Name:
Name: ___________________________________ Date: _______________ Period: ________
Inventions that Change Georgia-Lesson Three
How did railways change Georgia? __________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Most railway tracks belong to which company? ________________________________
Which towns did the Western and Atlantic connect? ____________________________
What was the original town of Atlanta called? _________________________________
What did Terminus mean? __________________________________________________
Cotton Gin
Georgia Becomes King of Cotton
Mechanical Reaper
How did Inventions Bring Change to Georgia?
1. Before the age of inventions farmers in America’s early days grew just enough crops to feed their families. With new inventions farmers began to grow crops like ___________ or _________________ to sell at marketplaces. These crops were called __________________ _________________ and represented a different type of agriculture, ______________________agriculture.
2. Farmers began to devote more of their _______________ and _______________ to commercial agriculture. Their cash crops were sold in local or distant markets. This change led to a _______________economy in the United States.
3. Farmers often had to ______________ money to survive and to resupply the farms until their crops were sold. Farmers also borrowed money to buy more ________________ and _______________ to produce more crops.
A major economic development during the early 1800s was the building of railroads. Before the railroads were built, people traveled on horses, boats, or stagecoaches.
Roads, Highways, and Turnpikes
How did improved roads and turnpikes increase travel? _____________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
What two towns in Georgia were connected by the stage coach line? _______________________
Which town was known as the main east-gate into the state? _____________________________________
What was the name of the first turnpike? ______________________________________________________
Which two major towns was connected by the turnpike? _________________________________________
Toll Charge
Travelers had to pay a fee at each pike to remain on the road, much like present-day toll roads. Among these turnpikes was the __________ ______________ _______________, built in 1815 to run from ______________ north through Cherokee territory into _______________________. However, even the “good” roads were poor until the late 1800s.
During the early industrial period America’s economy changed to commercial farming and contributed to the growth of factories.
Postcard
Directions: Write a postcard greeting to a friend. Include at least four major facts that you learned about today’s lesson and invite them to come along next time. Draw a picture of your favorite part of the trip.
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Essential Questions
1. Explain how technological developments, including the cotton gin and railroads, had an impact on Georgia’s growth.
2. How did the Cotton Gin and the Mechanical Reaper increase crop production?
3. Describe the cause and effect relationship that occurred as new inventions revolutionized Georgia and slavery increased in the Deep South.
4. How did better roads and highways increase travel and trade throughout Georgia?
History
SS8H5 The student will explain significant factors that affected the development of Georgia as part of the growth of the United States between 1789 and 1840.
a. Explain the establishment of the University of Georgia, Louisville, and the spread of Baptist and Methodist churches.
b. Evaluate the impact of land policies pursued by Georgia; include the headright system, land lotteries, and the Yazoo land fraud.
c. Explain how technological developments, including the cotton gin and railroads, had an impact on Georgia’s growth.
d. Analyze the events that led to the removal of Creeks and Cherokees; include the roles of Alexander McGillivray, William McIntosh, Sequoyah, John Ross, Dahlonega Gold Rush, Worcester v. Georgia, Andrew Jackson, John Marshall, and the Trail of Tears.
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Railway Inventions
What Major points did the Western and Atlantic Railroad Connect?
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Who owned most of Georgia’s Railway Track in the 1800’s?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Why were railways an important technological advancement for people in Georgia?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Facts about the Cotton Gin
Inventor: ___________________________________
How it worked: The cotton gin had spiked teeth on a revolving cylinder that pulled the cotton through small openings to separate the cotton seeds from the lint. At the same time, a brush removed the lint from the spikes.
Why was this invention important?
1. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. ._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Advantages
1. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Disadvantages
1. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Advantage
1. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. __________________________________________________
__________________________________________
Facts about the Mechanical Reaper
Inventor: ____________________________
How it worked: The first reapers cut the standing grain and, with a revolving reel, swept it onto a platform from which it was raked off into piles by a man walking alongside. It could harvest more grain than five men using the earlier cradles.
The reaper was eventually replaced by the self-propelled combine, operated by one man, which cuts gathers, threshes, and sacks the grain mechanically
Why was this invention important?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Disadvantage
1. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What was effect of a more Industrialized Georgia?
1. _______________________________________
2. _______________________________________
A main stagecoach line connected Augusta and Columbus by way of Macon, but the stagecoaches could only cover thirty to forty miles a day. Roads in wet, swampy places had logs across them and were known as plank roads. The federal government built some major highways in the early 1800s. These roads were called turnpikes because they had “pikes” or gates.
• Freight was sent to market by ________________, _______________, or ___________ __________.
• Many of Georgia’s roads were stagecoach trails cut where ___________ _______________ had been.
• Most of the roads ran from east to west. Stagecoaches ran regularly from Savannah to Athens in the north and Brunswick in the south.
• __________________ was the main east-west gateway into the state.
Ferries
Why were ferries important?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
How did ferries operate in deep water?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Greeting
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