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随着出国体检的不断增多,用英语书写报告必须掌握,现提供常用词汇:
1. 部位 location:
同侧 ipsilateral;对侧 contralateral;患侧 affected side;健侧 intact side;近侧 proximal side;
远侧 distal side; 移位 deviation,shift,displacement;无移位 nondisplaced;抬高 elevation;下降 descent,fall; 邻接 abutting,next to,secondary to;
二、范围 extent:
局限 localized,regional;弥散 diffuse;
三、分布 distribution:
单侧 unilateral;双侧 bilateral;对称 symmetric;不对称 asymmetric;孤立 solitary;散在 scattered;融合 confluence;中心性 central;偏心性 eccentric;周围的 peripheral;
四、数目 number:
单发 solitary,single;多发 multiple;
增多 increase;减少 decrease;
五、大小 size:
大 large;小 small;
稳定stability(stable);扩大 enlargement;扩张 dilatation;膨胀 distention;缩小 shrink;体积缩小 loss of volume;狭窄 stenosis,narrowing;闭塞 occlusion,obliteration,emphraxis;doubling time;
六、形状 shape:
点状 punctual,punctate;斑点状 mottling,stippled;粟粒状 miliary;结节状 nodular;团块状 mass;圆形 circular,round,rounded;卵圆形 oval;椭圆形 ellipse;长方形(椭圆形)oblong;分叶状 lobulated;片状 patchy;条索 stripe;线状 linar;网状 reticular;弧线形 curvilinear;星状 stellate;纠集 crowding,converging;舟状 boat-shaped,navicular,scaphoid;哑铃状 dumb-bell;不规则形 irregular;
细致 fine;粗糙 coarse;
变形 deformity;增粗、增厚 thicken;变细、变薄 thinning;变平 flattened;
七、边缘 border,margin,rim,edge;轮廓(外形)outline,contour;
光滑 smooth;锐利 sharp,well-defined,well-circumscribed;清晰 clear,distinct;
模糊 hazy,indistinct,ill-defined,obscured,silhouette out;毛刺状、针状 spiculated;分叶的 multilobulated;
八、密度、回声、信号
密度 density(dense)(X线成像):
透亮 lucency(lucent),transparent;
阴影 shadow;不透光 haziness,opacification,opacity,opaque;致密 density(dense);
低密度 hypodense,low density;高密度 hyperdense,high density;混杂密度 mixed density;
回声 echo(echoic)(超声成像):
ultrasound 超声 ;ultrasonography 超声成像 ;gray scale 灰阶 ;real time imaging 实时成像
B-mode ultrasound B型超声 ;color Doppler ultrasound 彩色多普勒超声
sonogram (echogram) 声像图 ;probe 探头 ;acoustic shadowing 声影; * 无回声anecho,弱回声 poor echo,低回声 hypoecho,low level echo;等回声 medium echo,iso-echo,高回声 hyper echo,high level echo,强回声 strong echo;
信号 signal(磁共振成像): 低信号 hypointensity;高信号 hyperintensity;
九、性质:
囊性 cyst(cystic);空洞 cavitation,cavity;壁 wall(mural);外壁 outer surface of the wall
渗出 exudation;浸润 infiltration;实变 consolidation;
增殖 hyperplasia(hyperplastic);实性 solid;结节 nodule;肿块 mass;
纤维(化) fibrosis(fibrotic); 钙化 calcification(calcified);
头部急诊平扫 Emergent Head Scan; 头部急诊增强 Emergent Head Enhanced Scan
头部平扫 Head Routine Scan ;头部增强 Head Enhanced Scan
眼部平扫 Orbits Routine Scan ;眼部增强 Orbits Enhanced Scan
内耳平扫 Inner Ear Routine Scan ;内耳增强 Inner Ear Enhanced Scan
乳突平扫 Mastoid Routine Scan ;乳突增强 Mastoid Enhanced Scan
蝶鞍平扫 Sella Routine Scan ;蝶鞍增强 Sella Enhanced Scan
鼻窦轴位平扫 Sinus Axial Routine Scan ;鼻窦轴位增强 Sinus Axial Enhanced Scan
鼻窦冠位平扫 Sinus Coronal Scan ;鼻窦冠位增强 Sinus Coronal Enhanced Scan
鼻咽平扫 Nasopharynx Routine Scan ;鼻咽增强 Nasopharynx Enhanced Scan
腮腺平扫 Parotid Routine Scan ;腮腺增强 Parotid Enhanced Scan
喉平扫 Larynx Routine Scan ;喉增强 Larynx Enhanced Scan
甲状腺平扫 Hypothyroid Routine Scan ;甲状腺增强 Hypothyroid Enhanced Scan
颈部平扫 Neck Routine Scan ;颈部增强 Neck Enhanced Scan
颈部动态增强 Neck Dynamic Enhanced Scan;肺栓塞扫描 Lung Embolism Scan
