PA MONTHLY WORKSTATS

[Pages:8]PA MONTHLY WORKSTATS

LABOR FORCE ? JOBS ? UNEMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION

PA Monthly WorkStats presents the most up-to-date labor market highlights and happenings in the commonwealth. Information herein is produced and published monthly and includes data on the labor force, jobs, and unemployment compensation for both the state and select substate areas as well as relevant media reports. Additional details and historical information are available on our website: workstats.dli..

2021

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

October 2021 Big Numbers

6 . 0 % Unemployment Rate

5,760,800

Statewide Job Count

46,560 Initial Claims

Note: arrows indicate increase, decrease, or no change from the previous month

How many industry supersectors have added jobs since last October? ----- Page 2 Find unemployment statistics by gender, race, age, and educational attainment. ----- Page 4 View recent Unemployment Compensation trends. ----- Page 6 Read snapshots from recent articles related to labor market data from across the state and from various industries. ----- Page 7 What is a nonfarm job? ----- Page 6

For additional information and resources, please contact: Center for Workforce Information & Analysis (CWIA)

1-877-493-3282 | workforceinfo@ | workstats.dli.

CURRENT EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS

JOBS BY SUPERSECTOR

NOVEMBER 2021 EDITION ? OCTOBER 2021 DATA (SEASONALLY ADJUSTED)

Industry Total Nonfarm Jobs Goods-Producing Industries

Mining & Logging Construction Manufacturing Service-Providing Industries Trade, Transportation, & Utilities Information Financial Activities Professional & Business Services Education & Health Services Leisure & Hospitality Other Services Government

Jobs 5,760,800

818,300 21,300

245,800 551,200 4,942,500 1,104,600

85,700 329,700 776,900 1,248,600 485,200 239,100 672,700

* Italics signifies the greatest over-the-year movement ** Highlighting signifies an all-time high

Change from October 2020 Volume Percent Trend

134,700 2.4% 13,500 1.7% 200 0.9% (1,300) (0.5%) 14,600 2.7%

121,200 2.5% 26,000 2.4% 4,100 5.0% 7,000 2.2% 24,700 3.3% 6,400 0.5% 47,300 10.8% 9,100 4.0% (3,400) (0.5%)

SPECIAL POINTS OF INTEREST

Total nonfarm jobs were up 19,100 (0.3 percent) over the month to 5,760,800 in October. This was the sixth consecutive gain due to an upward revision to September's data. As of October 2021, approximately 70 percent of the March and April 2020 losses have been recovered.

In PA, total nonfarm jobs were up 134,700 from October 2020. This was an increase of 2.4 percent in the state compared to a gain of 4.1 percent nationally.

Nine of the 11 supersectors were up from year-ago levels in the state, although all were still below their February 2020 levels.

Among the 11 industry supersectors, seven added jobs over the month. Leisure & hospitality had the largest gain from September, up 8,600. Three other supersectors added at least 3,000 jobs each. The largest decline was in government (2,900).

Leisure & hospitality had the largest 12-month gain among supersectors (47,300) and has so far recovered slightly more than 70 percent of the nearly 340,000 jobs lost in March and April 2020. As of October 2021, six of the 11 supersectors have recovered more than 2/3 of the jobs lost during the first two months of the pandemic.

How Have Jobs Changed Over THE Long TERM?

Percent of Total Nonfarm Jobs

14%

12%

14% 22%

64%

74%

Oct. 1991

Oct. 2021

Government Goods-Producers Private Service-Providers

Today, private service-providers make up a larger portion of total nonfarm jobs than they did 30 years ago, while goodsproducers' share of jobs shrunk.

Thirty years ago, more than one out of every five jobs in Pennsylvania were in goodproducing industries compared to about one in every seven jobs now.

