Lecture



DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY CCNY [pic]

Chem A1100 Spring 2009

COURSE SYLLABUS

[pic]

LECTURES

INSTRUCTOR: Professor Teresa J. Bandosz

office : J-1316; [pic]Telephone: (212) 650-6017; E-mail: tbandosz@.ccny.cuny.edu

CONSULTING HOURS: Tuesday, and Thursday: 11-12 or by appointment.

TIME: 3 credit hours. On selected Tuesdays or Thursdays 5:00- 6:15 PM

This is an online hybrid course. It requires Internet access. We will meet on selected Tuesdays or Thursdays ( see the syllabus) to discuss the assignments. You have to submit the assignment during the week when it is posted. Your assignment will be graded. You are expected to follow the lecture schedule yourself. The lecture notes are included in the Course Documents. Two midterm exams and final examination are scheduled to be taken in at CCNY.

Wherever you have access to the Internet, you can get to CUNY portal at and then log-in using your username and password (as a registered student you should have one). If you do not have username and password you have to register following the instructions.

You can also get an access to your site following the link to the Blackboard at CCNY portal and Environmental Chemistry course A1100 for Spring 2009.

We'll be using this site to learn new information and to respond to each other's questions, thoughts, and insights. Please click every button on the left side of this page (beginning with the one labeled Course Information). Each button has folders attached to it. Each folder has at least one document in it. Many of the documents will not appear on the screen until you click the blue underlined hyperlink. Please read every document in every folder that is attached to the Course Information, Staff Information, Course Documents, and Assignments buttons.

I hope you enjoy using this internet page to learn and to share your responses.

TEXT BOOK: Environmental Chemistry; S.E. Manahan, 8th edition, 2004

WEBSITE:

Blackboard site access via:

PREREQUISITES:

General Chemistry: 10401

Organic Chemistry: 26100

Analytical Chemistry: 24300

GENERAL OBJECTIVE: Environmental Chemistry is intended to broaden the students understanding of chemical processes taking place in our environment. The relationship between atmospheric, soil and water chemistry will be underlined. This course draws upon general, analytical and organic chemistry experience.

LEARNING GOALS:

Students should:

Know the relationship between all spheres of the environment

Know the major pollutants in all spheres, their origin and fate

Be aware of the environmental effects of pollution

Know the cycles of environmentally significant elements

Be aware of the effects of pollution on humans

Link technology, resources and energy

Know how to identify and how to treat hazardous wastes

Know what analytical techniques are used to study the pollution of the environment.

CONCEPTUAL THINKING OBJECTIVES:

Reading: cause-effect logic, hypothesis testing, summarizing logic

Writing: cause-effect links, objective designing, experiment planing

Data analysis: relevant data sources, data treatment, qualitative and quantitative evaluation, data consistency, error analysis

Models: cause-effect, correlation, trends

LEARNING ACTIVITIES/ ASSESMENT TOOLS:

Text reading[pic]

On line assignments

Class-time (discussion) [pic]

Group discussion

Problem solving (individual)

Student-instructor consulting

[pic]

HOME ASSIGNMENT: The course requires extensive reading and understanding of each chapter covered during the lecture. Students are encouraged to solve the problems and find answers to all theoretical questions after each chapter.

ATTENDANCE: Students are required to attend all in class discussions and submit on line all assignments. After three absences the instructor will ask the Registrar to withdraw the student form the course with WU.

[pic]

TERM PAPER: In addition to lectures students are required to prepare a term paper dealing with current environmental problems (at least 3500 words). This assignment is based on extended literature study and analysis of the published data. At the end of the term each student is supposed to give a short presentation summarizing his/her environmental research. Each student can chose a topic according to his/her interests. A deadline to submit the title and short abstract is March 10. Term paper is expected to be computer generated. It should consist of Introduction, Results (if applied), Discussion, Conclusion and References Cited according to the scientific format. The paper will be graded by the instructor, however, for the grade from the presentation the grades given by the student peers will be taken into account.

GRADING: [pic]

No INCOMPLETE Grade

Hour test (2) 30%

Term paper 30%

Presentation 10%

Final 30%

To arrange a make up of an exam a note from a doctor,

etc. HAS TO be shown.

