AP Chemistry 2011 Scoring Guidelines - College Board

AP? Chemistry 2011 Scoring Guidelines

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AP? CHEMISTRY 2011 SCORING GUIDELINES

Question 1

1. Each of three beakers contains 25.0 mL of a 0.100 M solution of HCl, NH3, or NH4Cl, as shown above. Each solution is at 25?C.

(a) Determine the pH of the solution in beaker 1. Justify your answer.

pH = -log[H+] = -log(0.100) = 1.000

1 point is earned for the correct pH.

(b) In beaker 2, the reaction NH3(aq) + H2O(l) NH4+(aq) + OH-(aq) occurs. The value of Kb for NH3(aq) is 1.8 ? 10-5 at 25?C.

(i) Write the Kb expression for the reaction of NH3(aq) with H2O(l).

Kb

=

[NH4+ ][OH] [NH3 ]

1 point is earned for the correct expression.

(ii) Calculate the [OH-] in the solution in beaker 2.

Let [OH-]

=

x,

then

Kb

=

( x )( x ) (0.100 x)

Assume that x ................
................

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