CHANGE IN SUPERSECTOR VOLUME

(current volume includes 5-year grow th but not the decline)

5-Year Growth

5-Year Decline

Current Volume

Mining & Logging Construction

Manufacturing Trade, Transportation, & Utilities

Information Financial Activities Professional & Business Services Education & Health Services Leisure & Hospitality

Other Services Government 0

30

60

90

120

150

Employment (in tens of thousands)

Total nonfarm jobs have contracted 2.3 percent over the last five years with declines in seven of the 11 supersectors. Leisure & hospitality had the largest volume change from October 2016, down 74,600 jobs ? more than double the five-year decline of any other supersector.

2

CURRENT EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS

JOBS BY METROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREA (MSA) NOVEMBER 2021 EDITION ? OCTOBER 2021 DATA

MSA OVER-THE-YEAR JOB CHANGE (SEASONALLY ADJUSTED)

SPECIAL POINTS OF INTEREST

(MSA industry data are not seasonally adjusted)

MSA Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton Altoona Bloomsburg-Berwick Chambersburg-Waynesboro East Stroudsburg Erie Gettysburg Harrisburg-Carlisle

Jobs 370,500

57,900 43,000 59,600 56,300 119,300 34,800 342,000

Change from October 2020

Volume Percent

Trend

15,000

4.2%

(800) (1.4%)

2,100

5.1%

1,300

2.2%

1,800

3.3%

1,700

1.4%

1,800

5.5%

8,200

2.5%

In October 2021, for the seventh consecutive month, jobs increased over the year statewide and in 14 MSAs after 12 consecutive months of decline over the year.

In the Johnstown MSA, jobs fell over the year for the fourth consecutive month after three consecutive increases, while the Altoona MSA had its second overthe-year decrease after five consecutive increases.

Eight MSAs exceeded the state's over-the-year percentage job increase of 2.4 percent for October while the remaining 10 MSAs had a lower percentage increase than the state's percentage gain. The Johnstown MSA had the largest percentage loss (2.0 percent), while the Gettysburg MSA had the largest percentage increase (5.5 percent).

Johnstown Lancaster Lebanon

48,100 248,100

51,200

(1,000) 3,700 400

(2.0%) 1.5% 0.8%

The largest volume increase in jobs over the past year occurred in the Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington MSA. Jobs increased in both the service-providing and goodsproducing industries. However, all the job gains were from the private sector as public jobs fell by 0.1 percent.

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington

2,855,700

84,900

Pittsburgh

1,126,000

25,400

Reading

166,200

900

Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton

248,800

3,400

State College

73,000

2,100

Williamsport

50,600

1,100

York-Hanover

182,800

5,800

* Italics signifies the greatest over-the-year movement

** Highlighting signifies an all-time high

SPECIAL POINTS OF INTEREST

(based on non-seasonally adjusted MSA industry data)

3.1% 2.3% 0.5% 1.4% 3.0% 2.2% 3.3%

Private sector jobs in the Philadelphia-CamdemWilmington MSA rose in all supersectors, sectors, and industry groups reported, except for hospitals which decreased by 0.2 percent. The decrease in federal government jobs overcame a smaller gain in local government jobs, while state jobs were unchanged. The service-providing industries garnered the lion's share of the job gains (90.1 percent). The largest percentage increase was in the leisure & hospitality supersector, which during the recession suffered the most due to the impact of social distancing. It rebounded in October with a 11.5 percent increase over the year and accounted for 26.0 percent of the over-the-year job increases in the MSA.

MSA 10-YEAR JOB CHANGE (not seasonally adjusted) goods-producing versus service-providing INDUSTRIES

Over the last 10 years, statewide jobs grew in the private sector and in service-providing industries while declining in the public sector and goods-producing industries. Job losses statewide were more pronounced when looking at the most recent five-year period, where statewide jobs declined in both the public and private sectors as well as in goods-producing and service-providing industries. Therefore, more insight can be gleaned by dividing the period into its two component half-decades. The changes over the 10-year period blend the results of the two periods and mask the differences between those periods.

Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton Altoona Bloomsburg-Berwick Chambersburg-Waynesboro East Stroudsburg Erie Gettysburg Harrisburg-Carlisle Johnstown

The performance of private sector jobs over the last decade across

Lancaster

the 18 MSAs is an example of how the 10-year performance masks

Lebanon

different trajectories over its two halves. Over the whole period, private jobs increased in 11 MSAs and declined in seven MSAs. However, private job growth was more robust over the first half decade when 14 MSAs had increases and the BloomsburgBerwick, Erie, Johnstown, and Williamsport MSAs were the only

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington Pittsburgh Reading Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton

MSAs where private jobs declined. Private sector job growth in

State College

the last five years was almost the reverse, as jobs increased in

Williamsport

only the Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, Bloomsburg-Berwick, and

York-Hanover

Harrisburg-Carlisle MSAs, were unchanged in the Lancaster MSA -30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

and declined in the remaining 14 MSAs.

Since most service?providing jobs are in the private sector, it is not surprising that the performance of both in creating jobs over the last decade was similar. In the first five years of the last decade, only the Erie and Johnstown MSAs ended the half decade with fewer service-providing jobs than when they began. Conversely, in the most recent five years, service-providing jobs decreased in 17 MSAs and only increased in the Bloomsburg-Berwick MSA. Combining those disparate results led to service-providing jobs over the decade decreasing in nine MSAs, remaining unchanged in the Gettysburg MSA, and increasing in the other eight MSAs.

Goods-Producing Industries (positive)

Service-Providing Industries (positive)

Goods-Producing Industries (negative)

Service-Providing Industries (negative)

* Data are not seasonally adjusted, scale indicates percentage

3

LOCAL AREA UNEMPLOYMENT STATISTICS

LABOR FORCE FOR PENNSYLVANIA AND THE UNITED STATES

NOVEMBER 2021 EDITION ? OCTOBER 2021 DATA (SEASONALLY ADJUSTED)

PA October 2021

6.0%

Employment 5,892,000

Unemployment 378,000

PA September 2021

6.2%

Employment 5,886,000

Unemployment 390,000

U.S. October 2021

4.6%

Employment 154,039,000

Unemployment 7,419,000

SPECIAL POINTS OF INTEREST

Pennsylvania's seasonally adjusted unemployment rate decreased two-tenths of a percentage point over the month to 6.0 percent in October.

PA's rate was 1.4 percentage points higher than the U.S. rate, which decreased two-tenths of a percentage point to 4.6 percent.

Seasonally adjusted labor force was down 6,000 in October to 6,270,000; the fifth decrease in a row.

Employment was up 6,000 from last month to 5,892,000. This is first increase after two months of decreases.

Unemployment decreased 12,000 to 378,000 persons, the eighth decrease in a row.

(in thousands)

6,575 6,475 6,375 6,275 6,175

2019

Labor Force

2020 September

2021

(in thousands)

6,275 6,060 5,845 5,630 5,415 5,200

2019

Employment

2020 September

Current Population Survey (CPS) DATA

Unemployment Rate: 12-Month Moving Average (by Percent)

Oct. 2021

Sept. 2021

Oct. 2020

Total

6.8

6.9

8.7

Gender Race Age

Female Male Black White 16 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 54 55+ Less than HS

6.3

6.4

8.8

7.3

7.4

8.6

13.9

13.8

16.1

5.9

6.0

7.4

9.7

9.8

17.6

10.1

10.3

12.8

6.7

6.8

7.6

5.3

5.2

8.1

12.8

13.0

12

Education

HS Diploma AD / Some College

8.7

8.8

10.2

7.1

6.9

9.0

BD or Higher

3.7

3.8

5.2

People with Disabilities Veterans

14.4

14.7

16.4

6.6

6.3

7.1

Participation Rate Employment/Population Ratio Underemployment Rate (U-6) Discouraged Workers Part-Time for Economic Reasons Avg. Duration of Unemployment (weeks) Long-term Unemployed (>26 weeks)

