Peters Township School District



____________________________________7th Grade Social StudiesU.S. History from the Revolution to ReconstructionClass 85— American System January 7, 2019Focus: Why do you think Americans were opposed to the “American” System? - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Student Objectives:1. I will identify the political, economical, and sectional importance of Henry Clay’s American System. Homework:-Chapter 9.1 and 9.2 Test Wednesday 1/9Handouts:noneI. Henry ClayII. American System Pros and Cons Key terms/ideas/ people/places:NationalismSectionalismAmerican SystemHenry ClayTariffMcCulloch v. MarylandGibbon v. Ogden By the end of class today, I will be able to answer the following:Why were Southerners opposed to the American System?What was the significance of the McCulloch v. Maryland decision? The Gibbon v. Ogden decision?NotesClass 85— American System January 7, 2019American System:Henry ClaySynthesis of commerce, agriculture, and industryHigh tariff to protect U.S. manufacturing in the NorthInternal improvementsNorth would buy agricultural goods from South and WestNeed BUSOpposition to the American System:Thomas Hart BentonFactories are not virtuousTariffs, banks, and internal improvements = privilege for few at expense of othersSouth found it easier to transport cotton along their rivers-don’t need internal improvementsTariff raised the price of textiles and thus diminished the demand for southern cotton-also increased the cost of maintaining slaves-tariff did not serve slave holding interestsMcCulloch v. Maryland:states had no right to interfere with federal institutions-The bank of the U.S. is thus constitutionalJohn Marshall Federalistloose interpretation just like HamiltonConstitution received its power from the people and not the statesStates have no authority over the BUSGibbon v. Ogden:federal government regulates interstate commerce____________________________________7th Grade Social Studies U.S. History from the Revolution to ReconstructionClass 86— Missouri Compromise and Election of 1824 January 8, 2019Focus: Read the following quote by Thomas Jefferson and then answer this question: What question has filled Jefferson with terror?“This momentous question, like a fire bell in the night, awakened and filled me with terror. I considered it at once as the knell of the union. It is hushed, indeed for the moment. But this is a reprieve only, not a final sentence….I regret that I am not to die in the belief, that the useless sacrifice of themselves by the generation of 1776, to acquire self-government and happiness to their country, is to be thrown away by the unwise and unworthy passions of their sons, and that my only consolation is to be, that I live not to weep over it.” - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Student Objectives:1. I will analyze the Missouri Compromise and the political and the sectional concept of “balance of power.”2. I will analyze the election of 1824.Homework: -Chapter 9.1 and 9.2 Test Wednesday 1/9Handouts:noneI. Missouri CompromiseII. Election of 1824Key terms/ideas/ people/places:John Quincy AdamsMaineMissouri 36°30′ latitude lineHenry ClayAndrew JacksonWilliam CrawfordSectionalismBalance of PowerCorrupt BargainSecretary of State By the end of class today, I will be able to answer the following:Who was the “kingmaker” in the Election of 1824? Why?What were the three parts of the Missouri Compromise?Why was balance of power important in the Antebellum Era?NotesClass 86— Missouri Compromise and Election of 1824 January 8, 2019Missouri Compromise:MO applies for statehoodJames Tallmadge (NY)-MO further of importation of slaves prohibited and all children born after MO admission b/c free at the age of 25 years oldCongress thrown into uproar and dividedMO debate shows South much more devoted to slavery than the Revolutionary GenerationSoutherners would not tolerate Northern participation in ending slaveryThe CompromiseMaine enters as free stateMissouri enters as slave stateMaintains the balance of powerNo slavery above the 36°30′ latitude lineElection of 1824:South-William Crawford (GA)NE-John Quincy Adams (MA)West-Henry Clay (KY) & Andrew Jackson (TN)No one wins majority-goes to House of RepresentativesClay, least number of votes, eliminated from contention, becomes “king maker” Corrupt BargainClay supports Adams for PresidentAdams makes Clay his Secretary of State (seen as stepping stone to Presidency)Worst political mistake of Clay’s career ____________________________________7th Grade Social Studies U.S. History from the Revolution to ReconstructionClass 87— Test January 9, 2019Homework:-Read and take notes on Chapter 10, Section 1 pgs.322-324 (due 1/11)-Read and take notes Chapter 10, Section 2 pgs. 326-327 stop at Tariff of Abominations (due 1/14)-Read and take notes Chapter 10, Section 2 pgs. 327-330 stop at Panic of 1837 (due 1/16)-Read and take notes Chapter 10, Section 3 pgs.332-335 (due 1/22)-Read and take notes Chapter 10, Section 2 pgs. 330-331 (due 1/24)-DBQ Due Thursday 1/31-Chapter 10 Test Friday 2/1____________________________________7th Grade Social StudiesU.S. History from the Revolution to ReconstructionClass 88—Andrew Jackson Background January 10, 2019Focus: Are all great men good? Explain. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Student Objectives:I will analyze the background of Andrew Jackson. Homework:-Read and take notes on Chapter 10, Section 1 pgs.322-324 (due 1/11)-Read and take notes Chapter 10, Section 2 pgs. 326-327 stop at Tariff of Abominations (due 1/14)-Read and take notes Chapter 10, Section 2 pgs. 327-330 stop at Panic of 1837 (due 1/16)-Read and take notes Chapter 10, Section 3 pgs.332-335 (due 1/22)-Read and take notes Chapter 10, Section 2 pgs. 330-331 (due 1/24)-DBQ Due Thursday 1/31-Chapter 10 Test Friday 2/1Handouts:1. NoneI. Jackson in the RevolutionII. Love LifeIII. DuelKey terms/ideas/ people/places:CourierRachelTom and Jesse BentonCharles DickinsonBean ArrestBy the end of class today, I will be able to answer the following:Does Andrew Jackson have good character? Why or why not?NotesClass 88—Andrew Jackson Background January 10, 2019Jackson in the Revolutionary War:courier, a message carrier.But he got caught, along with his brother RobertNow he was prisoner, an American boy taken captive by His Majesty’s Army at the age of 14The British commander wanted his boots cleaned and ordered Andrew to scrub them.The boy refused, arguing that he had rights as a prisoner of war“Sir, I am a prisoner of war, and claim to be treated as such.”The angry officer lashed out at the boy with his sword.The boy threw up his left hand to protect himself.The blade slashed his hand to the bone and cut him badly on the head.“The sword point reached my head and has left a mark there…on the skull, as well as on the fingers.”He carried the scars for the rest of his life and would come to loath the BritishCharles Dickinson Duel:Jackson kills Dickinson in a duel that starts over a debt owed on a horse race and escalates when Dickinson insults Jackson’s wife, RachelMay 30, 1806At the mark, Dickinson fires immediately and a puff of dust spews off of Jackson’s coat. Jackson merely swayed a little.The bullet had entered Jackson’s chest, broke two ribs, and lodged itself 2 millimeters from Jackson’s heart. It was never removed and he would cough up blood on occasion for the rest of his lifeJackson’s shot enters the upper part of Dickinson’s stomach, exits through his back and leaves a large hole in the man in the process, killing the manBean Arrest: Bean cut off the ears of his infant childSheriff afraid of BeanJackson, the judge, takes matters into his own handsJackson: “Now, surrender, you infernal villain, this very instant or I’ll blow you through.”Bean, dropping his guns: “I will surrender to you, sir, but to no one else.”Rachel:Rachel was separated from her husband, Captain Lewis Robards.Rachel and the captain argued a lot, and so Rachel moved out. She thought that her husband had filed for divorce and that she was again single.Without knowing she wasn’t legally divorced from the captain, she married Andrew Jackson!Jackson’s critics were ruthless and called Rachel terrible names for making a simple mistake.Once Rachel’s divorce from the captain was finalized, she and Andrew Jackson remarried each other so that their marriage was legal.Despite all of this, Jackson’s critics were relentless. They continued to call Rachel nasty names and spread ugly rumors about her relationship with Jackson.Andrew and Rachel were married for 34 years and lived in Nashville, TN. Rachel dies months before Jackson enters the White House—he blames his critics for killing her with their nasty words about her____________________________________7th Grade Social Studies U.S. History from the Revolution to ReconstructionClass 89— Election of 1828 & Second American Party System January 11, 2019Focus: Read the article on the back of this paper. Answer these questions: Is this a clear example of Jacksonian Democracy? Why? Why would children, women, and African Americans celebrate the election of Andrew Jackson if they did not have the right to vote?