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The History of the Duke William Inn/Hotel, MosboroughBy John RotherhamDecember 2020The Duke William Inn/Hotel's history at 19 Duke Street, Mosborough, is a long and complicated one compared to other public houses in Mosborough. It is characterised by a series of many short-term occupiers and tenancies, which have made its history more challenging to unravel. The story commences with its first known owner, George Bolsover. The local historian, George Foster, from whom we have this early record, gives no further clue as to his identity other than this single sentence: “The Duke William on the top of Primrose Hill was kept by George Bolsover, the owner”. Land Tax Redemption Records for 1798 reveal that Geo. Bolsover paid Land Tax of 2s 1d in that year on land he owned and occupied in Mosborough, which probably represents the land upon which the Duke William stood at the time. These entries appear again in the Scarsdale Land Tax Assessments in 1801 and several subsequent years.This revealing series of records from the archives of the Derbyshire Quarter Sessions also include an 1806 reference to a John Bolsover, victualler of Mosborough, who was fined 10s for allowing drunkenness and assaulting a constable. According to Foster, John Bolsover kept the St. George and Dragon Inn in the village, which might suggest, although by no means conclusively, a link between the two men of that name. It is concluded that they were brothers.Presumably, George Bolsover named his beerhouse, like many other English pubs, the “Duke William Inn” in honour of William, Duke of Normandy, who became William the Conqueror of 1066. Alternatively, the name may have been taken from William Cavendish, the 5th Duke of Devonshire of Chatsworth House, Lord Lieutenant of Derbyshire, and the owner of extensive estates in the area, at Handley and Coal Aston, who died in July 1811. George Foster also records that “George Bolsover had a cock-pit at a public house on the top side of the Green, where William Turner now lives. Sir Sitwell Sitwell of Renishaw Hall, a magistrate, ordered him to do away with it. He refused to comply with that order and, in consequence, lost his beer license.)”.The Bolsover family is one of Mosborough’s oldest and largest, dating back at least to 1580 when Edmund Bolsover was elected hedge grieve for the village by the manor court. It is possible to identify more than one individual within the family who might have been the first owner and landlord of the Duke William, based upon the dates and location already outlined. Sadly, the evidence is too vague to be precise. The same difficulties arise with the Duke William’s second known landlord, who, according to the local directories, was George Fox , around 1828 to 1835. He was eligible for entry onto the Register of Electors under the new provisions of the Reform Act of 1832 by virtue of rental property in Mosborough, presumably the Duke William Inn. He voted in support of the Conservative, Sir George Sitwell of Renishaw, and William Cavendish, the Whig candidate and a cousin of the then Duke William of Chatsworth.It seems likely that this was George Fox (1793-1847), son of George and Hannah Fox of Eckington who, on 27th September 1819, had married at Eckington, Sarah (1782-1851), the widow of John Galley (1782-1839) of Mosborough. His father, William Galley (1750-1797), had held a copyhold messuage and land (initially by lease) in the village since 1794. Sarah’s son, John Galley (1813-1902), claimed to be the Duke William’s owner in a licensing case in 1869. In December 1836, at the Eckington Justice Room, George Fox of Mosborough, victualler, was called to answer a complaint by John Hutton of Mosbrough, sickle manufacturer, for keeping a disorderly house. He had allowed several young men, including the complainant’s son, to stay till very late hours, including overnight.When and how George Fox came to leave the Duke William is unknown, but by 1841, the Census return for Mosborough recorded him as a farmer living at East Street, Mosborough, then aged 48; a widower. Sarah had died in 1837. George died in 1847. He was buried at the parish church of St. Peter and St. Paul, Eckington on 11th April 1847, aged 53.The couple had two children: Ann (b. 1819-1900). After the death of her father, Ann lived at West Street with her sister Sarah. She was described in the 1851 Census as a dressmaker. She later moved in 1861 to Pound Hill, where she worked as a shoe binder. She remained unmarried and was last recorded there in 1881. She died in 1900, aged 81.Sarah (1825-1856). Sarah was also unmarried, living with her sister as a dressmaker. She died in 1856, and was buried at the parish church of St Peter and St. Paul, Eckington on 1st June 1856, aged 30 years.In 1842 John Sayles was a victualler at the Hill, Mosborough; a trade directory confirming him to be the Duke William's landlord. This John Sayles was almost certainly John William Sayles (1816-1876), the son of Philip Sayles (c.1756-1847), farmer and coal master of Ridgeway, and his wife Mary (nee Bibbs, 1796-1864). In June 1840, he had married Margaret, third daughter of Mr. Thomas Smith, Cabin Knoll Farm, Calwich, Staffordshire, at Ellestone near Ashbourne.Perhaps it was intended that John was to follow his father into the coal industry. When the Moor-hole Colliery of Messrs. Sales and Tingle & Co. was offered for sale in 1841, it would have been necessary for him to find alternative employment, the extended family having multiple pubs and beer retailing interests in Sheffield. John William and Margaret had the first of their children at Moor-hole when he was described in the parish register as a collier. The couple had five children:Thomas, born at Moor-hole and baptised at Eckington on 24th January 1841, and probably died an infant;Charles (c.1843-1913), born at Ridgeway and baptised privately on 6th August 1843, a steam engine fitter, married Mary Jane Cowley (1844-1930) of Openshaw, Lancashire in 1867, and lived there for the rest of his life. 4 children; Henry (1845-1903), born at Carter Lane and baptised at Ridgeway on 30th July 1845, an engine fitter, married Jane Taylor (1855-1901) of St. Helen’s, Lancashire in 1882, and lived at Gorton, Lancashire for the rest of his life. Three children;William (b. and d. 1849), born at Carter Lane and baptised at Ridgeway on 20th March 1849;Mary (b.1850), baptised at Ridgeway on 7th April 1850; attending school in Openshaw, Lancashire in 1861, aged 11; nothing more known.It appears that John William’s tenure at the Duke William was short-lived. In December 1844, he was described as “of Ridgeway” in a case before magistrates at Eckington charged with negligently driving a horse and cart into Joseph Hutton’s gate post. When his son, Henry, was born the following July, his occupation recorded in the baptism register was a labourer. When the couple’s next child, William, was baptised in 1849, he was a schoolmaster, although the school at which he was teaching is not recorded.After his father died in 1857, John William and his family moved to Openshaw in Lancashire. He became a Legal Agent and later a Clerk at an ironworks, probably at the same company as his sons, who had apprenticed as engine fitters. His wife, Margaret, died