61.4% 57.3% 10.2% 13,900 148,500

27.1 164,800

61.5% 57.2% 10.4% 13,800 154,500

26.6 168,200

62.5% 57.1% 13.6% 15,000 249,200

15.6 72,100

2021

(in thousands)

1,200 1,000

800 600 400 200

2019

Unemployment

2020 September

2021

Percent

16.0 13.4 10.8

8.2 5.6 3.0

2019

Unemployment Rate

2020 September

2021

SELECT STATES' UNEMPLOYMENT RATES (RANK)

(current volume includes 5-year grow th but not the decline)

PA (40)

State Name and National Rank Among All States

WI (11) VA (15) WV (25) OH (30)

Over-the-month Increase Over-the-month Decline Current Rate

DE (32)

MD (39)

IL (40)

MI (42)

NY (48)

NJ (49) 2.0% 4.0%

6.0%

8.0% 10.0% 12.0% 14.0% 16.0% -18.0% 20.0% 22.0% 24.0%

SPECIAL POINTS OF INTEREST

PA's 12-month average unemployment rate from the CPS went down onetenth of a percentage point to 6.8 percent in October.

The Employment-Population Ratio went up one-tenth to 57.3 percent, continuing the trend upward after last month's plateau.

The U-6 rate was 10.2 percent in October, which decreased two-tenths of a percentage point from last month.

The unemployment rate for veterans increased three-tenths of a percentage point to 6.6 percent. This is the first increase after two months of decreases.

The Civilian Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR) went down one-tenth of a percentage point to 61.4 in October. Over the year, the LFPR has gone down 1.1 percentage points.

4

LOCAL AREA UNEMPLOYMENT STATISTICS

LABOR FORCE FOR SELECT LOCAL AREAS

NOVEMBER 2021 EDITION ? OCTOBER 2021 DATA (SEASONALLY ADJUSTED)

SPECIAL POINTS OF INTEREST

In October 2021, the unemployment rate fell over the year in 66 counties and was constant in Clarion County. The largest over-the-year decrease was in Fulton County (4.5 percentage points). The state's decrease of 1.0 percentage point over the year was exceeded by 37 counties and equaled by four counties.

The volume of unemployment fell over the year in all 67 counties, except for Clarion County where it rose marginally. The largest volume decrease over the year (21,400) was in Philadelphia County. The largest percentage decrease over the year was 47.9 percent in Fulton County, while Clarion County had the largest percentage increase (0.3 percent).

In October, the volume of employment rose over the year in 49 counties and fell in the remaining 18 counties. Employment changed marginally in 10 counties, of which four were decreases and six were increases. The largest volume increase was in Philadelphia County (8,000) and the largest percentage increase (3.7 percent) was in Clinton County. The largest volume decrease was in Berks County (2,400) and the largest percentage decrease (3.7 percent) was in Cambria County.

In October, the volume of labor force increased over the year in 21 counties and fell in 46 counties. The largest volume increase over the year was in Lehigh County (2,000), while the largest percentage increase was in Sullivan County (2.9 percent). The largest volume decrease over the year was in Philadelphia County (13,400), while the largest percentage decline (4.2 percent) was in Warren County.

County unemployment rates in October ranged from a low of 3.4 percent in Chester County to a high of 7.5 percent in Fayette County. The state's unemployment rate in October of 6.0 percent was exceeded by 15 counties and equaled by Beaver and Mercer counties, while the remaining 50 counties had a rate lower than the state's rate.

