CHILE
PERMANENT COUNCIL OF THE OEA/Ser.G
ORGANIZATION OF AMERICAN STATES CP/CSH-384/01 rev. 1
5 February 2002
COMMITTEE ON HEMISPHERIC SECURITY Original: Spanish/English
INVENTORY OF
CONFIDENCE- AND SECURITY-BUILDING MEASURES
APPLIED BY MEMBERS STATES OF THE
ORGANIZATION OF AMERICAN STATES
[Document prepared by the General Secretariat and the Inter-American Defense Board
in fulfillment of resolution AG/RES. 1744 (XXX-O/00), operative paragraph 8.b]
CONTENTS
Page
| | | |
|EXPLANATORY NOTE |v |
| | |
|I |INTRODUCTION |1 |
| |Appendix 1: List of confidence- and security-building measures |5 |
| |Appendix 2: Summary tables by year |7 |
| |Appendix 3: Summary tables by measure |9 |
| | | |
|II |INFORMATION BY COUNTRY |15 |
| |1. Argentina - 2000 Report CP/CSH-237/99 add. 2 |17 |
| | - 2001 Report presented to the IADB |18 |
| | | |
| |2. Brazil - 2001 Report presented to the IADB |29 |
| | - 2001 Report CP/CSH-390/01 add. 2 |37 |
| | - 2001 Report CP/CSH-408/01 add. 1 |38 |
| | | |
| |3. Canada - 2000 Report CP/CSH-286/00 add. 1 |39 |
| | - 2001 Report CP/CSH-383/01 add. 2 |42 |
| | - 2001 Report CP/CSH-408/01 add. 2 |45 |
| | - 2001 Report CP/CSH-390/01 add. 4 |46 |
| | | |
| |4. Chile - 2000 Report CP/CSH-237/99 add. 3 |47 |
| | - 2000 Report CP/CSH-315/00 |48 |
| | - 2001 Report CP/CSH-390/01 |49 |
| | | |
| |5. El Salvador - 2000 Report CP/CSH-316/00 |51 |
| | - 2001 Report presented the IADB |52 |
| | - 2001 Report CP/CSH-390/01 add. 3 |55 |
| | | |
| |6. United States - 2000 Report CP/CSH-286/00 add. 2 |57 |
| | - 2000 Report CP/CSH-315/00 add. 1 |70 |
| | - 2000 Report CP/CSH-237/99 add. 4 |71 |
| | - 2001 Report presented to the IADB |72 |
| | - 2001 Report CP/CSH-383/01 add. 7 |78 |
| | | |
| |7. Guatemala - 2001 Report presented to the IADB |89 |
| | | |
| |8. Guyana - 2000 Report presented to the IADB |95 |
| | | |
| |9. Honduras - 2001 Report presented to the IADB |97 |
| | | |
| |10. Mexico - 2000 Report CP/CSH-237/99 add. 5 |103 |
| |- 2000 Report CP/CSH-327/00 |104 |
| |- 2001 Report CP/CSH-390/01 add. 1 |107 |
| |- 2001 Report CP/CSH-408/01 |108 |
| |- 2001 Report CP/CSH-383/01 add. 4 | |
| | | |
| |11. Nicaragua - 2001 Report presented to the IADB |109 |
| | | |
| |12. Peru - 2001 Report CP/CSH-383/01 add. 6 |119 |
| | | |
| |13. Dominican Republic - 2001 Report CP/CSH-408/01 add. 3 |121 |
| | | |
| |14. Trinidad and Tobago- 2000 Report CP/CSH-286/00 |123 |
EXPLANATORY NOTE
This inventory is a revision of the document submitted in fulfillment of resolution AG/RES. 1623 (XXIX-O/99), which was published as CP/CSH-384/01 on April 26, 2001.
The General Secretariat is submitting this revised version since the inventory was presented to the Committee on Hemispheric Security before April 15, 2001, which is the date set by the General Assembly as the deadline for the States to submit their reports on the confidence- and security-building measures they have implemented.
All the information in this inventory has been updated and amended in accordance with the reports that were received and incorporated.
I. INTRODUCTION
Background
With the adoption of the Santiago Commitment to Democracy and the Renewal of the Inter-American System in Santiago, Chile in 1991, the member states of the Organization began a process of joint reflection on hemispheric security in the light of new realities in the world and the region. As a result, in 1992 the General Assembly adopted resolution AG/RES. 1179 (XXII-O/92), “Cooperation for Security and Development in the Hemisphere,” in which it decided on several guidelines and commitments to guide the future work of the Organization on this matter.
In 1993, the General Assembly convened a meeting of experts on confidence- and security-building measures in the region [AG/RES. 1237 (XXIII-O/93)], which was held in Buenos Aires in 1994 – a major step forward in reaching agreements on the topic.
At the First Summit of the Americas, held in Miami in December 1994, the heads of state and government of the Hemisphere pledged to support “actions to encourage a regional dialogue to promote the strengthening of mutual confidence, preparing the way for a regional conference on confidence- and security-building measures in 1995.”
Accordingly, the OAS member states held the Regional Conference on Confidence- and Security-Building Measures in Santiago, Chile in November 1995. The Declaration of Santiago on Confidence- and Security-Building Measures, adopted at that conference, contains eleven measures to foster confidence and security through dialogue, communication, and transparency in matters related to defense and security. Those measures are attached as Appendix 1 to this document.
Through resolutions AG/RES. 1412 of 1996 and AG/RES. 1495 of 1997, the General Assembly convened a regional conference to follow up on the Santiago conference. Thus, the Second Regional Conference on Confidence- and Security-Building Measures was held, in follow-up to the Santiago Conference, in February 1998 in San Salvador. At that Conference, member states agreed on nine additional measures, which are also found in Appendix 1 to this document.
The confidence- and security-building measures (CSBMs) do more than benefit the states directly involved in their adoption and implementation. Awareness of them on the part of other states helps to build trust at the regional level and facilitates their adaptation and possible implementation. The Declaration of Santiago states:
“In view of the importance of knowing about other measures being applied or that might be adopted, the representatives agree to provide periodically to the OAS Committee on Hemispheric Security information on the application of confidence- and security-building measures so as to facilitate preparation of the complete and systematic inventory of these measures, as instructed by the OAS General Assembly.”
Reaffirming this commitment, General Assembly resolutions AG/RES. 1409 (XXVI-O/96), AG/RES. 1494 (XXVII-O/97), AG/RES. 1566 (XXVIII-O/98), and AG/RES. 1623 (XXIX-O/99) call on member states to provide information on the application of confidence- and security-building measures, so as to facilitate the preparation of the complete and systematic inventory of these measures. The OAS General Assembly, through operative paragraph 3 of resolution AG/RES. 1623 (XXIX-O/99), requested that the Secretary General, “maintain and facilitate access to the comprehensive inventory of confidence- and security-building measures which the member states have submitted.” In compliance with these mandates, on March 8, 2000 the General Secretariat presented the first complete, comprehensive inventory of information gathered from 1996 through December 1999 (document CP/CSH-275/00).
The General Assembly requested that the Inter-American Defense Board (IADB) keep an updated inventory of confidence- and security-building measures of a military nature, through resolutions AG/RES. 1494 (XXVII-O/97), AG/RES. 1566 (XXVIII-O/98), and AG/RES. 1623 (XXIX-O/99).
To prevent the duplication of efforts and avoid having two separate inventories, one by the OAS and another by the IADB, the General Assembly, at its thirtieth regular session, instructed the General Secretariat to:
“Coordinate with the Inter-American Defense Board in the preparation of a complete and updated inventory of confidence- and security-building measures based on reports presented by member states pursuant to resolution AG/RES. 1623 (XXIX-O/99).”
The following inventory is presented in compliance with that mandate and, as such, is a compilation of the information presented by member states to the General Secretariat and to the Inter-American Defense Board (IADB). The inventory includes the reports received since the last inventory was published through August 2001.
Like the previous inventory, this document compiles the information presented by member states on the application of confidence- and security-building measures from three categories of documents:
a. Reports on confidence- and security-building measures, whether political or military, adopted by each state in relation to other states;
b. Presentations to the Secretary General of information submitted to the United Nations by member states participating in the UN’s Register of Conventional Arms and its Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures; and
c. The defense and security policy documents circulated by the states through the Committee on Hemispheric Security in keeping with the Santiago and San Salvador measures calling for the compilation and exchange of data on the defense policies and doctrines of each country, as well as the organization, structure, size, and composition of the armed forces.
Methodology
Although in the inventory the title of each measure in terms of category, according to the following pattern: Measures are enumerated in the order in which they are listed in each of the declarations. To prevent confusion between two measures that share the same number but were established at different regional conferences, those arising in Santiago are labeled “Ch,” and those arising in San Salvador are labeled “S” (See Appendix 1, the list of measures).
The reports are grouped by country, and the country sections are in Spanish alphabetical order. When a country has presented multiple reports, these are listed chronologically. This inventory does not include the entire text of all notes and documents appended by the states. It mentions only the specific activity carried out. Copies of all the reports in their entirety are available to all member states at the Committee Secretariat. The reports are identified by classification number so that interested member states may consult them more easily. Reports submitted to the Board can be consulted by member states at the IADB or the Committee Secretariat, even if they do not have an OAS classification number.
The information has been provided by the states in a variety of formats, with varying degrees of detail. Where the information presented was categorized according to the Santiago and San Salvador measures, naturally that categorization has been followed. When such a category was not indicated, the Secretariat took the liberty of organizing the information in an effort to maintain consistency within the inventory.
Analysis
a. Number of participants
This report incorporates information from 14 countries that submitted reports on CSBMs to the Inter-American Defense Board and the General Secretariat between July 11, 2000, and August 15, 2001.
