PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply Engineering ...



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|CONTROLLED DIST. LIST | |

|1 | |16 | |ANTARCTIC ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS |

|2 | |17 | |RESEARCH INSTITUTE |

|3 | |18 | |THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN - MADISON, WISCONSIN |

|4 | |19 | |TITLE |

|5 | |20 | |ICECUBE |

|6 | |21 | |PMT MODULAR HIGH VOLTAGE POWER SUPPLY |

|7 | |22 | |REQUIREMENTS DOCUMENT |

|8 | |23 | |ORIGINATOR |DATE |ENGINEER |

|10 | |25 | |LEVEL 2/LEAD |DATE |PRODUCT ASSURANCE |

|12 | |27 | |FILENAME |PROJECT NO. |

|13 | |28 | |9400-0016-ERD.050828.doc |9000 |

|14 | |29 | |DRAWING NO. |SCALE |SIZE |SHEET |

|15 | |30 | |9400-0016-ERD |NA |A |Page 1 of 28 |

Table of Contents

1 INTRODUCTION 5

1.1 Purpose 5

1.2 Scope 5

1.3 Responsibility and Records 5

1.3.1 Document Responsibility 5

1.3.2 Document and Verification Records 5

1.4 Item’s Function in the IceCube System 5

2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 6

2.1 Government Requirements 6

2.2 University Policy Requirements 6

2.3 Industry Requirements 6

2.4 Certifications and Approvals 6

2.5 Project Requirements 6

2.6 Reference Documents 7

2.7 Order of Precedence 7

3 REQUIREMENTS 8

3.1 Item Identification 8

3.1.1 Definition 8

3.1.2 Functional Description 8

3.1.3 Functional Block Diagram 8

3.1.4 Functional External Interfaces 9

3.2 Performance Requirements 10

3.2.1 Functional Requirements 10

3.2.2 Electrical Requirements 11

3.2.3 Mechanical Requirements 17

3.2.4 External Interface Requirements 18

3.2.5 Environmental Requirements 20

3.2.6 Storage 22

3.3 Design and Construction Requirements 23

3.3.1 Parts Temperature Rating 23

3.3.2 Parts Voltage Rating 23

3.3.3 High Voltage Generator Modularity 23

3.3.4 Printed Circuit Boards 23

3.3.5 Restricted Parts, Materials and Processes 24

3.3.6 Reliability 24

3.3.7 Manufacturability 24

3.3.8 Workmanship 24

3.4 Quality Requirements 24

4 VERIFICATION 25

4.1 Responsibility 25

4.2 Special Tests and Examinations 25

4.3 Requirement vs. Verification Cross Reference with Section 3 25

5 PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY 25

5.1 Identification Nameplates and Marking 25

5.1.1 Part and Serial Numbers 25

5.1.2 Nameplate 25

5.1.3 Cable and Connector ID Tags 25

5.2 Acceptance Inspection and Tests 25

5.3 Packaging 25

5.4 Recording Sensors 25

5.5 Crating 25

5.6 Labeling 25

5.7 Shipping 25

6 DEFINITIONS 26

6.1 IceCube Acronyms 26

1. INTRODUCTION

1. Purpose

This IceCube Engineering Requirements Document (ERD) specifies the functional, constraint, and verification requirements for the PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply Configuration Item (CI) including the source traceability (justification) for each requirement.

2. Scope

This requirements document shall be applicable to the design, development, integration, verification, production, logistics, field deployment and disposal of the PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply.

3. Responsibility and Records

1. Document Responsibility

The IceCube Project of the Antarctic Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Institute (AAAIR) at the University of Wisconsin – Madison (UW) is responsible for writing and updating these requirements to ensure they are correct, complete and current. UW AAARI Quality Assurance is responsible for ensuring this document and changes to it are properly reviewed, approved and maintained.

