Financial Planning - Schenectady Math Portal



Financial Planning

Project

Name: _________________________ Period: _____________

College Bound Math

Table of Contents

|Introduction |Page 3 |

|Part 1 – Job vs. Career |Pages 4 – 6 |

|Part 2 – Public vs. Private Schools |Pages 7 – 8 |

|Part 3 – College Loans |Pages 9 – 11 |

|Part 4 – Obtaining a Car |Pages 12 – 17 |

|Part 5 – Renting a Place to Live |Pages 18 – 25 |

|Part 6 – Buying a House |Pages 26 – 28 |

|Reflection |Page 29 |

|Grading Rubric |Page 30 |

Introduction

So what are your plans for after high school? Will you get a job or go to college? If you go to college, do you know what kind? Will you attend a 2-year or 4-year school? Will you attend a University or Technical School? Or will you go straight into the work force? What kind of lifestyle do you want to live? Do you want to drive a nice car? Do you want to have your own apartment or house? In the box below, describe how you see yourself after high school.

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How do you plan on affording the things you mentioned above? We all know the things we want and like to do have a price. What are some costs you may encounter after high school? Let’s create a web.

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|COSTS |

|AFTER HS |

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This project will help you look at and calculate some of these costs before you get out of high school so you are not surprised when you get out into “the real world.”

Part 1 – Deciding on a Career Path/Job

You are graduating from high school and you are trying to decide your future employment. Are you going to go to college or are you going to get a job right out of high school? If you decide to go to college, what career path are you going to study towards? Will it require an associate’s degree, bachelor’s degree, or a graduate degree? If it requires a graduate degree, would it be two or four years? If you decide to get a job right out of school, what job path will you choose?

You should never make a life-changing decision without doing some brainstorming and some research.

|Jobs (no college) |Careers (college required) |

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Part 1 – Researching a Job vs. a Career

Now you are going to do a comparison of a job that you would like to pursue right out of high school and a career that requires a higher education degree.

Go to and explore the salary for different jobs and careers. Type in the job or career that you are interested in the “what” space and type in Schenectady, NY in the “where” space. Type in some other areas that you may be interested in living and compare their pay salaries to Schenectady.

Remember: Higher pay somewhere other than Schenectady does not mean that you are really going to have more money to spend. Some places that have a higher salary may be a more expensive area to live in (housing, food,…)

You can also explore options at:

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Part 1 - Comparing Job and Career Options

Choose a job that DOES NOT require college? ________________________________________

Choose a career that DOES require college? _________________________________________

Fill in the table below comparing the two.

| |Job Title: |Career Title: |

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|Median Gross National Salary | | |

|(What would you make on average?) | | |

|Net Salary |Multiply Gross Salary by 70% (.70) |Multiply Gross Salary by 70% (.70) |

|(Salary after taxes and health | | |

|insurance) | | |

|Gross Weekly Pay |Gross Salary divided by 52 |Gross Salary divided by 52 |

|(What you would take home every week) | | |

|Net Weekly Pay |Multiply Gross Weekly Salary by 70% |Multiply Gross Weekly Salary by 70% |

|(What you take home every week after | | |

|taxes, etc.) | | |

|Net Pay for 15 years |[pic] |[pic] |

|(how much will you make over the next | | |

|15 years?) | | |

| | | |

|Use the directions at the bottom to | | |

|calculate this. | | |

|Buttons for Summation: MATH ( ( ( [pic] |

What is the difference between how much you make per year between having a job and having a career? _______________________________________________________________

What is the difference between how much you make over the course of 15 years between having a job and having a career?_________________________________________

Which would you take and why? ____________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Part 2 – Looking into Public vs. Private Colleges

Now we are going to look at the career path and compare the different option choices for colleges/technical schools. Do you need to go to college/technical school for 2, 4, 6 or 8 years to reach your career goal? Are you going to attend a community college, public college or private college? Will it be in state or out of state? Are you going to live on or off of campus? There are a lot of things to think about when making these decisions.

