Bilingual Assessment: Practices and procedures for dual ...
The
Culture-Language Interpretive Matrix (C-LIM)
Samuel O. Ortiz, Ph.D. and Dawn P. Flanagan, Ph.D.
St. John’s University
Vincent C. Alfonso, Ph.D.
Gonzaga University
Cultural and Linguistic Classification of Tests Addressing Bias in Test Validity and Interpretation
Pattern of Expected Performance of
Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Children
General Guidelines for Expected Patterns of Test Performance for Diverse Individuals
Degree of Linguistic Demand
| |Low |Moderate |High |
|Low | | | |
| |Slightly Different: 3-5 points |Slightly Different: 5-7 points |Slightly Different: 7-10 points |
| | | | |
| |Moderately Different: 5-7 points |Moderately Different: 7-10 points |Moderately Different: 10-15 points |
| | | | |
| |Markedly Different: 7-10 points |Markedly Different: 10-15 points |Markedly Different: 15-20 points |
|Moderate| | | |
| |Slightly Different: 5-7 points |Slightly Different: 7-10 points |Slightly Different: 10-15 points |
| | | | |
| |Moderately Different: 7-10 points |Moderately Different: 10-15 points |Moderately Different: 15-20 points |
| | | | |
| |Markedly Different: 10-15 points |Markedly Different: 15-20 points |Markedly Different: 20-25 points |
|High | | | |
| |Slightly Different: 7-10 points |Slightly Different: 10-15 points |Slightly Different: 15-20 points |
| | | | |
| |Moderately Different: 10-15 points |Moderately Different: 15-20 points |Moderately Different: 20-30 points |
| | | | |
| |Markedly Different: 15-20 points |Markedly Different: 20-25 points |Markedly Different: 25-35 points |
Slightly Different: Includes individuals with high levels of English language proficiency (e.g., advanced BICS/emerging CALP) and high acculturation, but still not entirely comparable to mainstream U.S. English speakers. Examples include individuals who have resided in the U.S. for more than 7 years or who have parents with at least a high school education, and who demonstrate native-like proficiency in English language conversation and solid literacy skills.
Moderately Different: Includes individuals with moderate levels of English language proficiency (e.g., intermediate to advanced BICS) and moderate levels of acculturation. Examples include individuals who have resided in the U.S. for 3-7 years and who have learned English well enough to communicate, but whose parents are limited English speakers with only some formal schooling, and improving but below grade level literacy skills.
Markedly Different: Includes individuals with low to very low levels of English language proficiency (e.g., early BICS) and low or very low levels of acculturation. Examples include individuals who recently arrived in the U.S. or who may have been in the U.S. 3 years or less, with little or no prior formal education, who are just beginning to develop conversational abilities and whose literacy skills are also just emerging.
|Percent|Deviation IQ |T-Score |Wechsler Scaled Score |
|ile | | | |
|Rank | | | |
|LOW |Test Name: Score: |Test Name: Score: |Test Name: Score: |
| |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |
| |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |
| |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |
| |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |
| |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |
| |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |
| |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |
| | | | |
| |Cell Average = |Cell Average = |Cell Average = |
|MODERAT|Test Name: Score: |Test Name: Score: |Test Name: Score: |
|E |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |
| |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |
| |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |
| |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |
| |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |
| |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |
| |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |
| | | | |
| |Cell Average = |Cell Average = |Cell Average = |
|HIGH |Test Name: Score: |Test Name: Score: |Test Name: Score: |
| |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |
| |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |
| |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |
| |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |
| |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |
| |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |
| |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |___________________________(______) |
| | | | |
| |Cell Average = |Cell Average = |Cell Average = |
-----------------------
DEGREE OF LINGUISTIC DEMAND
DEGREE OF CULTURAL LOADING
DIFFERENCES)
CULTURAL & LANGUAGE
(COMBINED EFFECT OF
MOST AFFECTED
PERFORMANCE
CULTURAL DIFFERENCE
INCREASING EFFECT OF
HIGH
MODERATE
LANGUAGE DIFFERENCE
INCREASING EFFECT OF
LEAST AFFECTED
PERFORMANCE
LOW
HIGH
MODERATE
LOW
Degree of Cultural Loading
Percentile Rank and Standard Score Conversion Table
DEGREE OF CULTURAL LOADING
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