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THE AIB STYLE GUIDE

?Australian Institute of Business . V2Mar11 ? CD:2011:10ed

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Contents

HOW TO USE THIS DOCUMENT ......................................................................................... 2

SECTION 1 - REFERENCING ................................................................................................ 2 Importance of Citing and Referencing ................................................................................... 2 AIB's Preferred Referencing System ...................................................................................... 3 What is Plagiarism? ................................................................................................................ 3

METHODS OF CITATION AND REFERENCING ...................................................................... 3 In Text Citation ....................................................................................................................... 3 Direct Quotation v. Paraphrasing........................................................................................... 6

REFERENCE LISTS V. BIBLIOGRAPHIES................................................................................ 8

SECTION 2 ? STYLE ............................................................................................................ 9 Capital Letters ........................................................................................................................ 9 Textual Contrast ................................................................................................................... 10 Shortened Forms .................................................................................................................. 11 Numbers & Measurements.................................................................................................. 12 Tables & Figures ................................................................................................................... 13

APPENDIX A - QUICK GUIDE REFERENCING EXAMPLES..................................................... 15 Books (Hardback/Paperback/E-book) .................................................................................. 15 Journal/Newspaper Articles ................................................................................................. 17 Internet................................................................................................................................. 18 Legal/Government Documents ............................................................................................ 19 Miscellaneous....................................................................................................................... 20 Creating New Citation Styles ................................................................................................ 21

APPENDIX B - ENDNOTE .................................................................................................. 22

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HOW TO USE THIS DOCUMENT

This document is broken into two sections.

Section 1 provides you with an in-depth analysis of referencing and how to ensure you reference appropriately for your AIB assessments.

Section 2 outlines how to style and present any documents you are submitting during your AIB course.

AIB's Referencing and Style Guide is based on the following text: Style Manual for Authors, Editors and Printers 2002, 6th edn, revised by Snooks & Co., Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.

SECTION 1 - REFERENCING

Referencing is a way to acknowledge any authors whose work you mention in your document. This identification of the original authors is important to avoid accusations of plagiarism. You need to include a reference whenever you use someone else's theories, opinions or data. You need to reference regardless of whether you are quoting, copying (e.g. tables), paraphrasing or summarising.

Referencing other writers' work will demonstrate the breadth of your research by showing the reader the source of any information you are quoting, allowing verification of your data and strengthening you academic argument. Please note that the terms citing and referencing are used synonymously throughout this guide.

Importance of Citing and Referencing

1. Assignments / projects and theses must contain proper citations and referencing using the Harvard style referred to in this Style Guide, that is: a. citations (or in-text references) of quoted and paraphrased materials to support your arguments/comments, and b. a reference list at the end of your paper relating specifically to your in-text references.

2. Your grade will be adversely affected if there are no/poor citations and/or reference list, as referred to above.

3. Assignments / projects normally contain the following number of relevant references

from different sources in the reference list:

a. BBA assignments:

5 ? 10

b. MBA assignments:

6 ? 12

c. Projects (BBA & MBA):

20 - 25

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4. The number of references needed for a Research Degree Thesis will vary depending on the length of the Thesis. Your Principal Supervisor will advise you if you have too many or two few references.

5. All references must be from credible sources such as books, industry related journals, magazines, company documents and latest articles.

AIB's Preferred Referencing System

AIB has chosen to use the Harvard (author?date) referencing system. In this system, brief citations are included in the body of your work, giving the author's name and year of publication. This is accompanied, at the end of the document, by an alphabetical reference list of all sources used, giving full details of the publication.

What is Plagiarism?

Plagiarism is the act of claiming someone else's ideas, opinions or words as your own. Plagiarism can be unintentional, resulting from a lack of proper citing and referencing, which is why maintaining accurate citations and references in your documents is so important. AIB does not tolerate any form of plagiarism. Please refer to the Academic Integrity Policy and Procedure for more information, including penalties for plagiarism

METHODS OF CITATION AND REFERENCING

The following section provides examples of how to cite/ reference information in the body of your work.

In Text Citation

There are two main methods of in text citations/references: Author Prominent and Information Prominent.

1. Author Prominent is when you name the author at the commencement of the sentence i.e. Hardy (2010) states that AIB has a number of goals for the research department in the 2012?2015 Research Plan.

2. Information Prominent is when there is no direct reference to the author's name within the statement i.e. AIB has a number of goals for the research department in the 2012?2015 Research Plan (Hardy 2010).

Authoring Bodies with Long Names

If an authoring body has a long name, it may be abbreviated for citations but needs to be spelt out in full in the reference list.

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Two/Three Authors/Authoring Bodies

If there are two or three authors of the work being cited, all the surnames are listed followed by the year i.e. (Hardy, Abraham & Markus 2010). If the citation is Author Prominent, use `and' rather than an ampersand.

Four or More Authors/Authoring Bodies

If there are four or more authors of the work being cited, the citation will list the surname of the first author, followed by `et al.' i.e. (Hardy et al. 2010)

Two or More Works Cited at One Time

If you are citing two or more works at the same point in the text, these are separated by a semi colon i.e. (Hardy 2010; Markus 2011)

More than One Work by the Same Author/Authoring Body

When you are referring to more than one work by the same author, you need to separate the years of publication with a comma i.e. (Hardy 2010, 2011). If a page reference is used it will be: (Hardy 2010 p. 5; 2011, p. 8). If the works were published in the same year, differentiate with `a', `b' etc. as follows: (Hardy 2010a, 2010b).

Authors with the Same Family Name

Where authors share the same family name, differentiate between them by including their initials in the citation.

An Edited, Compiled, Revised or Translated Work

These are noted with the abbreviations `ed.', `comp.', `rev.' and `trans.' as in the following example: (ed. Hardy 2009). In a reference list, this will appear in brackets after the name and before the year. If the author is still of primary importance, the editor/translator etc. can be acknowledged in the references, listed after the title of the work.

Different Editions

If the work is not a first edition, the citation remains the same, but the edition will be noted in the references, placed after the title of the publication.

Unknown Dates

If the date of publication is unknown, the term `n.d' (no date) is used in place of the year. If a date is established but not certain, `c' (circa) may be used before the year.

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