in 1876 at Gorton, Lancashire, and he died a month later, aged 60.The 1846 edition of Bagshawe’s Directory of Sheffield reveals that John William Sayles was probably succeeded as the Duke William's landlord by Joseph Roper. Roper was not one of Mosborough’s established family names of the period, and the only couple bearing it in the Mosborough Census years of 1841 and 1851 were Joseph and Ann of Mosborough Green in 1841 and of the “Mill Houses” in 1851.Joseph was born at Stainsby in Derbyshire around 1800 and is recorded in the 1841 Mosborough Census return as an agricultural labourer, a description of him repeated in the 1851 Census. His wife, Ann, was born at Morthen, near Rotherham in South Yorkshire, some 3 or 4 years later. Ann must have died sometime before 1861 because Joseph is then recorded in the Census as a widower and boarder, living with Maria Savage at High Lane. The evidence for this Joseph Roper’s links to the Duke William is entirely circumstantial. It may have been he or a different Joseph Roper of Mosborough who, as a ground bailiff at Messrs. R. and F. Swallow’s colliery, gave evidence in an assault case before Eckington magistrates in 1862.Ellot Park’s first association with the Duke William appears in a local directory in 1849, his name misspelled, as must so often have happened. It is not known precisely when Joseph Roper left, or when Ellot Park assumed the tenancy. Ellot was baptised at Eckington on 29th December 1811. He was the son of James Park, (b.1779) of Eckington, publican, who had married Ellot’s mother, Elizabeth Champion (1777-1852) of Laughton-en-le-Morthen, South Yorkshire, at St. Peter and St. Paul Church, Eckington, in February 1803.Ellot began his career as a woodturner, but in 1831, he enlisted for the British Army at the age of nineteen years, and, being over 6 feet in height, he joined the First Regiment of Life Guards, a branch of the Household Cavalry. He was a Trooper with the Regiment for almost eight years before a rupture to his right groin led to his medical discharge with a pension, on 22nd October 1838, aged 27. His military record reveals that he was 6 feet, one and a quarter inches tall, with light brown hair, grey eyes and a fresh complexion. The Life Guards were not involved in any military action during the period of Ellot’s service. They would have been assigned mostly to ceremonial duties and the protection of the monarch. His discharge papers record that Ellot’s conduct had been “irregular”.After returning to civilian life in Eckington in 1838, Ellot must have taken up his former occupation as a woodturner. In 1841 he married Emma Jepson Worrall (1808-1872) of West Melton, near Rotherham, Yorkshire. Emma was baptised at All Saint’s parish church, Wath-upon-Dearne, Rotherham, on 11th July 1808, the daughter of John Worrall and Mary (nee Jepson) of West Melton. The marriage records are somewhat confusing, the banns being read at Eckington on three Sundays in February 1841, but then crossed through and the marriage recorded in the Rotherham registration district in the second quarter of the same year. The 1841 Census records the couple living in Eckington, where Ellot was a woodturner. By the time of the 1851 Census, he is a publican and woodturner of West Street, so it must be around this time that he took up the tenancy of the Duke William. The couple went on to have four children: Emma Jepson (1843-c.1869). In 1861, aged 19, Emma was a house servant for George Hounsfield of Clough House, Clough Lane, Sheffield (just off Bramall Lane). He was a banker and former Treasurer of the Royal Infirmary. She married Keeling Spencer (1840-1906), a waiter at the Sitwell Arms, Renishaw, at Sheffield in 1846. They had two children. Emma must have died after the birth of their second child in 1869 because Keeling moved to Ansley in Warwickshire and married again;John McDonald, baptised on 2nd February 1845, was living in 1851, aged 6, with his grandparents, James, and Elizabeth Park, at Eckington. Nothing further is known;Rose Mary (1846-1871) moved with her mother to Eckington after her father's death. Died there of consumption on 6th February 1871, aged 24;Agnes Elizabeth (1850-1926). In 1871, serving as a housemaid, aged 19, for the Rev. Thomas Gilchrist Golightly and his wife Gertrude of the Rectory, Shipton Lane, Shipton Moyne, Gloucestershire. Also serving this household was Ellen Edgington, aged 16, a nurse, who, ten years earlier, had been living with her family next door to Agnes’ grandfather, James Park, in Eckington. Agnes Elizabeth married Joseph Lucas Turner (1847-1876) of Shipton Moyne, carpenter, at the Shipton Moyne parish church on 13th April 1873. They had two children. After Joseph Lucas died in 1876, Agnes married Jonathan Turner (1856-1926) of Hawkesbury, Gloucestershire, gardener, at Shipton Moyne on 24th November 1879. Around 1890, the couple moved to Tredegar, South Wales, where Jonathan was a coal miner. They both died there in 1926. They had five children.Also, Ellot and Emma adopted a son, Robert Henry Hunter alias Park (1854-1866), the son of Mary Hunter, a single woman of Eckington. He was baptised at Eckington on 18th August 1854 and died on 6th April 1866, aged 11.Ellot Park is recorded as the Duke William’s landlord in at least two local trade directories after 1849 . The licence for the pub was transferred to Thomas Cooper at a meeting of the Derbyshire Petty Sessions in July 1852, suggesting that Ellot had given up, perhaps due to illness. He died in 1853, aged 42, and was buried at St. Peter and St. Paul parish church, Eckington, on 31st October of that year, leaving a young family. In 1861, Emma was recorded in the Census at Eckington with their two daughters Mary Rose and Agnes Elizabeth, and described as a schoolmistress. Ten years later, she was living alone in Church Street, Eckington, working as a laundress. She died suddenly on 17th January 1872, aged 63.The next landlord, Thomas Cooper, was probably born at Brimington, Chesterfield, in 1801, although a record of his baptism could not be found. In May 1827, he married Hannah (1806-1886), the eldest daughter of John Whiteley of Soyland, near Halifax, weaver, deceased, and his wife Elizabeth (‘Betty’) (nee Clayton, 1779-1848). At his marriage, Thomas was recorded as a miller, leading to the supposition that he may have been one of a family of corn millers based around the Chesterfield area. The couple had five children:Mary Anne (1828-1879), born at Skircoat, near Halifax, and baptised at St. Bartholomew, Ripponden with Rishworth, on 31st August 1828. She married James Barlow Harrison (128-1876), and the couple lived first at Lightwood, Troway, where Mary Ann was a dressmaker in the 1851 Census. They moved to Middle Handley for a few years before moving again to Bootle in Lancashire, probably connected with James’ work as a stonemason, and where she continued working as a dressmaker in 1871. Shortly afterwards, they returned to Mosborough, where Mary Ann died. James died at Mosborough in December 1876 and was buried in the churchyard of St. Peter and St. Paul parish church, Eckington. They had three children;John Whiteley. (c.1833-1868), Born in Sheffield around 1832/3, he was working with his father as a corn miller in 1851 at Nohill Mill, Mosborough, aged 19. The 