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Electronic AppendixFigure LegendsFigure S1. Flow diagram of studies citing reporting guidelines selected for categorization of use(a) ARRIVE - Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments; (b) PRISMA - Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses; (c) CONSORT - Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials; (d) CHEERS - Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards Figure S2. Boxplot of appropriateness of use and time between publication of citing article and reporting guideline.Table LegendsTable S1. Categorizations of use of randomly sampled articles citing the major reporting guidelinesTable S2. Results of multinomial logistic regression of appropriateness of use of reporting guideline in citing articles over time since their publication. The model assumes linear trend in the log odds ratio. For the three outcome categories of appropriateness, the reference category is “Appropriate Use” and results are presented with 95% confidence intervals. Table S1. Categorizations of use of randomly sampled articles citing the major reporting guidelinesAuthorPublication YearTitleJournalDigital Object IdentifierTextReviewer #1 CategorizationReviewer #1 CommentsReviewer #2 CategorizationReviewer #2 CommentsInter-Rater AgreementFinal CategorizationCategoryCHEERS???????????Rinciog et al2017A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Nintedanib in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis in the UKPHARMACOECONOMICS10.1007/s40273-016-0480-2? Our economic analysis was based on evidence collected from large international clinical trials and followed the NICE reference case and international guidelines for best practice in economic modelling [41, 45].7- other *CHEERS was not directly mentioned in the article, only referenced for the above paragraph7-Other?Yes7-OtherunclearTseng et al2018Cost-effectiveness analysis of endoscopic tympanoplasty versus microscopic tympanoplasty for chronic otitis media in TaiwanJOURNAL OF THE CHINESE MEDICAL ASSOCIATION10.1016/j.jcma.2017.06.024? Methods: Economic model:We followed the guidelines of the Consolidated Health Economic Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement established in 2013. 6- unclear ?6-Unclear?Yes6-UnclearunclearPoder et al2018Cost-effectiveness of Free, in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease hospitalised for acute exacerbations: analysis of a pilot study in QuebecBMJ OPEN10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018835? Methods: We conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis using bootstrapping (data resampling) and the criteria in the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards checklist.2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useAnopa et al2015Improving Child Oral Health: Cost Analysis of a National Nursery Toothbrushing ProgrammePLOS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0136211? Despite the fact that this study is a partial economic evaluation, the authors followed the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) guidelines (http:// reporting-guidelines/cheers/) for reporting economic evaluations of health interventions1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useGordon et al2017Noninvasive fetal RHD genotyping of RhD negative pregnant women for targeted anti-D therapy in Australia: A cost-effectiveness analysisPRENATAL DIAGNOSIS10.1002/pd.5176? Methods and Materials: The CHEERS statement for reporting health economic studies was adhered to Husereau et al.1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate usePlumpton et al2015Economic evaluation of a behavior-modifying intervention to enhance antiepileptic drug adherenceEPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.01.035? The economic evaluation was analyzed in Microsoft Excel 2010 and was reported according to the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards. 1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate usePickard et al2018Continuous low-dose antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent urinary tract infection in adults who perform clean intermittent self-catheterisation: the AnTIC RCTHEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT10.3310/hta22240? Methods: This analysis has been designed and conducted to best practice conforming to the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards.2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useSimpson et al2017Observed Cost and Variations in Short Term Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy for Ischemic Stroke in Interventional Management of Stroke (IMS) IIIJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION10.1161/JAHA.116.004513? Consensus has emerged that nonparametric bootstrapping, combined with cost-effectiveness acceptability curves be used to show the variability in the ICER.7- other *CHEERS was not directly mentioned in the article, only referenced for the above paragraph2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineThe authors refer to an analysis to be included in the study so this would be a methodologic guidelineNo2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useSvedbom et al2015Is dibotermin alfa a cost-effective substitute for autologous iliac crest bone graft in single level lumbar interbody spine fusion?CURRENT MEDICAL RESEARCH AND OPINION10.1185/03007995.2015.1092123? Material and methods: This economic evaluation is reported according to the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS)1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useCotton et al2017Cost Utility Analysis of Topical Steroids Compared With Dietary Elimination for Treatment of Eosinophilic EsophagitisCLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY10.1016/j.cgh.2016.11.032? This study also has several strengths. The study was performed and reported in accordance with applicable guidelines.6- unclear *CHEERS was not directly mentioned in the article, only referenced for the above paragraph6-Unclear?Yes6-UnclearunclearRudgard et al2017Comparison of two cash transfer strategies to prevent catastrophic costs for poor tuberculosis-affected households in low- and middle-income countries: An economic modelling studyPLOS MEDICINE10.1371/journal.pmed.1002418? For transparency, the study was reported according to the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) checklist [30]1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useBraam et al2017Cost-effectiveness of a combined physical exercise and psychosocial training intervention for children with cancer: Results from the quality of life in motion studyEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER CARE10.1111/ecc.12586? The present economic evaluation was performed alongside a RCT. In the CHEERS guidelines, this is acknowledged as the best way to perform an economic evaluation because such a trial provides individual, prospective patient data resulting in reliable estimates of costs and effects (Husereau et al., 2013; Petrou & Gray, 2011)2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useDe la Puente et al2017Latin American Clinical Epidemiology Network Series - Paper 8: Ticagrelor was cost-effective vs. clopidogrel in acute coronary syndrome in ChileJOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.04.019? This publication follows the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards, developed by a task force supported by the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research .1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useSutherland et al2016Cost effectiveness of a multi-component school-based physical activity intervention targeting adolescents: the 'Physical Activity 4 Everyone' cluster randomized trialINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY10.1186/s12966-016-0418-2? The study adhered to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines (), and the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) Statement ( cheers/)6- unclear ?6-Unclear?Yes6-UnclearunclearWiddison et al2016A cost-minimization analysis of first intention laparoscopic compared to open right hemicolectomy for colon cancerANNALS OF MEDICINE AND SURGERY10.1016/j.amsu.2015.11.005 ? A cost minimization study from the healthcare system perspective was performed [17]. ? This has previously been reported but was important to demonstrate for a cost minimization analysis to be performed [17].7- other *CHEERS was not directly mentioned in the article, only referenced for the above paragraph7-Other?Yes7-Other?unclearBonastre et al2014Cost Effectiveness of Molecular Profiling for Adjuvant Decision Making in Patients With Node-Negative Breast CancerJOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY10.1200/JCO.2013.54.9931? Study Design and Comparators :The checklist items from the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards were used to report this cost-effectiveness study.1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useMason et al2017Ciclosporin compared with prednisolone therapy for patients with pyoderma gangrenosum: cost-effectiveness analysis of the STOP GAP trialBRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY10.1111/bjd.15561? Reporting follows the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement.331-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate usevan de Vrie et al2017Cost-effectiveness of laparoscopy as diagnostic tool before primary cytoreductive surgery in ovarian cancerGYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.06.019? Our study was reported according to the CHEERS guidelines. 1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useTirani et al2015Health and Economic Outcomes of Introducing the New MenB Vaccine (Bexsero) into the Italian Routine Infant Immunisation ProgrammePLOS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0123383? The CHEERS (Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards) checklist for reporting economic evaluation analysis was followed1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useViolato et al2016Cost-effectiveness of community versus hospital eye service follow-up for patients with quiescent treated age-related macular degeneration alongside the ECHoES randomised trialBMJ OPEN10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011121? The evaluation was undertaken using established guidelines for conducting and reporting cost-effectiveness analyses.2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline*CHEERS was not directly mentioned in the article, only referenced for the above paragraph6-UnclearBoth reporting and methodologic inference so unclearNo6-UnclearunclearPizzi et al2014Cost and Cost Effectiveness of Vaginal Progesterone Gel in Reducing Preterm Birth: An Economic Analysis of the PREGNANT TrialPHARMACOECONOMICS10.1007/s40273-014-0133-2? This paper was developed in accordance with the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) to ensure inclusion of relevant information.1-Use as a reporting guideline* Because of the wording “to ensure inclusion of relevant information” , interpreted this as being a reporting tool. 1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useWard et al2017Cost-effectiveness of nivolumab for recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancerORAL ONCOLOGY10.1016/j.oraloncology.2017.09.017? Methods: Decision: This report conforms to the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reports standards (CHEERS) statement and is exempt from Institutional Review Board approval.1-Use as a reporting guideline* interpreted the word “Report” as being synonymous with reporting. However, they could be using “Report” as a synonym to “paper” or “study” etc.1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useCambau et al2017Performance and economic evaluation of the molecular detection of pathogens for patients with severe infections: the EVAMICA open-label, cluster-randomised, interventional crossover trialINTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE10.1007/s00134-017-4766-4? Costeffectiveness evaluation: The prospective economic evaluation was concurrent with the randomized trial, in accordance with the CHEERS (Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards) statement.2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useKolesar et al2017Cost-effectiveness analysis and mortality impact estimation of scaling-up pregnancy test kits in Madagascar, Ethiopia and MalawiHEALTH POLICY AND PLANNING10.1093/heapol/czx013? This study follows the WHO guidance on cost-effectiveness analysis and aligns with the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement 6- unclear ?6-Unclear?Yes6-UnclearunclearPerez et al2015Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Incretin Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes in Spain: 1.8 mg Liraglutide Versus SitagliptinDIABETES THERAPY10.1007/s13300-015-0103-5 Healthcare payers mustmake decisions on how best to allocate thesescarce resources, and economic evaluation ofnew and existing healthcare interventions isplaying an increasingly important role ininforming these decisions [18, 19].7-OtherI initially thought of classifying this article as 5: Cited to stress the importance of reporting guidelines. However, the author does not stress the importance of Reporting guidelines, but of sconomic evaluations. For that reason, I found the use of the CHEERS citation ambiguous and put it as other. 