Gross Domestic Product by State

[Pages:28]142

July 2011

Gross Domestic Product by State

Advance Statistics for 2010 and Revised Statistics for 2007?2009

By Jonathan E. Avery, Todd P. Siebeneck, and Robert P. Tate

T HE ECONOMIC recovery was widespread across states in 2010. Real gross domestic product (GDP) increased in 48 states and the District of Columbia in 2010. In contrast, in 2009, real GDP declined in 40 states and the District of Columbia, according to esti mates from the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA).

The fastest growing state in 2010 was North Dakota, where real GDP grew 7.1 percent (chart 1 and table 1). In just two states, Wyoming and Nevada, real GDP de clined. For Nevada, this was the third consecutive an nual decline in real GDP.

Real GDP increased in all eight BEA regions in 2010 after declining in all regions in 2009. The regions with the strongest growth in 2010 were the Mideast, where real GDP increased 3.8 percent, and New England,

where real GDP increased 3.4 percent. U.S. real GDP by state--a measure of nationwide

growth calculated as the sum of GDP of all states de flated by a national price measure--increased 2.6 per cent in 2010 after declining 2.5 percent in 2009.1

Other highlights include the following: Durable-goods manufacturing was the leading con

tributor to growth in U.S. real GDP by state in 2010. For the nation, durable-goods manufacturing increased 9.9 percent in 2010, an upturn from the 12.7 percent decline in 2009.

1. This measure differs conceptually from GDP in the national income and product accounts, though the values are similar. For a description of the differences, see the box "Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by State."

Chart 1. Percent Change in Real Gross Domestic Product by State, 2010

WA 1.6

OR 3.4

NV -0.2 CA 1.8

Rocky Mountain 1.4

MT 1.1

ID 2.0

WY -0.3

UT

1.7

CO

1.4

Far West 1.8

HI 1.2

AZ

NM

0.7

1.7

AK 1.9

U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis

Plains 2.5

ND 7.1

SD 2.2

NE 1.9

MN 3.2

IA 3.1

KS

MO

2.1

1.4

Great Lakes 2.6

WI

2.5

MI

2.9

OH

IL

IN

2.1

1.9 4.6

New England 3.4

NH ME 1.3 2.1

VT 3.2

NY 5.1

MA 4.2

RI CT 2.8 3.1

PA

3.0

NJ Mideast

2.5

MD

DE 3.8

2.9

1.3

OK 1.0

TX 2.8

WV

4.0 VA

DC

KY

2.6

3.5

3.2

NC

TN

3.4

3.5

AR 2.3

MS

AL

1.1

2.0

SC 2.6 GA 1.4

Southeast 2.3

LA

2.6

U.S. = 2.6

FL

Highest quintile

1.4

Fourth quintile

Southwest 2.3

Third quintile Second quintile

Lowest quintile

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Durable-goods manufacturing was the leading con tributor to growth in seven of the eight BEA regions. The Mideast region was the exception, where the largest contributor to growth was finance and insurance.

Retail trade grew in all eight BEA regions. This industry was the second largest contributor to growth in U.S. real GDP by state in 2010. Nation ally, retail trade increased 5.2 percent in 2010 after declining 1.9 percent in 2009.

Finance and insurance was the third largest contrib utor to the growth in U.S. real GDP by state. For the nation, finance and insurance increased 3.2 percent in 2010, which was a slowdown from its strong growth of 6.1 percent in 2009.

Construction continued to be a drag on growth in U.S. real GDP by state in 2010, declining for the sixth consecutive year. In all BEA regions except New England, construction negatively impacted real GDP growth. Nationally, construction declined 3.7 percent in 2010 after declining 15.6 percent in 2009. GDP by state is the most comprehensive measure of

economic activity in states--the state counterpart to GDP in the national income and product accounts (NIPAs). In June, BEA released advance current-dollar and real (inflation-adjusted) statistics on GDP by state

for 2010.2 The release also provided statistics at a more detailed industry level for 2009 and revised statistics for 2007?2008.

This article focuses on the main industries that con tributed to regional growth in 2010. It then discusses per capita real GDP by state and compares it to per capita personal income. It concludes by discussing re visions to GDP by state for 2007?2009.

