Global Citizenship

Global Citizenship:

Planning for Sustainable Growth

A Pilot Report on Enhancing the Understanding of Global Residence and Citizenship Programs

Jointly Commissioned by: Arton Capital and the World Economic Forum

? 2014 World Economic Forum Global Council on Migration, Arton Capital

No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system. 2014-10

Contents

Preface

5

Introduction and Background

6

Definition, Scale and Scope

8

Trends and developments

10

Supply

10

Demand

10

Competition

11

Methods

12

Case selection

12

Towards an analytical framework

13

Investment requirements

14

Price point

14

Maturity

15

Choice of investment type

15

Job creation

16

Overview: investment requirements

17

Commitment requirements

19

Program type

20

Citizenship by Investment Programs: Physical presence for the application

20

Citizenship by Investment Programs: Interview or oath

20

Citizenship by Investment Programs: Physical presence for renewal of the passport 21

Immigrant Investor Programs: Years of residency

21

Immigrant Investor Programs: Days of physical presence

21

Immigrant Investor Programs: Citizenship/language test

22

Overview: commitment requirements

22

Transparency

24

Public support

24

Evaluation

25

Public data on the number of approved investors

25

Publicly available background data

25

Due diligence

26

Overview: transparency

27

Economic weight

29

GDP per capita

29

External debt per capita

30

3

Overview: economic weight

30

Social capacity

32

Population

32

Immigrant intake

32

Overview: social capacity

33

Combined scores

35

Case Assessments

36

Canada

36

United States

40

United Kingdom

43

New Zealand

46

Bulgaria

49

Saint Kitts and Nevis

51

Antigua and Barbuda

53

Recommendations

56

Preface

Arton Capital and the World Economic Forum - Global Migration Council are delighted to present this report. Our collaboration reinforces the strategy of the Global Agenda Council to engage private sector partners in the migration realm, and embodies Arton Capital's commitment to the sustainable development of the global citizenship movement.

This report collates the latest available research and data on global citizenship programs ? itself no mean feat ? but it goes beyond a comprehensive overview of these programs. The report has three hallmarks. First, it is based on a large-scale comparative study, combining data and analysis from a representative range of countries around the world ? to the best of our knowledge such an extensive survey has not been conducted before. Second, it is based on published resources and interviews conducted among principal stakeholders. This diversity of perspectives enhances its insights and analysis. Third, it maps a methodology for further research in this field; drawing on published research from a range of relevant disciplines, and identifying the range of stakeholders now involved in these programs.

The most enduring impact of this report, however, is its carefully elaborated analytical framework. This tool will need further refining and to be tested in other contexts, but it provides for the first time an analytical method to evaluate existing global citizenship programs and assesses their impact; and guides the principled development of new programs. On the basis of this analysis, the report also concludes with a series of concrete recommendations targeted on government and industry partners.

We have deliberately pulled no punches in this report. There are still skeptics of global citizenship programs, and their voices are included here. There are countries that are not performing as well as others in developing clear guidelines on their programs, and these divergences are illustrated as well. Some of the biggest market players have been interviewed for this report, and their perspectives are reflected in pursuit of an objective approach and analyses of the set-up and the performance of global citizenship programs.

We would like to acknowledge the work of Mrs. Iris Hagemans at the University of Amsterdam, who conducted the research and analysis, and drafted this report.

It is a significant report, and we recommend it to you.

Dr. Khalid Koser Chair, Global Agenda Council on Migration

World Economic Forum

Mr. Armand Arton President & CEO Arton Capital

5

 ................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download