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Supplementary materialAssertions of type of sepsisBSI in primary care was identified using Read codes. These codes usually represent the entry of hospital discharge information into the primary care record either by the GP or a nurse/administrator. BSI in secondary care was identified using ICD-10 codes at hospital discharge based on an existing code list. For hospital-documented sepsis, the cause of sepsis was classified as urosepsis, sepsis of other infectious origin, and unspecified sepsis. Urosepsis was further divided into those that represented the main reason for admission (UTI and sepsis code in positions 1&2) and secondary sepsis (codes in any other position). For sepsis due to other infections, defined as a sepsis code not linked to a UTI or urosepsis, we distinguished between respiratory and other causes of sepsis. Some sepsis cases were only reported in primary care. As it is highly unlikely that sepsis is managed entirely in primary care, we examined all ICD-10 codes relating to the patient’s hospital admission to try and understand the rationale for the primary care sepsis code. Code listsAll code lists are based on Gharbi et al. (2019) (see main reference list). Were changes were made to the code lists, these are indicated at the corresponding table. All tables are also available as Excel workbooks at Table 1 – Read codes and ICD-10 codes used to define study population, exposures, outcomes and covariatesLower UTIPrimary careRead codeDescription1AG..00Recurrent urinary tract infections1J4..00Suspected UTIK15..00CystitisK150.00Acute cystitisK15z.00Cystitis NOSK190.00Urinary tract infection, site not specifiedK190.11Recurrent urinary tract infectionK190100Pyuria, site not specifiedK190200Post operative urinary tract infectionK190300Recurrent urinary tract infectionK190311Recurrent UTIK190400Chronic urinary tract infectionK190500Urinary tract infectionK190z00Urinary tract infection, site not specified NOSSP07700Infect+inflam react due pros dev, implt+graft in urinary systSP07Q00Catheter associated urinary tract infectionSP07Q11CAUTI - catheter associated urinary tract infectionK15y.00Other specified cystitisK152z00Other chronic cystitis NOSK152.00Other chronic cystitisK152y00Chronic cystitis unspecifiedK155.00Recurrent cystitisK15yz00Other cystitis NOS1AZ6000Mild lower urinary tract symptoms7N51.00[SO]Lower urinary tract1AZ6100Moderate lower urinary tract symptoms1AZ6.00Lower urinary tract symptomsKyu5100[X]Other cystitis14D4.00H/O: recurrent cystitisUpper UTIPrimary careRead codeDescriptionK100.00Chronic pyelonephritisK100000Chronic pyelonephritis without medullary necrosisK100100Chronic pyelonephritis with medullary necrosisK100400Nonobstructive reflux-associated chronic pyelonephritisK100500Chronic obstructive pyelonephritisK100600Calculous pyelonephritisK100z00Chronic pyelonephritis NOSK101.00Acute pyelonephritisK101000Acute pyelonephritis without medullary necrosisK101z00Acute