7-Other?Yes7-Otherinappropriate useBonouvrie et al2016Epidural analgesia during labour, routinely or on request: a cost-effectiveness analysisEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY AND REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.07.488"Using the data of the TREAT trial, a cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted from a societal perspective according to the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS)"2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineQuotation is a 2 ("The study or analysis was conducted according to CHEERS")2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useReeves et al2016The Effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and acceptability of Community versus Hospital Eye Service follow-up for patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration with quiescent disease (ECHoES): a virtual randomised balanced incomplete block trialdHEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT10.3310/hta20800"The economic evaluation took the cost perspective of the UK NHS, personal social services and private practice optometrists, and was performed in accordance with established guidelines and recent publications. [21-23]"2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineQuotation is a 2 ("The study or evaluation was performed in accordance with established CHEERS guidelines")2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useStockdale et al2017An economic evaluation of the healthcare cost of tinnitus management in the UKBMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH10.1186/s12913-017-2527-2"It is reported according to the consolidated health economic evaluation reporting standards (CHEERS; [21])"1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useTsoi et al2015Incorporating ulipristal acetate in the care of symptomatic uterine fibroids: a Canadian costutility analysis of pharmacotherapy managementCLINICOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH10.2147/CEOR.S78115"The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards were followed in reporting this economic evaluation."1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useWilson et al2014Treating Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis with the Addition of Co-Trimoxazole: An Economic Evaluation Alongside a Randomised Controlled TrialPHARMACOECONOMICS10.1007/s40273-013-0112-z"Reporting of this economic evaluation is compliant with the CHEERS statement"1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useKanzow et al2016Cost-effectiveness of repairing versus replacing composite or amalgam restorationsJOURNAL OF DENTISTRY10.1016/j.jdent.2016.08.008"Reporting of this study followed the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) guidelines"1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useHornberger et al2015Cost-Effectiveness of Combinatorial Pharmacogenomic Testing for Treatment-Resistant Major Depressive Disorder PatientsAMERICAN JOURNAL OF MANAGED CARENot available"The research methods and analytic framework followed the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) Good Practices for Outcomes Research and the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS)."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useHahne et al2017Individualized Physical Therapy Is Cost-Effective Compared With Guideline-Based Advice for People With Low Back DisordersSPINE10.1097/BRS.0000000000001734"A within-trial cost-utility analysis was conducted from the health care perspective, including Australian Government and private health care resources relating to LBDs.20,21""The study design and analysis was in accordance with methodological guidelines for cost-effectiveness studies.21,28,35"2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useScangas et al2017Cost Utility Analysis of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery for Chronic Rhinosinusitis With and Without Nasal PolyposisLARYNGOSCOPE10.1002/lary.26169"This economic analysis follows the 2013 Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards instructions."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineThis citation falls under the "Sensitivity Analysis" section of the "Methods & Materials" part thus we felt that the authors used this citation to guide statistical analysis conduct and design6-UnclearThis citation could refer to reporting or methodologic standardsNo6-UnclearunclearMason et al2018Doxycycline compared with prednisolone therapy for patients with bullous pemphigoid: cost-effectiveness analysis of the BLISTER trialBRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY10.1111/bjd.16006"Reporting follows the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement"1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useCiani et al2018Decision uncertainty and value of further research: a case-study in fenestrated endovascular aneurysm repair for complex abdominal aortic aneurysmsCOST EFFECTIVENESS AND RESOURCE ALLOCATION10.1186/s12962-018-0098-7"This economic evaluation was undertaken and reported according to the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement"6-UnclearThe quotation can be categorized as 2 ("Economic evaluation was undertaken according to CHEERS") or 1 ("Economic evaluation was reported according to CHEERS") Thus, it is conflicting and an 'unclear' categorization6-Unclear?Yes6-UnclearunclearHall et al2016Cost-effectiveness of the Cardiac Component of the Focused Assessment of Sonography in Trauma Examination in Blunt TraumaACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE10.1111/acem.12936"In this cost-effectiveness analysis following published guidelines and the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS),14,15 two separate decision-analytic models for normotensive and hypotensive (systolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg) blunt trauma patients were developed to compare the effectiveness, as determined by quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and cost-effectiveness, as determined by incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) and net monetary benefit (NMB), of performing versus not performing a cFAST exam. "2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineEven though this citation was ambiguous "This analysis, following CHEERS," the citation was under the "Study Design" part of the "Methods" section giving an example as use as a methodological guideline2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useTao et al2015Cost-effectiveness of intensive multifactorial treatment compared with routine care for individuals with screen-detected Type 2 diabetes: analysis of the ADDITION-UK cluster-randomized controlled trialDIABETIC MEDICINE10.1111/dme.12711"This manuscript was prepared according to the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) guidelines"1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useSnowsill et al2015A model-based assessment of the cost-utility of strategies to identify Lynch syndrome in early-onset colorectal cancer patientsBMC CANCER10.1186/s12885-015-1254-5"Additional file 1 gives further details about our modelling approach for interested readers and to allow completion of the CHEERS checklist [20] in Additional file 2.""Additional file 1: Support for CHEERS checklist. Provides additional information to support the CHEERS checklist (Additional file 2), including further details of the decision analytic model and tornado diagrams for univariate sensitivity analyse.""Additional file 2: CHEERS checklist. Gives references to where in this document or in the other additional files the CHEERS checklist items are satisfied"1-Use as a reporting guidelineThe authors provided information in the article and in the additional file 1 to support their use of the CHEERS checklist (evidenced in additional file 2)1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useGu et al2015The Cost-Effectiveness of Low-Cost Essential Antihypertensive Medicines for Hypertension Control in China: A Modelling StudyPLOS MEDICINE10.1371/journal.pmed.1001860"The methods and reporting of this study conform to Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) [34] and Quality of Health Economic Studies Instrument standards recommended for cost-effectiveness analyses of CVD risk-factor guidelines""S1 CHEERS Checklist. Standard checklist for cost-effectiveness studies."6-UnclearFrom the first quotation, the CHEERS guidelines were used as a methodological guideline ("The methods conform to CHEERS")The first quotation and the supplemental CHEERS checklist of the article which demonstrate the authors accordance with the reporting CHEERS guideline, provide evidence for 1 ("reporting of this study conform to CHEERS")Thus, it is conflicting and an 'unclear' categorization. The #56 example in CONSORT there was no clear evidence of methodological use as this first quote6-Unclear?Yes6-UnclearunclearDixon et al2016Cost-effectiveness of telehealth for patients with raised cardiovascular disease risk: evidence from the Healthlines randomised controlled trialBMJ OPEN10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012352"The analysis was conducted in line with best practice guidance."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineCan be categorized as 2 ("the cost-effectivenss analysis was conducted")2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useThoma et al2014Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Parallel to a Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Vertical Scar Reduction and Inverted T-Shaped Reduction MammaplastyPLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY10.1097/PRS.0000000000000751"A final strength of our study is that, at its inception, we used the methodology expected of economic evaluations.15,20,28,29"2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineEven though the citation appears to be assessing the study quality using the CHEERS guideline (4); we thought category 2 was better for the quotation (authors used CHEERS as a methodological guideline at the inception of the study)2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useRubinstein et al2015Eliminating artificial trans fatty acids in Argentina: estimated effects on the burden of coronary heart disease and costsBULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION10.2471/BLT.14.150516"Although our study is not a full economic evaluation, we used the CHEERS statement as a guide for reporting.1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useLanas et al2017Latin American Clinical Epidemiology Network Series - Paper 2: Apixaban was cost-effective vs. acenocoumarol in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation with moderate to severe risk of embolism in ChileJOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.05.018"In an attempt to improve health economics evaluations reporting, a Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) was developed by a task force supported by the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) and has been widely disseminated [26]. It includes recommendations about the contents of the publications, like setting and location, study perspective, time horizon, discount rate, choice of health outcomes, choice of model, assumptions, among others. These recommendations were followed in the design and reporting of this study, demonstrating that adequate economic evaluations can be performed in less developed countries.6-UnclearThe first part of the quotation emphasizes the importance of the CHEERS guidelines (5 - cited to stress the importance of guidelines)However, the second part of the quotation can be categorized by 2 ("These CHEERS recommendations were followed in the design of the study") and by 1 ("These CHEERS recommendations were followed in the reporting of this study")Thus, it is conflicting and an 'unclear' categorization6-Unclear?Yes6-UnclearunclearCarlsson et al2017Long-term cost-effectiveness of thrombectomy for acute ischaemic stroke in real life: An analysis based on data from the Swedish Stroke Register (Riksstroke)INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE10.1177/1747493017701154"The article follows the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS)."1-Use as a reporting guideline?6-UnclearThis could refer to following reporting guidelines or methodological standards. As such, I classified as unclearNo6-UnclearunclearPitt et al2016Cost and cost-effectiveness of newborn home visits: findings from the Newhints cluster-randomised controlled trial in rural GhanaLANCET GLOBAL HEALTH10.1016/S2214-109X(15)00207-7"Our methods and results are reported in accordance with the consolidated health economic evaluation reporting standards (CHEERS)."1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useAntunes et al2016Cost-effectiveness of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in head and neck cancer patients receiving concurrent chemoradiationORAL ONCOLOGY10.1016/j.oraloncology.2015.10.022"The resources used by patients in the LG (laser group) and PG (placebo group) were listed during the clinical trial [18] and used to quantify the treatment costs of OM (oral mucositis) [20]."7-OtherWe are unsure how the CHEERS guidelines apply to the line "the resources were used to quantify the treatment costs of oral mucositis"It could be assumed the guidelines were used for statistical analysis (category of 2) but we categorized it as 7-other as it not a clear statement7-Other?Yes7-Otherinappropriate useBarocas et al2014Economic evaluation of diagnostic localization following biochemical prostate cancer recurrenceINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN HEALTH CARE10.1017/S0266462314000476"We used the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) guideline to ensure our methodology was thorough"2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineWe felt the authors used the CHEERS guideline to make a thorough methodology with the appriopriate conduct (as opposed to a 1 and a thorough methods description)2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate usePerez et al2015Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Incretin Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes in Spain: 1.8 mg Liraglutide Versus SitagliptinDIABETES THERAPY10.1007/s13300-015-0103-5"Healthcare payers must make decisions on how best to allocate these scarce resources, and economic evaluation of new and existing healthcare interventions is playing an increasingly important role in informing these decisions [18, 19]"7-OtherFrom our understanding, the authors are stressing the importance of economic evaluations (by citing the CHEERS guidelines) which would fall into the category of 7-other7-Other?Yes7-Otherinappropriate useGuerrero et al2015A cost-utility analysis of cervical cancer screening and human papillomavirus vaccination in the PhilippinesBMC PUBLIC HEALTH10.1186/s12889-015-2046-1"A lifetime horizon was used through a Monte-Carlo simulation to cover the expected survival time of the female cohort in this study (i.e., females 11 years old and above) [18–20].7-OtherWe are unsure how the CHEERS guidelines apply to this citationIt could be assumed the guidelines were used for statistical analysis (category of 2) but we categorized it as 7-other as it not a clear statement7-Other?Yes7-Otherinappropriate usePRISMA???????????Kang et al2017Effects of Exercise on Insulin, IGF Axis, Adipocytokines, and Inflammatory Markers in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysisCANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-16-0602? Search Strategy (under Materials and Methods): We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines (Supplementary Table S1; ref. 11) and Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions (12). ? Figure 1: Prisma flow chart. 