2. Document and Verification Records

Records of this document and associated verification and qualification records shall be maintained as follows:

a. The approved and signed original of this document shall be maintained per UW AAARI 9000-0004, Document Management Process.

b. Changes to this document shall be via Engineering Change Notices (ECN's) as described in UW AAARI 9000-0004, Document Management Process.

c. Verification records shall be maintained as described in Section 4 of this document in compliance with UW AAARI 9000-0003, IceCube Quality Plan.

4. Item’s Function in the IceCube System

The PMT (Photomultiplier Tube) Modular High Voltage (HV) Power Supply is an adjustable modular two-printed circuit board (PCB) power supply that creates and supplies approximately 2000 volts maximum anode bias and multiple dynode bias voltages to the PMT inside each Digital Optical Module (DOM). These multiple high voltages provide acceleration and focusing of electrons inside the PMT that flow in response to impinging photons from a nearby photonic event. This PMT electron flow is the critical sole detection mechanism for the IceCube system. By digital control a range of high voltages can be commanded that adjust the PMT for different photon sensitivities. There are 5120 Digital Optical Modules in the IceCube system, each containing a PMT Modular HV Power Supply. The IceCube system has 4800 DOMs deployed over a kilometer deep in the Antarctic ice with 320 additional DOMs installed on the ice surface, all used for scientific research.

2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

The following documents of the exact issue shown are applicable requirements for this Configuration Item only to the extent they are invoked by specific requirements herein.

1. Government Requirements

[TBD]

2. University Policy Requirements

[TBD]

3. Industry Requirements

[TBD]

4. Certifications and Approvals

[TBD]

5. Project Requirements

a. PMT Modular HV Power Supply Engineering Requirements Document, 9400-0016-ERD

b. PMT HV Generator Source Control Drawing, 9400-0068-SCD (Rev -)

c. PMT HV Base Board Specification Control Drawing, 9400-0028-SCD

d. PMT HV Power Supply Interface Control Document, 9400-0016-ICD

e. PMT HV Control Board Schematic, 9400-0027-SCH (Rev A)

f. PMT HV Control Board Ribbon Cable Assembly Drawing, 9400-0022-DWG (Rev -)

g. PMT HV Control Board Fabrication Drawing, 9400-0027-DWG2 (Rev A)

h. PMT HV Control Board Assembly Drawing, 9400-0027-DWG (Rev A)

i. PMT HV Control Board Functional Test Setup and Procedure, 9400-0027-TEST (Rev A)

6. Reference Documents

a. JESD8-B, “Interface Standard for Nominal 3 V/3.3 V Supply Digital Integrated Circuits”, JEDEC Solid State Technology Association, September 1999.

b. IPC-2221, §6.3 Electrical Clearance, “B-4 External Conductors with Permanent Polymer Coating”

c. “Book of iButton Standards”, Dallas Semiconductor Corporation, Application Notes Number 937, January, 2002.

d. MIL-HDBK-217F (N1/2) “Parts Stress and Analysis method”

e. IPC-A-600F “Acceptability of Printed Boards”

f. IPC-6012 “Qualification and Performance Specification for Rigid Printed Boards”

g. IPC-A-610C “Acceptability of Electronic Assemblies”

h. MIL-B-81705 “Barrier Materials, Flexible, Electrostatic-Free, Heat Sealable”

i. Hamamatsu PMT Datasheet, R7081-02, Rev Nov. 12, 2003

7. Order of Precedence

Conflicts within this document shall be resolved as directed by the IceCube System Engineer in collaboration with the Project Lead responsible for this Design Item.

Conflicts between other documents as they relate to or impact this document shall be resolved as directed by the IceCube Project Manager in collaboration with the IceCube System Engineer.

3. REQUIREMENTS

1. Item Identification

1. Definition

The PMT (Photomultiplier Tube) Modular High Voltage (HV) Power Supply is a modular two-printed circuit board (PCB) 2000 volt high voltage power supply with a digitally controlled and adjustable output, mounted inside a Digital Optical Module (DOM). The Power Supply consists of the High Voltage Control Board and the High Voltage Base Board.