胸腺平扫 Thymus Routine Scan ;胸腺增强 Thymus Enhanced Scan
胸骨平扫 Sternum Routine Scan ;胸骨增强 Sternum Enhanced Scan ;
胸部平扫 Chest Routine Scan
胸部薄层扫描 High Resolution Chest Scan ;胸部增强 Chest Enhanced Scan
胸部穿刺 Chest Puncture Scan ;轴扫胸部穿刺 Axial Chest Punture Scan
上腹部平扫 Upper-Abdomen Routine Scan ;中腹部平扫 Mid-Abdomen Routine Scan
上腹部增强 Upper-Abdomen Routine Enhanced Scan
中腹部增强 Mid-Abdomen Routine Scan
腹部穿刺 Abdomen Puncture Scan ;轴扫腹部穿刺 Axial Abdomen Puncture Scan
颈椎平扫 C-spine Routine Scan ;胸椎平扫 T-spine Routine Scan
腰椎平扫 L-spine Routine Scan ;盆腔平扫 Pelvis Routine Scan
盆腔增强 Pelvis Enhanced Scan ;骶髂关节平扫 SI Joint Scan
肩关节平扫 Shoulder Joint Scan
上肢软组织平扫 Upper Extremities Soft Tissue Scan
上肢软组织增强 Upper Extremities Soft Tissue Enhanced
肘关节平扫 Elbow Joint Routine Scan ;腕关节平扫 Wrist Joint Routine Scan
手部平扫 Hand Routine Scan ;髋关节平扫 Hip Joint Routine Scan
膝关节平扫 Knee Joint Routine Scan ;踝关节平扫 Ankle Joint Routine Scan
下肢软组织平扫 Lower Extremities Soft Tissue Scan
下肢软组织增强 Lower Extremities Soft Tissue Enhanced ;足部平扫 Foot Routine Scan
血管造影和三维成像
头部血管造影 Head CT Angiography ;颈部血管造影 Neck CT Angiography
心脏冠脉造影 Coronal Artery Angiography ;心脏冠脉钙化积分 Cardiac Calcium Scoring Scan
胸部血管造影 Chest CT Angiography ;腹部血管造影 Abdomen CT Angiography
上肢血管造影 Upper Extremities CT Angiography
下肢血管造影 Lower Extremities CT Angiography
五官三维成像 3D Facial Scan;胃三维 3D Stomach CT Scan;结肠三维 3D Colon CT Scan
颈椎三维 3D C-Spine;胸椎三维 3D T-Spine;腰椎三维 3D L-Spine;肩关节三维 3D Shoulder Joint
肘关节三维 3D Elbow Joint;腕关节三维 3D Wrist Joint;髋关节三维 3D Hip Joint
膝关节三维 3D Knee Joint;踝关节三维 3D Ankle Joint
头部常规增强 Head Routine Enhanced Scan;头部动态增强 Head Dynamic Enhanced Scan
垂体平扫 Sella Routine Scan;垂体增强 Sella Enhanced Scan
上腹部平扫 Upper Abdomen Scan
上腹部普通增强 Upper Abdomen Routine Enhanced;上腹部动态增强 Upper Abdomen Dynamic Enhanced
中腹部平扫 Mid-Abdomen Scan
中腹部普通增强 Mid-Abdomen Routine Enhanced;中腹部动态增强 Mid-Abdomen Dynamic Enhanced
肾脏平扫 Kidney Routine Scan;肾上腺平扫 Adrenal Routine Scan
肾脏普通增强 Kidney Routine Enhanced Scan;肾脏动态增强 Kidney Dynamic Enhanced Scan
胰胆管造影 MRCP;尿路造影 MRU;腹和盆腔联合扫描 Abdomen & Pelvis Scan
颈椎平扫 C-spine Scan;颈椎增强 C-spine Enhanced Scan;胸椎平扫 T-spine Scan
胸椎增强 T-spine Enhanced Scan;腰椎平扫 L-spine Scan;腰椎增强 L-spine Enhanced Scan
胸腰段平扫 T&L Spine Scan;胸腰段增强 T&L Spine Enhanced Scan
胸部平扫 Chest Scan
胸部普通增强 Chest Routine Enhanced Scan;胸部动态增强 Chest Dynamic Enhanced Scan
女性盆腔平扫 Female Pelvis Scan;女性盆腔普通增强 Female Pelvis Routine Enhanced;
女性盆腔动态增强 Female Pelvis Dynamic Enhanced
男性盆腔平扫 Male Pelvis Scan
男性盆腔普通增强 Male Pelvis Routine Enhanced;男性盆腔动态增强 Male Pelvis Dynamic Enhanced
肩关节平扫 Shoulder Joint Scan;肘关节平扫 Elbow Joint Scan
腕关节平扫 Wrist Joint Scan;手部平扫 Hand Scan
上肢软组织平扫 Upper Soft Tissue Scan;上肢软组织普通增强 Upper Soft Tissue Routine Enhanced
上肢软组织动态增强 Upper Soft Tissue Dynamic Enhanced
骶髂关节平扫 Sacrum Ilium Joint Scan;髋关节平扫 Hip Joint Scan
膝关节平扫 Knee Joint Routine Scan;踝关节平扫 Ankle Joint Routine Scan
足部平扫 Foot Routine Scan
下肢软组织平扫 Lower Soft Tissue Scan;下肢软组织普通增强 Lower Soft Tissue Routine Enhanced
下肢软组织动态增强 Lower Soft Tissue Dynamic Enhanced
头颅正侧位 Skull PA & LAT;鼻窦 Sinus PA;左侧乳突 Left Mastoid Process