Industry contributions to regional growth

Unlike in 2009, most industries contributed to growth in real GDP by state in 2010. Durable-goods manufac turing led the way, contributing 0.61 percentage point to the nation's real GDP growth of 2.6 percent (tables 2 and 3). Durable-goods manufacturing was the leading contributor to growth in 29 states, including all of the states in the Great Lakes region. This industry ac counted for nearly half of the growth in real GDP in Indiana, Michigan, and Wisconsin. Outside the Great Lakes region, durable-goods manufacturing accounted for more than half of the growth in real GDP in Ari zona, New Hampshire, and Oregon.

Nationally, retail trade was the second largest con tributor (0.30 percentage point) to real GDP growth in

2. For a description of the abbreviated methodology used to generate the advance statistics, see the box "Advance Statistics on Gross Domestic Prod uct (GDP) by State for 2010."

Advance Statistics on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by State for 2010

The advance statistics on GDP by state are based on lim- cash receipts from the U.S. Department of Agriculture,

ited state source data and an abbreviated estimation and the advance statistics for the mining sector incorpo

methodology that differs from the standard methodology rated preliminary data on value of production and prices

used to prepare the state statistics for 1997?2009. These from the U.S. Department of the Interior and the U.S.

statistics are prepared at the sector level of the North Department of Energy.

American Industry Classification System (NAICS). The 2010 advance statistics on GDP by state for all sec-

Detailed state source data on value added by industry and tors were scaled to the advance 2010 statistics on GDP by

state and local taxes by industry are not yet available for industry by allocating the difference between the two

2010. The advance 2010 statistics draw heavily on prelim- measures among the states. The sector statistics were then

inary 2010 state earnings by industry, released on March summed to total GDP for the states.

23, 2011, and on advance 2010 statistics on GDP by The advance statistics on real GDP by state for detailed

industry, released on April 26, 2011. As a result, the industries are derived by applying national chain-type

advance 2010 statistics on GDP by state are consistent price indexes for value added to the industry values of

with the national annual industry accounts and the state current-dollar GDP by state. The chain-type index for-

personal income accounts.

mula that is used in the national accounts is then used to

The 2010 advance statistics on current-dollar GDP by calculate the real values for sectors and total real GDP for

state were extrapolated from industry value added (GDP) the states.

for 2009, using the change in state earnings by industry The advance U.S. real GDP by state differs from the

from state personal income statistics. For two industries, corresponding GDP values in the national income and

preliminary source data were incorporated. The advance product accounts (NIPAs) because of differences in

statistics for the agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunt- source data and vintages of data used to estimate GDP by

ing sector incorporated preliminary data on farm sector state and NIPA GDP.

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Gross Domestic Product by State

July 2011

2010. This industry contributed to growth in all eight BEA regions and in every state, and it was the leading contributor to real GDP growth in Florida (0.36 per centage point) and Oklahoma (0.42 percentage point).

Finance and insurance was the third largest contrib utor (0.27 percentage point) to real GDP growth for the nation. This industry was the largest contributor to growth in the Mideast region and in five states. In the Mideast states of New York (1.76 percentage points) and Delaware (0.89 percentage point), finance and in surance was the largest contributor to each state's growth. In Connecticut, this industry contributed 1.40 percentage points to growth, accounting for nearly half of the state's growth.

Mining was not an important contributor to real GDP growth for the nation, but it was a large contribu tor to growth in a few states. In North Dakota, the fast est growing state in 2010, mining contributed nearly 2 percentage points to real GDP growth of 7.1 percent. In Louisiana and Nevada, mining also contributed more than 1 percentage point to real GDP growth.

Nationally, construction continued to negatively af fect real GDP growth in 2010. Construction subtracted from growth in seven of the eight BEA regions and in

32 states. Nevada was particularly hard hit--construc tion subtracted nearly 2 percentage points from the state's real GDP growth.

Per capita real GDP by state

The five states with the highest per capita real GDP in 2010 were Alaska, Delaware, Wyoming, Connecticut, and New York. Alaska had the highest per capita real GDP of any other state, at $63,424, which was 49 per cent above the national average (chart 2 and table 4). The mining industry was the leading contributor to the state's high per capita real GDP; mining accounted for 25 percent of the Alaska economy in 2010. The state with the second highest per capita real GDP was Delaware, at $62,587, which was 48 percent above the national average. These five states represent four of the eight BEA regions, with the Mideast region being the only one dually represented.