2. Functional Description

The PMT (Photomultiplier Tube) Modular High Voltage (HV) Power Supply is an adjustable power supply that creates and supplies approximately 2000 volts DC anode bias to the PMT inside each Digital Optical Module (DOM). The PMT Modular HV Power Supply also supplies multiple DC bias high voltages to the PMT dynodes and focusing electrodes. The high voltages provide energy for e-fields inside the PMT that control the flow of electrons in response to impinging photons from a nearby photonic event. The PMT Modular HV Power Supply also provides functional monitoring for diagnostic voltage measurements and a transformer coupled circuit for extracting the analog output signal from the PMT anode.

3. Functional Block Diagram

The following block diagram illustrates the functional relationships of the PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply with the DOM Main Board and the PMT in the IceCube system.

[pic]

Figure 1 Block Diagram of the PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply

4. Functional External Interfaces

The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply has seven external functional interfaces:

a. Power input from the DOM Main Board

b. Bidirectional digital command, control, and monitoring to and from the DOM Main Board

c. Analog anode signal input from the PMT

d. PMT analog anode signal output to the DOM Main Board

e. High voltage outputs to the PMT’s anode, dynodes, and focusing electrodes

f. Structural mounting of the HV Base Board by attachment to the PMT pins

g. Structural mounting of the HV Control Board by attachment to the Flasher Board

These interfaces are illustrated in Figure 1.

2. Performance Requirements

1. Functional Requirements

1. High Voltage Generation

The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall generate a series of high voltages for the individual dynodes, focusing electrodes and the anode of the PMT, using the power provided by the DOM Main Board.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Preliminary Design Document (PDD), Section 7.2, Digital Optical Module, the main point being that the high voltage is generated inside the DOM rather than sent down from the surface.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection and demonstration

2. PMT Signal Output

The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall transfer the anode signal pulses from the PMT to the DOM Main Board through a coaxial cable.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Coaxial cable is a straightforward way of implementing an impedance-controlled transmission line that transfers the PMT pulses with high fidelity.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

3. Command Response

The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall respond to the digital control commands issued by the DOM Main Board for High Voltage on/off and for the adjustment of the high voltages.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Preliminary Design Document (PDD), Section 7.2, Figure 65

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Test

4. High Voltage Readings Output

The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall provide a digital reading output of the values of the high voltage to the DOM Main Board upon request.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Document review () and the subsequent telephone conference on October 3, 2002.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Test

5. Board Identification Output

The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall provide digital board identification information output to the DOM Main Board upon request.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Justification comes from the LBNL group responsible for DAQ design.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Test

2. Electrical Requirements

1. Input Voltage

1. +5 Volts DC

The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall receive a power input voltage of +5 VDC ±5%.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

This requirement comes from one of the earliest drafts of this document authored by DOMMB designer.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Test

2. –5 Volts DC

The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall receive a power input voltage of -5 VDC ±5%.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Same as the previous subsection.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Test

2. Input Current

1. +5 Volts Input Current

The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply input current for +5 Volt power shall not exceed 70 mA.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

If the maximum steady state power is drawn only from the +5V source, the stated value results. This is NOT an in-rush limit.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Test

2. –5 Volts Input Current

The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply input current for -5 Volt power shall not exceed 30 mA.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

This requirement allows a variant implementation that requires nearly one half of the total steady state power to be drawn from the -5V source. This is NOT an in-rush limit.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Test

3. Input Power

The total input power to the PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall not exceed 350 mW [TBR].