2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelinethey only mentioned PRISMA under the section entitled Search Strategy.2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useHaar et al2017Health impacts of chemical irritants used for crowd control: a systematic review of the injuries and deaths caused by tear gas and pepper sprayBMC PUBLIC HEALTH10.1186/s12889-017-4814-6? Methods: We undertook a systematic review of the literature to determine the burden, severity, and range of injuries from chemical irritants using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. ? Figure 1: Prisma flow chart.2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useImtiaz et al2017Alcohol consumption as a risk factor for tuberculosis: meta-analyses and burden of diseaseEUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL10.1183/13993003.00216-2017? Meta-analyses of study-level observational data were undertaken and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRIMSA) guidelines? Figure 1: Prisma flow chart.6-Unclear*Unclear because the meta-analyses was undertaken and reported according to Prisma (both methodology and reporting)6-Unclear?Yes6-UnclearunclearAu et al2017The impact of APOA5, APOB, APOC3 and ABCA1 gene polymorphisms on ischemic stroke: Evidence from a meta-analysisATHEROSCLEROSIS10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.08.003? Materials and methods: Search strategy: This study was performed based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta analyses (PRISMA) guideline.? Fig. 1. PRISMA flow diagram showing the study selection process of APOA5, APOB, APOC3 and ABCA1 gene polymorphisms associated with ischemic stroke risk.2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useChiang et al2017Incidence and Outcomes Associated With Infections Caused by Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci in the United States: Systematic Literature Review and Meta-AnalysisINFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY10.1017/ice.2016.254? We conducted a systematic review according to the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. ? Flow chart present, but PRISMA not referenced 2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useFrench et Kennedy2018Annual Research Review: Early intervention for infants and young children with, or at-risk of, autism spectrum disorder: a systematic reviewJOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY10.1111/jcpp.12828? Methods: This review was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses standards for systematic review. ? Figure 1: PRISMA flow diagram. 2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useSypniewska et al2017Clinical and laboratory predictors of death in African children with features of severe malaria: a systematic review and meta-analysisBMC MEDICINE10.1186/s12916-017-0906-5? Methods: We performed a systematic literature search using Medline, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Thomson Reuters Web of Knowledge. Study selection followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useBellhouse et al2018Are community-based health worker interventions an effective approach for early diagnosis of cancer? A systematic review and meta-analysisPSYCHO-ONCOLOGY10.1002/pon.4575? Methods: Search strategy: This systematic review followed the PRISMA statement, with no ethical approval required. FIGURE 1 PRISMA flow diagram of study selection2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useQian et al2016Survival and prognostic factors of systemic lupus erythematosus-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysisAUTOIMMUNITY REVIEWS10.1016/j.autrev.2015.11.012? Title: Survival and prognostic factors of systemic lupus erythematosus-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis ? Methods: This meta-analysis was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement protocol 2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useAzami et al2018Prevalence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysisBMC OPHTHALMOLOGY10.1186/s12886-018-0732-3? Methods: Study protocol: This review article was conducted based on the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) protocols. The study was conducted in five stages: design and search strategy, a collection of articles and their systematic review, evaluation of inclusion and exclusion criteria, qualitative evaluation and statistical analysis of data. ? Fig. 1 PRISMA flowchart for the selection of studies 2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useBrunoni et al2017Treatment-emergent mania/hypomania during antidepressant treatment with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS): A systematic review and meta-analysisBRAIN STIMULATION10.1016/j.brs.2016.11.005? Methods :Literature review and study selection : This review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useAbduljabbar et al2017Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy adjuvant to non-surgical periodontal therapy in patients with diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysisPHOTODIAGNOSIS AND PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY10.1016/j.pdpdt.2016.11.008 ? Based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, a specific question was constructed. The addressed focused question was: “What are the effects of aPDT as an adjunct to SRP in terms of periodontal and glycemic outcomes as compared to SRP alone in individuals with DM?” .PICO Question (Patients, Intervention, Comparative, Out- come) 2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useNobrega et al2016Irradiated patients and survival rate of dental implants: A systematic review and meta-analysisJOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY10.1016/j.prosdent.2016.04.025? Abstract: Material and methods: This systematic review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses (PRISMA) guidelines. ? Thus, the population, intervention, comparison, and outcome (PICO) criteria, as recommended by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) topic guidelines, were determined as criteria for questioning to organize a clear clinical question with an appropriate inclusion focus.2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useParkinson et al2013Preterm Birth and the Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Life: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysisPEDIATRICS10.1542/peds.2012-2177? Methods: A systematic review of studies comparing adults ($18 years of age) born preterm (,37-week GA) and at term (37- to 42-week GA) was undertaken in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta- Analyses guidelines. 2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useVan Criekinge et al2018Are unstable support surfaces superior to stable support surfaces during trunk rehabilitation after stroke? A systematic reviewDISABILITY AND REHABILITATION10.1080/09638288.2017.1323030 ? Materials and methods: Search strategy: This review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Statement (PRISMA) and registered in the PROSPERO database (no. CRD42016042950). .2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useBai et al2017Rivaroxaban Versus Dabigatran or Warfarin in Real-World Studies of Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisSTROKE10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.016275? Methods: We followed the PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses) and the reporting MOOSE (Metaanalyses of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) when performing this meta-analysis.2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useLeBras et al2017Influenza Vaccination for Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events: A Systematic ReviewCANADIAN JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL PHARMACY10.4212/cjhp.v70i1.1626? Methods: Data sources: This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement. 2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline*only referenced under Data Sources2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useZhang et al2016Risk of venous and arterial thromboembolic events associated with anti-VEGF agents in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis and systematic reviewONCOTARGETS AND THERAPY10.2147/OTT.S103735? Methods: Data source: We performed this systematic review adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statements.2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline* only referenced under Data Sources2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useSharma et al2018Clinical and echocardiographic response of apical vs nonapical right ventricular lead position in CRT: A meta-analysisJOURNAL OF ARRHYTHMIA10.1002/joa3.12041? METHODS: Data sources and search strategy: This review was constructed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analyses.2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate usePecsi et al2017Transpancreatic sphincterotomy has a higher cannulation success rate than needle-knife precut papillotomy - a meta-analysisENDOSCOPY10.1055/s-0043-111717? The systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. 2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useAta-Ali et al2017Are there differences in treatment effects between labial and lingual fixed orthodontic appliances? A systematic review and meta-analysisBMC ORAL HEALTH10.1186/s12903-017-0424-z ? Methods: Protocol and registration: This meta-analysis was based on the guidelines provided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions (version 5.1.0). The protocol was not registered. Fig. 1 Prisma? flow diagram of the search processes and results 2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useSandroni et al2012Accuracy of plethysmographic indices as predictors of fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated adults: a systematic review and meta-analysisINTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE10.1007/s00134-012-2621-1Materials and methods: Data reported in this review are in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement [9].1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useCho et al2015Acupuncture for Acute Postoperative Pain after Back Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled TrialsPAIN PRACTICE10.1111/papr.12208? DISCUSSION: Strength and weaknesses: Also, this systematic review was conducted in accord with the QUOROM statement and the PRISMA statement.? CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE RESEARCH :In this systematic review, rigorous searches were performed following PRISMA guidelines. 2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useLiu et al2014Surgical Approaches in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Meta-Analysis Comparing the Midvastus and Subvastus to the Medial Peripatellar ApproachJOURNAL OF ARTHROPLASTY10.1016/j.arth.2013.10.023? Materials and Methods This meta-analysis was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines for the conduct of meta-analysis of intervention trials.? Fig. 1. The PRISMA flow chart of literature screening.2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useTavitian-Exley et al2015Influence of different drugs on HIV risk in people who inject: systematic review and meta-analysisADDICTION10.1111/add.12846? Selection criteria and data extraction: Observational cohort studies of HIV infection risk among PWID were reviewed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement (Supporting information, Table S2). 