What kind of degree does your career choice require? (circle one)

|Associates |Bachelors |Masters |Ph.D/MD |

|(2 years) |(4 years) |(6 years) |(8 years) |



If you already know of a few schools you’d like to look at, it is very easy to find their website by googling the school’s name. If you aren’t quite sure, take a look at the following websites for different local, out of state, public and private schools that you will be choosing from.

|Schenectady County Community College | |

|(Public School) | |

|Siena College | |

|(Private School) | |

|State University of New York at Albany | |

|(Public School) | |

|R.P.I. | |

|(Private School) | |

|Hudson Valley Community College (Public | |

|School) | |

|Union College | |

|(Private School) | |

|ITT Tech (Private Technical School) | |

Explore the different options and choose two different types of schools (FULL TIME).

**You may have to explore each school’s website to find the following items. Not everything will be on the same page.

| |School #1 Name: |School #2 Name: |

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|Type of School (circle all that |Community Public Private On-line |Community Public Private On-line |

|apply): |Technical In-State Out of State |Technical In-State Out of State |

|Tuition for 1 year: | | |

|(remember to calculate out of state | | |

|fees if you choose an out of state | | |

|school.) | | |

|Room and Board Fees (if applicable) | | |

|(this is for the cost of housing and | | |

|food) | | |

|Total Cost for 1 year |Add up the above three boxes |Add up the above three boxes |

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|Total Number of years attending: | | |

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|Total College Costs: |Multiply Total cost by # of years |Multiply Total cost by # of years |

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What are some conclusions you can draw about the two different types of schools you researched? (Examples: which was more expensive, which had more fees, why do you think this may be so?)________________________________________________________________

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Which school do you think you would go to after doing the research? Why? ___________

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Part 3 – Student Loans

Most people do not have the cash reserves to pay for college up front, so you can take out school loans. Getting scholarships can help off-set some of the costs along with Financial Aid. In this section you will look at how much your school of choice will cost you, up front and in the long-term.

The Going Interest Rate

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In order to understand a student loan better we are going to look at taking out a loan for 10, 7 and 5 years. Use the continuous compound interest formula to determine the ending balance of your loan after each to see if there is a difference.

Standard Repayment

With the standard plan, you'll pay a fixed amount each month until your loans are paid in full. Your monthly payments will be at least $50, and you'll have up to 10 years to repay your loans.

The standard plan is good for you if you can handle higher monthly payments because you'll repay your loans more quickly. Your monthly payment under the standard plan may be higher than it would be under the other plans because your loans will be repaid in the shortest time. For the same reason—the 10-year limit on repayment—you may pay the least interest.

Consequences of default

If you default:

• We will require you to immediately repay the entire unpaid amount of your loan.

• We may sue you, take all or part of your federal and state tax refunds and other federal or state payments, and/or garnish your wages so that your employer is required to send us part of your salary to pay off your loan.

• We will require you to pay reasonable collection fees and costs, plus court costs and attorney fees.

• You may be denied a professional license.

• You will lose eligibility for other federal student aid and assistance under most federal benefit programs.

• You will lose eligibility for loan deferments.

• We will report your default to national consumer reporting agencies (credit bureaus).

Re-paying your loan

|Total Cost of the school you chose | |

|Use from previous section | |

|What percent will you have covered in Scholarships and Financial Aid? | |

|Roll the dice to see what percent will be covered! | |

|How much money will you have covered in Scholarships and Financial Aid? (how much will you NOT have to | |

|pay?!) | |

|Multiply your Total Cost by the percent covered | |

|Total Amount to be Financed (taken out in loans/borrowed): | |

|Total Cost – Amount covered | |

How will time affect your loan?

| |10 Year Loan |7 Year Loan |5 year loan |

|Monthly Payments: (use the | | | |

|formula( r = interest rate) | | | |

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| |Monthly Payment: |Monthly Payment: |Monthly Payment: |

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|Number of months in… | | | |

|Overall Cost of college |(Monthly payments X # months) |(Monthly payments X # months |(Monthly payments X # months) |

|including Interest | | | |

|Total Interest paid on the |(Overall cost – initial loan amount) |(Overall cost – initial loan amount) |(Overall cost – initial loan amount) |

|loan | | | |

How much will you save if you pay off your loans in 7 years instead of 10 year? _____________________________________________________________________________________

How much will you save if you pay off your loans in 5 years instead of 10 years? _____________________________________________________________________________________

How do you think this would affect your motivation in paying off your loans? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What factors in life could possibly inhibit/stop you from doing this? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

In your own words, why is it important NOT to default on your loan? What goals could that prevent you from achieving in your life?

