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ENGLISH Antonyms, Synonyms and Sentences for 1st year IInd semester

Unit: 4

1. Admiral:

Syn: appreciate, approve, praise, respect, venerate

Ant: desire, hate, dislike, detest, sentence: an officer of very high rank in the navy

Sentence: I really admire people who can work in such difficult conditions.

2. Extensive:

Syn: broad, expanded, sweeping, vast, wide

Ant: confined, narrow, restricted

Sentence: a school with extensive grounds

3. Marine:

Syn: acquatic, hydrographic, maritime, naval, ocean, natatorial, pelagic, seagoing

Ant: terrestrial, goedetic, earthly, ashore, alluvial

sentence: The oil slick seriously threatens marine life around the islands. 4. Priority:

Syn: main-concern, right of way

Sentence: My first/top priority is to find somewhere to live.

5. Stockpile:

Syn: supply, store, hoard

Sentence: They have a stockpile of weapons and ammunition that will last several months.

6. Disruption:

Syn: trouble, interruption, disturbance

Sentence: The accident on the main road through town is causing widespread disruption for motorists.

7. Flee:

Syn: escape, fly

Ant: stand your ground

Sentence: In order to escape capture, he fled to the mountains.

8. Measure:

syn:criterion,gauge,law,principle,proof,rule,scale,standard,test,touchstone,capacity,degree,share,proposal

Sentence: This machine measures your heart rate.

9. Refuge:

Syn: fortress, hideway, protection, sanctuary, shelter, retreat, haven

Ant: danger, hazard, risk, jeopardy, exposure, pitfall

Sentence: The climbers slept in a mountain refuge.

10. Superintend:

Syn: manage, control

Sentence: Her job is to superintend the production process.

11. Emphasing:

Syn: stress

Sentence: I think we should put as much emphasis on preventing disease as we do on curing it.

12. Froth:

Syn: head, foam, bubble

Sentence: Shake the drink before serving it to froth it up.

13. Monitoring:

Syn: guidance

Sentence: The new findings suggest that women ought to monitor their cholesterol levels.

14. Resource:

Syn: supply, store

Sentence: The country's greatest resource is the dedication of its workers.

15. Supervisory:

Syn: managerial, administrate

Sentence: We need to employ more supervisory staff.

16. Endemic:

Syn: wide spread, common, rife

Sentence: Malaria is endemic in many of the hotter regions of the world.

17. Hysterical:

Syn: out of control, frantic

Ant: composed

Sentence: Calm down, you're getting hysterical.

18. Operation:

syn:act,action,effort,agency,enterprise,execution,instrumentally,manipulation,performance,procedure,process,proceeding,working,transaction,maneuver

Ant: cessation, Inaction, inactivity

Sentence: There are several reactors of the type in operation at the moment.

19. Sever:

Syn: cut, separate, split, undo

Ant: attach, join

20. Essential:

Syn: important, key point, fundamental

Ant: unnecessary

Sentence: planning is essential for achieving goal

21. Infrastructure:

Syn: communication, fundamental facilities

Sentence: my college’s infrastructure is very nice

22. Evacuate:

Syn: to clear, remove from, vacate

Ant: join, together

Sentence: to victims of tsunami are evacuated

23. Vulnerable:

Syn: danger, at risk, helpless

Ant: safe, self-reliant

Sentence: I felt very vulnerable, standing there without any clothes on.

24. Inspection:

Syn: examination, check, scrutiny, assessment

Ant: uncheck, lenient

Sentences: Her passport seemed legitimate, but on closer inspection, it was found to have been altered.

25. Preventive:

Syn: stop, defensive, precautionary

Ant: start, aggressive

Sentence: In the past 10 years, preventive measures have radically reduced levels of tooth decay in children.

Unit: 5

1. Altruistic:

Syn: unselfish, self less

Ant: selfish

Sentence: I doubt whether her motives for donating the money are altruistic - she's probably looking for publicity.

2. Amenable:

Syn: better, change

Ant: spoil, blemish

Sentence: Do you think the new manager will prove more amenable to our proposals?

3. Biomarker:

Syn: biomarker, or biological marker, is in general a substance used as an indicator of a biological state. It is a characteristic that is objectively measured.

Sentence:

4. Cardiovascular:

Syn: relating to both the heart and the blood vessels

Sentence: she is suffering from cardiovascular disease

5. Carrier:

Syn: transporter, shipper, mover

Sentence: There are an estimated 1.5 million HIV carriers in the country.

6. Chronic:

Syn: confirmed, constant

Ant: occasional, temporary

Sentence: There is a chronic shortage of teachers.

7. Correlate:

syn: correspondence, likeness, compare

Ant: difference, disparagement

Sentence: Stress levels and heart disease are strongly correlated

8. Demonastrate:

Syn: certainly, conclusion

Ant: confusion, concealment

Sentence: These problems demonstrate the importance of strategic planning.

9. Desirable:

Syn: acceptable, advisable

Ant: detrimental, baneful

Sentence: It’s regarded as a highly desirable job.

10. Elevated:

Syn: advance, exact

Ant: abase, condemn

Sentence: The doctor said I was to keep my leg elevated.

11. Elimination:

Syn: abolish, banish

Ant: accept, admit

Sentence: We eventually found the answer by a process of elimination.

12. Endemic:

Syn: widespread, common, ripe

Sentence: The disease is endemic among British sheep/to many British flocks.

13. Eradication:

syn: abolish, destroy

Ant: exact, confirm

Sentence: The government claims to be doing all it can to eradicate corruption.