Unemployment Rate by MSA Over-the-month direction of change and 10-year maximum and minimum range

Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton Altoona

Bloomsburg-Berwick Chambersburg-Waynesboro

East Stroudsburg Erie

Gettysburg Harrisburg-Carlisle

Johnstown Lancaster Lebanon Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington Pittsburgh

Reading Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton

State College Williamsport York-Hanover Over-the-Month Change: 0.0 Down: No Change: Up:

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

Unemployment Rate (percent) Current Rate: Left endpoint of bar: 10-year minimum Right endpoint of bar: 10-year maximum

5

County Unemployment Rates

< 5.0%

5.0% - 5.8% 5.9% - 6.8%

> 6.8%

SPECIAL POINTS OF INTEREST

In October, all 18 MSAs experienced over-the-year decreases in their unemployment rates. The largest decrease was in the Erie MSA (1.5 percentage points), while the smallest decrease was in the Johnstown MSA (0.3 percentage points).

The volume of unemployment fell over the year in all 18 MSAs. The largest decrease was 32,600 in the Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington MSA, while the Bloomsburg-Berwick MSA had the smallest decrease (200). The largest percentage decrease was in the Chambersburg-Waynesboro MSA (24.6 percent), while the smallest percentage decrease was in the Johnstown MSA (7.4 percent). The percentage decrease was in double digits in all the MSAs except for the Johnstown and Bloomsburg-Berwick MSAs, where the percentage decreases were in single digits.

Employment over the year increased in nine MSAs and fell in the remaining nine MSAs. The PhiladelphiaCamden-Wilmington MSA had the largest overthe-year increase (40,500), while the AllentownBethlehem-Easton MSA had the largest percentage increase (2.6 percent). The Reading MSA had the largest over-the-year decrease (2,400), while the Johnstown MSA had the largest percentage decrease (3.7 percent).

In October, the volume of labor force increased over

the year in five MSAs and decreased in the remaining

13 MSAs. Over the year the Reading MSA had the

largest volume decrease (5,700), while the Johnstown

MSA had the largest percentage decline (4.0 percent).

25.0

The Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington MSA had the largest volume increase over the year (7,900) and the

Bloomsburg-Berwick MSA had the largest percentage

increase (1.9 percent).

UNEMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION

CLAIMS AND BENEFITS AT A GLANCE NOVEMBER 2021 EDITION ? OCTOBER 2021 DATA (NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED)

REGULAR UC EXHAUSTION R ate

100

Exhaustion Rate (percent)

80

60

40

20

0 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2

2019

2020

2021

Number of Individuals Who Received UC Benefits

Regular UC: For the week ending October 30, 2021: 52,309 For the week ending September 25, 2021: 68, 715 For the week ending October 31, 2020: 210,821

Pandemic Emergency UC (PEUC): The Pandemic Emergency UC (PEUC) program ended in September 2021.

Extended Benefits UC (EB): The Extended Benefits program ended in May 2021.

Did You Know?

What are exhaustions?

Number of claimants drawing the final payment of their original entitlement for a given program.

What types of employment are covered by the UC program?

In Pennsylvania, most employment is covered by the UC program. Exceptions include some agricultural and seasonal workers, persons who are self-employed, officers of a corporation, professional athletes, and persons who are incarcerated. Civilian employees of the federal government are covered by the UCFE program, and ex-military personnel are covered by the UCX program.

How long can someone collect UC benefits?

The duration of regular UC benefits in Pennsylvania varies from 18 to 26 weeks. During periods of high unemployment, claimants may be eligible for extended benefits (EB) or emergency unemployment compensation (EUC).

Initial Claims (in thousands)

Continued Claims (in thousands)

Initial and Continued Claims Over The Past 26 Months

325

1,100

292.5

990

260

880

227.5

770

195

660

162.5

550

130

440

97.5

330

65

220

32.5

110

0

0

S OND J FMAM J J A S OND J FMAM J J A S O

2019

2020

2021

6

PENNSYLVANIA EMPLOYER ACTIVITY

PRESS UPDATE

NOVEMBER 2021 EDITION

PA Monthly WorkStats Press Update

The update below presents blurbs from recent articles related to labor market data from across the state and from various industries. Please note that while these updates may cover reporters' (or other) attempts to explain labor market data, CWIA and L&I serve to report these numbers and do not endorse any explanations that may or may not be included below.