Of these 14 countries, Nicaragua, the Dominican Republic, and Trinidad and Tobago have submitted reports for the first time. This total is similar to the results received in 1998 and 1999 (15 and 16 countries, respectively). We can thus conclude that the number of countries reporting CSBMs is plateauing at around 50% of the total member states.
b. Measures most often applied
Information compiled to date shows that of the 14 states that have reported the adoption of measures, ten report that they have applied measure 9 from the Declaration of Santiago on holding seminars, courses, and studies on CSBMs.
Ten states reported the application of measures 3 and 5 from the Declaration of Santiago on promotion of the development and exchange of information concerning defense policies and doctrines (3 Ch.) and agreements on invitation of observers to military exercises, visits to military installations, arrangements for observing routine operations and exchange of civilian and military personnel for regular and advanced training (5-Ch.). Eight states reported on the application of measures 2 and 8 of the Declaration of Santiago on: participation in the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures (2-Ch.), and development and establishment of communications among civilian or military authorities of neighboring countries in accordance with their border situation (8-Ch.).
Seven states or less reported applying the remaining measures in both Declarations.
In general, there is a trend towards most often applying the same measures as in previous years, i.e. measures 2, 3, 5, 7, and 8 of the Declaration of Santiago.
Final considerations
Certain indications can be drawn from the foregoing to facilitate the preparation of future reports. The first is related to the deadline for transmitting information set in the General Assembly resolutions–April 15 of each year. That date has been found to be quite inopportune for the states to report on the CSBMs they implemented throughout the previous year and for the Committee on Hemispheric Security to complete its work and report thereon to the General Assembly, which meets in early June of each year. In light of this, it would be advisable for the member states to explore the possibility of pushing the deadline back several months so that all applicable measures from the previous year can be incorporated into a single report.
More standardized reporting of the measures and their categorization by the reporting countries produce a more organized inventory that more accurately reflects the intention and objectives behind their application. Use of a computerized system could be a valuable instrument to that end.
For the purpose of analysis, if deemed pertinent, the countries could contribute some analysis, when reporting on the measures, particularly regarding the generational progress they consider significant and the importance of certain measures in helping to prevent conflicts and enhancing cooperation on security and defense.
Appendix 1
List of Confidence- and security-building measures
1-Ch. Gradual adoption of agreements regarding advance notice of military exercises.
2-Ch. Exchange of information and participation of all member states in the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures.
3-Ch. Promotion of the development and exchange of information concerning defense policies and doctrines.
4-Ch. Consideration of a consultation process with a view to proceeding towards limitation and control of conventional weapons.
5-Ch. Agreements on invitation of observers to military exercises, visits to military installations, arrangements for observing routine operations and exchange of civilian and military personnel for regular and advanced training.
6-Ch. Meetings and activities to prevent incidents and increase security for transport by land, sea, and air.
7-Ch. Cooperation programs in the event of natural disasters or to prevent such disasters, based on the request and authorization of the affected states.
8-Ch. Development and establishment of communications among civilian or military authorities of neighboring countries in accordance with their border situation.
9-Ch. Holding of seminars and courses, and studies on mutual confidence- and security-building measures and policies to promote confidence involving the participation of civilians and military personnel, and on the special security concerns of small island states.
10-Ch. A high-level meeting on the special security concerns of small island states.
11-Ch. Programs of education for peace.
DECLARATION OF SAN SALVADOR
1-S. Encourage contact and cooperation among legislators on confidence-building measures and on matters of peace and hemispheric security, including conferences, the exchange of visits, and a meeting of parliamentarians, in order to strengthen this process.
2-S. Extend to diplomatic training institutes, military academies, research centers, and universities the seminars, courses, and studies envisioned in the Declarations of Santiago and San Salvador on confidence- and security-building measures, disarmament, and other issues related to peace and hemispheric security, with participation in those activities by government, civilian, and military officials and by civil society.
3-S. Identify and carry out activities promoting cooperation among neighboring countries along their border regions.
4-S. Promote the exchange of information, inter alia, through the publication of books on defense or official documents, as appropriate, permitting greater transparency with respect to the defense policies of each country, and on the organization, structure, size, and composition of the armed forces.
5-S. In order to promote transparency, and with technical support from the appropriate international economic agencies, encourage the carrying out of studies for establishing a common methodology in order to facilitate the comparison of military expenditures in the region, taking into account, inter alia, the United Nations Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures.
6-S. Develop a cooperation program to address the concerns raised by maritime transport of nuclear and other waste, and to cooperate and coordinate in the relevant international fora to strengthen standards governing such transport and its safety.
7-S. Continue supporting the efforts of the small island states to address their special security concerns, including those of an economic, financial, and environmental nature, taking into consideration their vulnerability and level of development.
8-S. Improve and broaden the information submitted by the member states to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, so as to enhance the Hemisphere's contribution to pursuing the aims of that register, in compliance with the relevant resolutions of the UN General Assembly.
9-S. Continue consultations and the exchange of ideas within the Hemisphere to advance the limitation and control of conventional weapons in the region.
Appendix 2
SUMMARY TABLES BY YEAR
2000
|Argentina |CP/CSH-237/99 |July 11, 2000 |
|Canada |CP/CSH-286/00 add. 1 |July 11, 2000 |
|Chile |CP/CSH-237/99 add. 3 |July 11, 2000 |
| |CP/CSH-315/00 |July 11, 2000 |
|El Salvador |CP/CSH-316/00 |July 11, 2000 |
|United States |CP/CSH-286/00 add. 2 |July 11, 2000 |
| |CP/CSH-315/00 add. 1 |July 31, 2000 |
| |CP/CSH-237/99 add. 4 |November 14, 2000 |
|Guyana |Report presented to the IADB | |
|Mexico |CP/CSH-237/99 add. 5 |November 14, 2000 |
| |CP/CSH-327/00 |November 14, 2000 |
|Trinidad and Tobago |CP/CSH-286/00 |April 13, 2000 |
2001
|Argentina |Report presented to the IADB |January 4, 2001 |
|Brazil |Report presented to the IADB |March 26, 2001 |
| |CP/CSH-390/01 add. 2 |June 18, 2001 |
| |CP/CSH-408/01 add. 1 |June 18, 2001 |
|Canada |CP/CSH-383/01 add. 2 |June 7, 2001 |
| |CP/CSH-408/01 add. 2 |August 9, 2001 |
| |CP/CSH-390/01 add. 4 |August 9, 2001 |
|Chile |CP/CSH-390/01 |June 7, 2001 |
|El Salvador |Report presented to the IADB |March 30, 2001 |
| |CP/CSH-390/01 add. 3 |August 9, 2001 |
|United States |Report presented to the IADB |March 15, 2001 |
| |CP/CSH-383/01 add. 7 |August 14, 2001 |
|Guatemala |Report presented to the IADB |April 2, 2001 |
|Honduras |Report presented to the IADB |April 13, 2001 |
|Mexico |CP/CSH-390/01 add.1 |June 7, 2001 |
| |CP/CSH-408/01 |June 7, 2001 |
| |CP/CSH-383/01 add. 4 |June 7, 2001 |
|Nicaragua |Report presented to the IADB |April 6, 2001 |
|Peru |CP/CSH-383/01 add. 6 |June 7, 2001 |
|Dominican Republic |CP/CSH-408/01 add. 3 |August 9, 2001 |
Appendix 3
SUMMARY TABLES BY MEASURE
|MEASURES |MEMBER STATES THAT APPLIED THE MEASURE |TOTAL MEMBER STATES |
|1995 DECLARATION OF SANTIAGO | | |
|Gradual adoption of agreements regarding advance notice of military exercises |El Salvador |(Report presented to the IADB) |4 |
| |United States |(CP/CSH-286/00 add. 2 | |
| | |CP/CSH-383/01 add.7) | |
| |Mexico |(CP/CSH-327/00 | |
| | |CP/CSH-383/01 add. 4) | |
| |Trinidad and Tobago |(CP/CSH-286/00) | |
|Exchange of information and participation of all member states in the United |Argentina |(CP/CSH-237/99 add. 2) |8 |
|Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the Standardized International |Brazil |(Report presented to the IADB | |
|Reporting of Military Expenditures | |CP/CSH-390/01 add. 2 | |
| | |CP/CSH-408/01 add. 1) | |
| |Canada |(CP/CSH-408/01 add. 2 | |
| | |CP/CSH-390/01 add. 4) | |
| |Chile |(CP/CSH-237/99 add. 3; | |
| | |CP/CSH-315/00) | |
| |El Salvador |(CP/CSH-316/00 | |
| | |CP/CSH-390/01 add. 3) | |
| |United States |(CP/CSH-315/00 add. 1; | |
| | |CP/CSH-237/99 add. 4 | |
| | |CP/CSH-383/01 add. 7) | |
| |Mexico |(CP/CSH-237/99 add. 5 | |
| | |CP/CSH-390/01 add. 1 | |
| | |CP/CSH-408/01) | |
| |Dominican Republic |CP/CSH-408/01 add. 3 | |
|Promotion of the development and exchange of information concerning defense |Argentina |(Report presented to the IADB) |10 |
|policies and doctrines |Canada |(CP/CSH-286/99 add. 1 | |
