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Unit 5: World War II Study GuideTest Date: Friday, February 14th *Note: the test is application of understanding, not just memorization of facts.CAUSES OF WORLD WAR II:Hitler came to power in Germany when the country was economically struggling. He gave the people hope during a time when unemployment was down and people were struggling to survive. Germany was still upset due to the Treaty of Versailles taking away lands, forcing the government to repay large debts, and Germany was not allowed to rebuild their military.Hitler began building Germany’s military when he became Chancellor. He ignored the Treaty of Versailles by rebuilding the military.Japan aggressively expanded their territories, taking over parts of China and small weak countries in the Pacific as well as invading territories claimed by the Soviet Union.U.S. ENTERING WWII-15289712708200Pearl Harbor-U.S. didn’t want to enter World War II since the president, FDR, didn’t want to enter into another world war. Isolationism-Dec. 7, 1941-Japan attacked United States at U.S. Naval Base in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. - Emperor Hirohito wanted to take over that part of the world in order to advance his empire.-The United States entered WW2 the next day. IMPORTANT BATTLES500932213197D-Day: -June 6, 1944-Allied Forces invaded France at Normandy.-Largest “Amphibious Attack” (from water to land)-156,000 Allied forces land in Normandy, France to liberate France and Europe from Nazi control. **This was the turning point in World War II**Iwo Jima: left952500-February 1944-U.S. invaded a small island off of Japan, Iwo Jima. We wanted to use the island for tactical reasons.-Considered one of the bloodiest battles of WWII, losing almost all of the 21,000 Japanese soldiers and 7,000 US soldiers died. -The battle lasted 6 weeks, due to the Japanese using tunnels for surprise attacks, but the Allied forces defeated the Japanese.589470542672000LIFE IN THE U.S. DURING WWIIAmericans were asked to make many sacrifices during the warDuring WWII, women were expected to go back to the work force to take the jobs the men had left (just like WWI). Propaganda was created to encourage women’s rights and equality.Due to many supplies being needed for the war, Americans had to ration items (such as gasoline, meat, sugar, coffee, etc.).578929511176000African American soldiers and pilots were permitted to fly and fight during WWII.They were called the Tuskegee Airmen and were given the same training as the white pilots. They had the best flight records during the war, but were still segregated from the white soldiers.492379021780500VE-DAY:May 8, 1945-German troops surrendered to the Allied forces. -The Allied forces defeated Germany!-VE (Victory in Europe)4578350207645Atomic Bombs:August 6, 1945-Harry Truman decided that dropping an atomic bomb would end the war faster than invading Japan. Plus save American lives that could have been lost in more battles.-He approved the drop of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan.-Three days later, Japan had not surrendered, so another atomic bomb was dropped on Nagasaki, Japan.-Hirohito surrendered on August 15th.7302511620500VJ-DAY:August 15, 1945-Japan troops surrendered to the Allied forces. -WWII was finally over!-VJ (Victory over Japan)Holocaust:-6 million Jews were killed during WWII in what is known as the Holocaust. -Adolf Hitler felt as if the Jews, Gypsies, Polish, Catholics, disabled, and others were an inferior race unlike what he called the “pure race”. -He encouraged racism and acts of violence against these groups of people. They were segregated, sent to ghettos in countries and work camps called concentration camps. -Not all Germans or people from other countries agreed with Hitler’s hatred of Jews and helped to hide Jews. If they were caught, they were killed or sent to concentration camps as well. -Before and after WWII, Jewish people moved to the US, Israel, Canada, and Great Britain to escape and rebuild their lives.The Results of World War II-Creation of the United Nations (UN)-created by FDR and Churchill (“Big Four Countries”- China, Great Britain, US, and Russia) -helps the countries be peaceful and avoid another world war.Important PeopleFranklin D. Roosevelt (FDR)-6540510494000-President of the U.S. -Joined WW2 after Pearl Harbor-Member of “The Big 3”-Allied PowerJoseph Stalin331852575900-Leader of the Soviet Union-Member of “The Big 3”-Allied PowerWinston Churchill133354953000-Prime Minister of Great Britain-Member of “The Big 3”-Allied PowerHirohito-4453311405100-Emperor of Japan-Lead the bombing against Pearl Harbor-Surrendered after atomic bombing-Axis PowerHarry S. Truman423241449400-President of the U.S. at the end of WW2-Ordered the atomic bombing on JapanBenito Mussolini76202921000-Dictator of Italy-Started the Fascist Party-Axis PowerAdolf Hitler-2029212360400-Dictator of Germany -Started WW2 and the Holocaust-Axis Power-Committed suicideEleanor- Roosevelt-1366713975500-First Lady of the U.S. (changed the role of First Ladies)-Representative at the United Nations-Helped write the Universal Declaration of Human Rights-wanted peace throughout the worldRosie the Riveter-158754392500-Cultural icon of WW2 propaganda campaign at recruiting females for the workforce -Most successful recruitment tool in American HistoryAxis PowerAllied Powercalled “The Big Three”-444515240000Axis Leaders:Germany- Adolf HitlerItaly- Benito MussoliniJapan-Hirohito-3492512890500Allied Leaders:United States- FDR and TrumanEngland- Winston ChurchillRussia-Joseph Stalin ................
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