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1. Which of the following cellular changes is considered to be pre-cancerous: apoptosis dysplasia metaplasia hyperplasia hypertrophy 4. Which of the following diseases is characterized by proteinuria:multiple myeloma liver cirrhosisurinary bladder stoneglioblastomamelanoma6. Which of the following statements is true about endometrial hyperplasia:it is the most common in females using contraceptive pillsthe type known as cystic hyperplasia is strongly precancerousthe condition predisposes to endometriosisthe condition predisposes to endometritiscan be caused by ovarian tumors 8. Which of the following tumors may contain a cartilaginous component:nephroblastoma hepatoblastoma osteosarcoma teratoma adenocarcinoma 13. Which of the following viruses is related to carcinoma of cervix:Ebstein-Barr viruscytomegalovirushuman papilloma virus herpes virusall of the listed 15. Choose the types of tumor growth with respect to the lumen:expansive growthexophytic growth endophytic growth unicentrical growthmulticentric growthWhich of the following neoplasms are undifferentiated:glandular neoplasm mucinous neoplasm medular neoplasm nephrocelular neoplasmcolloidal neoplasm The features of fibrous tissue neoplasm:expansive growth manly has only tissue atypiaearly metastasizesit is undifferentiated cancer it develops from connective tissue Which of the following are NOT malignant tumor features:a) invasive growth b) cellular atypiac) no metastasis d) slow growth e) recurrence Which of the following are the malignant tumor features:invasive growth cellular atypiano metastasis slow growth recurrence Which of the following are the types of adenomas:cystadenomaglandular adenomaacinar adenomanon keratinized adenomatubular adenoma Tick the features of solid carcinoma:late metastasisexpansive growit is undifferentiated neoplasmtissue atypiacellular atypiaThe following changes are often identified due to the general influence of malignant tumor on the body:change in blood enzyme activityreduced red blood cells sedimentation anemiahyperproteinemiahypolipidemia Which of the following are the ways of malignant tumors metastasis: relapsing wayhematogenous way localized and waylymphogenous way generalized wayWhich of the following tumors are differentiated:large cell carcinomaadenocarcinoma squamous cell carcinomacolloid carcinomamicrocellular carcinomaWhich of the following are colloid cancer features:develops from epithelial tissue it is undifferentiated tumorkeratin pearls are characteristic of colloid cancer it metastazes e. exophytic growth Where is adenoma usually localized:urinary bladder mucosaesophageal mucosalymph nodesmammary gland adrenal glands Tick the types of atypia, which are usually distinguished in tumor cells:antigenic atypia physical atypiamorphological atypia clinical atypiadystrophic atypiaChoose the microscopic types of carcinoma:glandular fibros fibrinousnodular squamous Which of the following is the feature papilloma:tissue atypia cellular atypiametastasisinvasive growkeratin pearls Which of the following are malignant tumor secondary changes:calcificationmalignizationmucilaginization necrosis pinocytosisWhich of the following are malignant tumor features:exophytic growth tissue atypia only metastasisrapid growth recurrence Which of the following are the types of adenoma:alveolar adenoma squamous adenomatubular adenoma papillary adenoma medullary adenoma 32. Which are the features of squamous cell carcinoma:expansive growth predominance of stroma over parenchymapredominance of parenchyma over stroma keratin pearls can occur it is differentiated cancer33. Which of the following are adenoma types:adenomatous polyp teratomafibroadenoma papillary adenocarcinoma34. Papilloma can be complicated by:hemorrhage inflammationresorbtionmalignancy with the development of squamous cell carcinomamalignancy with the development of adenocarcinoma35. Which types of tumor growth are distinguished in relation to the lumen of the hollow organ:expansive growthexophytic growth endophytic growth diffuse growth appositional growth36. Which of the following are microscopic types of carcinoma:mesenchymal fibrinous squamous glandular medullar 37. Choose the characteristics of adenoma:tissue atypia cellular atypiaultrastructural atypiaexophytic growth infiltrative growth 38. Which organs and tissues may develop carcinoma: lymph nodes stomach pancreas spleen bones39. Tick the variety of histological atypia of tumor:cellular atypia tissular atypia organ atypiabiochemical atypiamixed atypia40. Choose microscopic forms of carcinoma:mucinous colloidal fibrousdesmoid lymphocytic 41. Which of the following organs may develop adenoma:thyroid glandhypophysis white matter of the brainspleenbones 42. Which of the following tumors originate in the glandular epithelium:papilomaadenomatous polyp mucinous carcinomamedullary carcinomasquamous carcinoma43. Choose the features of mucinous carcinoma:it originates in glandular epithelium it is a differentiated carcinomainvasive growth stroma prevail over parenchymacellular atypia 44. Choose the differentiated forms of carcinoma:adenocarcinomaleukemiasquamous cell carcinoma mucinous carcinomalymphoma 45. Which of the following tumors are benign:adenomapapilloma fibroadenoma lymphomamelanoma 46. Carcinoma “in situ” is characterized by:invasive growthexophytic growthcellular atypia infiltrative growthit usually affects bones 47. Malignant organo-specific tumors are characterized by:expansive growthslow growthinvasive growthcellular atypia they affect any type of epithelium 48. Which of the following are malignant organo-specific tumors:nephrocarcinomaseminomafibroadenomachorioepithelioma adenocarcinoma 49. Choose organo-specific malignant tumors:lymphomapolyptecomadisgerminoma