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Part 4 – Purchasing vs. Leasing a Car

Now that you are gainfully employed, you are in the market for a car. You aren’t sure whether you would like to own or lease a car, so you are going to do a comparison before making your final decision.

First, let’s explore the option of buying a new or used car. Follow the steps below to find a vehicle that meets your needs.

Go to and follow the steps to find the vehicle that you choose to “purchase”. You’ll want to find an automobile that is within 50 miles of Schenectady and you’ll want to “shop around” a bit. Compare prices and try to find a good deal!

You can also explore options at

Your Vehicle Information:

| |Car #1 |Car #2 |

|Make | | |

|(Ford, Honda, Chevy, Dodge, etc.): | | |

|Model | | |

|(Edge, Accord, Cavalier, Ram, etc.): | | |

|Year: | | |

|Price: | | |

|Pre-existing Miles: | | |

|Gas Mileage (new cars only): |City: |City: |

|(sometimes the gas mileage is listed on the main page, other times | | |

|you need to look in the left column under “Model Information” and | | |

|click on “Specifications”) | | |

| |Highway: |Highway: |

|Where are you purchasing from? | | |

|If pre-owned, is it certified? (Make sure you know what that means!)| | |

Which car will you choose? __________________________________________________________

Part 4 – Car Loans

Just like with purchasing your house, you’ll need to take out a loan to purchase your car. Again, similar to purchasing your house, you’ll want to have some kind of a down payment. We are going to say that you’ve got $2,000 for a down payment. Use the price of your car and the amount that you’ve saved as a down payment to determine the amount of money that you’ll need to finance in order to purchase your car:

We are going to use the car loan rates that the First NY Credit Union has on their website:

Car Loans for Model Years 2010 - 2014

Notice that the bank gives the option to choose different “terms” of the loan. The longer the term, the lower the “Monthly Payment per $1,000”, this may seem like a good idea, but what is the disadvantage to taking out a longer term loan vs. a shorter term loan? (think back to your student loans!) _____________________________________________

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What do you notice happens to the interest rate as the loan term increases? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The table on the previous page was for NEWER car models. The bank, however, breaks down their loan tables into groups of different years.

Car Loans for Model Years 2008 - 2009

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Car Loans for Model Years 1993 - 2007

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What do you notice about taking out a loan for the purchase of an older model car versus a newer model car? __________________________________________________________

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Why do you think the bank sets up their loan system this way? _________________________

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Try it out:

So that you can better understand how taking out a car loan works, let’s run a comparison of two different loan scenarios. Let’s compare taking out a 3 year loan to a 5 year loan.

Amount you need to finance: ________________________

| |3 year loan: |5 year loan: |

|Number of $1,000 increments: | | |

|(round up!!!) | | |

|Monthly payment per $1,000: | | |

|Total monthly car payment: |Multiply # of increment by payment |Multiply # of increment by payment |

|Number of months in… |12 x # of years |12 x # of years |

|Total amount paid after term of loan |Monthly payment X # of payments |Monthly payment X # of payments |

|is completed: | | |

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|Amount of interest paid |Total amount – original amount |Total amount – original amount |

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How much money can you save by taking out a 3 year instead of a 5 year loan?

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Why wouldn’t everyone take out a 3 year loan?

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Part 4 – Leasing A Car

For this next part, you will also need to look at the newspapers provided, since you will find more information on leasing cars in a newspaper than on the internet.