右侧乳突 Right Mastoid Process;鼻骨侧位 Nasal Bones LAT
颈椎正侧位 C-Spine PA & LAT;颈椎双斜位 C-Spine Dual Oblique
胸椎正侧位 T-Spine PA & LAT;腰椎正侧位 L-Spine PA & LAT
骶尾正侧位 Saccrum/Coccyx AP & LAT;胸部正侧位(成人) Chest PA & LAT (Adult)
胸部正侧位(儿童) Chest PA & LAT (Pediatrics)
骨盆(成人) Pelvis PA (Adult);骨盆(儿童) Pelvis PA (Pediatrics)
腹部(成人) Abdomen ( Adult);腹部(儿童) Abdomen (Pediatircs)
左侧肩关节 Left Shoulder Joint;右侧肩关节 Right Shoulder Joint
左侧肱骨正侧位 Left Humerus AP & LAT;右侧肱骨正侧位 Right Humerus AP & LAT
左侧尺桡骨正侧位 Left Forearm AP & LAT;右侧尺桡骨正侧位 Right Forearm AP & LAT
左侧肘关节正侧位 Left Elbow Joint AP & LAT;右侧肘关节正侧位 Right Elbow Joint AP & LAT
左手正斜位 Left Hand AP & Oblique;右手正斜位 Right Hand AP & Oblique
左侧腕关节正侧位 Left Wrist Joint AP & LAT;右侧腕关节正侧位 Right Wrist Joint AP & LAT
双腕关节正位(成人) Dual Wrist Joint AP (Adult)
双腕关节正位(儿童) Dual Wrist Joint AP (Pediatrics)
左侧股骨正侧位 Left Femur AP & LAT;右侧股骨正侧位 Right Femur AP & LAT
左侧膝关节正侧位 Left Knee Joint AP & LAT;右侧膝关节正侧位 Right Knee Joint AP & LAT
左侧胫腓骨正侧位 Left Tibia Fibula AP & LAT;右侧胫腓骨正侧位 Right Tibia Fibula AP & LAT
左侧踝关节正侧位 Left Ankle Joint AP & LAT;右侧踝关节正侧位 Right Ankle Joint AP & LAT
左侧足部正侧位 Left Foot AP & LAT;右侧足部正侧位 Right Foot AP & LAT
足跟侧位 Calcaneus LAT
胸部正位 Chest PA;胸部正侧位 Chest PA & LAT;心脏三位片 Heart
胸部斜位 Chest OBL;胸骨侧位 Sternum LAT;胸锁骨关节像 Sternum Calvicle Joint PA
锁骨正位 Calvicle PA;肩关节正位 Shoulder Joint AP
头颅正位 Skull AP;头颅正侧 Skull AP & LAT;颈椎正位 C-spine AP
颈椎张口位 C-spine Open Mouth;颈椎正侧位 C-spine AP & LAT
颈椎正侧双斜位 C-spine AP & LAT & Dual OBL;颈椎六位像 C-spine 6 position
颈椎正侧双斜张口位 C-spine AP & LAT & Dual OBL Open Mouth
颈胸段正侧位 C-T-spine AP & LAT;胸椎正侧 T-spine AP & LAT
胸腰段正侧位 T-L-spine AP & LAT;腰椎正侧位 L-spine AP & LAT
腰椎正侧双斜 L-spine AP & LAT & Dual OBL;腰椎双斜 L-spine Dual OBL
腰椎六位像 L-spine 6 position;腰椎过伸过屈位 L-spine Lordotic Kyphotic Position
腰骶椎正侧位 L-S-spine AP & LAT;骶尾椎正侧位 Saccrum/Coccyx AP & LAT
尾椎侧位像 Coccyx LAT ;骶髂关节正位 Sacrum Ilium Joint AP
骶髂关节切线位 Sacrum Ilium Joint Tangential Position
骨盆正位 Pelvis AP;耻骨坐骨正位 Pubis Ischium AP;腹部平片 Abdomen AP;上肢 Upper Extremities;下肢 Lower Extremities
关于X线方面的部分中英文对照:
acromioclavicular joint 肩锁关节 ;air bronchogram 支气管影像
ankle joint 踝关节 ;ankylosis of joint 关节强直 ;arches of foot 足弓 ;biligrafin 胆影葡胺
bone age 骨龄 ;bone canaliculi 骨小管 ;bone cortex 骨皮质 ;bone deformity 骨骼变形
bone destruction 骨质破坏 ;bone lacuna 骨陷窝 ;bone lamella 骨板
bony articular surface 骨关节面 ;bursa 滑膜囊 ;calcification 钙化 ;carpal bones 腕骨
cavity 空洞 ;chondral calcification 软骨钙化 ;compact bone and spongy bone 密质骨和松质骨
degeneration of joint 关节退行性变 ;destruction of joint 关节破坏 ;diaphysis 骨干
digital subtraction angiography, DSA 数字减影血管造影 ;dislocation of joint 关节脱位
dual photon absorptiometry, DPA 双光子吸收法
dual X-ray energy absorptiometry, DXA 双能X线吸收法 ;elbow joint 肘关节
encapsulated effusion 包裹性积液 ;end plate 终板 ;epiphyseal line 骨骺线
epiphyseal plate 骨骺板 ;epiphysis 骨骺 ;exudation 渗出 ;fibrotic lesion 纤维性病变
filling defect 充盈缺损 ; free pleural effusion 游离性胸腔积液 ;haemosiderosis 含钱血黄素沉着
Hafersian system 哈弗系统 ;haversian lamella 哈氏骨板 ;hilar dance 肺门舞蹈 ;hip joint 髋关节
hydropneumothorax 液气胸 ;hydroxyapatite crystal 羟基磷灰石结晶