pyelonephritis NOSK104.00Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritisK10y.00Pyelonephritis and pyonephrosis unspecifiedK10y000Pyelonephritis unspecifiedK10y300Pyelonephritis in diseases ECK10yz00Unspecified pyelonephritis NOSK100200Chronic pyelitisK10y400Pyelitis in diseases ECK101200Acute pyelitisK10y100Pyelitis unspecifiedK102000Renal abscessK102.00Renal and perinephric abscessK102100Perinephric abscessK102z00Renal and perinephric abscess NOSK10..00Infections of kidneyK10z.00Infection of kidney NOSK10..11Renal infectionsK10..00Infections of kidneyK10z.00Infection of kidney NOSK21..11Prostatitis and other inflammatory diseases of prostateK210.00Acute prostatitisK211.00Chronic prostatitisK214.00Prostatitis in diseases ECK214z00Prostatitis in diseases EC NOSK21z.00Prostatitis NOSK213.00ProstatocystitisK212.00Abscess of prostateK10y200Pyonephrosis unspecifiedK105.00Chronic infective interstitial nephritisA160200Tuberculous pyelonephritisA160100Tuberculous pyelitisRecurrent UTIPrimary careRead codeDescription1AG..00Recurrent urinary tract infectionsK190.11Recurrent urinary tract infectionK190300Recurrent urinary tract infectionK190311Recurrent UTIK190400Chronic urinary tract infectionK152z00Other chronic cystitis NOSK152.00Other chronic cystitisK152y00Chronic cystitis unspecifiedK155.00Recurrent cystitis14D4.00H/O: recurrent cystitisK100.00Chronic pyelonephritisK100000Chronic pyelonephritis without medullary necrosisK100100Chronic pyelonephritis with medullary necrosisK100400Nonobstructive reflux-associated chronic pyelonephritisK100500Chronic obstructive pyelonephritisK100600Calculous pyelonephritisK100z00Chronic pyelonephritis NOSK100200Chronic pyelitisK211.00Chronic prostatitisK105.00Chronic infective interstitial nephritisSepsisPrimary carereadcodedescriptionA38z.11SepsisA38..00SepticaemiaA3C..00SepsisK190600UrosepsisA38z.00Septicaemia NOSA381.00Staphylococcal septicaemiaR106.00[D]Unspecified bacteraemiaA380.00Streptococcal septicaemiaA382.00Pneumococcal septicaemiaA384200Escherichia coli septicaemiaA384211E.coli septicaemiaA384.00Septicaemia due to other gram negative organismsA3Cz.00Sepsis NOSA3Cy.00Other specified sepsisA381000Septicaemia due to Staphylococcus aureusA38y.00Other specified septicaemiasA380100Septicaemia due to streptococcus, group BA384300Pseudomonas septicaemiaA384000Gram negative septicaemia NOSA380300Septicaemia due to streptococcus pneumoniaeA384100Haemophilus influenzae septicaemiaA380400Septicaemia due to enterococcusA380000Septicaemia due to streptococcus, group AAyu3J00[X]Septicaemia, unspecifiedAB2y300Candidal septicaemiaA270100Listeria septicaemiaA383.00Septicaemia due to anaerobesA3C3.00Sepsis due to Gram negative bacteriaA381100Septicaemia due to coagulase negative staphylococcusA3C0100Sepsis due to Streptococcus group BA380500Vancomycin resistant enterococcal septicaemiaA3C1.00Sepsis due to StaphylococcusA384400Serratia septicaemiaA3C2.11Sepsis due to anaerobesAB2y500Candidal sepsisA3C1000Sepsis