Sample Pages from Discovering Science through Inquiry: Energy

Sample Pages from

Discovering Science through Inquiry:

Energy

The following sample pages are included in this download:

? Teacher¡¯s Guide Cover, Table of Contents, How To Use

This Product, and Lesson 4: Mechanical Energy lesson plan

? Inquiry Handbook Cover and Lesson 4: Mechanical Energy

student activity sheets

? Inquiry Card for Lesson 4: Wrecking Ball Mayhem

For correlations to Common Core and State Standards, please

visit .



.

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Table of Contents

Introduction and Research

About Inquiry-based Learning . . . . . . . . 4

Inquiry-based Learning for the

21st Century . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Qualities of an Inquiry-based

Classroom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Making the Transition to

Inquiry-based Instruction . . . . . . . . 6

Using the 5 Es in a Science

Classroom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Asking Good Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Teaching Scientific Vocabulary . . . . . 10

Differentiating Science

Instruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Using Technology in the

Inquiry-based Classroom . . . . . . . . 14

Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

How to Use This Product . . . . . . . . . . . .

Why Use Discovering Science

through Inquiry? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Teacher¡¯s Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Inquiry Handbook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Inquiry Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Teacher Resource CD . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Using the Video Clips . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sample Pacing Plans . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18

18

18

25

26

27

27

29

Standards Correlation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Content Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

? Teacher Created Materials

Lessons

Lesson 1: What Is Energy? . . . . . . . . . 35

Lesson 2: Potential Energy . . . . . . . . 43

Lesson 3: Kinetic Energy . . . . . . . . . . 51

Lesson 4: Mechanical Energy . . . . . . 59

Lesson 5: Thermal Energy . . . . . . . . . 67

Lesson 6: Heat Transfer:

Conduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Lesson 7: Heat Transfer:

Convection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Lesson 8: Heat Transfer: Radiation . 91

Lesson 9: Electrical Energy . . . . . . . . 99

Lesson 10: Chemical Energy . . . . . . 107

Lesson 11: Energy

Transformations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Lesson 12: Renewable Energy

Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

Lesson 13: Wind Energy . . . . . . . . . . 131

Lesson 14: Solar Energy . . . . . . . . . . 139

Lesson 15: Light Energy . . . . . . . . . . 147

Lesson 16: Sound Energy . . . . . . . . . 155

Culminating Activity: Energy Expo . . . . 163

Appendices

Appendix A: References Cited . . . . 167

Appendix B: Differentiation

Suggestions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168

Appendix C: Contents of the

Teacher Resource CD . . . . . . . . . . 174

#15534¡ªEnergy Teacher¡¯s Guide

3

Introduction and Research

How to Use This Product

Why Use Discovering Science through Inquiry?

This series was developed to provide teachers with an engaging and interesting way to present

science concepts to students. In addition to providing students with rich, scientific experiences,

teachers are provided with background and additional information about each topic covered

within the kit so that they can provide accurate content-related instruction to students. Each kit

focuses on a specific scientific concept and provides 16 lessons that support the instruction of

that concept.

This kit contains a Teacher Resource Guide, a Teacher Resource CD, an Inquiry Handbook, and

16 Inquiry Cards. The following pages provide specific information for how to use each of the

components within the kit.

Teacher¡¯s Guide

Lesson Overview Page

Both content and

process standards are

identified for the lesson.

A standards correlation

chart (pages 32¨C33)

lists these standards.

Essential vocabulary

words are identified

and defined. Students

will study these words

throughout the course

of the lesson.

The Essential Question

identifies the ¡°big

idea¡± covered in the

lesson. By the end of

the lesson, students

should be able to clearly

answer this question.

18

#15534¡ªEnergy Teacher¡¯s Guide

Lesson 1

What Is Energy?

Standards

Overview

Content Standard

Engage

Understands the sources and properties

of energy

In this section, students are introduced

to various forms and sources of energy.

Each lesson is divided

into the following

sections: Engage,

Explore, Explain,

Elaborate, and Evaluate.

This overview provides

a brief synopsis of the

activities that students

will complete in each

section of the lesson.

Process Standard

Knows that scientists¡¯ explanations about

what happens in the world come from

observations and inferences

Explore

In this section, students research

different sources of energy and create a

visual representation of their findings.

Vocabulary

absorb: to take in (energy)

energy: a source of usable power

kinetic energy: the energy possessed by an

object due to its motion

Explain

potential energy: the energy possessed by an

object due to its position; stored energy

In this section, students discuss forms

of energy and sources of that energy in

their everyday lives.

?

Each title identifies the

topic of study for the

lesson.

Elaborate

In this section, students learn about

the availability of energy sources.

Essential Question

What is energy and what are

the different forms in which

it exists?