| | |CP/CSH-383/01 add. 2) | |
| |Brazil |(Report presented to the IADB) | |
| |El Salvador |(Report presented to the IADB) | |
| |United States |(CP/CSH-286/00 add. 2; | |
| | |Report presented to the IADB | |
| | |CP/CSH-383/01 add. 7) | |
| |Honduras |(Report presented to the IADB) | |
| |Mexico |(CP/CSH-327/00) | |
| | |CP/CSH-383/01 add. 4) | |
| |Nicaragua |(Report presented to the IADB) | |
| |Peru |(CP/CSH-383/01 add. 6) | |
| |Trinidad and Tobago |(CP/CSH-286/00) | |
|Consideration of a consultation process with a view to proceeding towards |Brazil |(Report presented to the IADB) |5 |
|limitation and control of conventional weapons |United States |(CP/CSH-286/00 add. 2) | |
| |Honduras |(Report presented to the IADB) | |
| |Mexico |(CP/CSH-327/00 | |
| | |CP/CSH-383/01 add. 4) | |
| |Trinidad and Tobago |(CP/CSH-286/00) | |
|Agreements on invitation of observers to military exercises, visits to |Argentina |(Report presented to the IADB) |10 |
|military installations, arrangements for observing routine operations and |Brazil |(Report presented to the IADB) | |
|exchange of civilian and military personnel for regular and advanced training |Canada |(CP/CSH-286/99 add. 1) | |
| |El Salvador |(Report presented to the IADB) | |
| |United States |(CP/CSH-286/00 add. 2; | |
| | |Report presented to the IADB | |
| |Guatemala |CP/CSH-383/01 add. 7) | |
| |Honduras |(Report presented to the IADB) | |
| |Nicaragua |(Report presented to the IADB) | |
| |Peru |(CP/CSH-383/01 add. 6) | |
| |Trinidad and Tobago |(CP/CSH-286/00) | |
|Meetings and activities to prevent incidents and increase security for |Brazil |(Report presented to the IADB) |6 |
|transport by land, sea, and air |Canada |CP/CSH-383/01 add. 2) | |
| |United States |(CP/CSH-286/00 add. 2 | |
| | |Report presented to the IADB) | |
| |Honduras |(Report presented to the IADB) | |
| |Peru |(CP/CSH-383/01 add. 6) | |
| |Trinidad and Tobago |(CP/CSH-286/00) | |
|Cooperation programs in the event of natural disasters or to prevent such |El Salvador |(Report presented to the IADB) |7 |
|disasters, based on the request and authorization of the affected states |United States |(CP/CSH-286/00 add. 2) | |
| | |CP/CSH-383/01 add. 7) | |
| |Guatemala |(Report presented to the IADB) | |
| |Honduras |(Report presented to the IADB) | |
| |Mexico |(CP/CSH-327/00 | |
| | |CP/CSH-383/01 add. 4) | |
| |Nicarauga |(Report presented to the IADB) | |
| |Trinidad and Tobago |(CP/CSH-286/00) | |
|Development and establishment of communications among civilian or military |El Salvador |(Report presented to the IADB) |8 |
|authorities of neighboring countries in accordance with their border situation|United States |(CP/CSH-286/00 add. 2 | |
| | |Report presented to the IADB | |
| | |CP/CSH-383/01 add. 7) | |
| |Guatemala |(Report presented to the IADB) | |
| |Honduras |(Report presented to the IADB) | |
| |Mexico |(CP/CSH-327/00) | |
| |Nicaragua |(Report presented to the IADB) | |
| |Peru |(CP/CSH-383/01 add. 6) | |
| |Trinidad and Tobago |(CP/CSH-286/00) | |
|Holding of seminars and courses, and studies on mutual confidence- and |Brazil |(Report presented to the IADB) |9 |
|security-building measures and policies to promote confidence involving the |Canada |(CP/CSH-286/99 add. 1) | |
|participation of civilians and military personnel, and on the special security|El Salvador |(Report presented to the IADB) | |
|concerns of small island states. |United States |(CP/CSH-286/00 add. 2; | |
| | |(Report presented to the IADB | |
| | |CP/CSH-383/01 add. 7) | |
| |Guatemala |(Report presented to the IADB) | |
| |Guyana |(Report presented to the IADB) | |
| |Honduras |(Report presented to the IADB) | |
| |Mexico |(CP/CSH-327/00) | |
| |Trinidad and Tobago |(CP/CSH-286/00) | |
|A high-level meeting on the special security concerns of small island states. |Canada |(CP/CSH-383/01 add. 2) |4 |
| |United States |(CP/CSH-286/00 add. 2; | |
| | |Report presented to the IADB | |
| | |CP/CSH-383/01 add. 7) | |
| |Mexico |(CP/CSH-327/00 | |
| | |(CP/CSH-383/01 add. 4) | |
| |Trinidad and Tobago |(CP/CSH-286/00) | |
|Programs of education for peace. |Brazil |(Report presented to the IADB) |6 |
| |El Salvador |(Report presented to the IADB) | |
| |United States |(CP/CSH-286/00 add. 2 | |
| | |CP/CSH-383/01 add. 7) | |
| |Honduras |(Report presented to the IADB) | |
| |Nicaragua |(Report presented to the IADB) | |
| |Trinidad and Tobago |(CP/CSH-286/00) | |
|MEASURES |MEMBER STATES THAT APPLIED THE MEASURE |TOTAL MEMBER |
|1998 DECLARATION OF SAN SALVADOR | |STATES |
|Encourage contact and cooperation among legislators on confidence-building measures |United States |(CP/CSH-286/00 add. 2 |2 |
|and on matters of peace and hemispheric security, including conferences, the | |CP/CSH-383/01 add. 7) | |
|exchange of visits, and a meeting of parliamentarians, in order to strengthen this |Trinidad and Tobago |(CP/CSH-286/00) | |
|process. | | | |
|Extend to diplomatic training institutes, military academies, research centers, and |United States |(CP/CSH-286/00 add. 2; |1 |
|universities the seminars, courses, and studies envisioned in the Declarations of | |Report presented to the IADB | |
|Santiago and San Salvador on confidence- and security-building measures, | |CP/CSH-383/01 add. 7) | |
|disarmament, and other issues related to peace and hemispheric security, with | | | |
|participation in those activities by government, civilian, and military officials | | | |
|and by civil society. | | | |
|Identify and carry out activities promoting cooperation among neighboring countries |El Salvador |(Report presented to the IADB) |3 |
|along their border regions. |United States |(CP/CSH-286/00 add. 2; | |
| | |Report presented to the IADB) | |
| | |CP/CSH-383/01 add. 7) | |
| |Honduras |(Report presented to the IADB) | |
|Promote the exchange of information, inter alia, through the publication of books on|El Salvador |(Report presented to the IADB) |2 |
|defense or official documents, as appropriate, permitting greater transparency with |United States |(CP/CSH-286/00 add. 2) | |
|respect to the defense policies of each country, and on the organization, structure,| |(Report presented to the IADB) | |
|size, and composition of the armed forces. | | | |
|In order to promote transparency, and with technical support from the appropriate | | |0 |
|international economic agencies, encourage the carrying out of studies for | | | |
|establishing a common methodology in order to facilitate the comparison of military | | | |
|expenditures in the region, taking into account, inter alia, the United Nations | | | |
|Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures. | | | |
|6. Develop a cooperation program to address the concerns raised by maritime |United States |(CP/CSH-286/00 add. 2) |1 |
|transport of nuclear and other waste, and to cooperate and coordinate in the | |(CP/CSH-383/01 add. 7) | |
|relevant international fora to strengthen standards governing such transport and its| | | |
|safety. | | | |
|Continue supporting the efforts of the small island states to address their special |United States |(CP/CSH-286/00 add. 2; |1 |
|security concerns, including those of an economic, financial, and environmental | |Report presented to the IADB | |
|nature, taking into consideration their vulnerability and level of development. | |CP/CSH-383/01 add.7) | |
|Improve and broaden the information submitted by the member states to the United |United States |(CP/CSH-286/00 add. 2 |1 |
|Nations Register of Conventional Arms, so as to enhance the Hemisphere's | |CP/CSH-383/01 add.7) | |
|contribution to pursuing the aims of that register, in compliance with the relevant | | | |
|resolutions of the UN General Assembly. | | | |
|Continue consultations and the exchange of ideas within the Hemisphere to advance |United States |(CP/CSH-286/00 add. 2 |1 |
|the limitation and control of conventional weapons in the region. | |CP/CSH-383/01 add.7) | |
II. INFORMATION BY COUNTRY
ARGENTINA
Argentina has presented the following report to the OAS, as well as a report to the IADB for inclusion in the inventory of confidence- and security-building measures applied by member states of the OAS.
CP/CSH-237/99 add. 2 July 11, 2000
Report of the IADB[1]/ January 4, 2001
REPORT
CP/CSH-237/99 add. 2
July 11, 2000
2-Ch. Exchange of information and participation of all member states in the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures.
- Argentina transmitted a copy of the 1999 United Nations Register of Conventional Arms.
ARGENTINA
January 4, 2001
REPORT PRESENTED TO THE IADB[2]/
3-Ch. Promotion of the development and exchange of information concerning defense policies and doctrines.
- Bilateral Staff Conferences of the Joint Chiefs of Staff:
• IV Meeting of consultation among the Joint Chiefs of Staff of Argentina (EMCFAA), the National Defense Staff (EMDN), and the high commands of the armed forces of Argentina and Chile, held in Chile, June 12-15, 2000. Held annually, alternating host country.
• III Meeting of consultation between the Joint Chiefs of Staff of the Argentine Republic and the Defense Staff of the Federative Republic of Brazil, held in Brazil, September 25-27, 2000. Held annually, alternating host country.
• II Meeting of consultation between the Joint Chiefs of Staff of the Argentine Republic and the CDO J FFAA of the Republic of Bolivia, held in Bolivia, November 14-15, 2000. Held annually, alternating host country.
• XIII Round on security between the Joint Chiefs of Staff of Argentina (DIPE) and the U.S. JCS-J5, held in the United States, August 2-4, 2000. Held annually, alternating host country.
• VI Meeting of the Arg.-U.S. bilateral working group (BWG) in the United States, August 23-25, 2000.
- Bilateral Staff Conferences of the Joint Chiefs of Staff:
• Bilateral meeting between the Chief of the Intelligence Secretariat and Intelligence Chief II of the Air Force General Staff (EMGFA), with Brazil, May 28-June 1, in Argentina.