When you lease a car, it is yours for only a short period of time, often 2 – 4 years. Once this term is up, the car must be returned to the leasing company. Let’s look at the pros and cons of leasing a car. Check out the following article:



Using the article above, fill in the table below listing the pros and cons of buying and leasing a car.

| |Buying a Car |Leasing a Car |

|PROS | | |

|CONS | | |

Part 4 – Choosing Car Insurance

You must have car insurance in order to legally drive a car in New York State. The following website lists an “Average Premium (annual)” for car insurance based on the make/ model of the car. Search for the car that you’ve chosen and fill in the information below.



Average Yearly Premium: _____________________

Monthly Payment (using the average premium): _____________________

(divide yearly premium by 12 months)

Remember, the Premium that you’ve just determined is an “average”. Your actual insurance costs could be higher or lower depending on a multitude of factors. Factors that can increase or decrease your premium include: where you live, your age and experience, the type of vehicle to be insured, your credit score and your past driving record (tickets, accidents, etc). Do you think that there are any factors that might increase or decrease your insurance premium?

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Part 5 – Where will you live? Buying vs. Renting…

Before you can figure out what you can afford, we need to take a look at the finances you have incurred throughout the beginning of this project.

Fill in the table below with the information from the beginning of the project.

|Job/Career Title: |

|Gross Salary (before taxes, etc.): |Net Salary (after taxes, etc.): |

|Monthly Student Loan Payment (per month): |

|Car Make: |Car Model: |Car Year: |

|Car Loan Payment (per month): |Insurance Payment (per month): |

Net Monthly Income

Next we will figure out your net monthly income (how much you have to spend each month after loans and car payments).

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How much money will you have left for rent/mortgage each month? Does that seem like a lot of money, or a little amount of money?

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Saving Some Money

Be Nice to your Parents…. (

For the first 5 years of your job/career your parents are allowing you to live at home to help save up for moving into your first place. During this time it’s expected that you can save up 10% of your income.

|Net Monthly Income * 10% = Net Monthly Savings |

|(________________)(.10) = ________________ |

If you make monthly deposits into an account that pays 2% interest compounded monthly, how much money will you have saved up while you’ve been living at home?

|[pic] |

|B = Ending Balance |

|P = Starting Principal |

|R = rate (as a decimal) |

|N = # of times compounded |

|T = time in years |

How much money could you potentially save by living with your parents for 5 years? Do you think it would be worth it? What could you do with that extra money? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

***The money you save could eventually go towards the down payment of a house, which could earn you equity over time. Many people live with their parents for a period of time to help them save money.

Part 5 – Renting vs. Buying a Home

When you move out on your own a few options will open up for you. You will possibly be able to purchase your first home (if you have the start-up money), or you will rent for some time and then purchase a home, or you may decided never to purchase a home and always rent. Read the following article and fill in the following table.



| |Renting |Purchasing/Buying |

|Pros | | |

|Cons | | |

Looking at a Lease (for a Rental Property)

Most people will end up renting an apartment at some point in time, meaning you will sign an agreement, called a lease, with a landlord or rental agency. These leases are binding contracts, so you MUST read EVERY section CAREFULLY or you may end up signing something that you don’t agree with or understand.

On the next few pages, you will look at two leases and answer a few questions, and ultimately decide if it’s a fair lease that you would sign, or a vague lease that may be a risky move. Get together in a small group to look over the lease and answer the questions. In the end, would you sign it?

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Rent and other costs…

Now that you know what leases look like, it’s time to figure out the type of apartment you could afford before you sign one!!!

You first need to calculate the maximum amount you can afford in rent before you can search for the perfect apartment. By moving out on your own you’ve now added to your monthly costs that need to be budgeted for: food, utilities, entertainment, incidentals, savings, and clothing.

