Name:
New American Diplomacy
Open Door Policy
• 1894 ( War erupts between China and Japan over ____________________
– Japan easily defeats China and grants Korea their _____________________ and gained territory in ___________________________
• Russia did not like this, so together with ______________________ and France forced Japan out and made ________________ lease the territory to Russia
– Became a “__________________ ____ ____________________” ( an area in which a foreign nation controlled economic developments
• President ___________________ and Secretary of State John ___________ supported an “______________ ______________ ___________________”
– All countries would be allowed to trade with ________________
• Hay sent notes to all of the countries with _______________________ in China to persuade them to agree to the Open Door Policy
– They agreed as long as __________ of the countries agreed to it as well
Boxer Rebellion
• _____________________ Chinese societies organized with the increasing influence of _____________________ nations
• The Society of the Harmonious Fists (_______________________)
• 1900 ( Boxers decided to destroy the “foreign _____________” and all of the ________________________ converts in China
• Boxers, supported by some Chinese __________________ attacked foreign ______________________, killed over 200 foreigners, and took many prisoners
• Germany, Austria-Hungary, _____________________, France, Italy, _______________, Russia, and the United States sent in 50,000 troops to put down the rebellion
• John Hay worked to convince foreign nations not to break up China into _____________________, and instead accept ________________________ for damages from the rebellion
– _________________ ________________ retained access to one of the most lucrative markets in the world
Roosevelt’s Diplomacy
• McKinley chose Theodore _________________________ (the hero of San Juan Hill) as his running mate
– Focused on growing American ____________________________
• September 6, 1901 (McKinley is assassinated in _______________________, NY by Leon _________________________, an anarchist
• Roosevelt, at 42, was the ___________________________ person to become president
– “Now look that… _____________________ is president of the United States!” – senator Mark Hanna
• Believed in increasing American influence around the world and in _______________-________________________
Balancing Power in East Asia
• Roosevelt _____________________ the Open Door Policy and wanted to stop any nation from completely taking over _____________________ in China
• Roosevelt helped ___________________ an end to the Russo-Japanese War in 1905
– Convinced Russians to recognize ___________________ territorial gains and persuaded the Japanese to ________________ fighting for more territory
– Earned the _____________ ______________ _______________ in 1906
• _____________________ between Japan and the United States grew worse over time as they both wanted __________________________ in China
Panama Canal
• Roosevelt believed that displaying American __________________ power would discourage other nations from fighting and promote ______________________
– “Speak _________________ and carry a big ______________”
• 1901 ( Hay-_______________________ Treaty, gave the United States the exclusive right to build any proposed ___________________ through Central America
• A French company had attempted a canal in _________________ in 1881, but gave up eight years later because of ___________________________ and disease
• US considered two possible sites for the canal ( ___________________________ and Panama
• _____________________ company offered to sell its rights in Panama to the United States
• ______________ ( United States offers Colombia $_______ million and a yearly ____________ of $250,000 for the right to construct a canal
– ____________________________ government refused the offer
• Panamanians feared lost of __________________________ benefits of the canal
• French company _________________ the United States would build in Nicaragua instead
• November 3, ______________ ( Panamanians ______________________ with France support
• United States recognized Panama’s _______________________________
• Roosevelt claimed that he had advanced “the needs of _________________________ civilization” by shortening the __________________ between the Atlantic and Pacific by ____________ nautical miles
Roosevelt Corollary
• United States became concerned when _______________________ defaulted on European loans and Britain, Germany, and Italy _________________________ its ports
• Roosevelt gave a speech known as the ___________________________ _________________________ to the ________________________ _______________________________
– United States would intervene in ______________________ ___________________________ affairs when necessary to maintain economic and political stability in the ________________________ _________________________________
• Goal: Prevent European nations from using __________________ as a justification for ____________________________ in the region
Dollar Diplomacy
• William Howard _________________, the next president, continued Roosevelt’s policies in Latin America
• Believed that if American business leaders support Lain American _________________________, everyone would benefit
• Dollar Diplomacy ( American businesses would increase their ___________________ and ____________________, and countries in Latin America would rise out of __________________________ and social disorder
Woodrow Wilson’s Diplomacy in Mexico
• Wilson was more comfortable dealing with __________________________ ________________________, but his presidency would be marked with international affairs
• ______________________________ _____________________________ and wanted to end the “____________________________ self-seeking in American foreign policy”
• Believed that the world would be free of revolution and war by _______________________ _________________________________
Mexican Revolution
• Porfirio ___________________ ruled Mexico as a dictator
– Promoted __________________________________ of Mexico, but mostly foreign nations owned and financed the railroads and factories
• 1911( Francisco ________________________, a reformer who supported democracy, constitutional government, and ________________ _________________, led the revolution
– Not an effective leader
• February, 1913 ( General Victoriano _______________________ gained control
• Wilson ________________________ ________ _________________________ Huerta, believing that without US support, he would be overthrown
Wilson Sends Troop into Mexico
• April 1914 ( American sailors are _________________________ for entering a restricted area
– Quickly released but US demands an ________________________; Mexico refuses
• Wilson asks Congress for the rest to use force and shortly learned that a _______________________ ship was bringing weapons to Mexico
• Wilson orders the _________________________ of the Mexican harbor
• Anti-American ______________ break out in Mexico
– Wilson agrees to _________________________________ to end conflict
– Venustiano __________________________ becomes president of Mexico
• March 1916 ( ________________________ ______________________ and a group of guerillas burned the of Columbus, New Mexico and _________________ _________ __________________________
• Wilson responded by ordering 6,000 troops under General John J. ___________________ into Mexico to find Villa
• They had no luck and were __________________________ in 1917
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