• Bilateral meeting between Intelligence Chief II of the Air Force General Staff and the Chief of the Intelligence Secretariat, Nov. 7-9, in Brazil.
• Coordination meeting of Staff on bilateral activities with Brazil, Nov. 27-29, in Brazil.
• VII Round of talks with Chile, June 6-8, in Argentina.
• Bilateral intelligence conferences with Chile, Nov. 27-Dec. 1, in Chile.
• VII Round of talks between the armed forces of Argentina and Chile, Nov. 27-29, in Chile.
• Coordination meeting of Staff on bilateral activities with Peru, Oct. 23-25, in Peru.
- Bilateral Conferences of Argentine Navy Staff:
• Staff meeting with: Brazil (Aug. 27-30 in Brazil); Bolivia (Sept. 5-8 in Argentina); Chile (May 31-June 2 in Argentina); Paraguay (Sept. 26-27 in Paraguay); Uruguay (June 13-16 in Uruguay).
• Meeting of the Working Committee with Peru (Oct. 16-20 in Argentina).
- Bilateral Conferences of Argentine Army Staff:
• Bilateral Staff Conference with Brazil, June 24-30, in Brazil.
5-Ch. Agreements on invitation of observers to military exercises, visits to military installations, arrangements for observing routine operations and exchange of civilian and military personnel for regular and advanced training.
- The Argentine Air Force conducted bilateral exercises:
• “ANDES II” combined air force exercises with Chile, Nov. 6-10, 2000, in Argentina.
• Search and rescue training exercise “SAR 2000” with the U.S., Aug. 22-24, in Argentina.
• Air-to-air firing exercise with Uruguay, Nov. 16-24, 2000, in Argentina.
- The Argentine Navy conducted multilateral combined exercises:
• Trilateral War Games (TWG 2000) with Brazil, Canada, and the U.S., April 10-14 (crisis management war games).
• Operation UNITAS XLI – Atlantic Phase, with Brazil, the U.S., France, and Uruguay, Sept. 24-Oct. 20 (Aguas azules naval operation, with observers from several countries in the Americas and Europe).
• Transoceanic exercise XV with Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, the U.S., Paraguay, Peru, South Africa, and Venezuela, Aug. 7-18, in Argentina (multilateral communications board exercise on maritime traffic control).
• COAMAS 2000 exercise, with Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay, Oct. 23-Nov. 3 in Uruguay, (Annual maritime transit control board exercise).
• Inter-American War Games (IAWG) in the U.S., Nov. 6-10 (crisis management war games among naval war schools in the Americas).
- The Argentine Army conducted multilateral combined exercises:
• “Cabañas” exercise with Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Venezuela, Chile, Colombia, Paraguay, Uruguay, and the U.S., Aug. 6-Sept. 20 (peacekeeping operation (PKO)-planning and execution). Units; 1,000 troops in Argentina.
• United Forces Exercise with Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Venezuela, Paraguay, Uruguay, Ecuador, the U.S., and Chile, June 26-30 (PKO-officer seminar); 12 officers participated in Chile.
• Exercise Southern Cross, with Brazil, Uruguay, and Paraguay, Sept. 25-28 (PKO-war games; 260 troops in Brazil).
- The Argentine Army conducted bilateral exercises:
• “Lt. Col. Juana Azurduy” exercise with Bolivia, Oct. 23-27 (community support and planning; 44 troops in Argentina).
• “Ceibo” exercise with Uruguay, July 2-8 (PKO; planning; 40 troops in Argentina).
- The Argentine Navy conducted bilateral exercises:
• Strategic Operational War Games with Brazil, Aug. 7-9, in Argentina.
• Fraterno XX exercise with Brazil, Oct. 24- Nov. 1 in Argentina.
• Strategic Operational and Logistics War Games with Bolivia, May 29-June 2, in Argentina. Two (2) senior officials from the Bolivian Navy participated.
• Strategic Operational War Games with Chile, April 26-28, in Chile.
• Combined Naval Antarctic Patrol with Chile, Nov. 15, 1999-March 1, 2000 (Antarctic Treaty Area; purpose: maritime search, rescue, and salvage activities).
• VIEKAREN III exercise with Chile, Aug. 15-30 (maritime search, rescue, and salvage activities and exercises).
• Integration II exercise with Chile, Sept. 3-4, in Argentine waters.
• River operation IV with the U.S., July 30-Aug. 13 (coastal operation between IMARA and the US Marine Corps).
• Strategic Operational War Games with Uruguay, May 8-12, in Uruguay.
• JUPITER VIII combined exercise with Uruguay, July 18-21 (maritime SAR exercise in waters on the marine front).
• Operation SARSUB III with Uruguay, Nov. 17-27 (combined SAR exercise in Argentine waters).
• Observers in the Río Revuelto operation with Uruguay, Oct. 21-27 in Uruguay (coastal operation).
- Exchange of personnel in Joint Chiefs of Staff training and other professional and sporting activities:
• Participation of foreign officers and non-commissioned officers (NCOs) in the Argentine task force on the UN peacekeeping force in Cyprus (UNFICYP); ongoing since January 1, 2000. Participating were two (2) Bolivian Army officers; 1 officer and 1 NCO from the Brazilian Army; 1 Chilean Navy officer; 1 officer and 1 NCO from the Paraguayan Army; 1 and officer and 1 petty officer from the Uruguayan Navy.
• Participation by foreign officers in the Kuwait engineering company in the United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission (UNIKOM); ongoing since January 1, 2000; 1 officer from the Bolivian Army and 1 officer from the Salvadoran Army participated.
• Participation in the IV Defense Ministerial of the Americas in Manaos, Brazil, Oct. 17-19, 2000.
• Reciprocal procurement and service agreement between the US Department of State and the Argentine Ministry of Defense, as of January 15 and in effect for 10.
- Exchange of personnel in Argentine Air Force training and other professional and sporting activities:
• Officer training course with Bolivia from 1996 to 2001; 1 cadet in Argentina.
• Military pilot course with Bolivia, Feb. 1-Dec. 1; 2 junior officers in Argentina.
• Radar mechanics course with Bolivia, Jan. 1-Dec. 1; 1 NCO in Argentina.
• Staff course with Bolivia, Feb. 1-Dec. 1; 1 commander in Argentina.
• Air War School Advisor traveled to Bolivia, Jan. 1999-Jan. 2001.
• Academic advisor and pilot at the military aviation college and air group 32 traveled to Bolivia, Jan. 2000-Dec. 2001.
• Brazilian flight school cadets visited the Argentine military aviation school, Sept. 25-30; 1 officer and 5 cadets.
• Visit by the school of aeronautics specialists of Brazil to the Argentine Air Force NCO School, July 30-Aug. 4.
• Staff course with Brazil, Feb. 3-Dec. 1; 1 commander in Argentina.
• Brazil participated in an aerospace policy and strategy course in Argentina, Sept. 13-15.
• Exchange of Tucano (T-27) flight instructors; 1 junior officer from Brazil was in Argentina from Nov. 19-25, and 1 Argentine junior officer went to Brazil from Oct. 21-29.
• Tucano (T-27) flight simulator, Nov. 13-18 and Nov. 19-24; 23 Argentine commanding and junior officers went to Brazil.
• Staff course; 1 commander was in Brazil, Feb. 7-15.
• Participation by 2 observers from Canada in combined exercises among “Andes II” air forces, in Argentina, Nov. 5-11.
• Exchange of aircrews; 2 Chilean junior officers were in Argentina from Oct. 1 to 10; and 2 Chilean junior officers were in Argentina from Nov. 12 to 20.
• Visit by the Chief of the II Air Brigade of the Chilean Air Force to the I Air Brigade of the Argentine Air Force, Sept. 26-29.
• Exchange of experience in aerospace medicine with Chile, Nov. 16-17, in Argentina.
• Exchange of aircrews with Chile; 2 Argentine junior officers visited Chile from Nov. 6 to 15, and 2 Argentine junior officers were in Chile from Oct. 30 to Nov. 5.
• Visit by the Chief of the VI Argentine Air Force Brigade to the V Chilean Air Force Brigade, July 14-17.
• Mirage V flight simulator; 6 Colombian pilots were in Argentina from May 29 to 31, and 2 Colombian pilots visited Argentina from Sept. 25 to 29.
• Colombia participated in a basic course on aviation medicine, May 8-July 7, in Argentina.
• A U.S. advisor was at the Argentine military aviation school from Jan. 1997 to Jan. 2000.
• A U.S. advisor and combat flight instructor was in Argentina from April 1999 to April 2001.
• 1 U.S. commanding officer participated in a command and staff course in Argentina from Feb.-Dec. 2000.
• 1 Argentine commanding officer participated in the U.S. Air War College (AWC), Feb. 15, 2000-Jan. 10, 2001.
• 1 Argentine commanding officer participated in a course at the U.S. Air War College (AWC) from Feb. 2000 to 2002.
• 2 Argentine commanding officers participated in a course at the U.S. Air Command and Staff College (ACSC) from Feb. 1999 to Oct. 2000 and March 2000 to Sept. 2001, respectively.
• 2 Argentine commanding officers participated in a logistics administration course (AFIT) in the U.S., from Nov. 10, 1997 to June 10, 2000 and Feb. 2000 to July 2002.
• 2 Argentine commanding officers served as advisors at the U.S. Air Force Academy (USAFA), from July 1998 to August 2000 and from June 2000 to August 2002, respectively.
• 2 Argentine junior officers participated as T-38 flight instructors in the U.S., from March 1998 to April 2000 and from March 2000 to April 2002, respectively.
• 1 Argentine commanding officer participated in a defense course (C-17) at the National Defense University in the U.S. from June 1999 to Aug. 2000.
• Exchange of fighter pilots (M-III/M-V/A4) with Peru; 2 junior officers were in Argentina, Nov. 6-12.
• Exchange of helicopter crews with Peru; 1 junior officer was in Argentina, Nov. 6-15.
