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Brain structure and function activity: Your task is to determine the functions of the following brain structures, and determine an example of the use of each of the structures in your own life and fill in the chart below. An example using driving has been provided. Brain structureBrain structure functionsProvided Example: Driving functionsMy example:Cerebellum The?cerebellum?receives information from the sensory systems, the spinal cord, and other parts of the brain and then regulates motor movements. The?cerebellum?coordinates voluntary movements such as posture, balance, coordination, and speech, resulting in smooth and balanced muscular activity.Coordinates hand movements on the steering wheel as well as pressing on the accelerator and brake padAlcoholReticular formationSleep and consciousness – The?reticular formation?has projections to the thalamus and cerebral cortex that allow it to exert some control over which sensory signals reach the cerebrum and come to our conscious attention. It plays a central?role?in states of consciousness like alertness and sleep.Regulates our alertness or drowsiness while on the roadHot air balloonCorpus callosumCorpus callosum/the?corpus callosum consists of about 200 millon axons that interconnect the two hemispheres. The primary?function of the corpus callosum?is to integrate motor, sensory, and cognitive performances between the cerebral cortex on one side of the brain to the same region on the other side.Shares sensory and motor driving information between hemispheres for a coordinated response to avoid an accidentGirl with half a brainBrain stem MedullaThe?medulla?oblongata helps regulate breathing, heart and blood vessel function, digestion, sneezing, and swallowing. This part of the brain is a center for respiration and circulation. Sensory and motor neurons (nerve cells) from the forebrain and midbrain travel through the?medulla.Regulates breathing and heart rate; keeps your heart rate and respiratory rate just above coma level when driving across nebraska. Pons It is a bridge between various parts of the nervous system, including the cerebellum and cerebrumSets breathing rate; Increases breathing rate when slamming on the brakes to avoid hitting a deer. Midbrain ?A portion of the central nervous system associated with vision, hearing, motor control, sleep/wake, arousal (alertness), and temperature regulation.Conducts visual and auditory information messages to the thalamus and conducts motor information to the body’s muscles ch?v=WMlVNFpzKNIDiencephalonThalamusThe main?function of the thalamus?is to relay motor and sensory signals to the cerebral cortex.Relays the visual and auditory messages of the lights and sirens of a police car behind you to your cerebral cortexHypothalamus One of the most important?functions of the hypothalamus?is to link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland.Makes us aware of being warm or cold (to adjust temperature controls); to stop for food or drink because you are hungry and thirstyLimbic system AmygdalaShown to play a key?role?in the processing of emotions, the?amygdala?forms part of the limbic system.Activates during road rage HippocampusThe?hippocampus?is associated mainly with memory, in particular long-term memory.?Brings up memories of previous trips to grandma’s house so you remember where to turn Cerebral cortex Frontal lobeInvolved in planning, organizing, problem solving, selective attention, personality and a variety of "higher cognitive?functions" including behavior and emotions.Problem solving - do you pull over for the police or do you make a run for it? Grey’s Anatomy Season 4Episode 12 Motor cortexThe role of the primary?motor cortex?is to generate neural impulses that control the execution of movement.Initiates driving actions - moves the right foot to the gas or brake pedals Broca’s area Broca's area?is responsible for producing language. It controls motor?functions?involved with speech production. People who have damage to this?area?of the brain can understand language but cannot properly form words and speak.Initiates the motor functions to sing with you passengers to your favorite jam. Prefrontal cortexThis brain region has been implicated in planning complex cognitive behavior, personality expression, decision making, and moderating social behavior.Helps in planning our route around a. closed road or hazard. Parietal lobeThe?parietal lobes?can be divided into two functional regions. One involves sensation and perception and the other is concerned with integrating sensory input, primarily with the visual system.?Helps us determine if our car may fit into a parking space Somatosensory cortexThe?somatosensory cortex?receives all sensory input from the body. Cells that are part of the brain or nerves that extend into the body are called neurons. Neurons that sense feelings in our skin, pain, visual, or auditory stimuli, all send their information to the?somatosensory cortex?for processing.Register the pressure of the right foot on the gas pedal Occipital lobe Visual cortexThe?occipital lobe?is the visual processing centerProcesses the visual information of the police lights behind you Temporal lobeThe temporal lobe?is involved in primary auditory perception Auditory cortexProcesses the sounds of the police car sirens behind you Wernicke’s areaWernicke's area is an important part of the brain that is involved with helping us to understand spoken language.?Allows you to comprehend the lyrics to your favorite song, and the conversation of the person next to you ................
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