HONESTY:

In this course, students are encouraged to discuss the problems on term papers with one another, however the submission of identical work is plagiarism

READING LIST (suggestion):

Scientific Journals:

Environmental Science and Technology

Chemical and Engineering News

Chemical Engineering Progress

Environmental Progress

Chemtech

Water Resources

and other relevant WEB resources

Relationship of course to program outcomes:

After completing this course students should:

| |Dept outcome letters |

|Know the relationship between all spheres of environment in terms of generation and fate of pollutants. |b, c |

|Know causes and effects of acid rain, global warming, ozone layer depletions, and photochemical smog | |

|Be able to describe in chemistry terms (reactions, phase interactions) the effects of basic inorganic and | |

|organic pollutants (acidic gases, PAH, radicals, heavy metals) on the environment. |a, b, c |

|Be aware of the solutions used to minimize, reduce and recycle wastes generated in the anthrosphere. | |

|Be able to evaluate the role of chemist and chemical engineers in polluting/cleaning the environment | |

|Work as part of a problem solving team to solve chemistry problems. |a, e |

|Be able to search data bases to extract the needed information | |

| |a, e, i |

| | |

| |b,d |

| | |

| |f, k |

| |b, d |

| | |

| |aj |

Topics covered:

1. Nitric Dioxide in Urban Air: Its Origin, Concentration and Fate (one week)

2. Lead in Soil (two weeks)

3. Lead in Shells (one week)

4. PCBs in the lower Hudson River sediments (two weeks)

5. Pesticides in fruits and vegetables (two weeks)

6. Hudson River water Basic Characteristics of Natural Waters (one week)

7. Nitrates in Soils (one week)

8. Air filtration: Removal of ammonia

9. Water filtration: Activated carbons as adorbents

Relationship of course to program outcomes:

The outcome of this course contribute to the following departmental educational outcomes:

Course objective

Numbers

|demonstrate an understanding of the fundamental principles of chemistry, including atomic and molecular |2-4 |

|structure, quantum chemistry, chemical bonding, stoichiometry, kinetics and mechanism, equilibrium, | |

|thermochemistry and thermodynamics, molecular structure and function, electrochemistry, and the periodic chemical| |

|properties of the elements. | |

|apply the fundamental principles of chemistry to life sciences, the environment, materials, engineering, and | |

|emerging technological fields of chemistry, as well as to everyday situations. | |

|apply mathematical concepts to chemical problems |1, 2, 5 |

|work as part of a problem-solving team | |

|convey facts, theories and results about chemistry in written form | |

|use oral presentation to convey facts, theories and results about chemistry |6, 7, |

|access and utilize chemical information technology | |

|design and execute scientific research |7 |

|apply ethical responsibilities and professional conduct |4-6 |

| |6 |

| | |

| |6 |

| | |

| |7 |

| |1 |

| |6 |

A: SCHEDULE OF LECTURES [pic]

(to be done individually)

DATE CHAPTERS and High priority areas

Jan. 27 IN CLASS MEETING

1. Environmental Science and Technology

relationship between different spheres

Jan. 29 2. Environmental Chemistry and Chemical Cycles

characteristics of hydrosphere

main components of atmosphere

geosphere and soil

importance of respiration (aerobic and anaerobic)

cycles of matter

main steps in the cycles of :

8. carbon,

9. nitrogen

10. sulfur

11. phosphorus

Feb. 3

3.1-3.7. Fundamentals of Aquatic Chemistry

12. Properties of water

13. solubility of oxygen in water

14. water acidity and the role of CO2

15. water alkalinity

16. metal ions in water and their effect on the properties of water

17. complexation

18. calculations of concentrations of [CO2], [HCO3-], [CO32- ], [Ca2+ ], [H+]

Feb. 5 IN CLASS MEETING

3.8-3.14. Fundamentals of Aquatic Chemistry

19. formation constants and complexation

20. solubilization of lead, the mechanism

21. polyphosphates and their main reactions

22. the role of humic acid in water

Feb.10

4. Oxidation-Reduction

definitions of terms

pE and its change in a stratified body of water

redox reactions

electron activity

Nerst equation. dependence of pE on K

limitations of pE in water (pE-pH diagrams, the fundamentals of their creation)