Food: Using the attached chart from the USDA find where which plan you believe you would fall in using the 19 – 50 years group. Pick either an overall monthly plan on how much you think you would spend in groceries each month.

|“Thrifty Shopper” |buys very few name-brand products and always using coupons |

|“Low-Cost Shopper” |only buys exactly what you need, when you need it |

|“Moderate Shopper” |likes to buy the brands you like with a few extra here and there |

|“Liberal Shopper” |buys what you want, when you want without a second thought |

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MONTHLY Totals:

| |Type/Company (Circle one) |Cost |

|Food: |Thrifty Moderate | |

| |Low-cost Liberal | |

|Utilities (Heating/ |1bd apt ≈ $80 2 bd apt ≈ $120 | |

|Electricity): | | |

|Cable/ Internet |Time Warner Cable Verizon | |

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| |***Research each company – pick which one you prefer. | |

|Cell Phone |Sprint Verizon T-Mobile | |

| |Net10 Other: __________________________ | |

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| |***Research each company and plan – pick which one best suits your needs. | |

|Total MONTHLY Expenses: | |

The BIG Reveal!

So how much money will you have to spend on an apartment each month? Take your Net Monthly Income and subtract your Total Monthly Expenses AND your Savings from each month.

|Net Monthly |Savings each |Total Monthly Expenses (pg 24) |Money for Rent/ Pocket Money |

|Income (pg 18) |Month (pg 19) | | |

| |- |- |= |

How much of this money do you think you’ll put towards rent versus pocket money? Explain your reasoning.

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So let’s start looking for some apartments!!!

Where do you want to live staying in Albany, Schenectady, or Saratoga Counties?

What kind of apartment would you like? Look at and Compare two different apartments.



| |Apartment #1 |Apartment #2 |

|Name or location: | | |

|Rent Cost: | | |

|Any utilities included in the | | |

|Rent Cost? | | |

|Amenities (number of bedrooms/ | | |

|bathrooms/pool, etc.)? | | |

|Do they allow pets? | | |

So which apartment will you pick? Why? _________________________________________

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Renter’s Insurance will also cost you about $20 a month, so how much will you NOW have left over as pocket change once you’ve taken out Rent and Insurance?

|Money for Rent/etc. from previous page |Total Cost |Renter’s |Pocket Change |

| |for Rent |Insurance | |

| |- |- $20 |= |

Part 6 - Finding A Home (

In this activity you’ll be browsing homes for sale, choosing one to purchase, and calculating the monthly mortgage payments for owning the house that you’ve chosen.

First we must figure out how much you can afford! Google “Zillow Mortgage Calculator” or go to . Once there you will have to input the following information, so you might as well gather it from your packet first.

| |Total Amount |

|Annual Income | |

|(Your Salary) | |

|Down Payment | |

|(MOST Savings you have been collecting – don’t use | |

|all of it) | |

|Monthly Debts | |

|(Car & School Loans)) | |

At the top, Zillow has calculated what it thinks you can afford. Use this to determine your budget.

|Total | |Estimated Monthly Mortgage| |

|House Cost: | |Payment: | |

| | | | |

On to the house search!

We are going to restrict your search to Saratoga, Albany, and Schenectady counties. Head over to to begin your search. Enter Saratoga, Albany or Schenectady, NY as your city search and change the search radius to 25 miles.

Another option is and under county put Saratoga, Albany or Schenectady. You can also focus in your towns or cities if you want a specific area in the choices given.

Keep this number in and begin your search! Once you’ve decided on your “dream home,” recording the necessary information on the next page.

Address: ______________________________________

______________________________________

Property Cost: _____________

Details about the house:

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Calculating Your Monthly Mortgage Payment

Subtract your down payment from the property cost: __________________

This is the amount of money that you will need to finance.

Now, take this amount and divide by 1000: __________________

Say you ended up with an interest rate of 3.875% and to keep your current costs down, you take out a 30-year mortgage. This is the dollar amount you will owe every month for every $1,000 you borrow from the bank.

|Rate |15-year |20-year |30-year |

|3.250 |7.06229 |5.67196 |4.35206 |

|3.875 |7.33440 |5.99414 |4.70237 |

|4.000 |7.39688 |6.05980 |4.77415 |

|4.250 |7.52278 |6.19234 |4.91940 |

Calculate your approximate monthly mortgage payments by multiplying the quotient that you just calculated ($ financed/ 1000) by $4.70.

