Baggett



Mrs. Koo/Ms. Messina Global 2

|FQ: How did World War I affect Europe? |

|The War Begins |On July 23, Austria-Hungary issued an ultimatum to Serbia: Either allow Austria-Hungarian officials to investigate the assassination |

| |…OR…Go to war |

| |On July 28,1914, ____________ declined the ultimatum |

| |Austria-Hungary declared war on __________ & its ally ________ |

| |On August 1, 1914, Germany declared war on _____________ |

| |On August 3, 1914, Germany declared war on _____________ |

| |On August 4, 1914, __________ declared war on Germany & Austria-Hungary |

| |_________ backed out of its agreement with Germany & Austria-Hungary …and joined the ___________ |

|European Nations Take Sides|Central Powers- Germany and Austria-Hungary (Bulgaria and the _____________ Empire would join later in hopes of recovering lost |

| |territory) |

| |Allied Powers- Great Britain, France, and Russia (__________ claimed neutrality but later joined the allies-they switch sides) |

|The German Schlieffen Plan |Solution: In the event of a two-front war, Schlieffen had called for attacking ____________ and then Russia. Russia would be slow to |

| |mobilize its troops due to a lack of railroads. |

| |Schlieffen Plan- a large part of the ____________ army would race west, to defeat France, and then return to fight Russia in the east. |

| |Speed was vital to the Germany plan. |

| |How did the plan go? |

| |The Schlieffen Plan seemed to be _______ as the German army had early wins & seemed ready to take _____ |

| |But, English & French saved Paris at the Battle of the ____________; Meanwhile, __________ mobilized faster than expected, so Germany |

| |had to ______________________ from France to fight the Russia army |

| |Because ____________ was not taken quickly & ____________ got ready too fast, Germany had to abandon the Schlieffen Plan & fight a |

| |_________________ |

|Battle on the Western and |Western Front |

|Eastern Front |German’s quick _______________ strike instead turned into a long and bloody stalemate, or deadlock, along the battlefields of France. |

| |Stalemate-This ________________ region in Northern France became known as the Western Front. |

| |Battle of Marne (Allies defeat the Germans which left the Schlieffen Plan in ruins) |

| |Eastern Front |

| |Eastern Front- a stretch of ______________ along the German and Russian boarder. Here, the Russians and Serbs battled Germans, |

| |Austrians, and Turks. |

| |These battles were also deadlocked in a stalemate |

| |Battle of Tannenberg- Germans crushed the invading ____________ army and drove it into a full retreat. Russia’s war effort was near |

| |collapse. Unlike Western Europe they had not yet industrialized and were constantly short of supplies. |

|New Technology and War |New weapons were introduced: ____________________, tanks, airplanes, flame throwers, __________________, blimps, heavy artillery, |

|Tactic |___________________ (u-boats) |

| |Trench Warfare |

| |Trench Warfare- Soldiers fought each other from trenches |

| |The conditions were miserable (mud was everywhere, rats swarmed the place, no fresh food, sleep was impossible). |

| |“No Man’s Land”- Space between the trenches |

| |“Over the top”- officers order to attack. The men went out of the trenches into No Man’s Land. |

| |Battle of Somme- (British and German)- 1 million casualties for the British to gain 4 miles of land. |

| |Trench warfare made it difficult for either side to ______________________________ |

| |World War I became a ____________________________ in which both the Allies & the Central Powers tried to _____________ & wear down the |

| |enemy |

|World War 1- Alliances |

|Triple Alliance |Triple Entente |

|Austria-Hungary |Russia |

|Germany |France |

|Italy |Great Britain (United Kingdom, England) |

| | |

|Central Powers |Allied Powers |

|Austria Hungary |Russia |

|Germany |France |

|Bulgaria |Great Britain |

|Ottoman Empire |Italy (joined later after originally claiming neutrality) |

New Technology WW1: Warfare

World War 1- Time Line (The Great War Begins)

Directions:

1. Label and Color Code: Triple Entente Alliance, Triple Alliance, and the Balkan Region

2. Put a * at the place WW1 begin- The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

3. Use arrows to outline the sequence of war declaration in the timeline below. Make sure to label the arrows with the appropriate dates.

|June 28, 1914 |Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to Austria-Hungary's throne, and his wife, Sophie, are assassinated by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo |

|(*) |Princip while the couple were visiting Sarajevo. |

|July 28, 1914 |Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia and Russia. |

|August 1, 1914 |Germany declares war on Russia. |

|August 3, 1914 |Germany declares war on France. |

|August 4, 1914 |The United Kingdom declares war on Germany, after Germany invades Belgium |

|August 6, 1914 |Austria-Hungary declares war on Russia and Serbia declares war on Germany. |

[pic]

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On the map:

(1) Label and color-code the Allied Powers, the Central Powers, and the Neutral Powers

(2) Label the Western Front & Eastern Front

(3) Draw arrows representing the German military strategy: the Schlieffen Plan

Allied Powers

Central Powers

Neutral Nations

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