The five states with the lowest per capita real GDP in 2010 were Mississippi, West Virginia, South Caro lina, Arkansas, and Montana. Except for Montana, these states are in the Southeast region. Mississippi had a per capita real GDP of $29,345, which was the lowest in the nation--31 percent below the national average.

Chart 2. Per Capita Real Gross Domestic Product by State, 2010

WA $45,599

OR $43,519

CA $46,488

NV $41,321

Rocky Mountain $41,717

MT $32,149

ID $32,344

WY $61,049

UT $37,194

CO $46,757

Far West $46,043

HI $43,615

AZ $35,745

NM $35,355

AK $63,424

U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis

Plains $41,434

ND $46,468

SD $44,550

MN $45,891

NE $43,625

IA $41,908

KS $39,964

MO $36,287

Great Lakes $39,189

WI $38,912

MI $34,893

OH

IL

IN $36,936

$45,302 $37,855

New England $49,924

NH $41,464

VT $36,981

ME $34,592

MA $52,251

NY $53,377

CT $59,132

RI $41,816

PA $39,830

MD $45,878

NJ

$49,901 Mideast

DE $62,587

$49,660

OK $35,578

TX $43,993

WV

$30,217 VA

KY

$47,570

$33,326

NC

TN

$39,917

AR

$36,040 SC

DC $150,760

$31,492

MS

AL

$29,345 $32,245

$31,378 GA

$37,366

Southeast $36,989

LA $43,052

FL $35,815

U.S. = $42,429 Highest quintile Fourth quintile

Southwest $41,266

Third quintile Second quintile Lowest quintile

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Comparison with per capita personal income. Per capita real GDP by state and per capita personal in come both measure the economic well-being of a state. Per capita real GDP includes corporate income, while per capita personal income does not. Per capita per sonal income also includes entitlements, such as social security and Medicare payments, while per capita real GDP by state does not. In 2010, the rankings for per capita real GDP by state and per capita personal in come showed many similarities.

The District of Columbia had both the highest per capita real GDP and the highest per capita personal in come. Its per capita real GDP was more than three times the national average and reflects that many peo ple commute into the District of Columbia for work.3

Seven of the states that ranked in the top 10 in per capita real GDP also ranked in the top 10 for per capita personal income. In fact, New York ranked number five in both measures. Alaska, which ranked number one in per capita real GDP, ranked number eight in per capita personal income.

Seven of the states that ranked in the bottom 10 in per capita real GDP also ranked in the bottom 10 in

3. GDP by state is measured by place of work; personal income is mea sured by place of residence.

Data Availability Summary statistics on gross domestic product (GDP) by state in current dollars and in real chained (2005) dollars for 2007?2010 are presented in this article. More detailed statistics for states, BEA regions, and the United States can be accessed interactively on BEA's Web site.

The following annual statistics are available at : Advance statistics on current-dollar GDP by state,

real GDP by state in chained (2005) dollars, and quantity indexes for 2010 for 24 NAICS-based sec tors. Current-dollar and real GDP by state and quantity indexes for 1997?2009 for 81 NAICS-based subsec tors. Current-dollar statistics on compensation of employees, taxes on production and imports less subsidies, taxes on production and imports, subsi dies, and gross operating surplus for 1997?2009 for 81 NAICS-based subsectors. Per capita real GDP by state for 1997?2000 and 2010. E-mail gdpbystate@ or call 202?606?5340 for further information.

per capita personal income. Mississippi ranked last in both per capita real GDP and per capita personal in come.

Several states ranked in the highest or lowest cate gory in one measure but not in the other. Delaware, which ranked number 2 in per capita real GDP, ranked number 20 in per capita personal income. The high ranking of Delaware in per capita real GDP reflected the large concentration of the finance and insurance sector, a highly capitalized industry in the state. New Hampshire ranked number 9 in per capita personal in come but ranked 24 in per capita real GDP. Maine, which ranked 42 in per capita real GDP, ranked 29 in per capita personal income.