1-Use as a reporting guideline* Categorized as 1 because they included the Prisma checklist with specific page number in Supporting information, Table S21-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useBaik et al2015Cardiocirculatory Monitoring during Immediate Fetal-to-Neonatal Transition: A Systematic Qualitative Review of the LiteratureNEONATOLOGY10.1159/000368042? Articles were identified using the stepwise approach specified in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement ( fig. 1 ).2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useRoscoe et al2015Association of orthodontic force system and root resorption: A systematic reviewAMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHODONTICS AND DENTOFACIAL ORTHOPEDICS10.1016/j.ajodo.2014.12.026? INTRODUCTION: According to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) 2009 checklist, Table I better outlines the questions that will be addressed with reference to participants, interventions, comparisons, outcomes, and study designs (PICOS) in this study? RESULTS: By using the PRISMA flow diagram, an overview of the article selection process is illustrated (Fig)2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineAuthors refer to presenting results in the manuscript according to PRISMA statement which would follow the reporting recommendationsNo1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useBerndt et al2017Effectiveness of distance learning strategies for continuing professional development (CPD) for rural allied health practitioners: a systematic reviewBMC MEDICAL EDUCATION10.1186/s12909-017-0949-5? Methods: The systematic review of the effectiveness of distance learning strategies for rural AHP followed the PRISMA statement guidelines, and the search protocol was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (registration number CRD42016041588, 30 June 2016). ? Fig. 1 PRISMA flowchart of search and review process2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate usePerazzo et al2017A Systematic Review of Health Literacy Interventions for People Living with HIVAIDS AND BEHAVIOR10.1007/s10461-016-1329-6? The authors conducted a systematic review to identify interventions aimed at promoting health literacy in PLWH. The extended guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement (and A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) checklist, which are gold standards for the procedures and reporting of systematic reviews, were used to guide the procedures of this systematic review.2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useAnne et al2016A Systematic Review of Perioperative Versus Prophylactic Antibiotics for Cochlear ImplantationANNALS OF OTOLOGY RHINOLOGY AND LARYNGOLOGY10.1177/0003489416660113? METHODS: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) recommendations were used as the methodological basis for this review ? Figure 1. Flow diagram of the literature search based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) recommendations2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useDitre et al2016Acute analgesic effects of nicotine and tobacco in humans: a meta-analysisPAIN10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000572? METHODS: 2.4. Validity assessment : The methodological quality of each study was rated on a validity scale that was based on Cochrane Collaboration criteria, PRISMA recommendations, and PEDro guidelines. The 12-item validity scale accounted for relevant aspects of internal, external, and construct validity and yielded a maximum score of 12 (Table 1).4-Use as an assessment tool of methodological quality?4-Use as an assessment tool of methodological quality?Yes4-Use as an assessment tool of methodological qualityinappropriate useDaanen et al2018Heat Acclimation Decay and Re-Induction: A Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisSPORTS MEDICINE10.1007/s40279-017-0808-x? Fig. 5 PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) flow diagram outlining the identification and inclusion processes for the qualitative and quantitative reviews.? PRISMA was not referenced or mentioned in the methods section, only for the flowchart1-Use as a reporting guideline* This is a common example seen in CONSORT, where the only mention of PRISMA is for the flow chart. After bringing this up during the meeting on July 19th, Dr. Moher mentioned that these types of articles should be reported as 1. We uniformly reported them as 1, but are not sure whether we can generalize on the categorization solely based on the flowchart. 1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useVillablanca et al2017Treatment options for the closure of secundum atrial septal defects: A systematic review and meta-analysisINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.03.073? Methods: A protocol for this systematic review was created, which we posted online and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42016045528). We followed the guidelines outlined by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) ; see in Appendix A.1-Use as a reporting guideline*Categorized as 1 because appendix A had the PRISMA checklist 1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useZamani et al2018Systematic review with meta-analysis: the worldwide prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infectionALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS10.1111/apt.14561? RESULTS : A total of 14 056 records were initially obtained from searching PubMed and Scopus. After evaluation of titles and abstracts, 9789 studies were excluded due to not being relevant or failing to meet the inclusion criteria. Then, full-text of the articles was reviewed and 53 studies were excluded based on the predefined criteria. Finally, 183 articles were included in this systematic review, of which seven were cohort and others were cross-sectional studies. A summary of the process is exhibited in a flow diagram according to the PRISMA (Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis) guideline12 (Figure 1).1-Use as a reporting guideline* Only used to report the flow of the article screening, would this still be considered Type 1?1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useGross et Du2017Hemorrhage from cerebral cavernous malformations: a systematic pooled analysisJOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY10.3171/2016.3.JNS152419 ? Methods: Study Selection: Our systematic review was performed in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. 2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useAltman et al2016Clinical benefit of intra-articular saline as a comparator in clinical trials of knee osteoarthritis treatments: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trialsSEMINARS IN ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM10.1016/j.semarthrit.2016.04.003 ? Methods: This study was conducted according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Study selection, assessment of eligibility criteria, data extraction, and statistical analysis were performed, based on a predefined protocol (PROSPERO 2015: CRD42015014487). The findings are reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement.1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useFilbay et al2015Quality of life in anterior cruciate ligament-deficient individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysisBRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE10.1136/bjsports-2015-094864? METHODS This systematic review used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for conducting and reporting systematic reviews, and the protocol for this review was prospectively registered on PROSPERO (CRD42014007499, 21 February 2014).6-Unclear* Used PRISMA for conducting AND reporting6-Unclear?Yes6-UnclearunclearNam et al2017Robot-assisted gait training (Lokomat) improves walking function and activity in people with spinal cord injury: a systematic reviewJOURNAL OF NEUROENGINEERING AND REHABILITATION10.1186/s12984-017-0232-3? Method: Materials and methods : This study was performed according to the Cochrane Review Methods and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses statement.1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useWang et al2015Pen-operative chemotherapy for patients with resectable colorectal hepatic metastasis: A meta-analysisEJSO10.1016/j.ejso.2015.05.020? Methods Search strategy: We searched the PubMed, Embase, Ovid and ScienceDirect databases for eligible clinical studies published in English from January 1979 to May 2014, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useAugustine et al2017Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preclinical StudiesSTEM CELLS TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE10.1002/sctm.17-0126? MATERIALS AND METHODS: Protocol: The protocol, developed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)-P checklist was prospectively registered and is available on the Collaborative Approach to Meta-Analysis and Review of Animal Data from Experimental Studies website (CAMARADES). We followed the PRISMA [18] guidelines for this manuscript.6-Unclear* decided to categorize as 6 because they mentioned using it as a methodological guideline and reporting. 1-Use as a reporting guidelineThe authors refer to reporting the manuscript according to the PRISMA guidelines. The use of PRISMA-P is as a methodologic guideline)No1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useBandpei et al2014RELIABILITY OF SURFACE ELECTROMYOGRAPHY IN THE ASSESSMENT OF PARASPINAL MUSCLE FATIGUE: AN UPDATED SYSTEMATIC REVIEWJOURNAL OF MANIPULATIVE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL THERAPEUTICS10.1016/j.jmpt.2014.05.006? METHODS: The present systematic review was conducted according to the guideline of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). The study was given ethical approval from the University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences.? Search Strategy: The search strategy was used according to the PRISMA statements, using the following items: participants, interventions, comparisons, outcomes, and study design. ? Fig. The PRISMA flowchart of study selection process. PRISMA, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis.2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useHafiz et al2018The Risk of Community-Acquired Enteric Infection in Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy: Systematic Review and Meta-analysisANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY10.1177/1060028018760569? INTRODUCTION: A second aim is to explore potential sources of heterogeneity in the meta-analysis. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement has been followed.6-Unclear* categorized as 6 because ‘’PRISMA statement has been followed’’ was mentioned in the introduction6-Unclear?Yes6-UnclearunclearProdromidis et Charalambous2016IS THERE A GENETIC PREDISPOSITION TO FROZEN SHOULDER? A Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisJBJS REVIEWS10.2106/JBJS.RVW.O.00007? Materials and Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology guidance was employed. ? Fig. 1 PRISMA diagram illustrating the literature search and methodology of selection.2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useTomlinson et al2016The lived experience of fatigue in children and adolescents with cancer: a systematic reviewSUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER10.1007/s00520-016-3253-8? Methods: Our systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines.2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useBagatarhan et Siyez2017Programs for Preventing Internet Addiction during Adolescence: A Systematic ReviewADDICTA-THE TURKISH JOURNAL ON ADDICTIONS10.15805/addicta.2017.4.2.0015? Method: This study is a systematic review aimed at examining programs applied to prevent Internet addiction during adolescence and these programs’ effectiveness. Following a systematic and structured approach, this study uses the PRISMA guide for systematic reviews when performing the literature review2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useJovanovski et al2017The effect of alpha-linolenic acid on glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trialsMEDICINE10.1097/MD.0000000000006531? Methods: Protocol and registration: The systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and reported following the PRISMA guidelines. The study was registered online at [ID: NCT02701894] ? Figure 1. PRISMA flow diagram. Search and data selection.1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useCereda et al2017Efficacy of a disease-specific nutritional support for pressure ulcer healing: A systematic review and meta-analysisJOURNAL OF NUTRITION HEALTH & AGING10.1007/s12603-016-0822-y? Methods: The review was conducted following the indications of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) statement (212-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useChalhoub et al2017Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: Adalimumab Monotherapy Versus Combination Therapy with Immunomodulators for Induction and Maintenance of Remission and Response in Patients with Crohn's DiseaseINFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES10.1097/MIB.0000000000001203? METHODS: study selection: This article follows the PRISMA agreement reporting guidelines, and the flow diagram for study selection is summarized in Figure 1. ? FIGURE 1. PRISMA diagram of the literature search.? Statistical Analysis: In this meta-analysis, we followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) criteria.1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guideline?Yes1-Use as a reporting guidelineappropriate useOkoroh et al2018Evaluating the impact of the national health insurance scheme of Ghana on out of pocket expenditures: a systematic reviewBMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH10.1186/s12913-018-3249-9? Methods: Search strategy and selection criteria: We did a systematic review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines? Fig. 1 PRISMA flowchart of study selection2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useTang et al2016Metabolic syndrome risk factors and dry eye syndrome: a Meta-analysisINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY10.18240/ijo.2016.07.17? MATERIALS AND METHODS: This Meta-analysis was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement checklist2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineinappropriate useCONSORT???????????Pfitzner et al2014Small Improvements in Mechanical Axis Alignment Achieved With MRI versus CT-based Patient-specific Instruments in TKA: A Randomized Clinical TrialCLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH10.1007/s11999-014-3784-6"Fig. 1 A flow diagram shows patient enrollment, allocation, followup, and analysis [33]."1-Use as a reporting guidelineAdapted Participant Flow Diagram1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useRodriguez-Sanz et al2018Effects of Median Nerve Neural Mobilization in Treating Cervicobrachial Pain: A Randomized Waiting List-Controlled Clinical TrialPAIN PRACTICE10.1111/papr.12614"The CONSORT guidelines were followed."