hyperostosis/osteosclerosis 骨质增生硬化 ;intercondyloid eminence 髁间隆起
interlobar effusion 叶间积液 ;intermediate lamella 骨间板
internal and external circumfereutial lamella 内、外环骨板
interstitial pulmonary oedema 间质性肺水肿
intervertebral disc 椎间盘 ;intervertebral foramen 椎间孔 ;intervertenral space 椎间隙
intra-alveolar pulmonary oedema 肺泡性肺水肿 ;joint 关节 ;joint capsule 关节囊
joint cartilage 关节软骨 ;joint cavity 关节腔 ;joint space 关节间隙 ;knee joint 膝关节
lamellar bone 层板骨 ;left atrial enlargement 左心房增大
left ventricular enlargement 左心室增大 ;ligament 韧带 ;localized pleural effusion 局限性胸腔积液
looser zone 假骨折线 ;mass 肿块 ;medullary space 骨髓腔 ;metacarpal bones 掌骨
metaphysis 干骺端 ;metatarsal bones 跖骨 ;niche 龛影 ;obstructive atelectasis 阻塞性肺不张
obstructive emphysema 阻塞性肺气肿 ;oral cholecystography 口服胆囊造影 ;ossifcation 骨化
ossification centre 骨化中心 ;osteoblast 成骨细胞 ;osteoclast 破骨细胞 ;osteocyte 骨细胞
osteomalacia 骨质软化 ;osteonecrosis 骨质坏死 ;osteoporosis 骨质疏松
periosteal proliferation 骨膜增生 ;periosteal reaction 骨膜反应
periosteum and intermal periosteum 骨膜和骨内膜 ;phalanges of fingers 指骨
phalanges of toes 趾骨
pleural thickening,adhesion and calaification 胸膜增厚、粘连及钙化 ;pleural tumor 胸膜肿瘤
pneumothorax 气胸 ;proliferative lesion 增殖性病变
pulmonary hilar enlargement 肺门增大 ;pulmonary arterial hypertension 肺动脉高压
pulmonary arterial pleonaemia 肺充血 ;pulmonary hypertension 肺高压
pulmonary oligaemia 肺少血 ;pulmonary venous hypertension 肺静脉高压
pulmonary venous pleonaemia 肺淤血 ;quantitative computed tomography, QCT 定量CT法
right atrial enlargement 右心房增大 ;right ventricular enlargement 右心室增大
sequestrum 死骨 ;shoulder joint 肩关节 ;soft tissue mass 软组织肿胀
soft tissue swelling 软组织肿胀 ;subpulmonary effusion 肺下积液 ;swelling of joint 关节肿胀
tarsal bones 跗骨 ;tibia tuberosity 胫骨粗隆 ;trabecula 骨小梁 ;Volkmann canal 福尔克曼管
woven bone 非层板骨 ;wrist 腕关节 ;abestosis 石棉肺
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS 艾滋病 ;actinomycosis 放线菌病
acute military tuberculosis 急性粟粒型肺结核
agenesis and hypoplasia of the lung 肺不发育和肺发育不全 ;allergic pneumonia 过敏性肺炎
aluminum pneumoconiosis 铝尘肺 ;amyloidosis of lung 肺淀粉样变性 ;angiogram sign 血管造影征 ; anthracosis 炭黑尘肺 ;aspergillosis 曲菌病 ;bronchiectasis 支气管扩张
bronchogenic cyst 支气管囊肿 ;bronchopneumonia 支气管肺炎
broncho-pulmonary sequestration 支气管肺隔离症 ;butterfly sign 蝶翼征
cement pneumoconiosis 水泥尘肺 ;chronic bronchitis 慢性支气管炎
chronic pneumonia 慢性肺炎 ;coalworker pneumoconiosis 煤工尘肺
congenital bronchial cysts 先天性支气管囊肿 ;contusion of lung 肺挫伤 ;cryptococcosis 隐球菌病
cylindrical bronchiectasis 柱状支扩 ;dermoid cyst 皮样囊肿 ;diaphragmatic eventeration 膈膨升
diaphragmatic hermia 膈疝 ;electric welder pneumoconiosis 电焊工尘肺
esophageal cyst 食管囊肿 ;foreign body of chest 胸部异物
foundry worker pneumoconiosis 铸工尘肺 ;Goodpasture syndrome 肺-肾综合征
graphite pneumoconiosis 石墨尘肺 ;halo sign 晕轮征 ;hamartoma 错构瘤
hematogenous pulmonary tuberculosis 血行播散型肺结核(II型)
Hodgkin lymphoma 霍奇金淋巴瘤 ;Hodgkin disease, HD 霍奇金病
honeycomb lung 蜂窝状肺 ;hydropneumothorax 液气胸 ;inflammatory pseudotumor 炎性假瘤
interstitial pneumonia 间质性肺炎 ;intrathoracic goiter 胸内甲状腺
kaolin pneumoconiosis 陶工尘肺 ;Kaposi sarcoma 卡波济肉瘤