Revisions

BEA's June release of GDP by state incorporated the annual revision of state personal income; the Annual Survey of Manufactures (ASM) data, revised for 2008 and new for 2009; data from the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) for 2009; govern ment finance data for 2008 and 2009; and data from many other sources. Revisions to the advance statistics for 2009, which were originally released in November 2010 and updated in February 2011, were generally larger than the revisions for 2007?2008.

Current-dollar GDP by state for 2007?2009. For 2009, revisions to current-dollar GDP by state were less than 3.0 percent in absolute terms for all but three states (table 5). For Oklahoma, GDP by state was re vised down 7.7 percent. The size of the revision was primarily the result of incorporating updated prices for natural gas that were multiplied by related quanti ties to arrive at the value of natural gas production in the mining industry. Excluding mining, GDP for Okla homa was revised down 2.1 percent. GDP for New Mexico was revised up 3.3 percent because of an up ward revision to data for durable-goods manufactur ing; the ASM data for the revised estimate indicated more activity in manufacturing than the earnings ex trapolation did for the advance estimate. GDP for Connecticut was revised up 3.3 percent primarily be cause of an upward revision to finance and insurance; incorporating the NAIC data into the revised estimate for insurance indicated more activity in finance and insurance than the earnings extrapolation did for the advance estimate.

For 2008, revisions to current-dollar GDP by state were generally small. Almost all were less than 1 per cent in absolute terms. The largest revisions were to GDP for West Virginia (?3.7 percent) and Oregon (2.9 percent). For West Virginia, the downward revision

146

Gross Domestic Product by State

July 2011

was primarily due to a downward revision to state and local government, specifically a downward revision to compensation of employees from the annual revision of state personal income. For Oregon, the upward revi sion was primarily due to an upward revision in com puter and electronic product manufacturing caused by an upward revision to the ASM value-added data for this industry.

For 2007, the revisions to current-dollar GDP were small. The largest revision was to GDP for Delaware (2.7 percent) that was primarily due to an upward revi

sion to banking. Real (chained-dollar) GDP by state. The real GDP

growth rates for 2009 correctly identified the direction of change for 46 states and the District of Columbia, and it correctly indicated whether a state grew at a faster or slower pace than the national average for 42 states. Additionally, the advance estimates correctly identified 8 of 10 states in the highest growth quintile and 6 of 10 states in the lowest growth quintile.

The revisions to the growth rates of real GDP were measured as a percentage point difference from the

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by State

Gross domestic product (GDP) by state is calculated as etors' income, rental income of persons, net interest, cap-

the sum of incomes earned by labor and capital and the ital consumption allowances, business transfer payments,

costs incurred in the production of goods and services; it nontax payments, and the current surplus of government

includes the wages and salaries that workers earn, the enterprises.

income earned by sole proprietorships and partnerships Current-dollar statistics of GDP by state and its com

and corporations, and taxes on production and ponents are scaled to equal national totals of current-dol

imports--such as sales, property, and federal excise taxes. lar GDP by industry and its components for all industries

In contrast, GDP in the national income and product except federal military and civilian government. If the

accounts (NIPAs) is calculated as the sum of spending by national total for an industry differs from the initial sum-

consumers, businesses, and government on final goods of-states total for an industry, the difference between the

and services plus investment and net foreign trade. In national total and the sum-of-states total is allocated to

theory, income earned should equal spending, but the states according to the state distribution of the initial

because of different data sources, income earned, usually estimates.

referred to as "gross domestic income (GDI)," does not The statistics on real GDP by state are prepared in

always equal what is spent (GDP). The difference is chained (2005) dollars. Real GDP by state is an inflation-

referred to as the "statistical discrepancy."

adjusted measure of each state's GDP that is based on

U.S. GDP by state differs from the GDP in the NIPAs national prices of the goods and services produced in that

and thus GDP by industry from the annual industry state. The statistics on real GDP by state and on quantity

accounts, because the U.S. GDP by state excludes federal indexes with a base year of 2005 were derived by applying

military and civilian activity located overseas, which can- national chain-type price indexes for value added to cur-

not be attributed to a particular state. The 2010 statistics rent-dollar GDP by state for the 64 detailed NAICS-based

on GDP by industry are identical to those from the 2010 industries for 1997 forward and for the 63 detailed SIC-

annual revision of the NIPAs released in July 2010. How- based industries for 1977?97.