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineThis was an ambiguous statement ("guidelines were followed") in the "Methodology" part of the paper. However, we classified it as a 2 since it fell under the "Design" section of Methodology part.6-UnclearAuthors cited the guideline without making it clear whether the guidance related to reporting or methodologyNo6-UnclearNeutral or unclearHalabchi et al2015Additional Effects of an Individualized Risk Factor-Based Approach on Pain and the Function of Patients With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled TrialCLINICAL JOURNAL OF SPORT MEDICINE10.1097/JSM.0000000000000177"The CONSORT statement is followed to describe the design of this study"1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useMartin et al2012Helping People With HIV/AIDS Return to Work: A Randomized Clinical TrialREHABILITATION PSYCHOLOGY10.1037/a0030207"Figure 1 depicts participant enrollment and follow-up in the study and our adherence to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials 2010 (Schulz, Altman, Moher, & the CONSORT Group, 2010; see also American Psychological Association, 2009) guidelines for reporting randomized clinical trial results.""Figure 1. Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials flowchart."1-Use as a reporting guidelineAdapted Participant Flow Diagram1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useSmit et al2016Results of the PAS Study: A Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Web-Based Multiple Tailored Smoking Cessation Program Combined With Tailored Counseling by Practice NursesHEALTH COMMUNICATION10.1080/10410236.2015.1049727"In line with the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT; Schulz, Altman, & Moher, 2010), Figure 1 shows the flow of respondents."1-Use as a reporting guidelineAdapted Participant Flow Diagram1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useKristensen et al2018Beneficial effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on inflammation and analgesic use in psoriatic arthritis: a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trialSCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY10.1080/03009742.2017.1287304"Randomization was done using sealed non-transparent envelopes containing the randomization numbers and kept at the investigation site according to Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines (15)."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useBoyd et Gottschall2011Assessing the Efficacy of Tragal Pumping: A Randomized Controlled TrialOTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY10.1177/0194599811399711"Figure 1. Flow diagram demonstrating patient enrollment and progress in the randomized controlled trial.5"1-Use as a reporting guidelineAdapted Participant Flow Diagram1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useBakker et al2017Randomized clinical trial of biodegradeable intraluminal sheath to prevent anastomotic leak after stapled colorectal anastomosisBRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY10.1002/bjs.10534"The trial was performed according the CONSORT guidelines"2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useSchwertner et al2013Efficacy of melatonin in the treatment of endometriosis: A phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trialPAIN10.1016/j.pain.2013.02.025"The Methods and Results sections are reported according to the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) guidelines""We conducted this trial according to CONSORT guidelines, and given that we used the Delphi List (a list of criteria for the quality assessment of randomized controlled trials), our trial can be considered to be of strong quality because all 8 items in this scale can be positively scored in our randomized controlled trial"6-UnclearQuote 1 is a category 1Quote 2 is a category 2 Thus, it is conflicting and an 'unclear' categorization6-UnclearAgreed Yes6-UnclearNeutral or unclearLesselroth et al2018Evaluation of Multimedia Medication Reconciliation Software: A Randomized Controlled, Single-Blind Trial to Diagnostic Accuracy for Discrepancy DetectionAPPLIED CLINICAL INFORMATICS10.1055/s-0038-1645889."We designed our study as per the CONSORT guidelines for reporting clinical trials and STARD guidelines for reporting studies of diagnostic tests.69–71""To the best of our knowledge, there are very few published studies comparing MR strategies and only four other randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted in the ambulatory setting, none of which adhere to the CONSORT/STARD guidelines.19,21,47,74,85,86,96,98–100"2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineThe citation of the CONSORT guideline is 70 from the references. In the second citation, the authors mention the CONSORT guidelines in a sort of assessment of their study quality vs previous published studies (4 - use as an assessment tool of methodological quality). However, the authors do not cite 70 from this quotation. Thus, the second citation should be omitted and the first citation would lead to a categorization of 2.2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useLooney et al2010Effect of Anesthetic Technique on Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C and Transforming Growth Factor beta in Women Undergoing Anesthesia and Surgery for Breast CancerANESTHESIOLOGY10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181f79a69"This trial was conducted and data reported according to the CONSORT statement""Participants who were randomly assigned, received each intended treatment, and analyzed for the primary outcome are shown in the CONSORT flow diagram (fig. 1)""Fig. 1. CONSORT flow diagram. The progress of patients through the trial is shown. GA general anesthesia."6-UnclearQuote 1 can be categorized as 2 ("This trial was conducted according to CONSORT") or 1 ("data reported according to CONSORT")Thus, it is conflicting and an 'unclear' categorization6-UnclearAgreed Yes6-UnclearNeutral or unclearSuzuki et al2012Effects of multicomponent exercise on cognitive function in older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trialBMC NEUROLOGY10.1186/1471-2377-12-128"A diagram consistent with the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) [34] that outlines the subject flow from first contact to study completion is shown in Figure 1"1-Use as a reporting guidelineAdapted Participant Flow Diagram1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useLincoln et al2012Moving From Efficacy to Effectiveness in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Psychosis: A Randomized Clinical Practice TrialJOURNAL OF CONSULTING AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY10.1037/a0028665"The study was conducted following the most recent Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials guidelines (Schulz, Altman, & Moher, 2010)."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useRodriguez-Perez et al2013Effectiveness of 1% versus 0.2% chlorhexidine gels in reducing alveolar osteitis from mandibular third molar surgery: A randomized, double-blind clinical trialMEDICINA ORAL PATOLOGIA ORAL Y CIRUGIA BUCAL10.4317/medoral.18702Materials & Methods "This clinical study was a randomized, clinical trial with two parallel groups, following the Consort statement (20)."Discussion "This study is a double-blind randomized clinical trial (RCTs), following Consort statements (20), a gold standard for studying preventive and therapeutic interventions."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineThese were ambiguous quotations ("following Consort statements") however we felt that the authors were stating that the RCT followed the CONSORT statement thus implying a methodological guideline (2)6-UnclearAuthors cited the guideline without making it clear whether the guidance related to reporting or methodologyNo6-UnclearNeutral or unclearPurcell et al2017The Effectiveness of EMLA as a Primary Dressing on Painful Chronic Leg Ulcers: A Pilot Randomized Controlled TrialADVANCES IN SKIN & WOUND CARE10.1097/01.ASW.0000516197.13492.1a"The study is reported according to the CONSORT 2010 statement."1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useAmack et al2017Comparison of Ventilation With One-Handed Mask Seal With an Intraoral Mask Versus Conventional Cuffed Face Mask in a Cadaver Model: A Randomized Crossover TrialANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE10.1016/j.annemergmed.2016.04.017"We documented subject flow in accordance with the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials Statement""Figure 1. Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials Statement diagram of subject enrollment, allocation, follow-up, and analysis."1-Use as a reporting guidelineAdapted Participant Flow Diagram1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useMoore et al2015Individualized Texting for Adherence Building (iTAB): Improving Antiretroviral Dose Timing Among HIV-Infected Persons with Co-occurring Bipolar DisorderAIDS AND BEHAVIOR10.1007/s10461-014-0971-0"Figure 1 provides a study CONSORT diagram detailing study enrollment and retention [34].""Fig. 1 Consort diagram showing study enrollment"1-Use as a reporting guidelineAdapted Participant Flow Diagram1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useOzcan et al2015Effect of Diltiazem on Coronary Artery Flow and Myocardial Perfusion in Patients With Isolated Coronary Artery Ectasia and Either Stable Angina Pectoris or Positive Myocardial Ischemic Stress TestAMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.07.033"This report complies with Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement"1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useKim et al2012Efficacy of Fibrin Sealant for Drainage Reduction in Total Thyroidectomy with Bilateral Central Neck DissectionOTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY10.1177/0194599812449315"Collection and analyses of the data were conducted in accordance with updated Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines.19""Figure 1. Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) diagram of the progress through the phases of the trial."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineIn the PRISMA papers, we felt that when a CONSORT or PRISMA diagram was presented as the only citation - the categorization was a 1. But in cases where a diagram was cited in addition to another citation, we felt the paper citation alone was more important than the diagram. Thus, the 2 categorization.2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineAgreed Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useIribhogbe et al2017Comparative analysis of the safety and tolerability of fixed-dose artesunate/amodiaquine versus artemether/lumefantrine combinations for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in pregnancy: a randomized open label studyCLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY-ADVANCES AND APPLICATIONS10.2147/CPAA.S131351"A flow chart was developed for the study based on the CONSORT 2010 statement for the reporting of clinical trials."1-Use as a reporting guidelineAdapted Participant Flow Diagram1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useLevi et al2015Intrauterine Device Placement During Cesarean Delivery and Continued Use 6 Months Postpartum A Randomized Controlled TrialOBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY10.1097/AOG.0000000000000882"All study activities adhered to the CONSORT guidelines for reporting clinical trials"6-Unclear?6-UnclearAuthors cited the guideline without making it clear whether the guidance related to reporting or methodologyYes6-UnclearNeutral or unclearBlum et al2016Randomized trial assessing home use of two pregnancy tests for determining early medical abortion outcomes at 3, 7 and 14 days after mifepristoneCONTRACEPTION10.1016/j.contraception.2016.04.001"Analysis and findings are reported according to the CONSORT guidelines""Fig. 1. Consort flow chart."1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useEvans et al2014Efficacy of a natural mineral complex in North American adults with osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled studyOPEN ACCESS RHEUMATOLOGY-RESEARCH AND REVIEWS10.2147/OARRR.S71161"The results of this study are presented in line with the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) guidelines."1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useDell-Kuster et al2017Efficacy and safety of carbetocin given as an intravenous bolus compared with short infusion for Caesarean section - double-blind, double-dummy, randomized controlled non-inferiority trialBRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA10.1093/bja/aex034Statistical Analysis Section of Paper"We followed the CONSORT statement and its extension for non-inferiority trials. We planned to perform a per-protocol and an intention-to-treat analysis, but they coincide as there were no post-randomization dropouts and no protocol violations. All analyses and graphs were performed using Intercooled Stata Version 14.1 for Macintosh"2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineWe felt that the authors used the CONSORT statement and its non-inferiority trial extension for proper conduct regarding statistical analysis. Thus, it should be categorized as 2.6-UnclearAuthors cited the guideline without making it clear whether the guidance related to reporting or methodologyNo6-UnclearNeutral or unclearAverbach et al2017Immediate versus delayed postpartum use of levonorgestrel contraceptive implants: a randomized controlled trial in UgandaAMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY10.1016/j.ajog.2017.06.005"FIGURE CONSORT