-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Student Objectives:1. I will analyze the election of 1828 as the origins of the second American party system.Homework:-Read and take notes Chapter 10, Section 2 pgs. 326-327 stop at Tariff of Abominations (due 1/14)-Read and take notes Chapter 10, Section 2 pgs. 327-330 stop at Panic of 1837 (due 1/16)-Read and take notes Chapter 10, Section 3 pgs.332-335 (due 1/22)-Read and take notes Chapter 10, Section 2 pgs. 330-331 (due 1/24)-DBQ Due Thursday 1/31-Chapter 10 Test Friday 2/1Handouts:Account of Andrew Jackson’s inauguration as witnessed by Margaret SmithI. Jacksonian Democracy II. Election of 1828 Second American Party System Key terms/ideas/ people/places:Jacksonian DemocracyJohn Quincy AdamsAndrew JacksonMartin Van BurenDemocratic PartyCharles Dickinson Rachel Robards JacksonSpoils SystemKitchen Cabinet John EatonBy the end of class today, I will be able to answer the following:What is the Kitchen Cabinet? Who was in it?What new political party formed in the Election of 1828?Why is the Election of 1828 considered “dirty?”Account of Andrew Jackson’s inauguration as witnessed by Margaret SmithAfter a while a passage was opened, and he mounted his horse which had been provided for his return (for he had walked to the Capitol) then such a cortege as followed him! Country men, farmers, gentlemen, mounted and dismounted, boys, women and children, black and white. Carriages, wagons and carts all pursuing him to the President's house. . . . [W]e set off to the President's House, but on a nearer approach found an entrance impossible, the yard and avenue was compact with living matter." "But what a scene did we witness! The Majesty of the People had disappeared, and a rabble, a mob, of boys, negros [sic], women, children, scrambling fighting, romping. What a pity what a pity! No arrangements had been made no police officers placed on duty and the whole house had been inundated by the rabble mob. We came too late.The President, after having been literally nearly pressed to death and almost suffocated and torn to pieces by the people in their eagerness to shake hands with Old Hickory, had retreated through the back way or south front and had escaped to his lodgings at Gadsby's.Cut glass and china to the amount of several thousand dollars had been broken in the struggle to get the refreshments, punch and other articles had been carried out in tubs and buckets, but had it been in hogsheads it would have been insufficient, ice-creams, and cake and lemonade, for 20,000 people, for it is said that number were there, tho' I think the number exaggerated.Ladies fainted, men were seen with bloody noses and such a scene of confusion took place as is impossible to describe, - those who got in could not get out by the door again, but had to scramble out of windows. At one time, the President who had retreated and retreated until he was pressed against the wall, could only be secured by a number of gentleman forming around him and making a kind of barrier of their own bodies, and the pressure was so great that Col. Bomford who was one said that at one time he was afraid they should have been pushed down, or on the President. It was then the windows were thrown open, and the torrent found an outlet, which otherwise might have proved fatal.This concourse had not been anticipated and therefore not provided against. Ladies and gentlemen, only had been expected at this Levee, not the people en masse. But it was the People's day, and the People's President and the People would rule."NotesClass 89— Election of 1828 & Second American Party System January 11, 2019Second American Party System:Created by Martin Van Buren so their wouldn’t be sectional partiesDemocratic party createdElection of 1828:“Between J.Q. Adams, who can write/And Andy Jackson, who can fight.”One of the dirtiest in U.S. HistoryAdamsPortrayed as aristocratic, intellectual, and un-AmericanJacksonAttack his characterDuel/Kills DickinsonRachelWas she still married when Jackson married her?Were they living together while she was married to another man?Spoils System:Politicians practice of giving government jobs to supportersthe spoils system diminished both the competence and prestige of public officeJacksonians the first to useGetting rid of losing party and replacing it with their own creates networks of influence throughout the country that helped hold the country togetherVery similar to a monarchy—hence “King Andrew” and the formation of the WhigsKitchen Cabinet:Jackson’s group of informal advisors-met in the White House KitchenNo permanent membershipGroup of presidential favorites outside the official cabinetThe group of advisors came under suspicionMajor PlayersAmos KendallWilliam B. LewisJohn Eaton-Secretary of WarMartin Van Buren-Secretary of StateAndrew Donelson JacksonFrancis BlairRoger Taney ................
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