ever, because of revisions since July 2010, NIPA GDP may The chain-type index formula that is used in the

differ from U.S. GDP by state.

national accounts is then used to calculate the values of

The statistics on GDP by state for industries for 1997 total real GDP by state and of real GDP by state at more

forward are based on the North American Industry Clas- aggregated industry levels.1 Real GDP by state may reflect

sification System (NAICS), and the statistics for indus- a substantial volume of output that is sold to other states

tries for 1963?97 are based on the Standard Industrial and countries. To the extent that a state's output is pro-

Classification (SIC). For each industry, the three compo- duced and sold in national markets at relatively uniform

nents of GDP by state are presented: compensation of prices (or sold locally at national prices), real GDP by

employees, taxes on production and imports less subsi- state captures the differences across states that reflect the

dies, and gross operating surplus. Compensation of relative differences in the mix of goods and services that

employees is the sum of wage and salary accruals, the states produce. However, real GDP by state does not

employer contributions for employee pension and insur- capture geographic differences in the prices of goods and

ance funds, and employer contributions for government services that are produced and sold locally.

social insurance. Taxes on production and imports is the

sum of federal excise taxes and customs duties, state and local government sales taxes, property taxes (including residential real estate taxes), motor vehicle licenses, severance taxes, other taxes, and special assessments. Gross operating surplus is the sum of corporate profits, propri-

1. For additional information, see J. Steven Landefeld and Robert P. Parker, "BEA's Chain Indexes, Time Series, and Measures of Long-Term Economic Growth," SURVEY 77 (May 1997): 58?68; and Gerard P. Aman, George K. Downey, and Sharon D. Panek, "Comprehensive Revision of Gross State Product: Accelerated Estimates for 2003 and Revised Esti mates for 1977?2002," SURVEY 85 (January 2005): 80?106.

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Acknowledgments

The statistics on gross domestic product (GDP) by state were prepared by staff in the Regional Product Division under the direction of Charles Ian Mead, Chief, and Clifford H. Woodruff III, Chief of the Regional Product Branch. Joel D. Platt, Associate Director for Regional Economics, provided general guidance. Contributing staff members were Sharon D. Panek, Chief of the GDP by State Services Section, Zheng (Catherine) Wang, Chief of the GDP by State Goods Section, Slavea A. Assenova, Jonathan E. Avery, Frank T. Baumgardner, John E. Broda, LeRoynda Brooks, Lam X. Cao, Jacob R. Hinson, Yolanda B. Langford, Lindsey J. Rittmueller, Ralph M. Rodriguez, Todd P. Siebeneck, Robert P. Tate, and Shane T. Taylor.

The public use tabulations and data files were assembled by Caitlin E. Coakley and the interactive tables were prepared by the Data and Administrative Systems Group under the direction of Callan S. Swenson.

previously published growth rate. For 2009, only six states had a revision greater than 2 percentage points (in absolute terms); the mean absolute revision was 1.2 percentage points (table 6). The states with the largest absolute revisions were Oklahoma (11.3 percentage points), New Mexico (4.6 percentage points), and Wy oming (3.3 percentage points). For Oklahoma, the large revision to the growth rate was caused by mining, which also caused the current-dollar revision.

For 2007 and 2008, most percentage point revisions were small. For 2008, the growth rate for Oregon was revised up 3.2 percentage points, and the growth rate for West Virginia was revised down 2.3 percentage points. For 2007, the growth rate for Delaware was re vised up 2.8 percentage points. These revisions to the growth rates were caused by the same industries that resulted in revisions to current-dollar GDP by state.

Appendix A and tables 1?9 follow.

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Gross Domestic Product by State

July 2011

Appendix A. Industries for Which Gross Domestic Product by State Is Available

2002 NAICS code

2002 NAICS code

Private industries ...................................................................................... ............................................

Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting.......................................... Crop and animal production ................................................................ Forestry, fishing, and related activities ................................................

11 111, 112 113?115

Information ................................................................................................. Publishing including software .................................................................. Motion picture and sound recording industries........................................ Broadcasting and telecommunications.................................................... Information and data processing services...............................................