• Exchange of flight instructors (T-27) with Peru, Oct. 23-Nov. 1 in Argentina.
• Advisor at the National War College; 1 commanding officer from Peru was in Argentina, Feb. 2000-Feb. 2001.
• 1 junior officer from Peru participated in a Staff Course in Argentina from Feb. 2000 to Dec. 2000.
• Analysis of satellite image use with Peru; 2 junior officers were in Argentina, Oct. 2-Nov. 10.
• 1 junior officer from Peru participated in a seminar on aeronautical operational meteorology in Argentina, Sept. 18-29.
• 1 junior officer from Peru participated in a course on airport administration in Argentina, Sept. 11-Nov. 23.
• 1 commanding officer from Peru participated in a basic course for air intelligence officers in Argentina, Feb. 28-Nov. 28.
• 2 commanding officers from Peru participated in an operational air intelligence course in Argentina, Sept. 4-Dec. 1.
• 1 NCO from Peru participated in an air intelligence auxiliary course in Argentina, Feb. 28-Nov. 28.
• 1 commanding officer from Peru participated in an official electronic warfare course in Argentina, March 20-June 2.
• 1 commanding and 1 junior officer from Peru participated in a course for airborne emissions intelligence systems operators in Argentina, June 2-30.
• 1 commanding officer from Peru participated in an aerospace and space medicine course in Argentina in Oct. 2000.
• 2 commanding officers from Peru participated in a familiarization visit on the pilot evaluation system in Argentina from Oct. 17, 2000 to Oct. 2002.
• Exchange of fighter pilots (SU-25) with Peru; 2 junior officers were in Peru, Nov. 6-13.
• Exchange of helicopter pilots (BELL-212) with Peru; 1 junior officer was in Peru, Nov. 6-16.
• Exchange of flight instructors (T-27) with Peru; 1 junior officer was in Peru, Oct. 23-31.
• 1 Argentine commanding officer was in Peru – Advisor at the Air War College from 1999 to 2000.
• 1 commanding officer from Argentina participated in the Staff Course in Peru in 2000.
• Officer school cultural exchange with Uruguay; 2 officers and 23 cadets were in Argentina, Oct. 26-30.
• 1 junior NCO from Uruguay participated in a technical photo laboratory course in Argentina, Sept. 4-15.
• 5 NCOs and 3 junior officers from Uruguay participated in the VYCA technical operations course/Surveillance and Control Course/Radar Mechanics Course in Argentina, March 1-Dec. 1.
• 1 commanding officer from Venezuela participated in a basic air intelligence officer course in Argentina, Feb. 28-Nov. 30.
• 1 NCO from Venezuela participated in an auxiliary basic air intelligence course in Argentina, Feb. 28-Nov. 30.
• 1 NCO from Venezuela participated in a course on the analysis and use of satellite images in Argentina, Oct. 2-Nov. 10.
• 1 commanding officer from Venezuela participated in a seminar on mine demolition in the Americas, in Argentina, Nov. 6-9.
• 1 commanding officer from Argentina participated in a symposium on special operations in Venezuela, April 10-15.
• Participation by 2 Venezuelan observers in combined air force exercises, “ANDES II” exercise in Argentina, Nov. 6-9.
- Exchange of personnel in Argentine Navy training and other professional and sporting activities:
• Embarkation on the Training Ship Brazil; 1 Argentine midshipman was in Brazil in 2000.
• Embarkation on A.R.A. Frigate “Libertad” Training Ship in Argentina: 1 midshipman from Brazil, July 2000-Nov. 2000; 1 midshipman from Bolivia, July 2000-Nov. 2000; 1 midshipman from Chile, July 2000-Nov. 2000; 1 midshipman from Paraguay, July 2000-Nov. 2000; 1 midshipman from Peru, July 2000-Nov. 2000; and 1 midshipman from Uruguay, July 2000-Nov. 2000.
• 1 commanding officer participated in the Command and Staff Course (NAVAL E IM) in Argentina in 2000 (and reciprocally in Brazil).
• Maritime transit control officer course (April 3-14; reciprocally in Brazil from Sept. 18-28).
• 2 Brazilian commanding officers participated in the Command and Staff Course in Argentina in 2000.
• Naval parade – 500th anniversary of Brazil, April 27-30.
• Exchange of journals and publications of interest to the military with Brazil in 2000 (exchange of journals with the National War College).
• Technical, scientific, and logistical cooperation on matters of common interest, with Brazil and Bolivia in 2000 (maintenance of ARA and MB materials in the naval workshops of their counterparts).
• Refresher meeting on the program to train MB pilots with Brazil (Nov. 21-23 in Argentina).
• 1 commanding officer from Bolivia participated in the Command and Staff Course in 2000 in Argentina.
• Embarkation of 1 officer from the Bolivian Navy during the 1999/2000 Antarctic Campaign, Nov. 1999-March 2000.
• 1 officer from the Bolivian Navy participated in the machine and propulsion course, March-Dec. 2000 in Argentina.
• 1 Bolivian cadet participated in the Naval military college cadets course in Argentina, Feb.-Dec. 2000.
• 1 officer and 1 junior officer from the Argentine Navy participated in the XXII course on riparian operations and river traffic control in Bolivia, May 22-Aug. 11.
• 2 officers and 2 junior officers from the Bolivian Navy participated as observers in specific Argentine Navy (ARA) exercises, July 31-Aug. 13 (ARA river exercise).
• 1 officer from the Bolivian Navy participated as an observer in specific Argentine Navy exercises, May 22-27 (sea phase of the sea fleet command).
• Revision of curricula by the Argentine Naval Mission in Bolivia in 2000.
• Exchange of reference materials of interest, between the Argentine and Bolivian navies in 2000; ongoing.
• Agreement on co-production of naval units with Chile, April 8, 1999-to the present.
• Reparation of the ARA “Hercules” destroyer with Chile, Oct. 1999-June 29, 2000, in Asmar – Talcahuano.
• Command and Staff Course in 2000 (1 commanding officer, Chile reciprocated in both countries).
• Embarkation on the “Esmeralda” Training Ship, 1 midshipman from Chile, April 29-Nov. 9.
• Naval operations committee, Argentine Navy-US Navy; operational meetings were held between COOP ARA and the US Navy, May 10-12.
• Bilateral working group (BWG) with the U.S., Aug. 22-25. Working meetings were held between the Argentine Ministry of Defense and the U.S. Department of Defense.
• Exchange of petty officers with the U.S.; ARA officers embarked on U.S. ships, and 2 US Navy officers embarked on the sea fleet.
• Ongoing exchange of logistical support with Paraguay.
• Exchange of information on the organizational structure of the EMGA, voluntary military service, and staff administration with Paraguay (ongoing).
• Exchange of information with Peru on courses, naval unit maintenance, and ARA teaching regulations (ongoing).
• Command and Staff Course with Peru, Feb.-Dec. 2000; 1 commanding officer.
• Command and Staff Course with Uruguay, Feb.-Dec. 2000; 1 commanding officer.
• Embarkation on the “Capitán Miranda” Training Ship, 1 midshipman from Uruguay, July-Nov. 2000.
• 1 junior officer from Venezuela, 1 junior officer from Colombia, and 1 junior officer from Ecuador participated in the official maritime traffic control course (OCONTRAM) in Argentina, April 3-14.
• Venezuela participated in a hyperbaric medicine course in Argentina, Feb. 9-April 28.
- Exchange of personnel in Argentine Army training and other professional and sporting activities:
• Master equestrian course in Argentina (Feb. 2-Dec. 1); 1 junior officer from Bolivia and 1 junior officer from Chile.
• 1 junior officer from Bolivia participated in the military police course, March 13-31 in Argentina.
• 1 NCO from Bolivia participated in a technical geography course (March 8-Nov. 30 in Argentina).
• Cadet exchange with Bolivia (2 Argentine cadets were in Bolivia, Oct. 17- 24).
• VIII international mountain troop competition, Aug. 12-19, in Argentina, with Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, and Uruguay.
• Cadet exchange in Argentina with: Bolivia (Oct. 9-16, 2 cadets); Ecuador (Oct. 9-16, 2 cadets); the U.S. (March 17-26); Paraguay (Oct. 9-16, 2 cadets); Peru (Aug. 9-16, 2 cadets); and Uruguay (Oct. 9-16, 3 cadets).
• Cadet exchange with Brazil (2 Argentine cadets were in Brazil, Aug. 21-27).
• 17 NCOs visited Brazil (Sept. 25-29).
• Regional commando exchange with Brazil, among GGUUCC border sectors, Oct. 10-11.
• Special course of high-level studies on policy and strategy (CEAEPE); 1 senior officer participated in Brazil, March 3-Aug. 7.
• Command and Staff Ec. Liaison officer; 1 commanding officer was in Brazil, Jan. 1-Dec. 22.
• Command and Staff Course–Command and Staff Ec. Liaison officer; 1 commanding officer was in Brazil, Feb. 6-Dec. 22.
• Jungle operations course; 1 junior officer was in Brazil, March 30- June 2.
• Basic intelligence course; 1 junior officer was in Brazil, Sept. 14-Dec. 6.
• Jungle operations course; 1 NCO was in Brazil, June 23-Sept. 11.
• NCO visit: 17 NCOs from Brazil were in Argentina, May 31-June 4.
• Exchange of VC TAN SK105 experiences with Brazil, Oct. 1-15.
• Visit by the strategy college (CEPAEX) of Brazil to Argentina, Oct. 26-31.
• AMAN graduation travel with Brazil, Dec. 8-16, in Argentina.
• Advanced national defense course; 1 commanding officer from Brazil was in Argentina, Feb. 4-Dec. 15.
• Command and Staff Course; 1 commanding officer from Brazil was in Argentina, Feb. 4-Dec. 15.