1861 Census finds him living at Leadmill Street in Sheffield, possibly as a visitor, at the house of Mary Hough, widow, and described as a miller. He died in 1868, apparently unmarried, and was buried at St. Peter and St. Paul parish church, Eckington, on 29th September 1868, aged 37 and “of Mosborough”;Martin (1834-1900) is said to have been born in Sheffield on 12th October 1834, although no baptism record for him was found. He was apprenticed to his uncle, Thomas “The Clock” Whiteley (1803-1889), of Soyland, clock and watchmaker, and was recorded living there with Thomas and his family at the time of the 1851 Census, aged 16. He married Emma Sykes (1838-1870) at Birmingham in October 1857, and the couple lived initially at South Street, Sheffield Park, where Martin, in 1861, was a watchmaker, and where their three children were born. Four years later, they took the momentous decision to emigrate to America. Martin first appears as a watchmaker in the 1878 New Haven, Connecticut City Directory, and continued to be listed there until his death in December 1900. In the United States Federal Census of 1880, he was a widower. He was granted U.S. citizenship by naturalization in October 1885, and he was buried at Whitneyville Cemetery, at Hamden, New Haven, Connecticut, on 10th December 1900, aged 65. Elizabeth (1837-1885), born at Nohill Mill, Mosborough, and baptised at St. Giles, Killamarsh, on 15th January 1857. She lived at the Mill with her parents until her marriage to John Grant (1833-1905) of Mosborough, stonemason, at Rotherham in July 1859. The couple lived first at West Street, Mosborough, where their first child, Emma, was born and unfortunately died in 1861. At the 1881 Census, they were living at The Pingle, where her husband established a stone masonry business with his brother, Richard Grant. Elizabeth died in 1885, aged 48, and was buried at Eckington Cemetery on 25th February. The couple had nine children.Ellen (1845-1911), born at Nohill Mill, Mosborough, was baptised at St. Peter and St. Paul parish church, Eckington, on 9th November 1845. She lived with her parents, first at the Mill and later at the Duke William, before she married Will Rodgers (1841-1921) of Ridgeway, blacksmith, at St. Peter and St. Paul parish church, Eckington, on 7th June 1864. The couple lived first at Mosborough, where their first child, Thomas, was born in 1865, before moving to Ridgeway around 1867. The 1881 Census records her residing at her mother’s house at Mount View, Mosborough, perhaps as a visitor, with her daughter, Alice. By 1890, Ellen and Will had the tenancy of the Royal Hotel in Eckington, when Will was charged with diluting gin with too much water. The magistrates dismissed the case after hearing evidence from Ellen and her daughter. In 1895, Will won prizes at the Annual Exhibition of the Eckington Horticultural Society. For some years, the couple remained at the Royal Hotel before retiring to 9 Queen Street, Eckington, around 1911. Ellen died on 8th September 1911, aged 65, and was buried at Eckington Cemetery on 11th September; “she owned considerable property”. Will died ten years later on 29th June 1921, aged 80, and was buried at Eckington Cemetery on 3rd July. They had three children.Thomas Cooper was recorded in the 1851 Census as a corn miller, living at Mill House, Mosborough, and became the Duke William Inn's licensee in 1852. Thomas acquired something of a reputation for permitting out-of-hours drinking, and little more than six months after obtaining the licence, he was fined for keeping his house open during the hours of Divine Service. The following May, he appeared again before Eckington Petty Sessions, this time for permitting gambling on his premises.He was there in 1861, with his wife, Hannah, daughter Ellen and his niece, Elizabeth Whiteley, when according to the Census of that year, he was pursuing a dual occupation, both an innkeeper and corn miller. Thomas died on 1st February 1864, aged 63, and was buried at St. Peter and St. Paul parish church on the 4th of that month. Hannah died at Ridgeway, presumably at the house of her daughter, Ellen, in 1886, aged 81, and was buried at St. Peter and St. Paul parish church, Eckington, on 29th November.The next putative licensee of the Duke William is revealed in a single mention in a newspaper. In 1866, “Emma Galley, who keeps the Duke William public house at Mosborough,” was charged with assault by Jane Moseley at a hearing of the Dronfield Petty Sessions, both ladies making “the most indecorous charges against each other”. Emma was the wife of John Galley, farmer, of Pound Hill, Mosborough, who had occupied the farm next door since the early 1850s. Presumably, this must have been a temporary arrangement. Barely two months later, the same Jane Mosely appeared before Eckington Magistrates, charging her husband, John Moseley, “landlord of the Duke William Inn, Mosborough” with assault during a quarrel about some whiskey. Maybe Emma Galley was not the licensee at all, but merely taking care of the premises for the Moseleys. The implication that John Galley was the Duke William's owner in 1869, when he opposed the grant of a victualler’s licence to Isaac Plant of the Alma Inn,complicates the picture even further. Nothing more is known of John and Jane Moseley, and in any event, their occupation of the Duke William must have been a short one.It has been suggested that Will Rodgers, the husband of Ellen, daughter of Thomas Cooper, may have taken the Duke William's tenancy after Thomas Cooper died in 1864. However, an incident at the Duke William in 1866 suggests that Thomas Cooper’s’ wife, Hannah, had assumed the tenancy after her husband’s death. In February 1866, Ann Bennett served at “Mrs. Cooper’s public house” when she was struck on the head by John Wilson with a hedging bill. When the case was heard at Eckington Petty Sessions in the following April, Wilson was reported to have said, “There, I meant giving Sticker that, as well as you.” “Sticker,” it transpired, was the nickname of Will Rogers, Hannah Cooper’s son-in-law, who Wilson claimed, had thrashed his wife, and who was a witness of the whole incident. It must have been shortly afterward that Will Rodgers took up the tenancy of the Duke William.This supposition is borne out by the case of Tennant Brothers v. Rodgers at Chesterfield County Court in 1870 to recover payment for beer sold by Rodgers “their tenant at the Duke William Inn, Mosborough.” However, it conflicts with evidence that William Kay (1839-1847) was the landlord from 1868. Will Rodgers appears once more in a report from Chesterfield County Court in 1872 regarding a land dispute at Steward’s Croft, in which he is reported as “landlord of the Duke William public-house. In any event, the interest of Tennant Brothers of Exchange Brewery, Sheffield, from 1870 is clear. The company acquired the property before 1868. Will Rodgers (1841-1921) was born at Ridgeway on 8th April 1841 and baptised there on 2nd May 1841, the son of Thomas Hattersley Rodgers (1813-1889) of Ridgeway, Derbyshire, blacksmith, and his wife, Alice (nee Elliott,1817-1875). He learned the trade of blacksmithing, presumably from his father. In 1864, he married Ellen Cooper (1845-1911), the youngest daughter of Thomas Cooper, landlord of the