seminoma55. Organo-specific benign tumors are characterized by:expansive growth rapid growthdestructive growthcellular atipyatissular atypia 61. Which of the following are metastases routes of malignant neoplasms:invasive routeimplantation route lymphogenous route morphologic routeexpansive route62. Which of the following tumor are benign:fibroadenomapapilloma lymphomadisgerminomaseminoma63. Tick cutaneous epithelium tumors:lymphomamucinous carcinomabasal cell carcinoma papilloma hydatiform mole 65. Fibroma is characterized by:invasive growthexpansive growth cellular atypiatissue atypia cellular and tissue atypia66. Which of the following are malignant muscular tumors:fibrosarcomarabdomyomaleiomyosarcomarhabdomyosarcomamyxoma 67. The cytoplasm of melanoblasts can accumulate the following pigments:hemoglobinogenic pigmentsproteinogenic pigments lipopigmentsmelaninpseudomelanin68. Lipoma is characterized by:hematogenous metastasislymphogenous metastasis cellular atypiatissue atypiaslow growth 70. Which of the following are benign fibrous tissue neoplasms:fibromaadenomalipomadesmoidfibrosarcoma71. Tick three most common localization of fibromas:skin lungsuterus livermammary gland 72. Which of the following tumors metastasize:fibromaosteosarcomachondromaangiosarcomamelanoma73. Serous membranes can be a source of development of:basal cell carcinomamesotheliomameningiomaosteosarcomasynovioma 74. Choose malignat tumor of mesenchymal origin:fibromasarcomalipomaleiomyomacarcinomaDistinctive features of sarcoma are:prevalence of lymphogenous metastasisprevalence of hematogenous metastasis recurrence epithelial originmesenchymal origin 76. The term cancer means:cell divisioncell multiplicationout of control (autonomy)crablobster77. A malignant epithelial cell neoplasm derived from any of the three germ layers is referred to as:sarcomacarcinomateratoma mixed cell tumoradenoma78. The study of neoplastic growths is referred to as:tetralogyanaplasiaoncologyneoplasiadysplasia79. A benign epithelial cell neoplasm derived from non-glandular surfaces is referred to as:papillomasarcomaadenomahamartomasquamous cell carcinoma80. Identify premalignant mandatory lesions:xeroderma pigmentosum familial adenomatous polyposis hyperplasiadisplasiametaplasia81. All of the following are anaplastic changes EXCEPT:pleomorphism and hyperchromatismincreased mitosis and abnormal mitotic figuresnuclei that vary in shape and sizepresence of undifferentiated cellspresence of abundant chromatin in cytoplasmic organelles82. Identify liver tumors:hepatoma hepatocellular carcinoma benign sarcomasnodular hyperplasiabile duct anaplasia83. Which of the following is least likely to be used as a means of distinguishing a benign neoplasm from a malignant one:degree of cellular differentiationrate of growthtype and amount of necrosisevidence of metastasismode of spread 84. Which one of the following neoplasms is highly invasive but is seldom spread by metastasis:papilloma of the skinsquamous cell carcinomas of the skinadenocarcinomas of the lungsbasal cell carcinomas of the skinosteogenic sarcomas of the limbs85. Which of the following features is more characteristic of a benign neoplasm:it grows by expansion and implantation occurs frequentlyit metastasizes if the brain is the site of originit usually non-encapsulated and necrosis seldom occursit tend to recurs after surgical removalit usually occurs singly and does not recur after surgical removal 86. Which of the following is considered to be the hallmark of malignancy:anaplasia and the rate of growth of neoplastic mass metastasis and the degree of encapsulation of neoplastic massformation of giant cells and cellular anaplasia within and around the neoplastic masspresence of undifferentiated cells and evidence of metastasiscellular anaplasia and growth by expansion of neoplastic mass87. The process of neoplastic cells moving through the circulatory system and obstruction of vessel is referred to as:anaplasianeoplasiathrombosistransplantationembolism88. The process by which glandular epithelium of the prostate is transformed into squamous epithelium under the influence of estrogens is known as:neoplasia dysplasiahyperplasiametaplasiaanaplasia89. A neoplasm characterized by the presence of "cancer pearls" and intercellular bridges is most likely:basal cell epitheliomapheochromocytomasquamous cell carcinomahistocytomaadenoma90. What does pleomorphism mean: uncontrolled mitosis multiple nuclei variability in shape and size the presence of cells of other tissues in the affected tissue all of the listed91. The process when cells move from one site to another is called:transportation biotransformation metastasis stasis e. flagellation 92. Metastatic adenocarcinoma of the stomach that specifically goes to the ovary is called:metastatic adenocarcinoma melanoma Krukenberg 's tumor Wilson's tumor Richtsler's tumor93. If a tumor is benign and of squamous origin, it is called:malignant tumorKrukenburg tumoradenoma papilloma carcinoma94. If a tumor is benign and glandular in origin, it is called:malignant tumorKrukenburg tumoradenoma carcinoma papilloma 95. Benign tumor of cartilage is called: osteoma chondroma leiomyoma lipoma melanoma 96. Benign tumor in smooth muscle is called: osteoma leiomyoma lipoma chondroma rhabdomyoma97. Movement to the cell periphery of the nucleus as a result of the cytoplasmic mucin abundance, means:hypertrophy benign tumorKrukenburgs sign signet-ring cellWilson rings98. What does TNM stand for: tumor size, metastases in the lymph nodes, malignancy tumor size, tumor nodule, malignancy tumor shape, metastases in the lymph nodes, distant metastasistumor size, metastases in the lymph nodes, distant metastasis this is not a medical grading system ................
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