Name:



New American Diplomacy

Open Door Policy

• 1894 ( War erupts between China and Japan over ____________________

– Japan easily defeats China and grants Korea their _____________________ and gained territory in ___________________________

• Russia did not like this, so together with ______________________ and France forced Japan out and made ________________ lease the territory to Russia

– Became a “__________________ ____ ____________________” ( an area in which a foreign nation controlled economic developments

• President ___________________ and Secretary of State John ___________ supported an “______________ ______________ ___________________”

– All countries would be allowed to trade with ________________

• Hay sent notes to all of the countries with _______________________ in China to persuade them to agree to the Open Door Policy

– They agreed as long as __________ of the countries agreed to it as well

Boxer Rebellion

• _____________________ Chinese societies organized with the increasing influence of _____________________ nations

• The Society of the Harmonious Fists (_______________________)

• 1900 ( Boxers decided to destroy the “foreign _____________” and all of the ________________________ converts in China

• Boxers, supported by some Chinese __________________ attacked foreign ______________________, killed over 200 foreigners, and took many prisoners

• Germany, Austria-Hungary, _____________________, France, Italy, _______________, Russia, and the United States sent in 50,000 troops to put down the rebellion

• John Hay worked to convince foreign nations not to break up China into _____________________, and instead accept ________________________ for damages from the rebellion

– _________________ ________________ retained access to one of the most lucrative markets in the world

Roosevelt’s Diplomacy

• McKinley chose Theodore _________________________ (the hero of San Juan Hill) as his running mate

– Focused on growing American ____________________________

• September 6, 1901 (McKinley is assassinated in _______________________, NY by Leon _________________________, an anarchist

• Roosevelt, at 42, was the ___________________________ person to become president

– “Now look that… _____________________ is president of the United States!” – senator Mark Hanna

• Believed in increasing American influence around the world and in _______________-________________________

Balancing Power in East Asia

• Roosevelt _____________________ the Open Door Policy and wanted to stop any nation from completely taking over _____________________ in China

• Roosevelt helped ___________________ an end to the Russo-Japanese War in 1905

– Convinced Russians to recognize ___________________ territorial gains and persuaded the Japanese to ________________ fighting for more territory

– Earned the _____________ ______________ _______________ in 1906

• _____________________ between Japan and the United States grew worse over time as they both wanted __________________________ in China

Panama Canal

• Roosevelt believed that displaying American __________________ power would discourage other nations from fighting and promote ______________________

– “Speak _________________ and carry a big ______________”

• 1901 ( Hay-_______________________ Treaty, gave the United States the exclusive right to build any proposed ___________________ through Central America

• A French company had attempted a canal in _________________ in 1881, but gave up eight years later because of ___________________________ and disease

• US considered two possible sites for the canal ( ___________________________ and Panama

• _____________________ company offered to sell its rights in Panama to the United States

• ______________ ( United States offers Colombia $_______ million and a yearly ____________ of $250,000 for the right to construct a canal

– ____________________________ government refused the offer

• Panamanians feared lost of __________________________ benefits of the canal

• French company _________________ the United States would build in Nicaragua instead

• November 3, ______________ ( Panamanians ______________________ with France support

• United States recognized Panama’s _______________________________

• Roosevelt claimed that he had advanced “the needs of _________________________ civilization” by shortening the __________________ between the Atlantic and Pacific by ____________ nautical miles

Roosevelt Corollary

• United States became concerned when _______________________ defaulted on European loans and Britain, Germany, and Italy _________________________ its ports

• Roosevelt gave a speech known as the ___________________________ _________________________ to the ________________________ _______________________________

– United States would intervene in ______________________ ___________________________ affairs when necessary to maintain economic and political stability in the ________________________ _________________________________

• Goal: Prevent European nations from using __________________ as a justification for ____________________________ in the region

Dollar Diplomacy

• William Howard _________________, the next president, continued Roosevelt’s policies in Latin America

• Believed that if American business leaders support Lain American _________________________, everyone would benefit

• Dollar Diplomacy ( American businesses would increase their ___________________ and ____________________, and countries in Latin America would rise out of __________________________ and social disorder

Woodrow Wilson’s Diplomacy in Mexico

• Wilson was more comfortable dealing with __________________________ ________________________, but his presidency would be marked with international affairs

• ______________________________ _____________________________ and wanted to end the “____________________________ self-seeking in American foreign policy”

• Believed that the world would be free of revolution and war by _______________________ _________________________________

Mexican Revolution

• Porfirio ___________________ ruled Mexico as a dictator

– Promoted __________________________________ of Mexico, but mostly foreign nations owned and financed the railroads and factories

• 1911( Francisco ________________________, a reformer who supported democracy, constitutional government, and ________________ _________________, led the revolution

– Not an effective leader

• February, 1913 ( General Victoriano _______________________ gained control

• Wilson ________________________ ________ _________________________ Huerta, believing that without US support, he would be overthrown

Wilson Sends Troop into Mexico

• April 1914 ( American sailors are _________________________ for entering a restricted area

– Quickly released but US demands an ________________________; Mexico refuses

• Wilson asks Congress for the rest to use force and shortly learned that a _______________________ ship was bringing weapons to Mexico

• Wilson orders the _________________________ of the Mexican harbor

• Anti-American ______________ break out in Mexico

– Wilson agrees to _________________________________ to end conflict

– Venustiano __________________________ becomes president of Mexico

• March 1916 ( ________________________ ______________________ and a group of guerillas burned the of Columbus, New Mexico and _________________ _________ __________________________

• Wilson responded by ordering 6,000 troops under General John J. ___________________ into Mexico to find Villa

• They had no luck and were __________________________ in 1917

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