Duke William (deceased) and his wife, Hannah, at Ridgeway. The couple lived at Ridgeway, where the first of their three children was born. These were:Thomas (1864-1938), baptised at St. Peter and St. Paul parish church, Eckington, on 12th March 1865, Thomas lived with his parents throughout his life. He was learning the trade of blacksmith under his father. He remained unmarried and died at the Commercial Hotel, Chesterfield (where his sister, Alice, was landlady) on 12th January 1938, aged 73. He was described as retired and was buried at Eckington Cemetery on 14th January 1938, in the grave of his uncle, Joseph Rodgers (1854-1930) of Chesterfield, edge tool grinder.Mary Elizabeth (1867-1923), baptised at Ridgeway on 1st March 1871. Attended school at Ridgeway, becoming a barmaid and later a cook at the Queen’s Hotel, Station Road, Eckington, where her father was the licensee. She married Harry Ashmore (1865-1938) of 20 Pit Street, Eckington, coal miner and later commercial traveller/tailor/outfitter, at St Peter and St. Paul parish church, Eckington, on 22nd January 1900. The couple lived at 70 Queen Street, Eckington, and had three children. Mary died at 9 Queen Street, Eckington, and was buried at Eckington Cemetery on 24th March 1923, aged 55. Harry died on 22nd March 1938, aged 73, and was buried three days later with his wife in the Eckington Cemetery family grave.Alice (1874-1953), baptised at Ridgeway on 28th May 1876. She began work as a barmaid at the Royal Hotel, Station Road, Eckington, where her father was the licensee. On 15th March 1898, she married William Lavender Wilkins (1870-1945), then living at the Royal Hotel, Eckington, colliery stoker, at St. Peter and St. Paul parish church, Eckington. The couple settled first at the West End Hotel, West Street, Eckington, where William was the licensee and their two children were born. By 1905, they had moved to the Royal Hotel, Southgate, Eckington, probably taking on the licence after Alice’s father had retired from the business. The 1911 Census records that they had taken over the Commercial Hotel, Chesterfield, where Alice was assisting her husband, who was the licensee. The couple retired from there to live at 119 Baden Powell Road, Chesterfield, where William died on 12th February 1945. Alice went to live with her eldest daughter, Hannah, at 124 Hady Hill, Chesterfield, and died at Scarsdale Hospital in 1953, aged 78 years. She was buried at Eckington Cemetery on 22nd July 1953. According to the 1871 and 1881 Census, Will Rodgers and his wife Ellen were living at Ridgeway. Will is recorded as a blacksmith, confirming that he was not living at the Duke William at the time. In March 1882, Will was involved in an incident at a pigeon shooting event at Ridgeway, at which it was alleged that he intentionally shot Joseph Turner in the neck. Will claimed it was an accident, but he was bailed, and the case was referred to the Assizes. The outcome is unknown.Will and his family appear to have moved to the Royal Hotel at Eckington around 1890. A hearing of the Eckington Petty Sessions in December of that year reveals that “William Rodgers, landlord of the Royal Hotel, Eckington” was charged with selling gin 38 degrees under proof. The case was dismissed. The family remained at the Royal Hotel until around 1905 when the licence was transferred to Will’s son-in-law, William Lavender Wilkins. Will and Ellen moved to 9 Queen Street, Eckington, where Ellen died on 8th September 1911, aged 65, and was buried at Eckington Cemetery three days later. Will died at Queen Street on 29th June 1921, aged 80, and was buried with his wife at Eckington Cemetery. The first mention of William Kay as landlord of the Duke William appears in an 1868 newspaper report. William was born on 30th June 1839 at Mosborough and baptised at St. Peter and St. Paul parish church, Eckington, on 28th July 1839; the youngest son of George Kay (1813-1886) of School Lane, Mosborough, farmer, and his wife Sarah (nee Massey, 1803-1861). After the family moved to Mosborough Moor, William became a coal miner, probably at the Silkstone Main Colliery of Messrs. Swallow of Mosborough Moor, where he was one of the survivors of the accident there in 1859, along with his uncles, John and Joseph. He married Emma Waller (1842-1899), eldest daughter of Edward Waller (1817-1895) of Mosborough, coke burner, and his wife Esther (nee French, 1820-1890) at St. Peter and St. Paul Parish Church on 4th December 1838.The couple lived in Mosborough, where William continued in his employment as a coal miner. In 1868 his licence application for the Duke William was approved despite having been fined for allowing gambling on the premises. The Eckington Brewster Sessions granted his request, this being the first offence. In 1876, his wife Emma brought a charge of assault at Dronfield Petty Sessions against Joseph Savage, a mason of Mosborough, after she had refused to serve him at the Duke William, and he had struck her in the face, giving her a black eye. William introduced pigeon shooting at the Duke William, often contributing to the prize money.The 1881 Census records the Kay family living at the Duke William Inn, while by 1891, they had moved to the Crown Inn at Mosborough. By contrast, Kelly’s 1891 Directory of Derbyshire lists them still living at the Duke William, suggesting their move must have occurred around this time. The couple had eight children:George Edward (1866-1924), a coal miner/pumping engine tenter at Holbrook Colliery, lived at Cadman Street, Mosborough, and latterly at Park Pit Cottages, Renishaw. He was an auditor for the Mosborough Workmen’s Club and well known locally as an amateur handicap runner. In December 1889, he won the High Kick Championship of England (presumably the high jump) and a wager of ?100 in a competition in London ; unmarried, he died in 1924, aged 60, and was buried at Eckington Cemetery on 5th August 1924, described as a Fireman (presumably a colliery stoker at Renishaw Park Colliery) of Park Pit Cottages, Renishaw;Nellie (b. 1874);Sarah (b. 1876-1920), married John Crofts (1870-1944) of Mosborough, coal miner; lived at 37 Cadman Street, Mosborough, no children. She died in 1920 and was buried at Eckington Cemetery on 4th February, aged 44. John became a Pit Deputy and died in 1944. He was buried with his wife at Eckington Cemetery on 25th June, aged 74, aged 74. Secondly, John married Sarah Georgiana Buxton (1876-1960) at Chesterfield in 1922. She moved to 25 York Street, Hasland, after John’s death and died at Morton Isolation Hospital, Clay Cross in 1960 and was buried at Eckington Cemetery on 25th June 1960, aged 83. Bernard (1877-1896), died age 19, buried at Eckington Cemetery on 29th April 1896;Emma (b. and d. 1879), buried at Eckington Cemetery on 26th July 1879, aged 24 hours;William (1880-1924), a colliery labourer, married Sarah Staniforth (1877-1926) of Mosborough, lived at Elmton, Creswell, Derbyshire, with one child. William died at Chesterfield and North Derbyshire Hospital in 1924, aged 44 years and was buried at Cresswell. Sarah died in 1926 and was buried at Cresswell on 9th February 1926, aged 48.Florence (1884-1933) married Samuel Wilcock (1880-1957) of Eckington, coal miner, lived at Elmton, Creswell, Derbyshire, three children;Lillian (1885-1927) married Frederick Barnes (1885-1962) of Mosborough, a coal miner, lived in Mosborough, two children. Lilian died at Mosborough in 1927, aged 41, and was buried with her parents at Eckington Cemetery on 6th January 1927.Unfortunately, in 1888, one of William Kay’s young sons was severely burned on the hands and face by an explosion while putting coal on the fire. His thumbs were shattered, and it was feared that a limb might need to be amputated. It appeared that younger members of the family had scattered gunpowder on the coal overnight! By 1895, the Crown Inn had a new landlord. William Kay died two years later, aged 58, so it might be supposed that he was suffering illness or had decided to retire. He was buried at Eckington Cemetery on 18th September 1897. Emma died at Mosborough in 1899, aged 57, and was buried with her husband at Eckington Cemetery on 25th November of that year. Meanwhile, by July 1890, the Duke William too had a new landlord. Solomon Jones (1817-1900) had been a publican and beer retailer at 39 Greasbrough Road, Kimberworth, Rotherham, since before 1868. He was born in Mansfield and baptised there on 12th September 1817, the eldest son of George Jones (1796-1865) of Basford, Nottinghamshire, framework knitter, and wife Elizabeth (nee Prince, 1791-1873). Solomon, like so many people in the Mansfield area, followed his father into the trade of framework knitting and married at Mansfield in October 1850, Harriet Wells, daughter of Thomas Wells (1783-1870) of Belvedere Street, Mansfield, framework knitter, and his wife Sarah (nee Chapman, 1783-1846, deceased). Solomon and Harriet lived first at Prospect Place, Mansfield, where they were both engaged in framework knitting, before moving to Kimberworth in Rotherham, where Solomon worked in a forge. The mid-Nineteenth Century was a time of hardship for traditional knitters, being forced out of employment by the introduction of powered looms, perhaps prompting the couple’s removal to Rotherham, where employment prospects were much better. Solomon was no stranger to the magistrate’s courts, having had to pay for criminal damage to a door and window of William Cooke, publican of Mansfield in 1850, and a stone trough belonging to John Jennings in 1852. It was probably the same Solomon Jones, then aged 25. who was acquitted of assaulting a peace officer at Nottinghamshire County Quarter Sessions on 27th June 1842.By 1868, the couple had moved to Greasbrough Road, Kimberworth, where it seems likely that Solomon first became a beer retailer. He was also a successful pig breeder as a side occupation, winning first prize for a boar of a large breed at an exhibition of the Masborough and Rotherham Horticultural, Floricultural and Cottage Gardeners Society in 1869.Solomon gave evidence at Rotherham court-house in 1869 in an embezzlement case involving an employee of John Newton Mappin, brewer of Masborough , from whom he purchased his beer. He was granted a licence for The Crown Inn, Greasbrough Lane, in September 1869, despite having been fined two weeks earlier by the same court for keeping his house open on a Sunday. At a hearing of the Rotherham Petty Sessions in 1874, John Collins and Joseph Clarke, labourers of Rotherham, were charged with being drunk and refusing to quit the Crown Inn, “premises of Mr. Solomon Jones”.Solomon’s wife, Hannah, died in 1878, aged 66. They had no children. In 1879, Rotherham Police Court heard allegations from a police constable that Solomon was selling beer outside permitted hours. He had observed a man entering the Crown Inn and leaving with a jug, which the man promptly emptied onto the pavement when confronted by the officer. Solomon claimed that he had sold milk to the man, and the case was dismissed.A year after the death of his first wife, Solomon married Ann Townhill (b. 1856), daughter of Joseph Townhill (1910-1891) of Albert Street, Chesterfield, (formerly of Kimberworth and Swinton), brickmaker, and his wife, Catherine (nee Whiteley, 1817-1859, deceased) at Rotherham in 1879. Ann was just 22 at the date of their marriage, almost 40 years younger than Solomon, and she was probably pregnant at the time of the wedding. Their only child, Mary, was born at Rotherham in the same year. The couple lived initially at the Crown Inn, Greasbrough Lane, and it was here that Solomon, as executor, had to deal with the estate of his younger brother, Sampson, who kept the College Inn in Rotherham, and who died in 1882. At this point, the family’s movements are somewhat vague, and a single reference to an application for a bagatelle license by a Solomon Jones suggests that they may have moved to the Heart of Oak Inn in Dronfield around 1883. There were, however, two other men of the same name at that time living, coincidentally, at Kimberworth and Mansfield, probably members of the extended family.By July 1890, Solomon had become the landlord of the Duke William, when Frederick Ward was fined at Eckington Petty Sessions for being drunk and refusing to quit the premises when requested to do so by the landlord, Solomon Jones. There followed a series of similar offences by Herbert Green, collier of Mosborough, in November 1890, Herbert Turner, farmer of Mosborough, “a cantankerous old man”, in 1892 and Mark Turner of Mosborough, farmer, in April 1893, when Solomon was fined for allowing drunkenness on his premises. Fred Gregory, a collier of Mosborough, in May 1893 , and Edwin Pollard in 1897 were similarly charged, and again Solomon was fined and had his licence endorsed by the magistrates. These incidents must have been especially challenging for Solomon, who was now approaching his 80th birthday.Nevertheless, Solomon was respected within the neighbourhood, being called upon to preside at a public meeting at Mosborough Endowed School in 1895 connected with elections to the Eckington School Board. In 1896, his only child, Mary, married John Thomas Grant (1871-1939) of Mosborough, stonemason, who, by coincidence, was the grandson of Thomas Cooper, landlord of the Duke William thirty years earlier. John Thomas and Mary lived first at The Pingle in Mosborough, where the first of their five children were born, before moving to No. 5 Duke Street.Solomon died in 1900, aged 83, and was buried at Eckington Cemetery on 11th November 1900. His wife, Ann, became housekeeper at the De Rhodes Arms in Barlborough before remarriage on 27th July 1901 to William Henry Whiteley (1856-1916) of Huddersfield, mason, at St. John’s parish church, Huddersfield.The 1901 Census records that the next landlord at the Duke William was John Marples (1861-1929). He was baptised at St. Peter and St. Paul parish church, Eckington, on 30th June 1861, the son of Henry Marples (1833-1899) of Mosborough, coal miner, and his wife Sarah (nee Fox, 1838-1877). John was a coal miner, and in 1886 he was charged at Eckington Petty Sessions, along with his mother’s younger brother and near neighbour, Horatio Fox (1853-1927), collier, with fighting in the highway at Mosborough.He married Mary Ellen Bolsover (1864-1903), daughter of Thomas Bolsover (1835-1873) of Ridgeway, deceased, sicklesmith, and his wife Harriet (nee Glossop,1829-1897), of Hill Side, Mosborough, charwoman, at St. Peter and St. Paul parish church, Eckington, on 30th March 1891. The