, November 17, 2021 Pandemic not stopping new restaurants from opening in central Pa.: `We're doing what our dream is' Opening a new restaurant is risky enough. Doing so during a pandemic seems like a recipe for failure. The past 20 months have been among the roughest for those in the restaurant industry. Nearly 110,000 establishments nationwide permanently closed in 2020, according to estimates by the National Restaurant Association. Yet, according to business review site Yelp, new business openings -- 439,094 for the first three quarters of 2021 -- are above 2019 pre-pandemic levels. Obviously, new business owners are forging ahead. Dozens of new restaurants have opened in the immediate Harrisburg region this year. Newcomers run the gamut from ice cream shops and ethnic eateries, to craft breweries and takeout sushi. Nyree's Restaurant & Lounge is bringing soul food to Harrisburg, ZeroDay Brewing Co. is opening a fourth location at Susquehanna Union Green in Susquehanna Township and Dave's Hot Chicken is eyeing the region. Chick-fil-A will open at a former bank along Union Deposit Road in Susquehanna Township. ht t ps://w w w.p en n l i ve . c om/fo o d/2021/11/p a ndem ic-not-s t oppi n g-new-r e s t au r a nt s-f r om- op en i n g-i n- c ent r a l-p awere-doing-what-our-dream-is.html

, November 16, 2021 Bus driver shortage continues

An industrywide bus driver shortage is impacting Blair County schools as the COVID-19 pandemic presses on. Officials say that shortages are a direct result of the coronavirus, which has put school bus drivers in danger. "As a result, people have decided not to drive because of the exposure risk," said Student Transportation of America Director of Operations Tim Tokarsky. "And people have fallen ill. We've lost some people." Rick Focht, safety director at Fullington Trailways in Duncansville, said his company has also experienced the shortage. Focht added that PennDOT has been sending out letters to commercial drivers regarding the shortage, encouraging them to become school bus drivers. Diego Sandino, press officer for driver and vehicle services at PennDOT, said these outreach efforts have been fruitful so far. About 376,000 letters were sent out to potential drivers in October, and more than 1,500 have expressed interest. According to Sandino, there are currently about 42,000 school bus drivers across the commonwealth, a roughly 4% decrease since 2017. It's the lowest number in Pennsylvania in the last five years. ht t ps://w w w. a lt oona m i r r news/ loc a l-news/2021/11/ bu s- d r iver-shor t age - cont i nues/

, November 3, 2021 State government invests $1.7 million in Sunbury coffee company Fresh Roasted Coffee LLC., a private company founded in 2009, is committed to ethical coffee sourcing. The company monitors the health of their products, the environmental impact of coffee farming, and economic support of Fair Trade farmers in partnership. Fresh Roasted Coffee is also a local asset to Sunbury, especially for economic growth in the region. The state is now investing over $1.7 million in the company's expansion in Northumberland County to increase its production capacity and hire 46 new full-time employees while retaining its 35 full-timers, according to a press release from Governor Wolf's office. The company is renovating and upgrading the recently acquired vacant 84,000-square-foot former Sunbury Textile Mill, which closed in August 2020. The company has committed to investing $5.39 million into the project and vowed to create at least 46 new jobs over the next three years. ht t p s://w w w. nor t hc ent r a lp a . c om/ bu s i ne s s/s t at e - g over n ment-i nve s t s-1-7-m i l l ion-i n- s u nbu r y- c of f e e - c omp a ny/ article_1f72eb8e-3bc0-11ec-a572-e3f55ff ba12a.html

7

BEHIND THE DATA

DEFINITIONS ? SOURCES ? WEB RESOURCES

LOCAL AREA UNEMPLOYMENT STATISTICS (LAUS)

This program measures employment and unemployment by place of residence. The LAUS program does not produce estimates for any demographic groups.