51 511, 516

512 515, 517 518, 519

Mining..................................................................................................... Oil and gas extraction.......................................................................... Mining, except oil and gas................................................................... Support activities for mining................................................................

21 Finance and insurance.............................................................................. 211 Federal Reserve banks, credit intermediation and related services........ 212 Securities, commodity contracts, investments......................................... 213 Insurance carriers and related activities ..................................................

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles...............................................

52 521, 522

523 524 525

Utilities ................................................................................................... Construction ..........................................................................................

22

Real estate, rental, and leasing ................................................................ 23 Real estate ..............................................................................................

Rental and leasing services and lessors of intangible assets .................

53 531 532, 533

Manufacturing........................................................................................

Durable goods ................................................................................... Wood product manufacturing .......................................................... Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing.................................... Primary metal manufacturing .......................................................... Fabricated metal product manufacturing......................................... Machinery manufacturing................................................................ Computer and electronic product manufacturing ............................ Electrical equipment and appliance manufacturing......................... Motor vehicle, body, trailer, and parts manufacturing...................... Other transportation equipment manufacturing............................... Furniture and related product manufacturing.................................. Miscellaneous manufacturing..........................................................

Nondurable goods ............................................................................ Food product manufacturing ........................................................... Textile and textile product mills........................................................ Apparel manufacturing .................................................................... Paper manufacturing ....................................................................... Printing and related support activities............................................. Petroleum and coal products manufacturing................................... Chemical manufacturing ................................................................. Plastics and rubber products manufacturing...................................

Wholesale trade.....................................................................................

31?33

33, 321, 327 321 327 331 332 333 334 335

3361?3363 3364?3366, 3369

337 339

31, 32 (excludes 321, 327) 311, 312 313, 314 315, 316 322 323 324 325 326

42

Professional and technical services........................................................ Legal services ......................................................................................... Computer systems design and related services...................................... Other professional, scientific and technical services ...............................

Management of companies and enterprises...........................................

Administrative and waste services.......................................................... Administrative and support services........................................................ Waste management and remediation services .......................................

Educational services.................................................................................

Health care and social assistance ........................................................... Ambulatory health care services ............................................................. Hospitals and nursing and residential care facilities ................................ Social assistance.....................................................................................

Arts, entertainment, and recreation......................................................... Performing arts, museums, and related activities.................................... Amusements, gambling, and recreation ..................................................

Accommodation and food services......................................................... Accommodation....................................................................................... Food services and drinking places ..........................................................

54 5411 5415 5412?5414, 5416?5419

55

56 561 562

61

62 621 622, 623 624

71 711, 712

713

72 721 722

Retail trade.............................................................................................

44, 45 Other services, except government.........................................................

81

Transportation and warehousing, excluding Postal Service ............ Air transportation............................................................................. Rail transportation........................................................................... Water transportation........................................................................ Truck transportation......................................................................... Transit and ground passenger transportation.................................. Pipeline transportation .................................................................... Other transportation and support activities ..................................... Warehousing and storage ...............................................................

48, 49 481 482 483 484 485 486

487, 488, 492 493

Government ...............................................................................................

92

Federal civilian......................................................................................... .........................................

Federal military ........................................................................................ .........................................

State and local......................................................................................... .........................................

NAICS North American Industry Classification System

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Table 1. Percent Change in Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by State, 2007?2010

[Percent]

United States 1 .................................................................................

New England............................................................................................ Connecticut ........................................................................................... Maine .................................................................................................... Massachusetts ...................................................................................... New Hampshire..................................................................................... Rhode Island......................................................................................... Vermont.................................................................................................

Mideast..................................................................................................... Delaware ............................................................................................... District of Columbia............................................................................... Maryland ............................................................................................... New Jersey............................................................................................ New York ............................................................................................... Pennsylvania .........................................................................................

Great Lakes.............................................................................................. Illinois .................................................................................................... Indiana .................................................................................................. Michigan................................................................................................ Ohio....................................................................................................... Wisconsin..............................................................................................

Plains........................................................................................................ Iowa....................................................................................................... Kansas .................................................................................................. Minnesota.............................................................................................. Missouri................................................................................................. Nebraska............................................................................................... North Dakota......................................................................................... South Dakota ........................................................................................