Feb. 17 5. Phase Interactions

sediments, their composition and main reactions

solubility of solids and gases

characterization of colloids

types of aggregation process

sorption on solids

ion exchange in sediments

Feb. 19 IN CLASS MEETING

6. Aquatic Microbial Biochemistry

types of microorganisms (algaes, fungi, protozoa, bacteria)

the role of bacteria metabolism in the environment

reactions involved in bacteria metabolism

the general mechanism of biodegradation by bacteria

role of bacteria in nitrogen cycle

Feb. 24

7. Water Pollution

types of water pollutants

heavy metals, metalloids

inorganic species

organic pollutants, their sources, types and environmental repercussions

Feb. 26 IN CLASS MEETING

8. Water Treatment

44. Steps in waste water treatment

45. Similarities and differences in sewage and industrial water treatments

46. Major chemical reactions used in water treatment:

Their purposes and examples

47. precipitation

48. colloid formation

49. ion exchange

50. complexation

51. oxidation-reduction

52. Physical processes applied in water treatment (removal of organics)

53. Disinfection

54. Natural purification of water

March 3 EXAMINATION 1

March 5 9.Atmosphere

55. Characteristics of the atmosphere and its major components

56. Mechanisms of Energy Transfer

57. Effects of atmospheric mass transfer on weather

58. Temperature inversion and pollution

59. Forms of species in the atmosphere

60. Chemical reactions and their examples

Photochemical reactions

Reactions of free radicals

Acid-base reactions

64. Chain reactions of oxygen and nitrogen

March 10 10. Particles in the Atmopshere

65. Forms of particles in the atmosphere

66. Particles formation. Physical and chemical processes.

67. Particles composition. Chemical nature.

68. Effects of particles on the environment

Particulate emission control

March 12 IN CLASS MEETING

11. Gaseous inorganic Air pollutants

70. Chemical formulas of gaseous inorganic air pollutants

71. Fate of CO.

72. Atmospheric reactions of NOx.

73. Creation of acid rain

74. Sources of gaseous air pollutants

75. Methods of pollution prevention.

March 17

12. Organic Air Pollutants

76. Classification of organic pollutants

77. Main reactions in the atmosphere

oxidation

reactions with radicals and radical formation

80. Examples of organic pollutants containing heteroatoms.

81. Organohalides and their effect on environment

March 19 13. Photochemical Smog

82. Ingredients required to generate photochemical smog

83. Role of hydrocarbons and NOx in the process of smog formation

chain reactions

85. Gross photochemical oxidant (main components)

86. Inorganic products from smog.

87. Catalytic conversions in automobiles

88. Effects of smog on the environment

March 24: IN CLASS MEETING

14. The endangered Global Atmosphere

89. Natural and anthropogenic changes in the atmosphere

90. Mechanism of creation and effects on environment of:

global warming

acid rains

ozone layer depletion

photochemical smog

95. Actions to prevent atmospheric pollution

March 26 15. The Geosphere and Chemistry

96. Classification of rocks

97. Classification of minerals

98. Rock cycle

99. Clays and their role in soils

100. Water and air in soils

101. The influence of organic matter on the properties of soils

102. Chemical and physical weathering

March 31 IN CLASS MEETING

16. Soil Chemistry

103. Environmental aspects of agriculture

104. Reactions in soils determining their acidity

105. Macro- and Micro- nutrients and their functions

106. Wastes and pollutants in soils and their fate

107. Soil conservation

April 2 EXAMINATION 2

April 7 17. Technology, Resources and Energy

108. Relationship between technology, resources and energy

109. Environmental impact of manufacturing

110. Environmental impact of transportation

111. Natural resources of raw materials and their importance to manufacturing

112. Energy resources and conservation of energy

113. Environmental aspect of application of fossil fuels

114. Alternative sources of energy

April 21

18. Nature and Sources of Hazardous Waste

115. Classification of hazardous materials

116. Characteristics of hazardous materials

117. Origin of hazardous wastes

118. Characteristics of:

Flammable and combustible substances

reactive substances

corrosive substances

toxic substances

April 23 IN CLASS MEETING

19. Environmental Chemistry of Hazardous Waste

123. Sources of hazardous wastes by the points of entry

124. Factors influencing the transport and behavior of wastes in the environment

125. Transport, interactions and fate of hazardous wastes in

geosphere

atmosphere

hydrosphere

biosphere

April 28 20. Reducing, Treating and Dispensing of Hazardous Waste

130. Physical methods of waste treatment

131. Chemical methods of waste treatment.

132. Methods of waste preparation for disposal

133. Special treatment of wastes

Leachate treatment

Gas emission treatment

In situ treatment

April 30 in class meeting

22. Toxicological Chemistry

137. Criteria of toxicants classification.

138. Behavior of toxicants in the body.

139. Kinetic and dynamic phase of toxicants in the body

140. Responses of organisms

141. Tetratogens, mutagens, carcinogens.

May 5 Term paper presentation/ discussion

May 7 Term paper presentation/ discussion

May 12 Term paper presentation/ discussion

May 14 Term paper presentation/ discussion

FINAL-covers all material

................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download