? Teacher Created Materials

Evaluate

In this section, students examine the

Essential Question of the lesson and

reflect on their learning. Students also

take the What Is Energy? Assessment.

#15534¡ªEnergy Teacher¡¯s Guide

35

? Teacher Created Materials

Introduction and Research

How to Use This Product

(cont.)

Teacher¡¯s Guide (cont.)

Background Information Pages

This page provides a written

overview of the lesson topic.

Use this information as a way

to prepare for instruction and

classroom discussion.

Lesson 1

What Is Energy?

Background Information for the Teacher

Energy is a fundamental part of the universe.

It is a source of usable power used to do work.

It is used to light cities, as well as to power

planes, trains, and automobiles. Energy is

required to heat homes, power machinery, and

cook food. Energy is not only found in these

processes, but also in the objects themselves.

When an object is at rest it has potential

energy, or stored energy. When that resting

object begins to move, the potential energy

transforms into kinetic energy. Between the

energy that objects possess and the energy

found in processes, energy can be found all

around us.

In fact, there are many forms of energy. Some

of which include:

? Mechanical Energy: This is the energy

objects have as a result of their motion and

position. Simply put, potential energy plus

kinetic energy equals mechanical energy.

This is the energy that makes wheels turn

and motors spin.

? Solar Energy: This is energy from the sun

that provides heat and light. Solar energy

has become a popular alternative to other

nonrenewable resources in recent years.

? Thermal Energy: This is energy produced by

heat. We use heat to keep warm. We use

heat to cook food.

? Chemical Energy: This is the energy stored

in food, fuel, and other matter. Chemical

energy is released and absorbed, or taken in,

during chemical reactions, such as digestion.

When we eat food, our bodies store the

nutrients as chemical energy. Our bodies

need this energy to move and do work.

Chemical energy is also found in batteries.

? Electrical Energy: When people think of

energy, this is most often what comes to

mind. Electrical energy powers many things

in our homes and offices. It provides light,

entertainment, and heat. Even a gas stove

requires electrical energy!

? Light Energy: This is the energy that allows

us to see objects in a range of vibrant colors

and shades.

? Sound Energy: This is the energy that allows

us to hear our favorite songs and babies

crying. Waves of sound energy vibrate

through rock concerts and movie theaters on

a nightly basis.

The Law of Conservation of Energy states that in

any of these forms, energy cannot be created,

nor can it be destroyed. Energy can only be

transferred or transformed. Therefore, the sum

of all the energy in a system is constant. For

example, if a student is at a resting position on

a swing and her potential energy equals twenty

joules (units of energy), then her kinetic energy

would equal zero joules. As she swings, her

potential energy converts to kinetic energy and

back again. At all points in the pendulum of

her swing, her potential and kinetic energy will

add up to twenty joules. Energy has not been

created or destroyed.

Lesson 1

Energy is everywhere. It is in our bodies, the

earth, and even the sun. Energy is necessary

for life, and at the same time, allows us to

live comfortably. Without energy, life would

not exist.

What Is Energy?

More to Know

Additional Vocabulary

Btu: abbreviation for British thermal unit; unit for heat in the imperial system

joule: unit for heat in the International System of Measurements

Measuring Energy

36

#15534¡ªEnergy Teacher¡¯s Guide

This page provides additional

vocabulary and information that may

be necessary for classroom discussion.

This information is not intended to be

directly taught to students, but can be

shared with them if the need arises.

In addition to vocabulary, this page

may include interesting facts, data and

statistics from around the world, helpful

websites, and diagrams or photos to

support the topic.

Energy is measured using a few different methods. One of the basic measuring units is called

for British thermal unit. One Btu is the amount of heat energy it takes to

increase the temperature of one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit, at sea level. One Btu

is equal to the energy contained in one blue-tip kitchen match. The energy in one thousand Btus

roughly equals the chemical energy in about four-fifths of a peanut butter and jelly sandwich or

the energy burned during one hour of bicycling.

a Btu,

which

stands

? Teacher

Created

Materials

Energy also can be measured in units called joules. The term joule is named after James Prescott

Joule and is the unit for energy in the International System of Measurement. How are Btus and

joules related? The approximate conversion between units is as follows:

1,055 joules = 1 Btu

1,000 joules = 1 kilojoule

Energy to Burn

If you eat a blueberry muffi

n that has 360 calories,

approximately 1,428 Btus,

you have energy to burn!

In order to burn that amou

nt of energy you could:

? jog for 21 minutes

? bicycle for 1 hour 17

minutes

? mow the lawn for about

1 hour

? vacuum the house for 1

1 2 hours

? Teacher Created Materials

? Teacher Created Materials

#15534¡ªEnergy Teacher¡¯s Guide

37

#15534¡ªEnergy Teacher¡¯s Guide

19

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