couple lived first at 4 High Street, Mosborough, where the first of their children were born, and by 1901, they had moved to the Duke William. Pigeon shooting matches continued to be held there, along with the annual New Year treat for the poor of Mosborough in January 1903, presided over by the curate, Rev. T. Williams, and the yearly fishing matches of the Duke William Fishing Association.Sadly, Mary Ellen died in 1903, aged 39, and was buried at Eckington Cemetery on 15th September 1903. The couple had five children:Harry (1892-1911), baptised at St. Mark’s, Mosborough, on 28th February 1892. A coal miner, he died in 1911, aged 19. He was buried with his mother at Eckington Cemetery on 13th June 1911, the Eckington Cemetery burial register describing him as a “Rope Boy.”Gladys (b. 1894), baptised at St. Mark’s, Mosborough, on 25th March 1894. A domestic servant at the Halfway House Inn of Alfred Ernest Rowley at age 17 in 1911. She married Charles Alfred Snowden (1891-1974), of 78 South Street, Mosborough, colliery boiler maker’s assistant, at Chesterfield in 1916. They lived for a while at 28 Queen Street, Mosborough, and had two children. Gladys died at 34b Chapel Street in 1967 and was buried at Eckington Cemetery on 2nd August, aged 73. Charles died in 1974 at St. Luke’s Nursing Home in Sheffield and was buried with his wife at Eckington Cemetery on 4th June of that year.Percy (1896-1968) started work as a colliery pony driver. Fined for violent conduct in a street fight in Mosborough in 1917, and gaming on a footpath between South Street and Plumley Wood in 1918, he married Sarah Ward (1896-1951) at Chesterfield in April 1919. He was one of those found guilty of consuming alcohol outside permitted hours in the Police investigation of Mosborough Working Men’s Club and Institute in October 1936. They moved to 2 Westfield Crescent, Mosborough, by 1939, and Percy died 29th October 1968, aged 72, and was buried at Eckington Cemetery on 1st November. Two children.Ida (1899-1924) was born at Mosborough and died, unmarried, in 1924, aged 25. She was buried at Eckington Cemetery on 21st January 1924.Annie (b. 1903) was born at Mosborough and married Samuel Woodall.Not long after Mary Ellen’s death, John was fined at Eckington Police Court for being drunk on his own premises. Six months later, he married Mary Jervis (b. 1861) at Chesterfield, and once more, the tenancy of the Duke William becomes unclear. In 1906, a report appeared in the Sheffield Independent, of a concert at the large club room of Mr. John Marples at the Blue Bell Inn, suggesting that John and Mary had moved there from the Duke William. John and Mary Marples appear to have moved once more, sometime before the 1911 Census, to 5 High Street Mosborough, where John was a coal miner. He died in 1929, aged 68.In February 1911, it was reported that the Duke William Inn's licensee, William Bolsover, had applied for a renewal of the license at a meeting of the Eckington Brewster Sessions. Because he had a conviction for an offence against the Licensing Acts, the application was refused. William was brother-in-law to John Marples, the previous landlord. A record of the wedding of his daughter, Mary Elizabeth, on 22nd March 1909, reveals that William was a Licenced Victualler at Duke Street, Mosborough at the time of the wedding, suggesting that William’s tenancy of the Duke William was a short one, probably from 1909 to 1911.William Bolsover (1853-1936) was baptised at St. Peter and St. Paul parish church, Eckington, on 25th December 1953, the eldest son of Thomas Bolsover (1828-1873) of Ridgeway, sicklesmith, and his wife, Harriet (nee Glossop, 1829-1897). The family lived initially at Ridgeway before moving to Mosborough around 1867. The 1871 Census records that William was employed as a miner. In 1874, he married Mary Elizabeth Hibbert (1853-1912), daughter of William Hibbert (1815-1876) of Troway, farmer and coal miner, and his wife, Elizabeth (nee Rotherham, 1823-1901) at the church of St. John, Ridgeway. The couple settled initially at Marsh Lane, Eckington, where the first of their ten children were born:Annie (1875-1876), baptised at St John’s, Ridgeway, on 17th April 1875 and buried there on 3rd May 1876, aged 14 months;Fred (1876-1923) was born on 12th November 1876 and baptised at St. John’s Ridgeway on 17th December 1876. He began work as a coal miner. He travelled to London and met and married Mabel Brotherton (1878-1980), youngest daughter of George Brotherton (1840-1921) of West Ham, Essex, sanitary foreman (pensioned), and his wife Mary (nee Wilson, 1838-1920). They lived at Stanmore in Middlesex, where Fred became a Sargent with the Metropolitan Police Force. The couple moved back to 53 Dronfield Road, Eckington. on Fred’s retirement, and he died there on 19th May 1923, aged 46. He was buried at Eckington Cemetery on 23rd May. Mabel died in Bradford in 1980, aged 102. They had one son, Horace (b. 1904).George William (1878-1949) was born on 7th October 1878 and baptised at St. John’s, Ridgeway, on 5th January 1879. He married Emilia Murphy (1871-1914) at Chesterfield in 1900, and the couple settled at 73 West Street, Eckington, where William was employed as a coal miner. By the time of the 1911 Census, they had moved to 63 Pearce Road, Darnall. George employed a young domestic servant, Vera Smith, aged 19, who was sent to jail for two months in 1913, for stealing a gold ring from him. Emilia died in Sheffield in 1914, aged 42, and George William died there in 1949, aged 70. They had two children.Gertrude Eleanor (1880-1956) was baptised at St. Peter and St. Paul parish church, Eckington, on 20th November 1881. She married sewing machine salesman, John James Bliss (b.1879) of Barrow Hill, son of James Bliss (1857-1937), railway guard, and his wife Ellen (nee Harris, 1860-1911) at St. Peter and St. Paul parish church, Eckington, on 2nd April 1900. The couple lived initially with Gertrude’s parents at 39 Station Road, Eckington, where their two children were born.Mary Elizabeth (1883-1934) was baptised at St Peter and St. Paul parish church, Eckington, on 25th March 1883. On 22nd March 1909, she married Robert Cargill (1882-1945) at St. Peter and St. Paul parish church, Eckington. The couple settled at Carcroft in Doncaster, where they had their only child, Oswald. Mary died there on 7th May 1934, aged 51, and was buried at All Saints churchyard, Owston. Robert died in January 1945, aged 62, and was buried with his wife at All Saints churchyard.Thomas (b.1885), baptised at Ridgeway on 17th May 1885; a coal miner aged 16 when living with his parents at 39 Station Road, Mosborough in 1901;Horace (1887-1952) was baptised at St. Peter and St. Paul parish church, Eckington, on 6th November 1887. A coal miner, aged 13, in the 1901 Census, he married Blanche Marsden (1889-1973) at Chesterfield in 1907. They lived first at Marsden Moor, Staveley, where the first of their children were born, before moving to Beech Road, Carcroft, Doncaster, where Horace was employed as a colliery roadman. Horace died there in 1962, aged 64, and Blanche died in 1973, aged 83. They had nine children;John Oswald (1890-1899) was baptised at St. Peter and St. Paul parish church, Eckington, on 14th September 1890. He died in 1899, aged 8, and was buried at