Employment: All persons who (a) did any work as paid employees, self-employed, agricultural workers, or worked 15 hours or more as unpaid family workers, or (b) were not working but who had jobs from which they were temporarily absent. Each employed person is counted only once, even if the person holds more than one job.

Unemployment: All persons aged 16 years and older who had no employment, were available for work, and had made specific efforts to find employment. Includes persons who were waiting to be recalled to jobs from which they had been laid off.

Labor Force: All persons classified as employed or unemployed. Unemployment Rate: The number of unemployed divided by the labor force.

LAUS data is produced by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Labor & Industry

CURRENT POPULATION SURVEY (CPS)

Discouraged Workers: Persons not in the labor force who want and are available for a job and who have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months, but who are not currently looking because they believe there are no jobs available or there are none for which they would qualify. Discouraged workers are not included in the unemployment count.

Duration of Unemployment: The length of time in weeks that an unemployed person has been looking for work.

Labor Force Participation Rate: The labor force divided by the civilian non-institutional population.

Employment to Population Ratio: The proportion of the civilian non-institutional population aged 16 years and over that is employed.

Part-Time for Economic Reasons: Persons who would like to work full time but were working part time because of an economic reason such as decreased working hours or they were unable to find full-time jobs. Long-term Unemployed: Persons who have been unemployed for greater than 26 weeks.

Underemployment Rate (U-6): The number of unemployed plus those people working part time who would like full-time jobs plus those who have dropped out of the labor market entirely and still want a job divided by the labor force plus those who have dropped out of the labor market entirely and still want a job.

CURRENT EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS (CES)

This collaborative effort between the federal Bureau of Labor Statistics and the states produces a count of jobs, not of people.

Nonfarm Jobs: The total number of persons on establishment payrolls employed full or part time. Persons on the payroll of more than one establishment are counted in each establishment. Data exclude proprietors, self-employed, unpaid family or volunteer workers, farm workers, and domestic workers. Persons on layoff, strike, or leave without pay for the entire period, or who have not yet reported for work are not counted as employed. Government employment covers only civilian employees.

Seasonal Adjustment: Removes the change in employment that is due to normal seasonal hiring or layoffs (holidays, weather, etc.) thus leaving an over-the-month change that reflects only employment changes due to trend and irregular movements.

Note - Agricultural employment is excluded due to the relative difficulty of gathering timely employment information in the rural farming sector. Many agricultural workers are exempt from unemployment insurance and many are self-employed. As such, there is not a good source of data to verify the accuracy and reliability of the sample-based survey data.

CES data is produced by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in cooperation

with the Pennsylvania Department of Labor & Industry

UNEMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION (UC)

The Federal-State Unemployment Compensation (UC) Program provides unemployment benefits to eligible workers who are unemployed through no fault of their own and meet other eligibility requirements of State law.

Regular UC: Provides up to 26 weeks of benefits.

Emergency Unemployment Compensation (EUC): A temporary, federally-funded extension of unemployment benefits for those who have exhausted their Regular UC benefits.

Extended Benefits (EB): A temporary extension of unemployment benefits available to individuals who have exhausted their Regular UC benefits and any temporary EUC.

Initial Claims: The count of notices of unemployment requesting a determination of eligibility and entitlement for UC benefits. A person can file multiple claims.

Continued Claims: The number of weeks that claimants are requesting payment of unemployment benefits. These claims include "waiting weeks" which do not receive payment and claims that are subsequently denied benefits.

Individual Payments: The distinct count of individuals who received unemployment compensation benefits.

Exhaustees: The count of individuals who have drawn the maximum entitled amount of benefits.

CWIA-19 REV 12-21

Auxiliary aids and services are available upon request to individuals with disabilities. Equal Opportunity Employer/Program

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