PRONOUNS



PRONOUNS

Pronouns replace nouns. There are several types of pronouns in Spanish.

• Indirect Object Pronouns (IOP) replace people

They are:

|me |nos |

|te |os |

|le (se) |les (se) |

• To find the Indirect Object in a sentence we ask the questions “To whom?” and “For whom?”

• Direct Object Pronouns (DOP) replace things.

They are:

lo

la

los

las

• A Direct Object Pronoun (DOP) MUST agree in number and gender with the noun it replaces.

lo – replaces a masculine singular noun

la - replaces a feminine singular noun

los – replaces masculine plural nouns

las – replaces feminine plural nouns

• To find the Direct Object of a sentence, we ask the question, “what?”

• The direct object is the word in Spanish that receives the action of the verb.

• In Spanish, the direct object pronoun comes BEFORE the conjugated verb,

or is attached to the infinitive, gerund (ando iendo) or command

Elena compró el boleto. Elena bought what? el boleto (Direct Object-masc. sing) lo

Elena___lo__compró.

Compró los boletos en la ventanilla.

___Los___compró en la ventanilla.

Elena pone la crema protectora en la maleta.

Elena ____la_____ pone en la maleta.

Elena pone las toallas en la maleta.

Elena_____las___pone en la maleta.

Elena alquiló el barquito.

Elena ____lo____ alquiló.

Ella comió un sandwich en la cocina.

Ella __lo____ comió en la cocina.

Magdalena escribió la carta.

Magdalena ____la_____ escribió.

Rewrite the following sentences using pronouns.

1. Juán cantó la canción.

___________________________________________________________________

2. Mama cultivó las flores en el jardín.

___________________________________________________________________

3. Enrique montó el caballo.

___________________________________________________________________

4. Manuel compró los zapatos.

___________________________________________________________________

Double Object Pronouns

Remember, in Spanish, the pronoun comes before the conjugated verb, OR it is attached to the infinitive, gerund (ando, iendo) or command. No matter what the situation, double object pronouns will always be in the same order: IOP DOP

Señor Ruíz vendió el carro a mí.

Before the conjugated verb: Sr. Ruíz me lo vendió

Attached to the infinitive: Sr. Ruíz va a vendérmelo.

Attached to the gerund: Sr. Ruíz está vendiéndomelo.

Attached to the command: Sr. Ruíz, véndamelo..

Pronouns with the Imperative

• Object Pronouns are attached to affirmative commands.

Levántese Ud.

• They precede (come before) the negative commands.

No se levante Ud.

• If there is more than one pronoun, they are always written or expressed in the same order: IOP DOP

Démelo Ud. No me lo dé Ud.

• If the two pronouns start with “L”, then “se” is used as the Indirect Object Pronoun

Señor, compre el anillo para J Lo.

Señor, cómpreselo.

Señor, no se lo compre.

Formal (Usted) Commands:

Levántese Ud. No se levante.

Míreme Ud. No me mire Ud.

Escríbale Ud. No le escriba Ud.

Démelo Ud. No me lo dé Ud.

Dígamelo Ud. No me lo diga.

Informal (tú) Commands:

Levántate. No te levantes.

Mírame. No me mires.

Escríbele. No le escribas Ud.

Dámelo. No me lo dés.

Dímelo. No me lo digas.

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