Eckington Cemetery on 15th April of that year;Edgar (1892-1975) was born on 24th October 1892 and baptised at St. Peter and St. Paul parish church on 25th December 1892. He worked as a coal miner until the First World War when in 1914, he enlisted for the Derbyshire Yeomanry and joined the Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire Mounted Brigade serving in Egypt from April 1915. He was awarded the British and Victory Medals and Star on discharge at the end of the War and received a disability pension for three years after that. On his return to civilian life, he lived with family members at Skellow in Doncaster and in 1920 married Florence Roebuck (1893-1954) of Royston at Doncaster. The couple settled in Doncaster, where their only child William Edgar (1921-1990) was born. Florence died in 1954, aged 61, and Edgar died in 1975, aged 83.Ethel May (b. and d. 1895) was baptised at St. Peter and St. Paul parish church, Eckington on 25th August 1895 and was buried at Eckington Cemetery on 23rd November 1895, aged four months.The 1911 Census also reveals that the Duke William's next landlord was John Turner (1865-1940). John was born on 26th February 1865, the son of John Turner (1838-1910) of Mosborough, coal miner, and wife Mary (nee Stevenson, 1841-1904). He began his career as a coal miner but enlisted for the South Yorkshire Regiment at Pontefract in January 1885 at the age of 19. Promoted to corporal in February 1890 and Sargent in 1892, He took part in the Zhob Valley Expedition into Khiddarzai territory in the Indian North Western Frontier with Afghanistan in 1890, in all, eight years in India. During the Boer War, he was stationed in Malta, being in charge of a large force of men. In February 1897, he married Lily Pemberton (1875-1939), daughter of Walter Pemberton (1846-1901) of Gleadless, coal miner, and his wife Ann Elizabeth (nee Smith, 1849-1920), at Gleadless. The couple settled at the Tanshelf Barracks of the Kings Own Yorkshire Light Infantry at Pontefract in Yorkshire, where the first of their children were born. After serving almost 22 years in the Army, John became a customs officer at Goole in 1907, At the outbreak of the Great War, he rejoined his unit and received a promotion to Sargent Major's rank. In his attestation, he is described as an Inn Keeper, suggesting that he was still the landlord of Duke William in October 1914. He was discharged from the Kings Own Yorkshire Light Infantry Special Reserve in 1917 on health grounds. He was the holder of a long service medal, a good conduct medal, Queen Victoria medals and service awards of the Boer War and Great War. John and Lily had seven children:Thomas Edward (1897-1970) was born on 26th November 1897 at Pontefract and was baptised there on 2nd January 1898. On the family’s return to Mosborough, he became a pit pony driver but enlisted with the Kings Own Yorkshire Light Infantry at Sheffield in April 1915. He fought in France twice and in Italy. Twice promoted to Lance Corporal and twice relinquished at his own request, finally accepting the promotion in 1920, after discharge as no longer fit for military service. He received the British War Medal and the Victory Medal. After marrying Mabel Gertrude Beckers (1873-1975) of Heeley, Sheffield, in January 1921, he emigrated to Australia. He died at Heidelberg, Victoria, on 3rd July 1970, aged 72. Two children.Cissy (1899-1993) was born on 3rd June 1900 at Pontefract and baptised at St. Giles’ and St. Mary parish church, Pontefract, on 25th June 1899. She died at 21 Tivoli Place, Ilkley, Yorkshire, on 30th May 1993, aged 93. Merinda (1901-1989) was born at Gleadless on 4th July 1901 and baptised there on 28th July 1901. She married George Whalley of Tilston, Cheshire, at St. Peter and St. Paul parish church in 1929, and she died at Vale Royal, Cheshire, on 18th March 1989, aged 87.Lily (1903-1967) was born on 16th December 1903 and baptised at St. Giles’ and St. Mary parish church, Pontefract, on 3rd January 1904. On 16th September 1929, she married Frank Salt (1900-1983) of Grendon Fields Cottage, West Atherstone, Warwickshire, farmworker, at St. Peter and St. Paul parish church, Eckington. The couple lived in various places in Warwickshire and Leicestershire, during which Frank became a farm bailiff. Lily died in Worthing, Sussex, and she was buried at Littlehampton, West Sussex, on 16th March 1967, aged 63. Two children.John (1905-1957) was born on 25th August 1905 at Pontefract and baptised at St. Giles’ and St. Mary parish church, Pontefract, on 13th September 1905. John married Minnie Holland (1910-1999) of Staveley, Derbyshire, at Birmingham on 6th February 1932. They lived at 7 College Avenue, Staveley, where John was a colliery haulage hand. He died at Duckmanton, Derbyshire, on 8th November 1957, aged 52. No children.Adelaide (1907-2002) was born at Goole, Yorkshire, on 2nd November 1907. She married Sydney George Benson (1909-1993) of Rochford, Essex, gardener, at St. Andrew’s parish church, Rochford, on 23rd December 1933. The couple lived at Stroud Green, Rochford. Adelaide died at Southend-on-Sea in 1993, aged 83. No children.Annie Elizabeth (1913-1995) was born at Mosborough on 29th January 1913. She worked in munitions factories during the Second World War and married Lance Bombadier Frederick Lindley (1914-1971) at Brightside Parish Church, Sheffield, on 24th March 1945. She was given away at the wedding by her brother, John. Frederick had been in the Army for 13 years, having returned to England some twelve months previously after serving four years with the 8th Army. The couple settled at 24 Dronfield Road, Eckington. Frederick died on 24th August 1971, aged 57 years, but Annie continued living there until her death on 22nd October 1995, aged 82, after 80 years at the same address. Presumably, John Turnercould not focus entirely on his responsibilities as a licensee during the Great War, owing to his military commitments. The family probably left the Duke William shortly after war was declared. They moved to 24 Dronfield Road, Eckington, where John became a colliery storekeeper after being discharged from the Army as physically unfit for war service in December 1917. Lily died in 1939 at the Royal Hallamshire Hospital in Sheffield, aged 64, and was buried at Eckington Cemetery on 13th October 1939. John died a year or so later, aged 75, and was buried with his wife at Eckington Cemetery, on 19th December 1940; the Eckington Cemetery burial register describing him as a “Soldier”.From a report that appeared in 1916, it becomes apparent that Arthur Holgate Taylor (sic.) had become the next “landlord of the Duke William Inn, Mosborough”, when he was fined for permitting drunkenness on his premises. Arthur Taylor Holgate (1870-1934) was born in Mosborough in 1870, the son of Charles Taylor Holgate (1843-1910) of Mosborough, an ironworks labourer, and his wife Ann (nee Johnson, 1843-1910). The family lived at the newly-built properties at Halfway Houses, 13 Rotherham Road, Halfway, where Arthur began his career as a coal miner. On 16th February 1896, he married Emma Staton (1878-1932), daughter of Elijah Staton (1845-1920) of 6 High Street, Mosborough, carter, and his wife Sarah (nee Reddish, 1850-1915) at St Peter and St. Paul parish church, Eckington. The