Southeast................................................................................................. Alabama ................................................................................................ Arkansas ............................................................................................... Florida ................................................................................................... Georgia ................................................................................................. Kentucky................................................................................................ Louisiana............................................................................................... Mississippi............................................................................................. North Carolina....................................................................................... South Carolina ...................................................................................... Tennessee ............................................................................................. Virginia .................................................................................................. West Virginia .........................................................................................

Southwest ................................................................................................ Arizona .................................................................................................. New Mexico........................................................................................... Oklahoma.............................................................................................. Texas .....................................................................................................

Rocky Mountain ...................................................................................... Colorado................................................................................................ Idaho ..................................................................................................... Montana ................................................................................................ Utah....................................................................................................... Wyoming ...............................................................................................

Far West ................................................................................................... Alaska ................................................................................................... California ............................................................................................... Hawaii ................................................................................................... Nevada .................................................................................................. Oregon .................................................................................................. Washington ...........................................................................................

2007

1.9

1.7 3.0 0.4 1.9 0.7 ?1.0 ?0.7

1.6 3.3 2.0 1.8 0.9 1.7 1.9

1.1 1.5 2.8 0.1 0.4 0.8

2.4 4.9 4.8 0.3 1.2 3.5 4.7 3.9

1.1 1.3 0.7 1.1 2.3 ?0.2 ?3.9 4.8 2.7 3.0 0.1 0.9 ?0.6

4.5 2.5 0.7 2.5 5.4

3.5 2.5 4.1 4.3 5.1 3.9

2.0 2.2 1.2 1.2 3.8 3.2 5.2

2008

?0.3

0.4 ?0.7 ?0.6 1.6 ?0.1 ?2.0 0.4

0.0 ?4.8 3.0 0.9 0.2 ?0.4 0.1

?1.9 ?0.9 ?1.7 ?4.3 ?1.6 ?1.1

1.3 ?1.8 1.1 1.4 1.4 0.8 8.2 6.8

?1.0 ?0.1 ?0.1 ?3.4 ?0.9 0.4 ?1.4 1.4 ?1.2 ?1.2 0.1 1.3 0.0

?0.2 ?1.8 ?0.8 2.8 ?0.2

1.5 1.9 ?0.1 ?0.8 0.9 5.5

0.2 ?0.4 ?0.1 0.8 ?3.4 4.2 1.0

2009

?2.5

?2.6 ?1.8 ?2.3 ?3.3 ?1.7 ?1.8 ?2.3

?2.4 2.1 ?0.8 ?0.8 ?3.9 ?3.0 ?1.7

?3.7 ?2.7 ?4.1 ?5.0 ?4.2 ?2.8

?2.2 ?1.0 ?3.1 ?2.9 ?3.8 0.6 2.0 0.6

?2.4 ?3.0 ?1.5 ?3.7 ?4.9 ?1.9 4.1 ?2.5 ?2.0 ?3.5 ?4.4 ?0.3 2.8

?0.5 ?5.7 3.4 ?1.0 0.5

?0.4 ?0.5 ?3.4 ?1.5 ?1.5 9.8

?3.5 8.9 ?3.7 ?2.6 ?6.7 ?4.9 ?2.4

2010*

2.6

3.4 3.1 2.1 4.2 1.3 2.8 3.2

3.8 1.3 3.5 2.9 2.5 5.1 3.0

2.6 1.9 4.6 2.9 2.1 2.5

2.5 3.1 2.1 3.2 1.4 1.9 7.1 2.2

2.3 2.0 2.3 1.4 1.4 3.2 2.6 1.1 3.4 2.6 3.5 2.6 4.0

2.3 0.7 1.7 1.0 2.8

1.4 1.4 2.0 1.1 1.7 ?0.3

1.8 1.9 1.8 1.2 ?0.2 3.4 1.6

* Advance statistics 1. The U.S. values may differ from the National Income and Product Account (NIPA) values because of revisions to the NIPA values as well as the GDP-by-state accounts excluding Federal military and civilian activity

located overseas (because it cannot be attributed to a particular state). In addition, the advance year statistic (2010) may differ because of different sources and vintages of data used to estimate GDP by state.

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