__________ X $__________ = ____________________

Quotient Monthly Factor Monthly Mortgage Payment

This payment does not take into consideration property taxes or home owners insurance. We still need to add these to your Monthly Mortgage Payment.

Property Taxes

You will need to calculate property taxes for the home that you’ve just purchased as they will become a part of your monthly payments.

Property taxes vary by county, municipality, and school district. Go to to find the tax rate per $1000 on the home that you purchased. Take the dollar amount in the final column times your house purchase price divided by 1000 to find your taxes on the home.

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Insurance

You need to have property insurance if you have a mortgage or loan on property you own. The table below shows Representative Annual Premiums from 5 different Insurance Agencies. Find the median value of these premiums – we’ll use this as the estimate for our property insurance cost.

|Insurance Agency |Annual Premium |

|Adirondack Ins. |$563 |

|Allstate Ins. |$614 |

|Great Northern Ins. |$952 |

|State Farm |$740 |

|Travco Ins. |$776 |

Median Annual Insurance Premium: _____________

Add your taxes & median insurance Premium: _____________

Divide by 12 to find your monthly payment: _____________

Add this amount to your mortgage payment:

This new value is the TOTAL cost of keeping a roof over your head each month. (

So what?

You have just spent a good amount of time looking at your future. No one really knows how your future will pan out, but it’s nice to see what you are in for in “the real world.” How has this project influenced you? Has it made you change your mind in any way? Has it made you more aware of the costs you will incur when you move out? Has it motivated you to think about saving for the future?

The last part of the project is to write a reflection on what you’ve learned throughout this project and how you will use what you’ve learned in the future. It must be a one page, double spaced, typed paper. You must use complete sentences and correct punctuation. It must be clear that you put some thought into writing you paper. And because it is short, it must be concise and be to the point.

Use the bubbles below to jot a few ideas down and get your thoughts together on the one or two main things that this project did for you. What impacted you the most?

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Financial Applications Project Grading Rubric

(70 possible points)

| |10 Points |5 Points |0 Points |

|Job/Career Paths & College |Portion is completed appropriately. |Portion is partially completed. |Portion is not completed. Questions are |

| |Questions answered & math correct. Great|Questions semi-answered & math |not completed & math is completely |

| |work. |mistakes. Good work. |wrong. Poor work. |

|Purchasing/Leasing a Car |Portion is completed appropriately. |Portion is partially completed. |Portion is not completed. Questions are |

| |Questions answered & math correct. Great|Questions semi-answered & math |not completed & math is completely |

| |work. |mistakes. Good work. |wrong. Poor work. |

|Purchasing/Renting a House |Portion is completed appropriately. |Portion is partially completed. |Portion is not completed. Questions are |

| |Questions answered & math correct. Great|Questions semi-answered & math |not completed & math is completely |

| |work. |mistakes. Good work. |wrong. Poor work. |

|Reflection |Reflection is well-written and |Reflection is adequate and demonstrates |Reflection is either not completed or |

| |demonstrates thoughtfulness. Writing is|some thoughtfulness. Writing is not |very poorly done. Writing is well below|

| |grade-level appropriate and reflects |quite at grade-level. |grade level and demonstrates very little|

| |clarity of thought. | |thoughtfulness. |

|Mathematics |Math is correct & logical overall. |Math is partially correct & semi-logical|Math is completely wrong or missing. |

| | |overall. | |

|Ability to Answer Questions |Answers are thoughtful & insightful. |Answers are semi-thoughtful & |Answers are missing. There are no |

| |Students incorporated their own |insightful. Students’ opinions are |opinions. |

| |opinions. |lacking. | |

|Overall Appearance of Project |Packet is completed fully with math work|Packet is semi-completed with minimal |Packet is hard to follow and |

| |shown & questions answered in complete |math work shown & a lack of complete |unorganized. Questions are left |

| |sentences. |sentences. |unanswered. |

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School District

______________________

Total Monthly Mortgage Expenses: __________________

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