laceration and hematoma of lung 肺撕裂伤与肺血肿
laceration of trachea and bronchus 气管及支气管裂伤 ;lipoma 脂肪瘤
lobar pneumonia 大叶性肺炎 ;Loffler syndroma 吕弗留综合征 ;lung abscess 肺脓肿
lymphangioma 淋巴管瘤 ;lymphoma 淋巴瘤 ;mediastinal emphysema 纵隔气肿
mediastinal hematorma 纵隔血肿 ;mediastinal tumor 纵隔肿瘤 ;mediastinitis 纵隔炎
mesothelial cyst 间皮囊肿 ;mesothelioma of pleura 胸膜间皮瘤
metastatic tumor of pleura 胸膜转移瘤 ;mica pneumoconiosis 云母尘肺
neurogenic neoplasms 神经源性肿瘤 ;non Hodgkin lymphoma, NHL 非霍奇金淋巴瘤
pleural thickening, adhesion and calcification胸膜肥厚粘连和钙化
pleuro-peritoneal hiatus hernia 胸腹裂孔疝 ;pneumocomosis 尘肺 ;pneumomediastinum 纵隔气肿
pneumothorax 气胸 ;primary complex 原发综合征
primary tuberculosis 原发性肺结核(I型) ;pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis 肺泡微石症
pulmonary alveolar proteinosis 肺泡蛋白沉积症 ;pulmonary arterio-venous fistula 肺动静脉瘘
pulmonary arterio-venous malformation,PAVM肺动静脉畸形
pulmonary connective tissue diseases 肺结缔组织疾病 ;pulmonary edema 肺水肿
pulmonary emboli 肺梗塞 ;pulmonary infarcts 肺梗死 ;pulmonary sequestration 肺隔离症
pulmonary tuberculosis 肺结核 ;pyothorax 化脓性胸膜炎 ;radiation pneumonitis 放射性肺炎
rheumatoid disease of the lung 肺类风湿性病 ;saccular bronchiectasis 囊状支扩
sarcoidosis 结节病 ;secondary pulmonary tuberculosis 继发性肺结核(III型)
seminoma 精原细胞瘤 ;silicosis 矽肺 ;staphylococal pneumonia 葡萄球菌肺炎
subacute or chronic hematogenous pulmonary tuberculosis亚急性或慢性血行播散型肺结核
systemic lupus erythomatosis, SLE 系统性红斑狼疮 ;talc pneumoconiosis 滑石尘肺
teratoma 畸胎瘤 ;thymoma 胸腺瘤 ;tramline sign 轨道征
traumatic diaphragmatic hernia 外伤性隔疝
tuberculosis of intrathoracic lymph nodes胸内淋巴结结核 ;tuberculosis pleuritis 结核性胸膜炎
varicose bronchiectasis 静脉曲张型支扩 ;Wegner granuloma 韦格氏肉芽肿
华氏位 Waltz Position;下颌骨正侧位 Mandible PA_LAT
关于MRI方面的一些常用中英文对照:
信号 signal(磁共振成像):
低信号 hypointensity;高信号 hyperintensity; 等信号 isointensity
混合信号 heterogeneous intensity ;信号强度减弱 decreased signal intensity
信号强度增高 increased signal intensity ;流空现象 flow empty phenomena
1H31P MR spectroscopy 1H31P MR波谱成像 ;3-D gradient echo imaging 三维梯度回波成像技术
annulus 纤维环 ;bone marrow 骨髓 ;chemical-shift imaging 化学位移成像 ;coronal view 冠状位
echo time,TE 回波时间 ;epidural fat 硬膜外脂肪 ;flow void phenomenon 流空现像
flow-related enhancement 流动相关增强 ;functional MRI,fMRI 功能成像
Gadolinium,Gd 钆 ;inversion recovery,IR 反转恢复技术 ;laminar flow 层流
left ventricular outflow tract view 左心室流出道体位 ;left-anterior oblique view 左前斜位
long-axis 长轴位 ;longitudinal relaxation time,T1 纵向弛豫时间
magnetic resonance angiography,MRA 磁共振血管造影
magnetic resonance urography,MRU 磁共振尿路造影
megnrtization transfer with fast adiabatic trajetctory磁化传递快速成像
methemoglobin 正铁血红蛋白 ;MR angiography,MRA MR血管造影
MRCP 磁共振胰胆管成像 ;myocardial tagging 心肌标记 ;nucleus pulposus 髓核
phase contrast,PC 相位对比法 ;proton density,P 质子密度
proton relaxation enhancement effect 质子弛豫增强效应
proton weighted image,PW1 质子密度加权像 ;repetition time, TR 重复时间
right anterior oblique view 右前斜位 ;right ventricular outflow tract view 右心室流出道体位
sagittal view 矢状位 ;short-axis 短轴位
T1 weighted image, T1W1 T1加权像 ;T2 weighted image, T2W1 T2加权像
tagging 标记 ;time-of-flight, TOF 时间飞跃法 ;transverse relaxation time, T2 横向弛豫时间