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

{enter the traceability answer here}

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Test

4. Internal Power Distribution

The majority of the power shall be utilized for generating the high voltage output, and the power consumption by the monitoring and control circuitry shall be minimized. The PMT Base bleeder current shall likewise be minimized to the extent that all the functional performance requirements are satisfied.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Power is a critical resource of the DOM.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

5. Internal Grounds

1. Analog Grounds

1. HV Control Board Analog Ground

The analog signal ground on the HV Control Board shall be referenced bythe ground (low side) pin(s) and the metal case of the High Voltage Generator and the ground pin(s) of the DAC, ADC, and the voltage reference device (if present). Said analog ground shall be connected to the DOM Main Board interface connector pin(s) designated as DGND at a single point.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

This is a standard practice to achieve low noise analog ground.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

2. HV Base Board Analog Ground

The analog signal ground on the HV Base Board shall be referenced by and connected to the PMT cathode, the HV negative line from the HV generator on the HV Control Board, and the ground end of all grounded capacitors and resistors.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

This is the standard, correct usage of a PMT.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

2. PMT Cathode Ground Reference

The PMT cathode shall be at ground of the PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply. The PMT anode shall be at positive high voltage output of the PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

There is a strong consensus that this is a requirement. Source: IceCube.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

3. Digital and Power Grounds

Digital and power grounds shall be as one on the HV Control Board and connected to the DOM Main Board interface connector pin(s) designated as DGND.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Infrequent and slow digital communication does not require a dedicated digital ground.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

6. PMT Anode High Voltage Generation

1. Adjustable Voltage Range

The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall output a voltage that is adjustable over a minimum range of 1000 to 2047 Volts DC to be applied to the PMT anode.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

This matches the normal operating voltage range of the PMT.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Test

2. Minimum Adjustment Voltage

The low end of the adjustable anode voltage range shall not be greater than 800 VDC.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Certain DOMs, IceTop DOMs, in particular, must operate with intentionally low gain.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Test

3. Maximum Adjustment Voltage

The high end of the adjustable anode voltage range shall not exceed 2100 VDC.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

The PMT has a maximum operating voltage of 2200V (cathode-to-anode voltage).

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Test

4. Voltage Adjustment DAC Resolution

The DAC used for digitally setting the anode voltage shall have a 12-bit resolution.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

The required PMT gain accuracy and the commercial availability of the DAC device naturally lead to this requirement.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

5. Voltage Adjustment Linearity

The digital command code value and the corresponding analog anode voltage value shall have a linear relationship in the voltage range specified in 3.2.2.6.1 with a slope of 0.5 Volts ± 0.003 Volts per bit.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

The HV Generator has the slope accuracy of ±0.5% over 20 to 100% of full scale (Sec. 3.2.2.5.3, 9400-0068-SCD). The DAC contributes ±0.1% off error (±4 LSB integral linearity error).

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Analysis

7. High Voltage Quality

1. Voltage Stability

The drift rate for the voltage across cathode and anode shall be less than 4 V/week during in-ice operation. (i.e. The maximum excursion over any given 1 week period shall be less than 4V.)

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

The gain-voltage relationship of the PMT is a power law of the form G ~ VB, where B ranges from 8 to 10, depending on the PMT. Assuming the worst case with B=10, a 2% change in gain would require a voltage stability of dV/V = (1/B)(dG/G) = 0.2%, and consequently, a dV of several volt. (Where does the “2%” come from?)

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Test

2. Anode Voltage Ripple (Noise)

The ripple voltage observed at the output of the secondary of the anode signal-coupling transformer shall not exceed 0.5mVpp when the output is terminated with a 100 Ω resistor.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

The rule of thumb being applied is that the trigger threshold for the system should be about 1/3rd of the amplitude of an SPE (5mV), and that the systematic noise should be a small contribution to the triggering at that threshold.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Test

8. Anode Voltage Monitoring

1. Voltage Monitoring Output

There shall be a provision for monitoring the anode voltage using an ADC and transmitting its value to the DOM Main Board as a digital code.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

This is a DOM engineering requirement.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

2. Voltage Monitoring ADC Resolution

The ADC used for monitoring the anode voltage shall have a 12-bit resolution.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Required PMT gain accuracy and the commercial availability of the ADC device lead to this requirement.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

3. Voltage Monitoring Linearity

The monitored anode voltage and the corresponding digital value shall have a linear relationship in the voltage range specified in 3.2.2.6.1 with a slope of 0.5 V ± 0.0005 Volts per bit.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