couple settled at 9 High Street, Mosborough, a few doors away from Emma’s parents, where they remained before moving to the Duke William, sometime before 1916.The year 1919 brought the sad news that their eldest daughter, Sarah Ann, had died, aged just 23. The following year, Emma’s father, Elijah Staton, who for some time had been living with the family, died at the Duke William. Arthur was listed in Kelly’s Directory as landlord of the Duke William in 1925 and 1928. The couple had four children:Sarah Ann (1896-1919) was born at Mosborough in 1896. She died on 6th September 1919 at Sheffield, Yorkshire, aged 23, with the married name of Newton;Edna Taylor (1899-1986) was born at Mosborough on 2nd June 1899. She married Lance Bombadier Herbert Marsden (1897-1971) of 29 Fenton Street, Eckington, a soldier with the 16th Service Batallion, The Sherwood Foresters (Chatsworth Rifles), at Chesterfield in 1917. Edna remained at the Duke William during Herbert’s military service, where their first child was born. After leaving the Army in 1919, Herbert worked as a furnaceman at a Sheffield steelworks, and the couple moved to 296 City Road, Sheffield. They retired to Pewsey in Wiltshire, where Herbert died in 1971. Edna died at Over Wallop, Hampshire, in June 1986, aged 87. Two children.Vincent Arthur Taylor (b. and d.1902), buried at Eckington Cemetery on 24th September 1902, aged five months. Joseph Gerald Taylor (1904-1980) was born at Mosborough on 28th June 1904. He married Evelyn Spooner (1903-1993) of Doe Lea, Ault Hucknall, Derbyshire, at Chesterfield in 1927. The couple lived at 17 Shirebrook Road, Bolsover, where Joseph was an oil refinery plant attendant. He died at Bolsover on 29th July 2009. One child.Arthur Holgate Taylor’s wife Emma died on 3rd March 1932, aged 53, and was buried at Eckington Cemetery on 5th March of that year. The couple lived at The Queen Hotel, High Street, Mosborough, suggesting that they must have left the Duke William sometime previously. Arthur died at 2 Amberley Street, Sheffield, on 5th March 1934, aged 64, and was buried with his wife at Eckington Cemetery on 8th March.It is presumed that James Whitbread (1870-1932) became the next landlord of the Duke William, as the Sheffield Daily Telegraph reported him dying there, rather suddenly, on 18th May 1932. The burial register at the Eckington Cemetery records his occupation as a publican, aged 62, of the Duke William Inn, Mosborough, and his burial date as 21st May 1932.James was baptised on the 13th November 1870 at the parish church of St. John the Baptist, Piddington, Northamptonshire, as James Farey, the son of Elizabeth Farey (1850-1920), just a month before Elizabeth married John Whitbread (1848-1898) of Piddington, farm labourer. In the 1871 Census, his parents named him James Whitbread. James lived with his parents, first at Piddington, and then by 1881, at Gumley in Leicestershire, where his father worked as a waggoner and farm labourer.In April 1891, James married hosiery worker Thirza Smith (1866-1902), second daughter of Job Smith (c.1829-1894), agricultural labourer, of Great Glen, Leicestershire, and his wife Anne (nee Goode, b. c.1831), at St. Cuthbert’s, Great Glen. At this time, James was a groom/coachman for Colonel John W. Chaplin of Kibworth Hall, Kibworth Harcourt, Leicestershire. It was here that the couple’s only child was born:Frederick Reginald (1891-1963), born on 9th September 1891, and baptised at St. Cuthbert’s, Great Glen on 28th September 1891. He was probably raised on the Kibworth Hall estate until his father joined the Imperial Yeomanry in 1900. He moved with his mother, Thirza, to 12 Cross Street, Oadby, Harborough, Leicestershire, where she worked as a hosiery sock pairer until she died in 1902. By 1911, he had enlisted for the Royal Hussars. He was listed in the Census of that year as a Private (Service No. 7102), stationed at the Military Barracks, Burniston Road, Scalby, Scarborough. He was assigned to the 10th Royal Hussars (Prince of Wales Own), a cavalry regiment, and was probably deployed to South Africa until the First World War. In February 1900, James Whitbread enlisted with the 65th Company of the Imperial Yeomanry. His service record describes him as five feet eleven inches tall, fourteen stones in weight, with a dark complexion, with blue eyes and black hair. He served for almost two years in the Boer Wars in South Africa and Rhodesia, achieving Corporal rank before discharge, at his own request, in January 1902. His conduct and character were described as “very good”. Perhaps he asked to leave owing to the illness or death of his wife, Thirza, who died at Harborough in early 1902, aged 35.On discharge, he had secured the coachman's post at Eastwood Grange, Ashover, for William Chesterman, J.P., (1837-1930), measuring equipment manufacturer, and a former Master Cutler. He received a legacy of ?100 on Chesterman’s death in 1930, on condition that he was still in his service as a chauffeur at that time. It was probably then that he moved to the Duke William. After Thirza died in 1902, James married twice more. His second wife, Emma (1861-1930), about whom little is known, died at the Duke William on the 7th August 1930 “after much suffering,” and was buried at Eckington Cemetery four days later, aged 69.In 1931, James married Edith Sarah Perkins (1902-1958) at Chesterfield. She was the daughter of William Henry Perkins (1865-1941), of Pye Bridge, Alfreton, railway signalman, and his wife Elizabeth Emily (nee Tustin, 1867-1938). Sadly, James died at the Duke William a year later and was buried at Eckington Cemetery on 21st May 1932, aged 62 years. During the earlier part of the twentieth Century, the Duke William had been chosen to host the occasional property auction and charity lunch. The Sheffield Harriers' Mosborough branch held their club runs and other events from there in the 1920s. It was the Duke William Fishing Association's home from 1903 and the Duke William Football Club, affiliated to the Holbrook and District Football League.For the next few years after James Whitbread’s death, the Duke William was managed by his widow, Edith, assisted by her parents, William and Elizabeth Perkins, who had moved into the property, perhaps after James Whitbread died in 1932. Her mother, Elizabeth, died there in 1938 and was buried at Eckington Cemetery on 10th June 1938, aged 72.In 1935, Tennant Brothers Limited issued a formal notice of their intention to remove the “licence held by Edith Sarah Whitbread of the Duke William, Duke Street, Mosborough” and transfer it to land owned by them in Beighton. The following month the Eckington Petty Sessions approved the licence's removal upon surrender of the licences for the Coach and Horses, Eckington and the Brown Cow, Mosborough. However, the Derbyshire Licencing Committee did not approve the removal of the licence from the Duke William. Edith continued to hold the licence until some time after her father died there on 23rd July 1941.Sadly, it has not been possible to discover any further information regarding the Duke William in the period up to its closure in 2009. It has been suggested that Harry Bell was the landlord in 1954, but this had not been confirmed. ................
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