transverse view 横轴位 ;turbulent flow 湍流 ;water image 水成像
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 磁共振成像 ;radio frequency (RF) 射频脉冲
relaxation time 驰豫时间 ;spin-lattice relaxation time 自旋-晶格(即纵向)
(longitudinal relaxation time) 驰豫时间,简称T1
spin-Spin(transverse) relaxation time 自旋-自旋(即横向)驰豫时间,简称T2
spin-echo sequence (SE) 自旋回波序列 ;echo time 回波时间
repetitiontime 脉冲重复间隔时间(TR) ;T1 weighted (T1WI) image T1成像
T2 weighted (T2WI) image T2成像 ;magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) 磁共振血管成像
flowing void effect 流空效应 ;Time of flight (TOF) 时间流逝法
phase contrast (PC) 相位对比法 ;Gadolinium-DTPA (Gd-DTPA) 钆-二乙三胺五醋酸(磁显葡胺)
上肢MRA Upper Extremities MRA ;下肢MRA Lower Extremities MRA
心脏大血管造影 Heart MR Angiography ;胸主动脉造影 T-Artery MR Angiography
腹主动脉造影 Abd-Artery MR Angiography ;头部血管造影 Head MR Angiography
颈部血管造影 Head MR Angiography ;盆腔血管造影 Pelvis MR Angiography
下腔静脉MRA Portal Vein MRA
fMRI, functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 磁共振功能成像或功能性磁共振成像
BOLD, Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent, 血氧合水平依赖
DTI, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, 弥散张量成像
MRS, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, 磁共振波谱成像
PWI, Perfusion Weighted Imaging, 灌注成像
DWI, Diffusion Weighted Imaging, 磁共振弥散成像
EEG, electroencephalogram , 脑电图
ERP, event-related potentials, 事件相关电位
CT技术术语及常见病名的中英文对照
A
abscess of kidney 肾脓肿 ;acoustic 听神经瘤 ;acute pancreatitis 急性胰腺炎
analog 模拟 ;analog/digital converter 模拟/数字转化器
angiography of spinal cord 脊髓血管造影 ;angioma 血管瘤
angiomyolipoma 血管平滑肌脂肪瘤 ;anterior cerebral artery,ACA 大脑前动脉
anterior communicating artery,AcoA 前交通动脉 ;arachnoidcyst 蛛网膜囊肿
arterior-venous malformation,AVM 动静脉畸形 ;artifact 伪影
astrocytoma 星形细胞瘤 ;atelectasis 肺不张 ;attenuation 衰减
attenuation coefficient 衰减系数 ;axial scan 轴位扫描
B
B basilar artery,BA 基底动脉 ;Beam hardening artifact 射线硬化伪影 ;biopsy gun 活检枪 ;biopsy needle 活检针
biphasic contrast enhancement 双期增强扫描 ;bone mineral density,BMD 骨密度
brain abscess 脑脓肿 ;brain hemorrhage 脑出血 ;brain trauma 脑外伤
bronchiectsis 支气管扩张 ;bronchogenic carcinoma 支气管肺癌
C
calcification of the pleura 胸膜钙化 ;calculus of kidney 肾结石
carcinoma of bladder 膀胱癌 ;carcinoma of the cervix 宫颈癌
carcinoma of kidney 肾癌 ;carcinoma of prostate 前列腺癌 ;carcinoma of ovary 卵巢癌 ;cavity 空洞
central bronchogenic carcinoma 中央型肺癌 ;cerebral atrophy 脑萎缩
cerebral contusion 脑搓伤 ;cerebral infarction 脑梗塞
cerebral ischemia 脑缺血 ;cerebral cycticercosis 脑囊虫病
cholesteatoma 胆脂瘤 ;cholangiocarcinoma 胆管癌 ;cholecystitis 胆囊炎
chronic pancreatitis 慢性胰腺炎 ;circle of willis 脑底动脉环 ;cirrhosis 肝硬化
collimator 准直器 ;console 控制台 ;contrast medium 对比剂
contrast enhancement 对比增强 ;contrast media bolus 造影剂团注
contusion of kidney 肾挫伤 ;contusion of spinal cord 脊髓挫伤
coronal scan 冠状面扫描 ;craniopharyngioma 颅咽管瘤
CT angiography,CTA CT血管造影术 ;CT arterial portography,CTAP CT动脉性门脉造影
CT fluoroscopy CT透视 ;CT guided needle biopsy CT导向穿刺活检
CT guided fine needle aspiration biopsy CT导向细针抽吸活组织检查
CT guided stereotaxis CT导向立体定位 ;CT intervention CT介入 ;CT muelography,CTM CT脊髓造影
CT value CT值 ;Cyst of Kinney 肾囊肿
D