This comes from the PMT gain accuracy requirement. This requirement mainly imposes limits on the accuracy of the High Voltage Generator’s analog monitor output.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Test and Analysis

9. Anode Current Sourcing Capability

1. Current Sourcing at Minimum Operating Temperature

The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall provide a DC anode current sourcing capability of a minimum of 12 nA, at the minimum operating temperature specified herein, as determined by the output anode voltage changing less than 10V as the current is varied from zero to the specified minimum current.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

The DC current requirement is obtained by assuming the PMT gain of 5E7, the average number of photoelectrons giving rise to the anode pulse of 1.5, and the worst-case noise rate of 1 kHz in deep-ice (minimum operating temperature) and 20 kHz at room temperature (maximum operating temperature).

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Test

2. Current Sourcing at Maximum Operating Temperature

The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall provide a DC anode current sourcing capability of a minimum of 240 nA, at the maximum operating temperature specified herein, as determined by the output anode voltage changing less than 10V as the current is varied from zero to the specified minimum current.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

See 3.2.2.9.1. This requirement is necessary for testing the DOM at room temperature.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Test

3. Pulsed Current Sourcing

The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall provide an anode current sourcing capability of a minimum of 100 mA for a single 1 μsec square-pulse, at the minimum operating temperature specified herein, as determined by the output anode voltage changing less than 10V when the current is changed from zero to the specified pulse current during the pulse time.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

The pulse current requirement is meant to assure the dynamic range supporting all pulses that are realistically possible in the ice. (The Hamamatsu PMT supports up to 70 mA of anode current (see Hamamatsu PMT datasheet under “Pulse linearity” specification) and we don’t want the PMT Base board to be the bottleneck of any physical measurements.)

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Test

10. Pulse Transfer AC-Characteristics [TBR]

The anode pulse-to-DOM Main Board transfer function shall have a lower frequency cut-off of less than 8kHz and a higher frequency cut-off of greater than 100 MHz [TBR].

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

The photonic response requirements: less than 5 % droop over 1 usec requires the low cut-off frequency of 8kHz or less; and pulse rise time of less than [??] nsec requires the high cut-off frequency of [xxx] MHz or higher.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Test

11. PMT Dynode and Focus Voltages

The PMT dynode voltages and focussing voltages shall be as defined in PMT High Voltage Base Board Specification Control Drawing (9400-0028-SCD).

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Hamamatsu PMT R7081-02 datasheet (November 12, 2003, Hamamatsu Photonics, K.K., Hamamatsu, Japan).

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Test

12. Dynode Damping Resistors

A resistor that is designed to minimize corona from its body in its mounting location shall be placed in series with each of the last dynodes (Dy8, Dy9 and Dy10) and their corresponding high-voltage sources. Said resistors shall have a value of 100Ω ± 5%, rated at a minimum of 1/16 Watt.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

The necessity for the damping resistor is demonstrated by data shown at: “IceCube PMT testing Phase 2, August 2002” at . The type of resistors must be consistent with the safe high-voltage design. The resistor value is a minimum necessary to attain sufficient damping; a much greater value would worsen the pulse-response bandwidth of the HV Base Board.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

3. Mechanical Requirements

1. Size

1. HV Control Board Component Envelope

The HV Control Board shall meet the component envelope requirements defined in 3.2.3.1 Overall Size and Volume Constraints of PMT HV Control Board Specification Control Drawing (9400-0027-SCD).

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Derived from DOM engineering requirements.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

2. HV Base Board Component Envelope

The HV Base Board shall meet the component envelope requirements defined in Section_xxx Section_title_xxx of PMT HV Base Board Specification Control Drawing (9400-0028-SCD).