• Advanced intelligence course; 1 junior officer from Brazil was in Argentina, July 3-Dec. 1.
• Legal courses; 1 junior officer was in Canada, March 22-April 12.
• United Nations Logistic Officer Course; 1 commanding officer was in Canada, April 29-May 24.
• Exchange of army divers with Canada, May 24-June 16, in Canada.
• Exchange of army divers with Canada, Nov. 1-12, in Argentina.
• Epidemiological seminar in Chile, June 4-10.
• Computerized tactical war gaming in Chile, June 19-22.
• V Meeting of Ibero-American military academies in Chile, Sept. 12-21.
• Master equestrian course in Chile, Feb. 1-Dec. 23.
• Cadet exchange with Ecuador; 2 cadets were in Ecuador, May 31-June 7.
• Conference of engineers (SOUTHCOM) in Ecuador, June 13-15.
• Exchange of motorized infantry regiment commands with the U.S., March 26-30, in the U.S.
• Exchange of artillery battalion commands with the U.S., April 30-May 4, in the U.S.
• Exchange of engineer battalion commands with the U.S., March 5-11, in the U.S.
• Exchange of communications battalion commands with the U.S., June 25-July 1, in the U.S.
• Exchange of health/medical experts with the U.S., May 20-26, in the U.S.
• Airborne squad exchange with the U.S., Feb. 11-23, in the U.S.
• Combined arms exchange, July 8-14, in the U.S.
• Conference on unmanned vehicles, June 4-9, in the U.S.
• Epidemiological seminar, June 4-10, in the U.S.
• Visit to the Asociación Sanmartiniana, May 21-30, in the U.S.
• Exchange of mountaineering experts, June 18-27, in the U.S.
• Visit to helicopter companies, May 14-20, in the U.S.
• Visit by the Staff Director of the Argentine Army to the U.S., May 7-16.
• Education and defense seminar, March 11-16, in the U.S.
• LATAM Conference, Aug. 21-26, in the U.S.
• Cadet visit to West Point in the U.S., July 22-Aug. 3.
• Military ski competition, Jan. 30-Feb. 18, in the U.S.
• Visit to the U.S. Combined Arms Center (CAC), July 9-13.
• Defense seminar, Sept. 10-30, in the U.S.
• Visit to the U.S. Army Intelligence School, Nov. 18-24.
• Visit by the Commander of Army Corps III and the Commander of Airborne Brigade IV to the U.S., Oct. 24-Nov. 8,
• Final trip for the course at a U.S. military college, Nov. 20-30.
• Final trip for the course at the U.S. war college and technical college, Dec. 3-10.
• Airborne squad exchange with the U.S., Feb. 9-24, in Argentina.
• Expedition to Cerro Aconcagua in Argentina, with participation by the U.S., Jan. 5-25.
• Exchange of mountaineering experts with the U.S., July 20-30, in Argentina.
• Visit by the Director of the U.S. Army Staff to Argentina, Oct. 21-27.
• Advanced Army course in the U.S., June 22, 2000-June 27, 2001.
• Command and Staff Course – exchange in the U.S., May 26, 2000-July 30, 2002.
• Advanced infantry course in the U.S., July 2, 2000-April 7, 2001.
• Advanced armored vehicle course in the U.S., July 9, 2000-April 7, 2001.
• Advanced engineering course in the U.S., April 15-Dec. 30.
• Advanced intelligence course in the U.S., August 27, 2000-May 12, 2001.
• Basic intelligence course in the U.S., April 22-July 26.
• Course on supplying quartermaster services in the U.S., April 30, 1999-April 10, 2000.
• Course on civilian-military strategy for domestic development in the U.S., Feb. 2-23.
• System design, configuration, and administration course in the U.S., March 27-April 20.
• Course on military legal considerations in peacekeeping operations in the U.S., April 21-June 7.
• Chief NCO course in the U.S., July 2, 2000-July 14, 2001.
• Instructor invited to the School of the Americas in the U.S., March 15, 2000-March 2002.
• Infantry training and administration course in the U.S., Jan. 20-March 21.
• Cavalry training and administration course in the U.S., Jan. 20-March 21.
• Artillery training and administration course in the U.S., Jan. 20-March 21.
• Engineering training and administration course in the U.S., Jan. 20-March 21.
• Communications training and administration course in the U.S., Jan. 20-March 21.
• UH-1 H Helicopter repair course in the U.S., July 2-Sept. 26.
• DME 40 course - aircraft communications in the U.S., May 31-July 4.
• COLLINS radio course in the U.S., July 19-Aug. 23.
• PT 6 A motor technical course in the U.S., July 12-Aug. 23.
• Corrosion control technical course in the U.S., Aug. 23-Oct. 25.
• Power train repair course in the U.S., Aug. 9-Oct. 25.
• Counter-mine operations course in the U.S., June 5-Aug. 9.
• Command and Staff Course; 1 commanding officer from El Salvador was in Argentina, Feb. 7-Dec. 15.
• Technical geography course; 1 NCO from El Salvador was in Argentina, March 8-Nov. 30.
• Command and Staff Course; 1 commanding officer from Paraguay was in Argentina, Feb. 7-Dec. 15.
• Basic infantry troop course; 1 junior officer from Paraguay was in Argentina, Jan. 17-July 14.
• Cadet exchange in Paraguay, Oct. 17-23.
• Basic cavalry troop course; 1 junior officer from Paraguay was in Argentina, Jan. 17-July 14.
• Basic artillery troop course; 1 junior officer from Paraguay was in Argentina, Jan. 17-July 14.
• Basic communications troop course; 1 junior officer from Paraguay was in Argentina, Jan. 17-July 14.
• Command and Staff Course; 1 commanding officer was in Peru, Dec. 18, 1999-Jan. 4, 2002.
• Cadet exchange with Peru; 2 cadets were in Peru, July 24-31.
• XI RAPAL Meeting in Peru (Nov. 13-17).
• Electronic EST course; 1 junior officer from Peru was in Argentina, Jan. 30-Dec. 15.
• Visit by senior officer (SECR BIL) from Peru to Argentina, Aug. 14-16.
• Technical college course – weapons engineering; 1 junior officer from Peru was in Argentina, Jan. 30-Dec. 15.
• Technical college course – motor vehicles; 1 junior officer from Peru was in Argentina, Jan. 30-Dec. 15.
• Advanced intelligence course; 1 junior officer from Peru was in Argentina, July 3-Dec. 11.
• Military police course; 2 NCOs from Peru were in Argentina, March 13-31.
• Course on military peace organization in Argentina, Nov. 6-Dec. 1, with participation by Peru.
• Command and Staff Course; 1 commanding officer was in Uruguay, Feb. 15-Dec. 30.
• International equestrian championship in Uruguay, May 1-7.
• Cadet exchange with Uruguay, Aug. 19-26; 3 Argentine cadets were in Uruguay.
• Regional exchange in Uruguay, Aug. 24-31.
• Anniversary of the death of General Artigas, Sept. 22-24, in Uruguay.
• Command and Staff Course; 1 commanding officer from Uruguay was in Argentina, Feb. 7-Dec. 15.
• Master equestrian course; 1 junior officer from Uruguay was in Argentina, Feb. 1-Dec. 1.
• Tactical Army diving course; 1 junior officer from Uruguay was in Argentina, March 27-May 23.
• Environmental course – distance education; 1 commanding officer from Uruguay was in Argentina, August 16-December.
• 100th Anniversary of the founding of the War College in Argentina, April 23-27, with participation by Uruguay.
• Regional exchange with Uruguay in Argentina, Aug. 3-10.
• Uruguay participated in the anniversary of the death of General San Martín, Aug. 16-18, in Argentina.
• Visit by the IMES senior officer course, between Uruguay and Argentina, Sept. 11-15.
• Command and Staff Course; 1 commanding officer from Venezuela was in Argentina, Feb. 7-Dec. 15.
• Advanced intelligence course; 1 junior officer from Venezuela was in Argentina, July 20-Dec. 11.
• Master equestrian course; 1 junior officer from Venezuela was in Argentina, Feb. 2-Dec. 1.
• Technical geography course; 1 NCO from Venezuela was in Argentina, March 8-Nov. 30.
• Argentina observed Operation SACT in Brazil, Nov. 14- 26. Conventional operations exercise.
BRAZIL
Brazil has submitted the following reports to the OAS and the IADB for inclusion in the inventory of confidence- and security-building measures applied by OAS member states:
Report presented to the IADB 2001 March 26, 2001
CP/CSH-390/01 add.2 June 18, 2001
CP/CSH-408/01 add.1 June 18, 2001
March 26, 2001
REPORT PRESENTED TO THE IADB[3]/
2-Ch. Exchange of information and participation of all member states in the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures.
- Every year, Brazil sends the corresponding information to the United Nations, with a copy to the OAS, on the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures and the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms.
3-Ch. Promotion of the development and exchange of information concerning defense policies and doctrines.
- The Ministry of Defense reported on its participation at the staff consultation meeting with the USA.
- The IV Fourth Conference of Ministers of Defense of the Americas was held in Manaos, Amazonas, on October 16-21, 2000; it was attended by all the nations of the Americas.
- Participation in the annual Bilateral Defense Working Groups (BDWG) with the USA, Argentina, Chile, and Bolivia.
- Annual talks between the Brazilian Defense Staff and the Joint Command of the Peruvian armed forces.
- Memorandum of Understanding between Brazil and the United Kingdom regarding cooperation on defense-related issues. Annual.
- Memorandum of Understanding between Brazil and Sweden regarding cooperation on defense-related issues. Annual.
- Brazil participates on the Inter-American Defense Board.
- Bilateral staff conferences with Bolivia (June 2000); Argentina (June 2000); Ecuador (July 2000); Peru (September 2000).