flow diagram"1-Use as a reporting guidelineAdapted Participant Flow Diagram1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useHamdani et al2014Ultrasound-Guided Continuous Interscalene Block: The Influence of Local Anesthetic Background Delivery Method on Postoperative Analgesia After Shoulder Surgery A Randomized TrialREGIONAL ANESTHESIA AND PAIN MEDICINE10.1097/AAP.0000000000000112"This study is reported according to the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) recommendations"1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useBink et al2014Neurocognitive Effects of Neurofeedback in Adolescents With ADHD: A Randomized Controlled TrialJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY10.4088/JCP.13m08590"In this article, the CONSORT 2010 guidelines for reporting parallel-group randomized trials were followed""eAppendix 1. Supplement effects of Neurofeedback in ADHD: CONSORT CHECKLIST"1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate usevan Leijsen et al2012Can preoperative urodynamic investigation be omitted in women with stress urinary incontinence? A non-inferiority randomized controlled trialNEUROUROLOGY AND URODYNAMICS10.1002/nau.22230"Figure 1 shows the trial profile [23]."1-Use as a reporting guidelineAdapted Participant Flow Diagram1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useRinfret et al2013Telephone contact to improve adherence to dual antiplatelet therapy after drug-eluting stent implantationHEART10.1136/heartjnl-2012-303004"This article follows the recommendations of the CONSORT (CONsolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) statement."1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useFlemmig et al2012Randomized Controlled Trial Assessing Efficacy and Safety of Glycine Powder Air Polishing in Moderate-to-Deep Periodontal PocketsJOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY10.1902/jop.2011.110367"The format of this report follows the current guidelines for reporting parallelgroup randomized trials put forth by the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) 2010 Statement."1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate usede Vos et al2017Long-term effects of a lifestyle intervention and oral glucosamine sulphate in primary care on incident knee OA in overweight womenRHEUMATOLOGY10.1093/rheumatology/kex145"The present manuscript was prepared according to the CONsolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) Statement guidelines"1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useKramer et al2014Intraventricular Tissue Plasminogen Activator in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patients: A Prospective, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Pilot TrialNEUROCRITICAL CARE10.1007/s12028-014-9965-z"It is being reported as recommended by the CONSORT Statement"1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useAbbas et al2016Simultaneous Administration Compared With a 24-Hour Mifepristone-Misoprostol Interval in Second-Trimester Abortion A Randomized Controlled TrialOBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY10.1097/AOG.0000000000001688"Figure 1 shows the consort flow chart for this trial"1-Use as a reporting guidelineAdapted Participant Flow Diagram1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useBowler et al2012A Comparison of Cognitive Bias Modification for Interpretation and Computerized Cognitive Behavior Therapy: Effects on Anxiety, Depression, Attentional Control, and Interpretive BiasJOURNAL OF CONSULTING AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY10.1037/a0029932"A CONSORT diagram (Schulz, Altman, Moher, & the CONSORT group, 2010) illustrating participant flow throughout the study is presented in Figure 1.""Figure 1. Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) diagram illustrating flow of participants through the study."1-Use as a reporting guidelineAdapted Participant Flow Diagram1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useKnobloch et al2013Cellulite and Focused Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy for Non-Invasive Body Contouring: a Randomized TrialDERMATOLOGY AND THERAPY10.1007/s13555-013-0039-5"The study protocol was composed according to the most recent CONSORT 2010 recommendations for transparent reporting of RCTs [12, 13]. The study protocol according to the CONSORT recommendations has been published previously [14].""The patient enrollment flow chart according to the CONSORT statement is outlined in Fig. 1.""Fig. 1 CONSORT patient flow chart. Modified with permission from Knobloch et al."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineFrom the first quotation, "the study protocol was composed according to CONSORT," we put down a 6 (omitted the Figure. 1 in this decision due to previous considerations in line #22)6-UnclearAuthors cited the guideline without making it clear whether the guidance related to reporting or methodologyNo6-UnclearNeutral or unclearSalib et al2013A prospective randomised single-blinded clinical trial comparing the efficacy and tolerability of the nasal douching products Sterimar and Sinus Rinse following functional endoscopic sinus surgeryCLINICAL OTOLARYNGOLOGY10.1111/coa.12132"The study results have been reported in accordance with the CONSORT 2010 statement including a checklist (Table 3) and flow diagram (Fig. 1).""Table 3. CONSORT 2010 checklist of information to include when reporting a randomised trial*""Fig. 1. CONSORT flow diagram."1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useMcMurran et al2016Psychoeducation with problem-solving (PEPS) therapy for adults with personality disorder: a pragmatic randomised controlled trial to determine the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a manualised intervention to improve social functioningHEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT10.3310/hta20520"The analysis and reporting of the trial was in accordance with Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines.""The CONSORT diagram in Figure 2 summarises the assessments completed at each time point."6-UnclearQuote 1 can be categorized as a 2 ("The analysis of the trial was in accordance with CONSORT") or a 1 ("The reporting of the trial was in accordance with CONSORT")Quote 2 is an adapted participant flow diagram and is a 1Thus, it is conflicting and an 'unclear' categorization6-UnclearAgreed Yes6-UnclearNeutral or unclearCachoeira et al2017Positive effects of transcranial direct current stimulation in adult patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder - A pilot randomized controlled studyPSYCHIATRY RESEARCH10.1016/j.psychres.2016.11.009"Trial design and its reporting followed the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) group recommendations"6-UnclearThe quotation can be categorized as a 2 ("Trial designed followed CONSORT") or 1 ("Trial reporting followed CONSORT") Thus, it is conflicting and an 'unclear' categorization6-UnclearAgreed Yes6-UnclearNeutral or unclearZiegler et al2011Efficacy and Safety of Antioxidant Treatment With alpha-Lipoic Acid Over 4 Years in Diabetic Polyneuropathy The NATHAN 1 trialDIABETES CARE10.2337/dc11-0503"The patient disposition throughout the trial according to the CONSORT Statement 2010 flow diagram (21) is shown in Fig. 1."1-Use as a reporting guidelineAdapted Participant Flow Diagram1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useEritz et al2016A life history intervention for individuals with dementia: a randomised controlled trial examining nursing staff empathy, perceived patient personhood and aggressive behavioursAGEING & SOCIETY10.1017/S0144686X15000902"We aimed for the reporting of this randomised controlled trial to be consistent with the recommendations set forward by the CONSORT group"1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useShields et Taylor2015The feasibility of a physical activity program for young adults with Down syndrome: A phase II randomised controlled trialJOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL & DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITY10.3109/13668250.2015.1014027"Figure 1. Design and flow of participants through the trial. Figure 1 was created based on guidelines developed by CONSORT (CONSORT, 2010; Schulz, Altman, Moher, & for the CONSORT Group, 2010)."1-Use as a reporting guidelineAdapted Participant Flow Diagram1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useUllah et al2016Randomized trial comparing pulmonary vein isolation using the SmartTouch catheter with or without real-time contact force dataHEART RHYTHM10.1016/j.hrthm.2016.05.011"All patients gave informed consent to participate to the study, which was approved by the UK National Research Ethics Service and reported according to CONSORT guidelines.1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useVerdu et Soldevilla2012IPARZINE-SKR study: randomized, double-blind clinical trial of a new topical product versus placebo to prevent pressure ulcersINTERNATIONAL WOUND JOURNAL10.1111/j.1742-481X.2011.00918.x"In addition, the authors wrote this article in accordance with the recommendations set out in the CONSORT guide (20)."1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useMemarpour et al2016Comparison of Oral Health Education and Fluoride Varnish to Prevent Early Childhood Caries: A Randomized Clinical TrialCARIES RESEARCH10.1159/000446877"Figure 1 shows the flow diagram of study participants according to the CONSORT checklist [Moher et al., 2010]."1-Use as a reporting guidelineAdapted Participant Flow Diagram1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useCramer et al2017Randomised clinical trial: yoga vs written self-care advice for ulcerative colitisALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS10.1111/apt.14062"The study was conducted and reported in accordance with the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials 2010 guideline.6-UnclearThe quotation can be categorized as a 2 ("The study was conducted in accordance with CONSORT") or a 1 ("The study was reported in accordance with CONSORT") Thus, it is conflicting and an 'unclear' categorization6-UnclearAgreed Yes6-UnclearNeutral or unclearUeda et al2018Randomized trial of amino acid mixture combined with physical activity promotion for abdominal fat reduction in overweight adultsDIABETES METABOLIC SYNDROME AND OBESITY-TARGETS AND THERAPY10.2147/DMSO.S153151"This article completely conforms to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials 2010 rules."1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useCoomarasamy et al2016PROMISE: first-trimester progesterone therapy in women with a history of unexplained recurrent miscarriages - a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, international multicentre trial and economic evaluationHEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT?10.3310/hta20410"We planned to summarise the recruitment numbers, those lost to follow-up, protocol violations and other relevant data, using a Consolidated Standards Of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) diagram.""This chapter commences with a CONSORT diagram that describes the flow of participants through each stage of the trial (see Figure 6).""Following previously published CONSORT recommendations, significance tests were not given between randomised treatment arms."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineFrom the citation, "Following previously published CONSORT recommendations," we felt that the authors used CONSORT for statistical analysis conduct guidelines (omitted the first quotation and its reference to the CONSORT figure due to previous considerations in line #22)6-UnclearInconsistency across paragraphsYes6-UnclearNeutral or unclearLuger et al2017Vitamin D-3 Loading Is Superior to Conventional Supplementation After Weight Loss Surgery in Vitamin D-Deficient Morbidly Obese Patients: a Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled TrialOBESITY SURGERY10.1007/s11695-016-2437-0"The study methods are in accordance with the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines for reporting randomized trials""Fig. 1 CONSORT flow chart of participant recruitment in the randomized controlled trial"2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineFrom the citation, "The study methods are in accordance with CONSORT," we felt that the authors used CONSORT for methodological guideline (omitted the second quotation and its reference to the CONSORT figure due to previous considerations in line #22)2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineAgreed Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useHoppe et al201630 mL Single- versus 80 mL double-balloon catheter for pre-induction cervical ripening: a randomized controlled trialJOURNAL OF MATERNAL-FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE10.3109/14767058.2015.1067297"A randomized study was designed following the CONSORT guidelines""Figure 1. CONSORT 2010 flow diagram."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineFrom the citation, "A randomized study was designed following CONSORT," we felt that the authors used CONSORT for methodological guideline (omitted the second quotation and its reference to the CONSORT figure due to previous considerations in line #22)2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineAgreed Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useSkrepnik et al2017Assessing the Impact of a Novel Smartphone Application Compared With Standard Follow-Up on Mobility of Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis Following Treatment With Hylan G-F 20: A Randomized Controlled TrialJMIR MHEALTH AND UHEALTH10.2196/mhealth.7179"Statistical Analyses Section of PaperThe Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials guidelines were followed""Go to: Multimedia Appendix 2 CONSORT-EHEALTH-v1-6."1-Use as a reporting guidelineSince the authors had a CONSORT checklist, they showed their proof of using the checklist. Thus, classifying this citation as a 1. Even though the first citation, could be argued for a 2; we felt that they followed the use of CONSORT checklist as use as a reporting guideline1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useARRIVE???????????Freitas et al2016Omega-3 fatty acids are able to modulate the painful symptoms associated to cyclophosphamide-induced-hemorrhagic cystitis in miceJOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.09.007"Experiments were conducted in accordance with current guidelines for the care of laboratory animals, ethical guidelines for the investigation of experimental pain in conscious animals and the ARRIVE Guidelines Checklist [16,17]."