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Derived from DOM engineering requirements.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

2. Weight

1. HV Control Board Weight

The HV Control Board shall weigh no more than 100 [TBR] grams.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Derived from DOM engineering requirements. The actual unit in use (PY3) weighs approximately 85 grams.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

2. HV Base Board Weight

The PMT HV Base Board shall weigh no more than [TBD] grams.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Derived from DOM engineering requirements.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

4. External Interface Requirements

1. Electric Power

The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall receive all of its electric power from the DOM Main Board via conductors in the interface cable between the DOM Main Board and the HV Control Board.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Derived from DOM engineering requirements.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

2. Analog Signals

(TBD)

3. Digital Signals

The voltage and timing of the digital signals shall be according to the 3.3V CMOS standard, defined in JESD8-B, “Interface Standard for Nominal 3 V/3.3 V Supply Digital Integrated Circuits”, JEDEC Solid State Technology Association, September 1999.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Derived from DOMMB design requirements. The DOMMB side device for all digital signal exchange is a CPLD conforming to this signal standard.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

4. External Ground

Grounding external to the PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply is solely to the DOM Main Board (DOMMB) by way of the DOMMB-to-HV Control Board interface ribbon cable. (Specifically, there shall be no grounding path to the Flasher Board.)

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Derived from DOM engineering requirements.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

5. Interconnections

1. Interconnections--HV Control Board to DOM Main Board

1. Cabling Medium

The HV Control Board shall have all electrical connections with the DOM Main Board through a multi-conductor ribbon cable assembly, defined in DOM PMT HV Power Supply Control Board Interface Ribbon Cable Assembly (9400-0022-DWG).

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

{enter the traceability answer}

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

2. Signal Duplication

Each signal, ground and power in the PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply HV Control Board to DOM Main Board cable shall have two conductors allocated to it.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

The requirement is intended to increase the reliability, since most common failure mode of a ribbon connector is an “open connection”.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

3. Signal Assignments and Connector Pinouts

Signal assignments to the ribbon cable conductors and connector pinouts shall be as defined in Section 3.2.4.6.3 of the HV Control Board Specification Control Drawing (9400-0027-SCD).

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Derived from DOM engineering requirements.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

2. Interconnections--HV Control Board to PMT HV Base Board

The high voltage output of the HV Control Board shall be connected to the PMT HV Base Board through a single coaxial cable with a minimum voltage rating of 5 kVDC.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

A minimum high voltage derating factor of two is being applied as required by System Engineering.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

3. Interconnections—PMT Pulse Output to DOM Main Board

The PMT pulse signal output of the PMT HV Base Board shall be carried to the DOM Main Board using the coaxial cable assembly, defined in DOM PMT HV Base Board Pulse Output Cable Drawing (9400-0198-DWG).

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Derived from DOM engineering requirements.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

4. Interconnections—PMT HV Base Board to PMT

The PMT HV Base Board shall have plated-through holes for mounting on the PMT with the hole pattern, locations, and signal assignment as defined in the PMT HV Base Board Specification Control Drawing (9400-0028-SCD).

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

This is required for the correct opertion of the PMT and is derived from the PMT datasheet and suplementary drawings from Hamamatsu.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

6. Mounting Points

1. HV Control Board Mounting Points

The HV Control Board shall have mounting screw holes with size and locations as defined in HV Control Board Specification Control Drawing (9400-0027-SCD).

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Derived from DOM engineering requirements.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection / demonstration

2. HV Base Board PMT Collar Positioning Pins Clearance

The HV Base Board shall have component keepout areas as defined in PMT HV Base Board Specification Control Drawing (9400-0028-SCD).

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Derived from DOM engineering requirements.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

5. Environmental Requirements

1. Temperature

1. Operating Temperature

The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall meet all performance requirements when operating over an ambient temperature range of –40 °C to +27 °C.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Derived from DOM engineering requirements.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Test

2. Non-Operating Temperature

The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall withstand a non-operating temperature range of [TBD] °C to [TBD] °C for a period up to [TBD] months without any degradation in performance.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Derived from DOM engineering requirements for non-operating temperature in deep ice.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Test

3. Storage / Transport Temperature

The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall withstand a storage and transport temperature range of –55 °C to +45 °C for a period of [TBD] months without any degradation in performance.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Derived from DOM engineering requirements.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Test