- PREPLAN –SICOFAA (prior planning for CONJEFAMER (Conference of the Chiefs of the American Air Forces)). All the signatory American nations participate; annual, in April.
- CONJEFAMER – SICOFAA. All the signatory American nations participate; annual, in June.
- Visit by the President of Chile and his accompanying delegation, July 2000.
- Meeting of Chiefs of Staff with Chile, December 2000.
- Staff coordination meeting with Argentina, November 2000.
- Meeting between the head of intelligence of the armed forces staff and the head of Argentina's SECINT, November 2000.
- Regional military exchange meetings:
• VI Brazil-Guyana Regional Military Exchange Meeting (April 2000)
• IX Brazil-Paraguay Regional Military Exchange Meeting (May 2000)
• XI Brazil-Uruguay Regional Military Exchange Meeting (June 2000)
• XII Brazil-Colombia Regional Military Exchange Meeting (June 2000)
• VII Brazil-Peru Regional Military Exchange Meeting (July 2000)
• XIII Brazil-Venezuela Regional Military Exchange Meeting (September 2000)
• I Brazil-Argentina Regional Military Exchange Meeting (October 2000)
• IV Brazil-Bolivia Regional Military Exchange Meeting (November 2000)
4-Ch. Consideration of a Consultation Process with a View to Proceeding towards Limitation and Control of Conventional Weapons.
- Brazil annually sends the UN and OAS information on antipersonnel land mines.
5-Ch. Agreements on Invitation of Observers to Military Exercises, Visits to Military Installations, Arrangements for Observing Routine Operations and Exchange of Civilian and Military Personnel for Regular and Advanced Training.
- Participation in the Military Cooperation Working Group involving the armed forces of Brazil and Venezuela. Annual.
- Participation in the General Assembly of the International Military Sports Council (CISM). May 11-22, 2000.
- Participation in the 44th International Military Aeronautical Pentathlon championships (PAIM). August 11-19, 2000; Jivaskyla, Finland.
- Participation in the CISM's 48th military pentathlon. August 11-22, 2000; Holstebro, Denmark.
- Participation in the CISM's 33rd World Orienteering Championship. August 21-27, 2000; Kristiansand, Norway.
- Participation in the 27th regular congress and 17th South American military pentathlon championships of the South American Military Sporting Union (UDMSA). November 6-11; Caracas, Venezuela.
- Participation in the Continental Military Sports Meeting. October 17-20, 2000; Chile.
- Participation at the meeting of the executive committee of the International Military Sports Council (CISM). November 20-27, 2000; Luanda, Angola.
- Invitations extended to navies from American nations to attend higher military study courses, refresher courses, specialization courses, and quick courses, with the Brazilian Navy. Variable duration. Countries participating in Brazilian Navy courses during 2000: Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, USA, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Dominican Republic, Uruguay, and Venezuela.
- During 2000, Brazilian Navy officers attended advanced military study courses with the navies of the following countries: Argentina, Chile, USA, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela.
- Brazil participated in the CIAG - Inter-American War Games (IAWG), involving representatives of naval schools and academies. These are held annually, and they took place in Buenos Aires in 2000.
- Brazil's Naval School offers regular courses. A candidate from Bolivia is currently studying at Brazil's Naval School.
- Participation by Marine Corps officers in the instruction area of the Marine Corps. Over a period of 12 months, Brazilian naval officers took infantry courses in Argentina and courses on amphibian operations in the USA.
- Brazil participates in classes taught by the Marine Corps. For a period of 12 weeks, Brazil and Argentina exchanged sergeants for instruction purposes at their respective centers' training courses.
- Participation in advanced aviation courses for officers (CAAVU). Two Uruguayan naval officers obtained helicopter certification from the Brazilian Navy.
- Participation in the field of submarines:
• Over an eight-week period, a Chilean naval officer attended the training course for future submarine commanders.
• A Brazilian submarine officer took a similar course with the Chilean Navy.
• Over a period of ten months, a Peruvian naval officer attended an advanced submarine course for officers.
- A Brazilian naval officer is on secondment as an instructor at the U.S. Naval Academy in Annapolis. Two years.
- Exchanges of students with naval school instruction courses in Argentina, USA, and Uruguay. Six to eight weeks.
- Participation in the instruction area of the U.S. Army. A Marine Corps sergeant is serving as an instructor at the Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation. Two years.
- Participation in Brazilian navy instructional tour. Midshipmen or junior officers from Argentina, Canada, Chile, Ecuador, USA, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela took the 2000 instructional tour for midshipmen. Six months.
- Participation by Brazilian naval officers in fixed-wing flying courses in Argentina and USA. One year.
- Tours by foreign military observers on Brazilian naval vessels and/or by Brazilian sailors on vessels belonging to friendly navies; participation by Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, USA, Ecuador, Guyana, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, and Venezuela.
- Operations with navies from American nations, normally with exchanges of observers:
• Operation Fraterno, with the Argentine Navy; annual.
• Operation Ninfa, with the Paraguayan Navy. Did not take place in 2000 because of navigation conditions on the region's rivers.
• Operations Araex, Diplomex, Naparex, and Pista with the navies of Argentina and Uruguay. In 2000, because of budget constraints, only Operation Diplomex took place.
• Operation Platina with the Argentine and Paraguayan navies; annual.
• Operation Unitas with the nations of the Americas; annual.
• Operation Passex with the nations of the Americas. Took place in accordance with the navies' requests when in transit along the Atlantic coast.
- Brazil conducted the following operations involving visits to military facilities:
• Operation Sondope with Paraguay. Involves hydrographic surveying of the River Paraguay, carried out in conjunction with the Paraguayan Navy.
• Operation Caribe with Suriname and Venezuela. Annual.
• Operation Bracolper with Colombia and Peru. Annual.
• Operation Brapequa with Ecuador and Peru. Annual.
• Operation Bracol with Colombia. Annual.
• Operation Braper with Peru. Annual.
- Exchanges of observers in the operations area with Argentina:
• A Brazilian naval officer attended, as an observer, in amphibian, river, and cold-area exercises conducted by the Argentine Navy.
• Officers from the two navies carried out operations with surface, submarine, and aero-naval units from the other country.
• One officer from each navy studied with the other navy's submarine force.
• A senior Argentine officer was seconded to the command staff of the Fleet Marine Corps, and a Brazilian officer was attached to the Argentine Navy's Marine Corps; one year's duration.
• Two officers and five sergeants visited the Argentine Army to study the use of XK 105 A 25 tanks.
- Exchanges of observers in the operations area with the USA:
• A U.S. naval officer was seconded to the fleet instruction center for one year, and a Brazilian officer was attached to Ciclan Fleet for two years.
• A U.S. naval officer was seconded for one year to the Fleet Marine Corps, and a Brazilian officer was sent to the U.S. Marine Corps' Camp Lejeune. for two years.
• Officers from the two navies carried out operations on surface units belonging to the other country.
- Exchanges of observers in the operations area with Peru:
• A Brazilian naval officer studied with the Submarine Corps of the Peruvian Navy.
• Officers from the two navies carried out operations on surface units belonging to the other country.
- Exchanges of observers, in the fields of logistics and science and technology, with Argentina, USA, Peru, and Uruguay.
With Argentina:
• Brazilian naval officers pursued studies in logistics organizations of the Argentine Navy, particularly in the areas of psychology, health, and budget.
• Officers from the two navies are pursuing studies at science and technology organizations, with a view toward developing joint projects.
With the USA
• A U.S. naval officer was seconded to the Navy's Inventory and Control Center for one year, and a Brazilian officer was attached to the Naval Supply Center for two years.
• A Brazilian naval officer studied aviation psychology with the U.S. Navy, focusing on selection, training, and investigating aeronautical accidents.
• A Brazilian naval officer and two sergeants studied at the tank maintenance sector of the U.S. Marine Corps.
With Peru:
• Two Brazilian naval officers studied at Peruvian shipyards, concentrating on diesel motor review procedures and diesel motors and industrial resources for IKL class 209 submarines.
• A Peruvian naval officer studied supply techniques with the Brazilian Navy.
• A Peruvian naval officer studied digital mapping at the Directorate of Hydrography and Navigation (DHN).
With Uruguay:
• The head of the Uruguayan Navy's Hydrography Service visited the DHN in order to set up a cooperation mechanism between the two agencies.
• An Uruguayan naval officer visited the DHN's cartography area.
- Cooperative Exchange of Specialists, with the USA. – Drill, in March.
- Instructional visit for skydiving training in the USA, April.
- United Forces Exercise 2000, with Venezuela; May.
- VII Conference on Civilian Affairs in American Armies; Guatemala, May.
- Cadet exchanges: with Colombia (June); Paraguay (May); Ecuador (May); Peru (May); Chile (June); Bolivia (June); Venezuela (June); USA (July); Uruguay (August); Argentina (December).
- Exchange visits, sergeant schools; with Argentina (May 2000) and Chile (June 2000).
- XXVII Congress of Sports Medicine, in USA (June 2000).
- Visit to MINUGUA's operations base in Guatemala (June 2000).
- Cooperative exchange of artillery specialists, with USA. (June 2000).
- Visit to the U.S. Army's War Games Center. (July 2000).
- V Meeting of Ibero-American Military Academies; Chile, September 2000.
- Cultural visit to the USA by cadets (December 2000).
- Military meeting under the Brazil-Venezuela binational commission (COBAN); August 2000.
- Visit to the Colombian Army's Operations (August 2000).
- CPEAEX study visit, with Uruguay, Argentina, and Chile. October 2000.
- Visit by the U.S. Army War College. October 2000.
- Visit to the Ecuadorian Army's Air Command, March 2000.
- Visit to Brazil by cadets: USA (March 2000); Paraguay (March); Uruguay (April); Ecuador (April); Chile (May); Peru (May); and Bolivia (August).
- Operation Southern Cross, with Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay (June 2000).
- Visit by 4th-year cadets to Argentina (December 2000).