due to Staphylococcus aureusA3C0300Sepsis due to Streptococcus pneumoniaeA3C0000Sepsis due to Streptococcus group AA3C0.00Sepsis due to StreptococcusA270611Listerial sepsisA384z00Other gram negative septicaemia NOSA3C0z00Streptococcal sepsis, unspecifiedA3C0y00Other streptococcal sepsisAyu3F00[X]Streptococcal septicaemia, unspecifiedA396.00Sepsis due to ActinomycesA3C2.00Sepsis due to anaerobic bacteriaAyu3E00[X]Other streptococcal septicaemiaA271100Erysipelothrix septicaemiaAyu3G00[X]Septicaemia due to other gram-negative organismsA3C3.11Sepsis due to Gram negative organismsAB2y511Sepsis due to CandidaA3C3y00Sepsis due to other Gram negative organismsA270600Sepsis due to Listeria monocytogenesAyu3H00[X]Other specified septicaemiaLower UTISecondary careICD-10DescriptionN30.0Acute cystitisN30.9Cystitis, unspecifiedN30.8Other cystitisN39.0Urinary tract infection, site not specifiedUpper UTISecondary care (excluding urinary calculus)ICD-10DescriptionN10Acute tubulo-interstitial nephritisN12Tubulo-interstitial nephritis, not specified as acute or chronicN13.6PyonephrosisN15.1Renal and perinephric abscessN15.8Other specified renal tubulo-interstitial diseasesN15.9Renal tubulo-interstitial disease, unspecifiedN16.0Renal tubulo-interstitial disorders in infectious and parasitic diseases classified elsewhereN28.8Other specified disorders of kidney and ureterN34.0Urethral abscessN34.1Nonspecific urethritisN34.2Other urethritisN34.3Urethral syndrome, unspecifiedN41.0Acute prostatitisN41.1Chronic prostatitisN41.2Abscess of prostateN41.3ProstatocystitisN41.8Other inflammatory diseases of prostateN41.9Inflammatory disease of prostate, unspecifiedN11.0Nonobstructive reflux-associated chronic pyelonephritisN11.1Chronic obstructive pyelonephritisN11.8Other chronic tubulo-interstitial nephritisN11.9Chronic tubulo-interstitial nephritis, unspecifiedSepsisSecondary care (excluding R78.81, which did not exist in our dataset)ICD-10DescriptionA40.0Sepsis due to streptococcus, group AA40.1Sepsis due to streptococcus, group BA40.2Sepsis due to streptococcus, group DA40.3Sepsis due to Streptococcus pneumoniaeA40.8Other streptococcal sepsisA40.9Streptococcal sepsis, unspecifiedA41.0Sepsis due to Staphylococcus aureusA41.1Sepsis due to other specified staphylococcusA41.2Sepsis due to unspecified staphylococcusA41.3Sepsis due to Haemophilus influenzaeA41.4Sepsis due to anaerobesA41.5Sepsis due to other Gram-negative organismsA41.8Other specified sepsisA41.9Sepsis, unspecifiedR57.2Septic shockR65.0Severe sepsis without septic shockR65.1Severe sepsis with septic shockSupplementary table 2 - Generalized estimating equation models of the association between immediate antibiotic prescribing for UTI by gender MaleFemalePatient characteristicsAdj. OR (95%-CI)p-valueAdj. OR (95%-CI)p-valueNo antibiotic0.97 (0.78-1.20)0.7641.29 (1.04-1.59)0.019Age (continuous; per 5 years)1.19 (1.12-1.26)<0.0011.28 (1.22-1.34)<0.001Index of Multiple deprivationQ1 (least deprived)11Q21.06 (0.82-1.37)0.6611.37 (1.09-1.73)0.007Q30.98 (0.76-1.28)0.9081.45 (1.15-1.83)0.002Q41.18 (0.89-1.55)0.2431.39 (1.08-1.79)0.01Q5 (most deprived)1.40 (1.05-1.87)0.0211.54 (1.18-2.02)0.001RegionSouth of England11London1.04 (0.76-1.43)0.8110.95 (0.72-1.25)0.699Midlands and east of England1.16 (0.94-1.44)0.1751.10 (0.92-1.32)0.292North of England and Yorkshire1.30 (1.03-1.64)0.0251.08 (0.89-1.33)0.437NHS financial year2007/081.20 (0.84-1.71)0.3260.93 (0.69-1.26)0.6562008/091.04 (0.73-1.50)0.8170.94 (0.70-1.27)0.7032009/100.92 (0.63-1.32)0.6380.81 (0.59-1.09)0.1672010/11112011/120.94 (0.66-1.35)0.7540.97 (0.72-1.30)0.8262012/130.97 (0.68-1.38)0.8521.17 (0.88-1.55)0.2732013/141.37 (0.98-1.90)0.0631.22 (0.92-1.63)0.1612014/151.67 (1.19-2.36)0.0031.62 (1.22-2.16)0.001CCI (cont.)1.08 (1.04-1.13)<0.0011.15 (1.11-1.19)<0.001Smoking statusNon-smoker11Ex-smoker0.99 (0.82-1.19)0.8860.96 (0.81-1.13)0.603Smoker1.10 (0.79-1.53)0.5891.37 (1.02-1.83)0.036Hospital staysDischarged from hospital in prior 7 days 1.46 (0.98-2.17)0.061.30 (0.85-1.99)0.228Discharged from hospital in prior 30 days1.14 (0.85-1.53)0.3821.59 (1.20-2.11)0.001Number of weeks spent in hospital in prior year1.04 (1.02-1.07)<0.0011.06 (1.03-1.08)<0.001Number of admissions in prior year (per 5 admissions)1.90 (1.32-2.73)<0.0011.62 (1.11-2.36)0.012Accidents & Emergencies attendancesA&E attendance in prior 30 days1.12 (0.79-1.59)0.5361.24 (0.89-1.72)0.213Number of attendances in prior year (per 5 attendances)1.03 (0.76-1.38)0.8550.98 (0.70-1.38)0.911Antibiotic in prior 30 days1.31 (1.08-1.60)0.0071.24 (1.04-1.47)0.014Index event was home visit2.21 (1.70-2.87)<0.0012.26 (1.80-2.84)<0.001Supplementary table 3 - Generalized estimating equation models of the association between immediate antibiotic prescribing for UTI and a) all-cause mortality within 60 days and b) hospitalisations without evidence of UTI or sepsis within 60 days Death within 60 daysOther hospitalisationPatient characteristicsAdj. OR (95%-CI)p-valueAdj. OR (95%-CI)p-valueNo antibiotic1.17 (1.09-1.26) <0.001 1.20 (1.14-1.25) <0.001 Age (continuous; per 5 years)0.56 (0.53-0.59) <0.001 0.70 (0.67-0.72) <0.001 Female gender1.65 (1.62-1.68) <0.001 1.20 (1.19-1.21) <0.001 Index of Multiple deprivationQ1 (least deprived)1 1 Q21.15 (1.06-1.24) <0.001 1.04 (0.99-1.09) 0.140 Q31.20 (1.10-1.30) <0.001 1.09 (1.04-1.15) <0.001 Q41.16 (1.06-1.27) 0.001 1.15 (1.09-1.22) <0.001 Q5 (most deprived)1.13 (1.02-1.24) 0.021 1.22 (1.15-1.29) <0.001 RegionSouth of England1 1 London0.81 (0.73-0.90) <0.001 1.07 (1.01-1.14) 0.024 Midlands and east of England0.99 (0.92-1.06) 0.732 1.08 (1.04-1.13) <0.001 North of England and Yorkshire0.99 (0.92-1.07) 0.786 1.15 (1.10-1.20) <0.001 NHS financial year2007/081.17 (1.05-1.30) 0.005 1.00 (0.94-1.07) 0.962 2008/091.13 (1.02-1.26) 0.023 1.08 (1.02-1.15) 0.010 2009/101.02 (0.92-1.14) 0.714 1.05 (0.98-1.11) 0.144 2010/111 1 2011/120.94 (0.85-1.05) 0.272 0.94 (0.88-1.00) 0.060 2012/131.03 (0.93-1.14) 0.603 0.91 (0.85-0.96) 0.002 2013/140.89 (0.80-1.00) 0.049 0.91 (0.86-0.97) 0.005 2014/151.06 (0.95-1.19) 0.306 0.95 (0.89-1.02) 0.163 CCI (cont.)1.16 (1.15-1.18) <0.001 1.12 (1.11-1.12) <0.001 Smoking statusNon-smoker1 1 Ex-smoker0.88 (0.83-0.94) <0.001 1.08 (1.04-1.12) <0.001 Smoker1.37 (1.22-1.53) <0.001 1.41 (1.32-1.50) <0.001 Hospital staysDischarged from hospital in prior 7 days 1.03 (0.89-1.20) 0.658 1.16 (1.06-1.28) 0.001 Discharged from hospital in prior 30 days1.54 (1.39-1.70) <0.001 1.45 (1.36-1.55) <0.001 Number of weeks spent in hospital in prior year1.05 (1.05-1.06) <0.001 1.01 (1.01-1.02) <0.001 Number of admissions in prior year (per 5 admissions)2.65 (2.20-3.18) <0.001 4.17 (3.67-4.75) <0.001 Accidents & Emergencies attendancesA&E attendance in prior 30 days1.33 (1.18-1.49) <0.001 1.30 (1.20-1.40) <0.001 Number of attendances in prior year (per 5 attendances)0.80 (0.69-0.93) 0.003 1.32 (1.19-1.47) <0.001 Antibiotic in prior 30 days1.27 (1.19-1.35) <0.001 1.12 (1.08-1.17) <0.001 Index event was home visit2.35 (2.17-2.54) <0.001 1.63 (1.53-1.73) <0.001 Supplementary table 4 - Generalized estimating equation models of the association between immediate antibiotic prescribing for UTI and sepsis a) within 60 days for a patient’ first episode and b) within 30 days among all episodesSepsis within 60 days(first episode only)Sepsis within 30 days(all episodes)Patient characteristicsAdj. OR (95%-CI)p-valueAdj. OR (95%-CI)p-valueNo antibiotic0.96 (0.79-1.18) 0.7251.25 (1.06-1.48) 0.007 Age (continuous; per 5 years)0.50 (0.43-0.59) <0.001 0.45 (0.39-0.51) <0.001 Female gender1.25 (1.19-1.31) <0.001 1.23 (1.18-1.29) <0.001 Index of Multiple deprivationQ1 (least deprived)1 1 Q21.46 (1.16-1.84) 0.0011.19 (0.99-1.44) 0.069 Q31.32 (1.03-1.67) 0.0251.08 (0.89-1.32) 0.430 Q41.51 (1.18-1.94) 0.0011.23 (1.00-1.52) 0.056 Q5 (most deprived)1.65 (1.27-2.14) <0.001 1.32 (1.05-1.65) 0.015 RegionSouth of England1 1 London0.93 (0.71-1.23) 0.6240.93 (0.73-1.18) 0.540 Midlands and east of England1.13 (0.94-1.35) 0.21.14 (0.98-1.33) 0.098 North of England and Yorkshire1.18 (0.97-1.44) 0.1011.09 (0.92-1.30) 0.323 NHS financial year2007/080.92 (0.70-1.21) 0.5540.98 (0.76-1.28) 0.909 2008/091.00 (0.75-1.33) 0.9850.95 (0.73-1.24) 0.712 2009/100.74 (0.54-1.01) 0.0610.76 (0.58-1.00) 0.053 2010/111 1 2011/120.87 (0.63-1.19) 0.3770.85 (0.65-1.10) 0.211 2012/131.02 (0.76-1.38) 0.8831.07 (0.84-1.37) 0.594 2013/141.18 (0.88-1.60) 0.2721.24 (0.97-1.58) 0.083 2014/151.56 (1.14-2.13) 0.0051.62 (1.27-2.06) <0.001 CCI (cont.)1.10 (1.07-1.14) <0.001 1.12 (1.09-1.15) <0.001 Smoking statusNon-smoker1 1 Ex-smoker0.94 (0.79-1.11) 0.4420.90 (0.78-1.03) 0.134 Smoker1.41 (1.09-1.83) 0.011.32 (1.04-1.69) 0.024 Hospital staysDischarged from hospital in prior 7 days 1.66 (1.16-2.38) 0.0051.70 (1.24-2.33) 0.001 Discharged from hospital in prior 30 days1.25 (0.95-1.64) 0.1061.21 (0.95-1.54) 0.126 Number of weeks spent in hospital in prior year1.05 (1.03-1.07) <0.001 1.05 (1.03-1.07) <0.001 Number