delayed scan 延迟扫描 ;density resolution 密度分辨率 ;digital martrix 数字矩阵 ;dynamic scanning 动态扫描
E
enhancement scan 增强扫描 ;ependymoma 室管膜瘤 ;epidural hematoma 硬膜外血肿
F
fatty liver 脂肪肝;field of view,FOV 视野 ;FWHM 有效层厚
G
gallbladder carcinoma 胆囊癌 ;gallstone 胆石症 ;golima 胶质瘤 ;Graves’ disease 格氏眼病
H
hepatic cyst 肝囊肿 ;hepatocellular 肝细胞癌
high KV radiography 高千伏摄影 ;high resolution CT,HRCT 高分辨率CT
high spatial-freqyency algorithm 高空间频率计算法重建 ;hypaque 泛影钠
I
image post-processing 图象后处理 ;image reconstruction 图象重建 ;informatics in radiology,infoRAD 信息放射学
interventional radiology 介入放射学 ;iodipamide/biligrafin/cholografin 胆影葡胺 ;iohexol 碘苯六醇(欧乃派克)
iopromide 碘普罗胺 ;isovist 伊索显
L
laser printer 激光打印机
M
matrix 矩阵 ;maximum intensity projection,MIP 最大强度投影
medulloblastoma 髓母细胞瘤 ;meningioma 黑色素瘤
motion artifact 运动伪影 ;multiformat camera 多幅相机
multiplanar reformation,MPR 多平面重建 ;multiple sclerosis 多发性肝硬化
N
neurofibroma 神经纤维瘤 ;noise 噪声
O
orbitomeatal line 听眶线 ;overlap scan 重叠扫描
P
partial volume effect 部分容积效应 ;peripheral space phenomenon 周围间隙现象
picture achieve and communication system,PACS 图象存储和传输系统
pitch 螺距 ;pixel 像素 ;plain scan 平扫 ;pleural effusion 胸腔积液
posterior cerebral artery,PCA 大脑后动脉 ;preventive maintenace 日常维护程序
protrusion of intervertebral disk 椎间盘突出
Q
quantitative computed tomography,QCT 定量CT
R
region of interest 兴趣区;retinoblastoma 视网膜母细胞瘤
S
scout view 定位扫描 ;slice increment 间距 ;slice thickness 层厚
spatial resolution 空间分辨率 ;spinal srenosis 椎管狭窄
spiral CT/helical CT 螺旋CT ;subdural hematoma 硬膜下血肿
T
teleradiology 远程放射学 ;temporal resolution 时间分辨率
thin slice scan 薄层扫描; threshold 阈值; tomography 体层摄影
three dimension computed tomography,3 DCT 三维CT
three-dimensional surface reconstrction,SSD 三维表面重建 ;tuberculosis 肺结核
U
ultrafast CT,UFCT 超高速CT ;ultravist 优维显 ;urografin 泛影葡胺
V
vertebral artery,VA 椎动脉;virtual endoscopy,VE 仿真内镜
volume acquisition 容积采集 ;volume scan 容积扫描 ;voxel matrix 像素矩阵
W
window level 窗位 ;window width 窗宽 ;work station 工作站
X
Xeroradiography 干板照相 ;X-ray tube X线球管 ;Xenon,Xe 氙气
medical imageology 医学影像学 ;diagnostic radiology 放射诊断学
x-ray diagnosis X线诊断 ;imaging 影像 ;contrast 对比 ;resolution 分辨率
fluoroscopy 荧光透视 ;radiology 放射摄影 ;tomography 体层摄影
contrast agents (media) 造影剂 ;protection from radiation 放射防护
computed tomography (CT) 计算机体层摄影 ;ct scanner CT扫描仪(CT机)
analog/digital converter 模拟/数字转换器 ;digital/analog converter 数字/模拟转换器
voxel 体素 ;pixel 象素 ;spatial resolution 空间分辨率 ;density resolution 密度分辨率
Houlsfield unit CT值单位 ;plain ct scan CT平扫 ;contrast enhancement ct scan CT增强扫描
convertional CT 常规CT ;spiral CT 螺旋CT ;ultrafast ct (electric beam CT) 超高速CT(电子束CT)
contrast=对比度 slice thickness层厚
anterior pararenal space 肾旁前间隙;aortopulmonary window level 主肺动脉窗层面
bone window 骨窗;CT angiography, CTA CT血管造影;density resolution 密度分辨力
distal of the aortic arch level 主动脉弓上层面;dural sac 硬膜囊
dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging 动脉增强扫描;electron beam CT, EBCT 电子束CT
fluid-fluid level 液-液平面;four-chamber level “四腔心”层面
higt resolution CT, HRCT 高分辨力CT;Hounsfield Unit HU
intra/extra-capsular ligaments 囊内外韧带;lateroconal fascia 侧锥筋膜