2. Pressure

1. Operating Pressure

The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall meet all performance requirements while operating at 1 atmosphere in air or while operating inside a pressure vessel with a sustained internal nitrogen gas pressure of 40,000 Pa to 100,000 Pa.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Derived from DOM engineering requirements.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Test

2. Non-Operating Pressure

The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall withstand a non-operating atmospheric pressure in nitrogen gas of 40,000 to 100,000 Pa for a period up to [TBD] months without any degradation in performance.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Derived from DOM engineering requirements.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Analysis

3. Storage/Transport Pressure

The PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall withstand a storage and transport atmospheric pressure in air or in Nitrogen gas of 40,000 to 100,000 Pa for a period up to [TBD] months without any degradation in performance.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Derived from DOM engineering requirements.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Analysis

3. Thermal Shock

[TBD]

4. Mechanical Shock and Vibration

[TBD]

5. Electromagnetic Interference/Compatibility

[TBD]

6. Electrostatic Discharge

[TBD]

7. Humidity

[TBD]

8. Radioactivity

[TBD]

6. Storage

[TBD]

3. Design and Construction Requirements

1. Parts Temperature Rating

All parts and materials used in the PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall meet the lowest operating temperature of –55(C, as specified by the component manufacturer, as long as parts in question are readily availale for the operating temperature of –55(C or lower. The vendor of the PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall supply IceCube with a list of electrical components used that do not meet the –55(C or lower operating temperature.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Derived from DOM engineering requirements.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

2. Parts Voltage Rating

All electrical parts subject to high voltage load shall be derated at least by a factor of two.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

System Engineering requirements.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

3. High Voltage Generator Modularity

The High Voltage Generator shall be a self-contained metal-shielded module requiring only input power and control signals to deliver high voltage via a pigtail output cable. It shall be designed for direct solder to the HV Control Board at its mounting pins carrying only low voltages.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

This is the basic concept of Modular High Voltage Power Supply.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

4. Printed Circuit Boards

1. Minimum Trace Spacing

The circuit traces on the PMT HV Base Board shall have spacings at least a factor of two greater than what is required by the minimum trace spacings rule defined in IPC-2221, §6.3 Electrical Clearance, “B-4 External Conductors with Permanent Polymer Coating”.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

The extra factor of two was recommended by S. Ellington.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection and analysis

2. Manual Soldering Compatibility

The PMT HV Power Supply printed circuit board designs shall be compatible with the increased temperature during manual soldering of the HV Generator and PMT pins.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

Accessibility and temperature resistance are required to reliably accomplish manual installation.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Analysis and Demonstration

3. Conformal Coating

The HV Base Board shall be conformally coated.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

System Engineering (George Anderson) recommendation at Preliminary Design Review, June 2003, stated: For higher reliability it is normal engineering and industry practice to clean and conformal coat all high voltage circuit boards. Maintaining PCB surface cleanliness with conformal coating (handling fingerprints, airborne gases and particles, etc.) prevents long term surface leakage paths that degrade high resistance circuits. Conformal coating also reduces the electric field gradient near sharp solder points and conductor edges that otherwise contribute to degraded surface conductivity and corrosive ionization.

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

5. Restricted Parts, Materials and Processes

[TBD]

6. Reliability

7. Manufacturability

8. Workmanship

4. Quality Requirements

4. VERIFICATION

1. Responsibility

2. Special Tests and Examinations

3. Requirement vs. Verification Cross Reference with Section 3

5. PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY

1. Identification Nameplates and Marking

1. Part and Serial Numbers

Each of the HV Control Boards and the HV Base Boards or the PMT Modular High Voltage Power Supply shall be indelibly and legibly marked with its part number, revision, serial number and manufacture date code.