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useHiyari et al2015Heritability of periodontal bone loss in miceJOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH10.1111/jre.12258"All mice were handled according to protocols approved by the Office for Protection of Research Subjects at UCLA and conforms to the ARRIVE guidelines (18)."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useIzawa et al2018beta 1-integrin-matrix interactions modulate cerebral microvessel endothelial cell tight junction expression and permeabilityJOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM10.1177/0271678X17722108"All animal protocols and experiments were reviewed and approved by the University of Washington Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. These studies were performed following institutionally approved procedures complying with the National Institute of Health’s Guide for the Care and Use of 642 Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 38(4) Laboratory Animals. They conform to the deliberations of STAIR and the ARRIVE Guidelines.27,28"2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useFrigon et al2017Left-right coordination from simple to extreme conditions during split-belt locomotion in the chronic spinal adult catJOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON10.1113/JP272740"The experiments comply with the ARRIVE guidelines (Kilkenny et al. 2010) and principles of animal research established by the Journal of Physiology (Grundy, 2015)."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useSolis et al2016Dissociable effects of the prodrug phendimetrazine and its metabolite phenmetrazine at dopamine transportersSCIENTIFIC REPORTS10.1038/srep31385"Experimental protocols complied with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals39, were approved by the Virginia Commonwealth University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee, and are reported according to the ARRIVE guidelines40"1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate usePaniz et al2014Neuroprotective effects of guanosine administration on behavioral, brain activity, neurochemical and redox parameters in a rat model of chronic hepatic encephalopathyMETABOLIC BRAIN DISEASE10.1007/s11011-014-9548-x"All procedures with animals followed the ARRIVE guidelines (Kilkenny et al. 2010)."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useYashavarddhan et al2017Targeting DNA Repair through Podophyllotoxin and Rutin Formulation in Hematopoietic Radioprotection: An in Silico, in Vitro, and in Vivo StudyFRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY10.3389/fphar.2017.00750"Animal studies are reported in compliance with the ARRIVE guidelines (Kilkenny et al., 2012)."1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useBerger et al2017Citrobacter rodentium Subverts ATP Flux and Cholesterol Homeostasis in Intestinal Epithelial Cells In VivoCELL METABOLISM10.1016/j.cmet.2017.09.003"Experiments were designed in agreement with the ARRIVE guidelines (Kilkenny et al., 2010), for the reporting and execution of animal experiments, including sample randomization and blinding."6-UnclearThe authors state that the ARRIVE guidelines are used "for the reporting and execution of animal experiments" but they used the ARRIVE guidelines to "design the experiments" 6-UnclearUclear whether the guidance related to reporting or methodologyYes6-UnclearNeutral or unclearPhaelante et al2015N-acetylcysteine Plus Deferoxamine Improves Cardiac Function in Wistar Rats After Non-reperfused Acute Myocardial InfarctionJOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH10.1007/s12265-015-9633-5"All procedures followed during this investigation are in accordance with ARRIVE (Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments) [19]."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useBhowmick et al2017Acidotoxicity via ASIC1a Mediates Cell Death during Oxygen Glucose Deprivation and Abolishes ExcitotoxicityACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00355"Research was conducted in accordance with ARRIVE guidelines for reporting animal research.64"2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useKreinest et al2016A Porcine Animal Model for Early Meniscal Degeneration - Analysis of Histology, Gene Expression and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Six Months after Resection of the Anterior Cruciate LigamentPLOS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0159331"According to the ARRIVE guidelines for reporting animal research [36] we have to report that one G?ttingen minipig that was included in a pilot study of three animals (data not shown) has to be killed due to an infection in the left knee joint after ACLR."1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useCruz-Baquero et al2017Different behavior of myeloperoxidase in two rodent amoebic liver abscess modelsPLOS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0182480"The current protocol was developed based on the ARRIVE guidelines for reporting animal research [43], and was approved by the Ethics in Research Committee of the Escuela Superior de Medicina (IPN)"2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useRodrigues et al2012VEGF(165) Gene Therapy Improves Left Ventricular Function and Exercise Capacity in Diabetic Rats after Myocardial Infarction: Impact on Mortality RateJOURNAL OF DIABETES & METABOLISM10.4172/2155-6156.S4-006"The experimental protocol was approved by the institutional animal care and use committee of the Medical School of the University of Sao Paulo, and this investigation was conducted in accordance with previously described [13]."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineI assume ref.13 refers to ARRIVE.Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useRieger et al2017Chitosan in viscosupplementation: in vivo effect on rabbit subchondral boneBMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS10.1186/s12891-017-1700-4"The experimental work on rabbits was performed under the authorization of the ethical committee of VetAgro Sup, veterinary campus of Lyon (authorization number 1373) and in full accordance with European legislation and the ARRIVE statement [31]."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useWong et al2018Ultrafine Particulate Matter Combined With Ozone Exacerbates Lung Injury in Mature Adult Rats With Cardiovascular DiseaseTOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES10.1093/toxsci/kfy018MATERIALS AND METHODS"This study adheres to the ARRIVE guidelines for animal research (Kilkenny et al., 2010)."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?6-UnclearAlthough the statement "(this study adheres to ARRIVE)" is under methods section, It is unclear whether the guidance related to reporting or methodologyNo6-UnclearNeutral or unclearTurner et al2017Effects of nebulised magnesium sulphate on inflammation and function of the guinea-pig airwayEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.03.004"The ARRIVE Guidelines on Animal Research: Reporting In Vivo Experiments have been adhered to in the design and execution of the study (Kilkenny et al., 2012; McGrath et al., 2010)."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useProsser-Loose et al2015Delayed Intervention with Intermittent Hypoxia and Task Training Improves Forelimb Function in a Rat Model of Cervical Spinal InjuryJOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA10.1089/neu.2014.3789"Here, we extend these preclinical findings, in a randomized, blinded, and sham-controlled study, organized as outlined in the Animal Research: Reporting In Vivo Experiments recommendations[14] to investigate the role of motor training combined with AIHinduced recovery.""There is a growing acknowledgment among investigators doing pre-clinical biomedical research that many rodent studies are not performed with sufficient methodological rigor or at least with the reporting of such standards.14,40"6-UnclearFirst quote: citation can be classified as a 2 ("organizd the randomized, blinded, and sham-controlled study according to ARRIVE")Second quote: citation can be classified as a 5-stressing the importance of reporting guidelines6-UnclearIt is unclear whether the guidance related to reporting or methodologyYes6-UnclearNeutral or unclearSchwarzmaier et al2015Identification of the Vascular Source of Vasogenic Brain Edema following Traumatic Brain Injury Using In Vivo 2-Photon Microscopy in MiceJOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA10.1089/neu.2014.3775"The results of this study are being reported in accordance with ARRIVE guidelines.24"1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useTorres-Duran et al2014Protective effect of Spirulina platensis on fatty liver induced by a single sublethal dose of carbon tetrachloride in wistar ratsBOLETIN LATINOAMERICANO Y DEL CARIBE DE PLANTAS MEDICINALES Y AROMATICASNot available?"All procedures were performed in strictly observing the international (Animal Research: Reporting In Vivo Experimental, ARRIVE guidelines) (Kilkenny et al., 2012) and national guidelines for care and use of experimental animals (Laboratory Animals and Official Mexican Norms, NOM-062-ZOO-1999) (de Aluja, 2002)"2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useAbreu et al2015Tramadol-induced hyperalgesia and its prevention by ketamine in rats A randomised experimental studyEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIOLOGY10.1097/EJA.0000000000000296"The study was approved by the institutional animal care and use committee [Ethics Committee on Animal Experimentation (CEA) of the University Complutense, Madrid, Spain, Chairperson Prof Jose? Francisco Tirado Ferna?ndez; CEA approval date, 29 May 2008] and the care of animal and licensing guidelines under which the study was performed were in accordance with the ARRIVE (Animals in Research: Reporting In Vivo Experiments) statement.24"2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useMajewska et al2015Oral Application of T4 Phage Induces Weak Antibody Production in the Gut and in the BloodVIRUSES-BASEL10.3390/v7082845MATERIALS AND METHODS4.6. Ethics StatementsAll animal experiments were performed according to EU Directive 2010/63/EU for animal experimentations and were approved by the 1st Local Committee for Experiments with the Use of Laboratory Animals, Wroclaw, Poland (No. 64/2009 and 76/2011). The authors followed the ARRIVE (Animal Research: Reporting of in vivo Experiments) guidelines [46]."6-UnclearThe citation could be interpreted as a 2 since the citation was in the MATERIALS AND METHODS section of the paper. But without interpretation, it is 6-unclear6-UnclearAlthough the statement "(this study adheres to ARRIVE)" is under methods section, It is unclear whether the guidance related to reporting or methodologyYes6-UnclearNeutral or unclearPardon et al2016Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy discriminates the response to microglial stimulation of wild type and Alzheimer's disease modelsSCIENTIFIC REPORTS10.1038/srep19880"Data are reported according to the ARRIVE guidelines for in vivo experiments30."1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useShah et al2015Metabolic Effects of CX3CR1 Deficiency in Diet-Induced Obese MicePLOS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0138317"S1 Checklist. ARRIVE Guidelines Checklist. Animal Research: Reporting In Vivo Experiments[18]."1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate usePoland et al2016Ibudilast attenuates expression of behavioral sensitization to cocaine in male and female ratsNEUROPHARMACOLOGY10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.06.024"All procedures adhered to the 2011 Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, ARRIVE guidelines (Kilkenny et al., 2010), and were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Virginia Commonwealth University."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?6-UnclearIt is unclear whether the guidance related to reporting or methodology (e.g. "All procedures adhered to… ARRIVE")No6-UnclearNeutral or unclearde Molon et al2014Evaluation of the Host Response in Various Models of Induced Periodontal Disease in MiceJOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY10.1902/jop.2013.130225"The protocol was approved by the local Institutional Experimentation Committee for Animal Care and Use (Protocol 12/2010), and the protocol followed all recommendations of the ARRIVE (Animal Research: Reporting InVivo Experiments) guidelines for the execution and submission of studies in animals."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineAuthors state that their study protocol followed ARRIVE guidelines. The authors do acknowledge that the guidelines are used for study execution and reporting though 6-UnclearIt is unclear whether the guidance related to reporting or methodology (e.g. "the protocol followed all recommendations of the ARRIVE guidelines ...for execution/conduct and submission/?))No6-UnclearNeutral or unclearLi et al2016Activation of autophagy improved the neurologic outcome after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in ratsAMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE10.1016/j.ajem.2016.05.007"This study was approved by the Animal Investigation Committee of Sun Yat-sen University and was performed in accordance with the National Institutes of Health guidelines for ethical animal research [12]."