left atrial level 左心房层面;pericardial defect 心包缺损
pericardial neoplasm 心包新生物;pericardial effusions 心包渗出
pericardial thickening and calaification 心包增厚和钙化;pericardium 心包
perirenal space 肾周间隙;posterior pararenal space 肾旁后间隙
pulmonary artery level 主肺动脉层面;soft-tissue window 软组织窗
spatial resolution 空间分辨力;spiral CT 螺旋CT;aortic arch level 主动脉弓层面
ventricle level 心室层面
Interventional radiology 介入放射学
Vascular interventional radiology 血管性介入放射学 ;transcatheter embolization(TAE) 栓塞术
emboliaztion agents 栓塞剂 ;gelfoam 明胶海绵 ;Ivalon 聚乙烯醇 ;spring coil 弹簧圈
detachable ballon 可脱球囊 ;Seldinger technique 经股动脉穿刺术
percutaneoius transluminal angioplasty(PTA) 经皮血管腔内成形术
laster angioplasty 激光血管成形术 ;atherectomy 粥样斑块切除术
ultrasonic angioplasty 超声血管成形术 ;metalic stent 金属内支架
endovascular stent 血管内支架 ;restenosis 再狭窄
percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty 经皮球囊二尖瓣成形术
percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty 经皮球囊肺动脉瓣成形术
thrombolysis 血栓溶解
transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (Tipss) 经颈静脉肝内门-体静脉分流术
nonvascular interventional radiology 非血管性介入放射学
percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) 经皮经肝胆道造影
percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTCD) 经皮经肝胆道引流术
needle puncture biopsy 针刺活检 ;percutaneous pyelostomy 经皮肾盂造瘘术
下肢静脉造影 Lower Vein Angiography ;上肢静脉造影 Upper Vein Angiography
下肢动脉造影 Lower Artery Angiography ;上肢动脉造影 Upper Artery Angiography
脑血管造影 Cerebrovascular Angiograhy ;主动脉弓胸腹主动脉造影 Aorta Angiography
肾静脉取血 Kidney Vein Blood Sampling ;右心、左心造影 Right and Left Ventricular Angiography
心肌活检 Myocardiam Centesis and Sampling ;冠状动脉造影 Coronary Arteriography
腔静脉取血 Vena cava sampling ;心导管检查(微导管同)(进口仪器) Cardiac catheterization
经皮球囊扩张 Percutaneous balloon dilatating
予激综合症心内膜检测 Endocardial investigation of preexcitation syndrome
希氏束电图 Electrocardiogram of bundle of His ;心脏临时起搏 Cardiac temporary pacing
埋置永久心脏起搏器 Cardioc permanent pacemaker implanting
体肢动脉系统介入治疗 Transartery interventional therapy
支气管动脉介入治疗 Bronchus artery interventional therapy
肺动脉介入治疗 Pulmonary artery interventional therapy
头臂动脉介入治疗 Brachiocephalic artery interventional therapy
静脉介入治疗 Veinous interventional therapy
冠状动脉介入治疗(球囊成形) Coronary Artery interventional therapy (balloon angioplasty)
冠状动脉介入治疗(腔内旋磨) Coronary Artery interventional therapy (rotablating)
冠状动脉介入治疗(腔内支架) Coronary Artery interventional therapy (stent implantaion)
主动脉介入治疗 Aorta interventional therapy ;肾动脉介入治疗 Renal artery interventional therapy
心脏瓣膜成形术 Heart valvuloplasty ;房间隔缺损封堵术 Atrial septal defect closer
室间隔缺损封堵术 Ventricular septal defect closer ;动脉导管封堵术 Patent doctus arteriosus closer
冠状动脉瘘封堵术 Coronary artery fistula closer ;冠状动脉腔内超声 Intracoronary ultrasound
非冠状动脉血管内支架置入治疗 Stenting therapy of non-coronary artery
经皮清除血管内异物 Transluminal eyewinker clearing
经皮放置静脉滤器 Transluminal filter implantaion
angiography 血管造影
digital subtration angiography (DSA) 数字减影血管造影 ;digital radiography (DR) 数字X线摄影
intraarterial DSA (IADSA) 动脉DSA ;intravenous DSA (IVDSA) 静脉DSA
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