REQUIREMENT’S SOURCE OR JUSTIFICATION:

{enter the traceability answer}

VERIFICATION METHOD:

Inspection

2. Nameplate

3. Cable and Connector ID Tags

2. Acceptance Inspection and Tests

3. Packaging

4. Recording Sensors

5. Crating

6. Labeling

7. Shipping

6. DEFINITIONS

1. IceCube Acronyms

|AAARI |Antarctic Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Institute |

|ADC |Analog-to-Digital Converter |

|ATWD |Analog Transient Waveform Digitizer |

|AWG |American Wire Gauge |

|BNC | |

|CC |Conformal Coating |

|CLK |Clock |

|cm |Centimeter |

|CMOS |Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor |

|C of C |Certificate of Conformance |

|CONUS |Continental US |

|CPLD |Complex Programmable Logic Device |

|CRC |Cyclic Redundancy Check |

|CS0 |Chip-select bit 1 |

|CS1 |Chip-select bit 0 |

|CY |Calendar Year |

|DAC |Digital-to-Analog Converter |

|DAQ |Data Acquisition System |

|DC |Direct Current |

|DFL |Dark Freezer Laboratory |

|DGND |Digital Ground |

|DOM |Digital Optical Module |

|DOMMB |Digital Optical Module Main Board |

|DV |Design Verification |

|ECN |Engineering Change Notice |

|EIA |Electronics Industries Alliance |

|EM |Electromagnetic |

|EMC |Electromagnetic Compatibility |

|EMI |Electromagnetic Interference |

|ERD |Engineering Requirements Document |

|ESD |Electrostatic Discharge |

|ESS |Environmental Stress Screening |

|FADC |Flash ADC |

|FAT |Final Acceptance Test |

|FMECA |Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis |

|FPGA |Field Programmable Gate Array |

|ft |Feet |

|g |Gram |

|GPS |Global Positioning System |

|HV |High Voltage |

|Hz |Hertz |

|ICD |Interface Control Document |

|ICT |In-circuit Tester |

|ID |Inside Diameter |

|IDC |Insulation Displacement Connector |

|IPC |Institute for Interconnecting and Packaging Electronic Circuits |

|JTAG | |

|K |Kilo (103) |

|Kg |Kilogram |

|LED |Light-Emitting Diode |

|LSB |Least Significant Bit |

|m |Meter / Milli (10-3) |

|M |Mega (106) |

|mA |Milliampere |

|MKS |Meter-kilogram-second |

|mm |Millimeter |

|MISO |Master-In-Slave-Out |

|MOSI |Master-Out-Slave-In |

|MSB |Most Significant Bit |

|MOTE |Mother Of All Tests |

|MTTCF |Mean-Time-To-Critical-Failure |

|MTTF |Mean-Time-To-Failure |

|mV |Millivolt |

|mW |Milliwatt |

|n |Nano (10-9) |

|nm |Nano meter |

|ns |Nano second |

|OD |Outside Diameter |

|OM |Optical Module |

|oz |Ounce |

|p |Pico (10-12) |

|Pa |Pascal |

|PCTS |Physical Sciences Laboratory Cable Test System |

|PCB |Printed Circuit Board |

|PE |Photoelectron |

|pF |Pico Farad |

|PMT |Photomultiplier Tube |

|P/N |Part Number |

|PSL |Physical Sciences Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison |

|P/V ratio |Peak-to-valley ratio |

|PWB |Printed Wiring Board |

|PY |Project Year |

|REF |Reference |

|REV |Revision |

|RF |Radio Frequency |

|RFI |Radio Frequency Interference |

|s, sec |Second |

|SCD |Source Control Document / Specification Control Document |

|SCLK |Serial Clock |

|SSEC |Space Science and Engineering Center |

|SI |Système International d’Unités |

|SMB |Sub-Miniature B |

|SPE |Single Photoelectron |

|SPS |South Pole System |

|SPTS |South Pole Test System |

|STF |Simple Test Framework |

|TBD |To Be Determined |

|TBR |To Be Reviewed |

|UL |Underwriters Laboratory |

|UPS |Uninterruptible Power Supply |

|UW |University of Wisconsin |

|V |Volt |

|VDC |Volt DC |

|W |Watt |

|WBS |Work Breakdown Structure |

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