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineI assume ref.12 refers to ARRIVE.Yes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useBaranyai et al2017In vivo MRI and ex vivo histological assessment of the cardioprotection induced by ischemic preconditioning, postconditioning and remote conditioning in a closed-chest porcine model of reperfused acute myocardial infarction: importance of microvasculatureJOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE10.1186/s12967-017-1166-z"This investigation was carried out according to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals published by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH publication No. 85-23, revised 1996) and according to the ARRIVE guidelines [72], to the EU Directive (2010/63/EU) and was approved by the animal ethics committee of Hungarian National Food Chain Safety Office (SOI/31/26-11/2014)."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useNunes et al2017Morphine exposure during early life alters thermal and mechanical thresholds in ratsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROSCIENCE10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2016.12.008"The experimental protocol complied with the ethical and methodological standards of the ARRIVE guidelines (Kilkenny et al., 2010)"2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useZhang et al2015Recombinant Flagellin-Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Cap Fusion Protein Promotes Protective Immune Responses in MicePLOS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0129617"All sections of this study follow the ARRIVE Guidelines for reporting animal research [34]. A Completed ARRIVE guidelines checklist is shown in S1 Checklist."1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useDiana et al2017Superselective intra-arterial hepatic injection of indocyanine green (ICG) for fluorescence image-guided segmental positive staining: experimental proof of the conceptSURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES10.1007/s00464-016-5136-y"All animals used in the experimental laboratory were managed according to ARRIVE guidelines [12],"2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useKalaska et al2017Elevated Levels of Peripheral Kynurenine Decrease Bone Strength in Rats with Chronic Kidney DiseaseFRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY10.3389/fphys.2017.00836"The study was conducted by ARRIVE guidelines (Kilkenny et al., 2010)"2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useBoitano et al2015The novel PAR2 ligand C391 blocks multiple PAR2 signalling pathways in vitro and in vivoBRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY10.1111/bph.13238"All animal care and experimental protocols were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of TheUniversity of Arizona. These procedure comply with the ARRIVE guidelines (Kilkenny et al., 2010; McGrath et al.,2010)."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useBentea et al2017Zonisamide attenuates lactacystin-induced parkinsonism in mice without affecting system x(c)(-)EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.12.009"The results are presented in accordance with the ARRIVE guidelines for reporting experiments involving animals (Kilkenny et al., 2010)."1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useLomas-Neira et al2016BLOCKADE OF ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR, ANGIOPOIETIN-2, REDUCES INDICES OF ARDS AND MORTALITY IN MICE RESULTING FROM THE DUAL-INSULTS OF HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK AND SEPSISSHOCK10.1097/SHK.0000000000000499"Experiments were performed in accordance with National Institutes of Health guidelines, approval from the Animal Use Committee of Rhode Island Hospital (Providence, RI; AWC# 0079-13), and with consideration to the ARRIVE guidelines developed by the National Center for the Replacement, Refinement, and Reduction of Animals in Research (21)."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useLoris et al2017The neuroprotective compound P7C3-A20 promotes neurogenesis and improves cognitive function after ischemic strokeEXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.01.006"Consistent with animal research reporting guidelines (Kilkenny et al., 2010), a power analysis was performed prior to the experiment to determine animal number"2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useKim et al2018Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of ginsenoside Rf in a rat model of incisional painJOURNAL OF GINSENG RESEARCH10.1016/j.jgr.2017.02.005"The present study was performed according to the guidelines established by the National Institutes of Health, the policies of the International Association for the Study of Pain for the use of laboratory animals, and the recommended guideline in the Animal Research Reporting In Vivo Experiments statement [19]."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useIkeda et al2014Suppression of Th1-Mediated Autoimmunity by Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Dendritic CellsPLOS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0115198"All experiments were performed in accordance with the ARRIVE guidelines [24]."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useHan et al2017STAT3 inhibitor enhances chemotherapy drug efficacy by modulating mucin 1 expression in non-small cell lung carcinomaTROPICAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH10.4314/tjpr.v16i7.8"All animal experiments were performed with prior approval from Institute’s Animal Care Committee at Binzhou City Central Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong. Housing and followed the guidelines in compliance with the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act, 1986 (UK) (amended 2013) and reported as per the ARRIVE Guidelines for reporting animal research [22]."1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useHlavica et al2017Intrathecal insulin-like growth factor 1 but not insulin enhances myelin repair in young and aged ratsNEUROSCIENCE LETTERS10.1016/j.neulet.2017.03.047"This article is written in accordance with the ARRIVE Guidelines [20]."1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate usePrudente et al2017Pre-clinical efficacy assessment of Malva sylvestris on chronic skin inflammationBIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY10.1016/j.biopha.2017.06.083"All experiments in this study followed the ARRIVE (Animal Research: Reporting of in vivo Experiments) guidelines [14,15]."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?6-UnclearIt is unclear whether the guidance related to reporting or methodology (e.g. "all experiments followed ARRIVE guidelines ")No6-UnclearNeutral or unclearSagawa et al2017Ribonucleotide Reductase Catalytic Subunit M1 (RRM1) as a Novel Therapeutic Target in Multiple MyelomaCLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH10.1158/1078-R-17-0263"Animal studies were performed under a protocol approved by the Dana-Farber Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee and followed the ARRIVE guidelines (23)."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useSwanepoel et al2018N-acetyl cysteine reverses bio-behavioural changes induced by prenatal inflammation, adolescent methamphetamine exposure and combined challengesPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY10.1007/s00213-017-4776-5"The study and preparation of the manuscript were prepared in accordance with the ARRIVE guidelines (Kilkenny et al. 2010)."6-Unclear?6-UnclearNoneYes6-UnclearNeutral or unclearSpolidorio et al2014Influence of Parstatin on Experimental Periodontal Disease and Repair in RatsJOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY10.1902/jop.2014.130619"All experimental protocols were approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee on Animal Experiments at the StateUniversity of Sa?o Paulo (protocol 20/2011). Randomization of animals was performed using a raf?e method. This study conforms to the ARRIVE (Ani-mal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments) guidelines"6-UnclearThis was a rather ambiguous statement ("the study conforms to the ARRIVE guidelines) in the MATERIALS AND METHODS part of the paper. Without interpretation it is a 6-unclear6-UnclearIt is unclear whether the guidance related to reporting or methodology (e.g. "all experiments followed ARRIVE guidelines ")Yes6-UnclearNeutral or unclearLourbopoulos et al2017Inadequate food and water intake determine mortality following stroke in miceJOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM10.1177/0271678X16660986"All data are reported in accordance with the ARRIVE criteria."1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useFaller et al2015Refinement of analgesia following thoracotomy and experimental myocardial infarction using the Mouse Grimace ScaleEXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY10.1113/expphysiol.2014.083139"The development of the ARRIVE guidelines (Kilkenny et al. 2010), the refinement of pre-existing guidelines (e.g. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th edn, published by the US National Academy of Sciences, Institute for Laboratory Animal Research, 2011; Carbone, 2012) and the implementation of new directives (e.g. European Directive 2010/63/EU on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes) have all further emphasized the importance of the ‘3Rs’ (replacement, reduction and refinement) in biomedical research."7-Other?7-OtherNoneYes7-OtherNeutral or unclearKwon et al2017Hemorrhagic Transformation After Large Cerebral Infarction in Rats Pretreated With Dabigatran or WarfarinSTROKE10.1161/STROKEAHA.117.017751"We performed all experimental procedures according to Animal Research: Reporting for In vivo Experiments guidelines9 and Stroke Therapy Academic Industry Roundtable guidelines."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useLee et al2017Inhibition of neutrophil elastase contributes to attenuation of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury during neutropenia recovery in miceJOURNAL OF ANESTHESIA10.1007/s00540-017-2311-9"All experimental animals were treated according to guidelines approved by the Animal Subjects Committee of the Catholic University of Korea (UJA2013-09A). The results are reported according to the ARRIVE guidelines [17]."1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useWaddingham et al2015Chronic Rho-kinase inhibition improves left ventricular contractile dysfunction in early type-1 diabetes by increasing myosin cross-bridge extensionCARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY10.1186/s12933-015-0256-6"Reporting of animal studies in this paper comply with the ARRIVE guidelines for animal research [25]"1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useTang et al2017Performance, biochemical and haematological responses, and relative organ weights of laying hens fed diets supplemented with prebiotic, probiotic and synbioticBMC VETERINARY RESEARCH10.1186/s12917-017-1160-y"This manuscript was prepared in compliance with the ARRIVE (Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments) Guidelines Checklist for animal in vivo experiments [28]."1-Use as a reporting guideline?1-Use as a reporting guidelineNoneYes1-Use as a reporting guidelineAppropriate useChoi et al2017Characteristics of contact and distance osteogenesis around modified implant surfaces in rabbit tibiaeJOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL AND IMPLANT SCIENCE10.5051/jpis.2017.47.3.182"All animal experiments were conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources at Seoul National University (approval number: SNU-130619-4) and the Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE) guidelines for reporting in vivo animal experiments [7]."2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guideline?2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineNoneYes2-Use as a methodological (ie, research design or conduct) guidelineInappropriate useTable S2. Results of multinomial logistic regression of appropriateness of use of reporting guideline in citing articles over time since their publication. The model assumes linear trend in the log odds ratio. For the three outcome categories of appropriateness, the reference category is “Appropriate Use” and results are presented with 95% confidence intervals. (a) PRISMA - Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-AnalysesInappropriate Use versus Appropriate UseUnclear/Other Use versus Appropriate UseOdds ratio per 1-year change 1.13 (0.69, 1.85)1.26 (0.44, 3.62)Odds estimated at the same publication year of the reporting guideline 1.31 (0.03, 50.52)0.05 (0.00001, 156.74)(b) CONSORT - Consolidated Standards of Reporting TrialsInappropriate Use versus Appropriate UseUnclear/Other Use versus Appropriate UseOdds ratio per 1-year change 1.30 (0.85, 1.99)1.10 (0.80, 1.51)Odds estimated at the same publication year of the reporting guideline (Intercept)0.06 (0.005, 0.68)0.22 (0.04, 1.21)(c) ARRIVE - Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo ExperimentsInappropriate Use versus Appropriate UseUnclear/Other Use versus Appropriate UseOdds ratio per 1-year change 0.94 (0.56, 1.57)0.83 (0.45, 1.55)Odds estimated at the same publication year of the reporting guideline (Intercept)2.71 (0.11, 69.65)2.17 (0.05, 100.59)(d) CHEERS - Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting StandardsInappropriate Use versus Appropriate UseUnclear/Other Use versus Appropriate UseOdds ratio per 1-year change 1.20 (0.68, 2.09)2.25 (1.09, 4.65)Odds ratio estimated at the same publication year of the reporting guideline (Intercept)0.48 (0.08, 2.75)0.04 (0.003, 0.54) ................
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