of admissions in prior year (per 5 admissions)2.39 (1.64-3.48) <0.001 1.62 (1.23-2.13) <0.001 Accidents & Emergencies attendancesA&E attendance in prior 30 days1.23 (0.89-1.71) 0.2171.33 (1.02-1.73) 0.036 Number of attendances in prior year (per 5 attendances)0.69 (0.47-1.02) 0.0621.09 (0.89-1.34) 0.405 Antibiotic in prior 30 days1.23 (1.03-1.48) 0.0231.22 (1.06-1.41) 0.006 Index event was home visit2.34 (1.87-2.92) <0.001 2.30 (1.90-2.80) <0.001 Supplementary Table 5 – Propensity score analysis (parametric: logistic regression): results of the multivariate analysis are shown for both matching with up to 5 controls and inverse probability matching. In the case of matching two models were estimated, one using the general estimating equations used in the main analysis and a conditional logistic regression accounting for the matching procedure.MatchingInverse probability weightingGeneral estimating equationConditional logistic regressionGeneral estimating equationPatient characteristicsOR (95%-CI)OR (95%-CI)OR (95%-CI)No antibiotic1.10 (0.95-1.28) 1.14 (0.97-1.34) 1.27 (1.08-1.49) Age (continuous; per 5 years)0.50 (0.44-0.57) 0.44 (0.17-1.14) 0.47 (0.42-0.53) Female gender1.22 (1.17-1.27) 1.25 (1.19-1.31) 1.24 (1.19-1.28) Index of Multiple deprivationQ1 (least deprived)111Q21.19 (0.99-1.43) 1.25 (1.01-1.56) 1.23 (1.03-1.46) Q31.14 (0.94-1.38) 1.24 (0.98-1.56) 1.24 (1.03-1.48) Q41.27 (1.04-1.56) 1.36 (1.07-1.74) 1.32 (1.09-1.60) Q5 (most deprived)1.44 (1.16-1.78) 1.56 (1.20-2.02) 1.47 (1.20-1.80) RegionSouth of England111London0.96 (0.76-1.21) 0.92 (0.70-1.22) 1.02 (0.82-1.27) Midlands and east of England1.13 (0.97-1.32) 1.20 (1.00-1.45) 1.14 (0.99-1.32) North of England and Yorkshire1.23 (1.04-1.46) 1.23 (0.96-1.57) 1.18 (1.01-1.38) NHS financial year2007/081.07 (0.82-1.39) 1.23 (0.90-1.67) 1.04 (0.82-1.31) 2008/090.99 (0.76-1.28) 0.97 (0.72-1.31) 1.05 (0.83-1.33) 2009/100.80 (0.61-1.05) 0.80 (0.58-1.10) 0.85 (0.67-1.09) 2010/111112011/120.96 (0.74-1.24) 0.91 (0.67-1.24) 0.98 (0.78-1.24) 2012/131.10 (0.86-1.41) 1.18 (0.86-1.61) 1.07 (0.85-1.34) 2013/141.34 (1.06-1.70) 1.59 (1.12-2.25) 1.23 (0.99-1.54) 2014/151.64 (1.28-2.09) 1.89 (1.29-2.78) 1.60 (1.27-2.01) CCI (cont.)1.11 (1.08-1.14) 1.13 (1.09-1.18) 1.13 (1.10-1.16) Smoking statusNon-smoker111Ex-smoker0.97 (0.85-1.11) 0.95 (0.81-1.12) 0.95 (0.84-1.08) Smoker1.10 (0.85-1.41) 1.19 (0.89-1.60) 1.20 (0.95-1.51) Hospital staysDischarged from hospital in prior 7 days 1.37 (1.00-1.87) 1.44 (0.90-2.31) 1.35 (1.00-1.82) Discharged from hospital in prior 30 days1.30 (1.03-1.64) 1.21 (0.83-1.76) 1.30 (1.05-1.62) Number of weeks spent in hospital in prior year1.05 (1.03-1.07) 1.06 (1.03-1.10) 1.05 (1.03-1.07) Number of admissions in prior year (per 5 admissions)1.98 (1.44-2.71) 2.87 (1.70-4.86) 1.72 (1.16-2.54) Accidents & Emergencies attendancesA&E attendance in prior 30 days1.14 (0.88-1.47) 1.39 (0.82-2.37) 1.21 (0.94-1.57) Number of attendances in prior year (per 5 attendances)0.95 (0.73-1.25) 0.83 (0.55-1.26) 0.99 (0.75-1.31) Antibiotic in prior 30 days1.23 (1.07-1.42) 1.38 (0.82-2.30) 1.28 (1.12-1.46) Index event was home visit2.24 (1.88-2.68) 2.51 (0.99-6.39) 2.29 (1.91-2.74) Supplementary Table 6 – Propensity score analysis (non-parametric: gradient boosting machine): results of the multivariate analysis are shown for both matching with up to 5 controls and inverse probability matching. In the case of matching two models were estimated, one using the general estimating equations used in the main analysis and a conditional logistic regression accounting for the matching procedure.MatchingInverse probability weightingGeneral estimating equationConditional logistic regressionGeneral estimating equationPatient characteristicsOR (95%-CI)OR (95%-CI)OR (95%-CI)No antibiotic1.10 (0.94-1.27) 1.15 (0.98-1.35) 1.28 (1.09-1.51) Age (continuous; per 5 years)0.50 (0.44-0.58) 0.55 (0.44-0.69) 0.48 (0.42-0.54) Female gender1.23 (1.18-1.28) 1.25 (1.19-1.31) 1.24 (1.19-1.29) Index of Multiple deprivationQ1 (least deprived)111Q21.18 (0.98-1.43) 1.28 (1.02-1.60) 1.22 (1.02-1.46) Q31.18 (0.97-1.44) 1.26 (1.00-1.58) 1.27 (1.06-1.51) Q41.31 (1.07-1.61) 1.19 (0.94-1.52) 1.34 (1.11-1.63) Q5 (most deprived)1.52 (1.22-1.89) 1.61 (1.24-2.08) 1.50 (1.23-1.83) RegionSouth of England111London1.05 (0.84-1.32) 1.20 (0.91-1.58) 1.02 (0.82-1.26) Midlands and east of England1.21 (1.04-1.41) 1.19 (0.99-1.43) 1.16 (1.00-1.33) North of England and Yorkshire1.14 (0.96-1.36) 1.13 (0.92-1.40) 1.16 (1.00-1.36) NHS financial year2007/081.10 (0.84-1.43) 1.13 (0.84-1.53) 1.05 (0.83-1.33) 2008/091.07 (0.82-1.39) 1.00 (0.74-1.36) 1.05 (0.83-1.33) 2009/100.83 (0.63-1.10) 0.83 (0.60-1.14) 0.85 (0.67-1.08) 2010/111112011/121.05 (0.81-1.36) 1.06 (0.79-1.43) 0.99 (0.79-1.25) 2012/131.18 (0.92-1.52) 1.13 (0.84-1.51) 1.09 (0.87-1.37) 2013/141.44 (1.13-1.83) 1.32 (0.99-1.77) 1.28 (1.02-1.59) 2014/151.68 (1.30-2.17) 1.75 (1.28-2.38) 1.67 (1.33-2.10) CCI (cont.)1.10 (1.07-1.13) 1.10 (1.06-1.14) 1.12 (1.09-1.15) Smoking statusNon-smoker111Ex-smoker0.98 (0.85-1.12) 0.96 (0.82-1.13) 0.95 (0.84-1.08) Smoker1.21 (0.95-1.55) 1.23 (0.92-1.64) 1.23 (0.98-1.55) Hospital staysDischarged from hospital in prior 7 days 1.35 (0.99-1.84) 1.67 (1.12-2.47) 1.34 (1.00-1.81) Discharged from hospital in prior 30 days1.28 (1.02-1.61) 1.28 (0.96-1.71) 1.32 (1.07-1.63) Number of weeks spent in hospital in prior year1.05 (1.03-1.07) 1.05 (1.02-1.08) 1.05 (1.03-1.07) Number of admissions in prior year (per 5 admissions)2.18 (1.54-3.08) 2.29 (1.38-3.78) 1.74 (1.15-2.63) Accidents & Emergencies attendancesA&E attendance in prior 30 days1.23 (0.96-1.59) 1.13 (0.82-1.54) 1.24 (0.97-1.59) Number of attendances in prior year (per 5 attendances)0.85 (0.62-1.16) 0.82 (0.54-1.24) 0.99 (0.74-1.31) Antibiotic in prior 30 days1.23 (1.07-1.41) 1.09 (0.90-1.33) 1.27 (1.11-1.45) Index event was home visit2.21 (1.85-2.63) 2.65 (1.99-3.54) 2.31 (1.93-2.75) ................
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