14. Epidemiology:

Syn; the scientific and medical study of the causes and transmission of disease within a population

Sentence: Poverty in this country has reached epidemic proportions

15. Err:

Syn: blunder, wrong

Sentence: He erred in agreeing to her appointment

16. Fetish:

Syn: obsession, thing

Sentence: He has a fetish about/for high-heels.

17. Initiate:

Syn: arise, begin, open, start

Ant: close, complete

Sentence: Each culture had a special ritual to initiate boys into manhood.

18. Intensification:

Syn: rise, strength, growth

Ant: reduction, weakness

Sentence: Fighting around the capital has intensified in the last few hours.

19. Lentil:

Syn: an edible seed that is lens-shaped, brown, gray, green, or black on the outside and yellow or orange inside, and rich in protein

Sentence: I like lentil soup

20. Metabolic:

Syn: relating to or typical of metabolism

Sentence: The athletes had taken pills to stimulate their metabolic rate

21. Monopoly:

syn: absorb, control, domination

Ant: exude

Sentence: The government is determined to protect its tobacco monopoly.

22. Morsel:

Syn: scrap, piece, bit, fragment

Ant: chunk

Sentence: The prisoners ate every last morsel.

23. Palate:

Syn: taste, liking

Ant: dislike

Sentence: palate is the top part of mouth

24. Premature:

Syn: early, green

Ant: matured, overdue

Sentence: Their criticisms seem premature considering that the results aren't yet known.

25. Recommend:

Syn: imply,

Ant: demand, dictate

Sentence: She is a highly recommended architect.

26. Reservoir:

Syn: tank, pool, basin

Sentence: The universities constitute a reservoir of expert knowledge.

27. Responsive:

Syn: alert, open, approachable

Ant: stop doing

Sentence: She wasn't responsive to questioning.

28. Sparingly:

Syn: carefully, thinly

Ant: liberally

Sentence: There wasn't enough coal during the war, so we had to use it sparingly.

29. Staunch:

Syn: reliable, trusty, stop

Ant: undependable

Sentence: He gained a reputation as being a staunch defender/supporter of civil rights.

30. Stratergy:

Sentence: The president held an emergency meeting to discuss military strategy with his defence commanders yesterday.

31. Temptation:

Syn: bait, charm

Ant: discourage, nauseate

Sentence: As a young actress, she managed to resist the temptation to move to Hollywood.

32. Transmission:

syn: communicate, broadcast

Ant: hide, conceal

Sentence: We apologize for the interruption to our transmissions this afternoon.

Unit 6

1. Applied:

Syn: functional, useful, practical

Ant: theoretical

Sentence: in these days applied mathematics play an important role

2. Chivalry:

Syn: brave, courage, courteous, gallant, generous, heroic, knightly

Ant: cowardly, rude, timorous, and unmannerly

Sentence: "After you,” he said chivalrously, holding open the door.

3. Conviction:

Syn: criminal, culprit, felon, malefactor

Ant: absolve, acquit, exonerate, pardon

Sentence: The conviction of the three demonstrators has caused public outrage locally.

4. Egalitarian:

Syn: democratic, open, free

Ant: repressive

Sentence: The party's principles are basically egalitarian.

5. Factor:

Syn: actor, agent, attorney, delegate, manager, deputy

Ant: retain

Sentence: People's voting habits are influenced by political, social and economic factors

6. Intellectual:

Syn: thinker, academic, brain

Sentence: I like detective stories and romances - nothing too intellectual.

7. Loops:

Syn: curve, bend, arc, twist

Sentence: Turn left where the road loops (= curves) round the farm buildings.

8. Negate:

Syn: cancel out, reverse, wipe out

Sentence: The increase in our profits has been negated by the rising costs of running the business.

9. Nicking:

Syn: cut, a small V-shaped cut or indentation in an edge or surface

Sentence: there is a deep nicking on the seashore during Tsunami

10. Noble:

Syn: aristocratic, august, dignified, elevated, grand

Ant: object, base, ignoble, low, servile

Sentence: His followers believe they are fighting for a noble cause.

11. Pedagogue:

Sentence: The minister's reforms are pedagogically questionable (= not based on good teaching theory).

12. Pitch:

Syn: cast, chuck, fling, heave, hurl, launch, propel, sling, throw, toss

Ant: catch, grab, and receive

Sentence: She pitched the stone into the river.

13. Promising:

Syn: affirmation, agreement, assurance, contract, oath, pledge, undertaking, fulfillment

Sentence: They won the award for the most promising new band of the year.

14. Reform:

Syn: amend, better, correct, freshen, improve, minder repair, restore

Ant: aggravate, corrupt, damage, impair, rein

Sentence: The education system in Britain was crying out for reform.

15. Renounce:

Syn: abandon, abdicate, desert, drop, sacrifice

Ant: maintain, preserve, persist, and remain

Sentence: Gandhi renounced the use of violence.

16. Spreading:

Syn: circulate, diffuse, dispense, open, extend

Ant: collect, conceal, condense, suppress

Sentence: The fire spread very rapidly because of the strong wind.

17. Springboard:

Syn: launch pad, catalyst

Sentence: The firm's director is confident that the new project will act as a springboard for/to further contracts.

18. Stele:

Syn: epitaph, an inscription on a tombstone or monument commemorating the person buried there

Sentence: Buddhist steles are found throughout India

19. Summit:

Syn: height, top, peak, zenith

Ant: nadir, depth

Sentence: I certainly haven't reached the summit of my career

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