- Cultural visits by candidates: to Germany (December); to Spain (December); to France (December); to the USA (December); to Portugal (December).
- Visit by the commanding officer of the 8th military region to French Guiana in September.
- Jungle operations course, category B1; April-June, with participation of Germany, Argentina, Ecuador, USA, France, Guyana, Mexico, and Venezuela.
- Commando actions course, category B; March-May 2000, with Bolivia and Suriname.
- Parachute folding and maintenance course; May to September, in Paraguay.
- Officer training course; January-December, in Angola.
- Course for physical education instructors; March-November, in Bolivia.
- Course for physical education instructors; March-November, in Peru.
- Course on systems analysis and data processing; March-November, in Angola.
- Course on systems analysis and data processing; March-April, in Suriname.
- Social communications course; March-November 2000, with Ecuador and Paraguay.
- Course on military psycho-techniques; March-November, with Argentina and Ecuador.
- Command and staff course; March-November 2000, with Angola, Argentina, Colombia, South Korea, El Salvador, Ecuador, Spain, USA, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal, Suriname, and Venezuela.
- Course on coastal and anti-air artillery; March-November 2000, with Chile, Angola, and El Salvador.
- Advanced course for artillery officers; February-November 2000, with Ecuador.
- Advanced course for cavalry officers; February-November 2000, with Angola, Colombia, and Ecuador.
- Advanced course for signals officers; February-November 2000, with Ecuador and Uruguay.
- Advanced course for engineering officers; February- November 2000, with Angola, Ecuador, and Suriname.
- Advanced course for infantry officers; February-November 2000, with USA, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, and Suriname.
- Advanced course for quartermaster officers; February-November 2000, with Angola, Chile, Ecuador, El Salvador, Venezuela, Vietnam.
- Advanced course for materiels officers; February-November 2000, with Bolivia, Chile, and Suriname.
- Signals officer course; March-July, with Angola and Venezuela.
- Air observer course; June-November, with Suriname.
- Graduate course in cartography; with Paraguay (February 00 - October 02)
- Graduate courses in electronics, in weapons mechanics, in automobile mechanics, in chemistry; with Peru (February 00 - October 02).
- Postgraduate – masters course in cartographic engineering; with Venezuela (February 00 - October 02).
- Basic intelligence course; September-December, with Argentina, Chile, and Paraguay.
- Intermediate intelligence course; July-September, with Colombia, Peru, Venezuela, Bolivia, Ecuador, Paraguay, and Uruguay.
- Course on teaching techniques; March-November, with El Salvador and Uruguay.
- Special forces course; July-December, with Peru.
- Photographic information course; February-June, with Vietnam.
- Technical course on analyzing quartermaster materials; July-September, with Venezuela.
- Command and staff course in Germany (September 00 - June 01); in Argentina (February-December); in Spain (September 00 - June 01); in USA (June 00 - June 01); in Peru (February 00 - December 01).
- Learning about electronic warfare in Germany (June to July).
- Learning about processing radar images in Germany (November 00 - February 01).
- Advanced intelligence course; July-December, with Argentina.
- Leopard I assistance provision course for machine operators; February-March, with Belgium.
- Advanced course on modern techniques for peacekeeping operations; April-August, with Canada.
- Study course on national-defense building and military theory; April-August, with China.
- Intelligence course; September 00 to February 01, with Ecuador.
- Course at the U.S. Army War School (June 00 - June 01).
- Sergeant-majors' course in the USA (June 00 - June 01).
- Advanced engineering course, advanced combined logistics course (quartermasters), advanced combined logistics course (materiels), advanced signals course, and advanced campaign artillery course, in the USA (February-July).
- Doctorate in cartography in the USA (September 00 - August 03).
- Psychological operations course, and water resource management course, in the USA (June - July).
- Night-time flying course, in France (June - July).
- Plastic surgery refresher course, in Italy (January - December).
- Meeting of the Mutual Logistics Support Committee (ALM). All the American nations that are SICOFAA signatories participate; annual, in November.
- Meeting of the Aerospace Medicine Committee of the American Air Forces (MEDFAA). All the American nations that are SICOFAA signatories participate; annual, in September.
- Meeting of the Illegal Flights Committee (COVI). All the American nations that are SICOFAA signatories participate; annual, in September.
- Meeting of the Human Resources, Education, and Training Committee (CORHEE). All the American nations that are SICOFAA signatories participate; annual, in July.
- Meeting of the Science and Technology Committee (COCITAE). All the American nations that are SICOFAA signatories participate; annual, in August.
- Visit by a delegation of the Peruvian Air Force, December 2000.
- Study visit by the command course and staff of the Paraguayan Air Force; November-December 2000.
- Visit by the commanding officer of the Paraguayan Air Force in September 2000.
- Visit by the Chief of Staff of Italian Military Aeronautics, July 2000.
- Visit by the Logistics Commander of Italian Military Aeronautics, October 2000.
- Visit by English cadets to the Air Force Academy in October 2000.
- Exchange in P-27 and AT-26 simulators with Paraguay, October-November 2000.
- Visit by the commanding officer of the UK's Royal Air Force in November 2000.
- Visit by ABA cadets to the RAF's Cranwell College; England, October 2000.
- Visit to the Rio de Janeiro stockpile of aeronautical material in Spain, November-December 2000.
- Exchange of rafting instructors with Spain, November-December 2000.
- Exchange on Mirage EF-5 simulators with Chile, April-May 2000.
- Exchange of fighter pilots and air defense pilots with Chile, June 2000.
- Visit by cadets from the Chilean Air Force Academy, November 2000.
- Exchange of C-130 pilots with Chile, October 2000.
- Visit to Chile's logistics area, October 2000.
- Exchanges of operators and technicians from the telecommunications and data processing service, with Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela; between January and December, annual.
- Exchange of fighter pilots with Chile, September-October 2000.
- Exchange of cadets with Chile, June 2000.
- Visit by the Director of the War Academy to ECEMAR in Chile, August 2000.
- Visit by the commander-in-chief of Chile's 5th Air Brigade, September 2000
- Visit by the Finance Director of the Chilean Air Force, July 2000.
- Exchange of T-27 instructors with the Argentine AFA, October-November 2000.
- Visit by cadets of the Argentine Air Force, September 2000.
- Visit by the FEAR to the Argentine NCO School, July-August 2000.
- Exchange in the intelligence area with Argentina, May-June 2000.
- “Maple Flag” exercise with Canada, June 2000.
- SAR Exercise between the USAF and the FAB, with the USA; July 2000.
- Visit by EPCAR to the USAF in the USA, July 2000.
- Exchange of fighter pilots with France, October 2000.
- ODAX 2000 exercise with France, April-May 2000.
- Physiological training with Uruguay, October 2000.
- Exchanges of cadets with Uruguay (August-September 2000) and with Portugal (June-July 2000).
6-Ch. Meetings and activities to prevent incidents and increase security for transport by land, sea, and air.
- Meeting of the Committee for the Prevention of Aeronautical Accidents (PREVAC). All the American nations that are SICOFAA signatories participate; annual, in November.
- Meeting of the Committee for Searches, Rescues, and Mutual Support During Disasters (BARACAPADE). All the American nations that are SICOFAA signatories participate; annual, in September.
- Meeting of the Agreement for Combating Illicit Traffic; with Peru, December 2000.
9-Ch. Holding of seminars and courses, and studies on mutual confidence- and security-building measures and policies to promote confidence involving the participation of civilians and military personnel, and on the special security concerns of small island states.
- The Ministry of Defense reported on its participation in the joint chiefs of staff symposium on strategic studies, involving all the nations of South America except Guyana and Suriname.
- The National War College ran a special course on advanced studies of politics and strategy, for civilians and the military from friendly nations; it was attended by several countries and lasted for a period of four months.
- Participation in the Inter-American Naval Conference. The conference is held annually, in different venues, bringing together navy commanding officers and chiefs of staff. The 20th Conference was held in Colombia on March 25-31, 2000, with CEMA representing the Brazilian Navy.
- Participation at Inter-American Specialized Naval Conferences (CNIE). In 2000, the Brazilian Navy attended CNIEs on naval telecommunications (USA, February 7-10), naval control of maritime traffic (Panama, May 22-26), intelligence, coastal and river patrols, and drugs and arms trafficking (USA, June 12-15), science and technology (Venezuela, de October 1-6) and naval academy directors (Argentina, October 30 - November 3).
- Meetings of general staffs: with Argentina and Uruguay, annual; with Paraguay, Peru, Bolivia, every second year; with the USA, every 18 months.
- Strategic studies symposium, with Argentina. Three senior officers from the Brazilian Naval Academy participated in a three-day "seminar game," in which they dealt with issues related to public international law, humanitarian law, and international relations.
- Brazil attended the OAS meeting of experts on mutual confidence- and security-building measures.
- Seminar at the Central Flying School (CFS), England, June 2000.
- Course on ice survival and operating C-130 aircraft in icy conditions, with Chile, September 2000.
11-Ch. Programs of education for peace
- The Ministry of Defense was responsible for coordinating Brazil's involvement in several UN peace missions.
BRAZIL
CP/CSH-390/01 add. 2
June 18, 2001
2-Ch. Exchange of information and participation of all member states in the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures.
- Brazil submitted a copy of the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures, with information covering its defense spending in 2000.
BRAZIL
CP/CSH-408/01 add. 1
June 18, 2001
2-Ch. Exchange of information and participation of all member states in the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures.
- Brazil submitted a copy of the data it sent in 2001, to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms.
CANADA
Canada has presented the following report to the OAS for inclusion in the inventory of confidence- and security-building measures applied by member states of the OAS.
CP/CSH-286/00 add. 1 July 11, 2000
CP/CSH-383/01 add. 2 June 7, 2001
CP/CSH-408/01 add. 2 August 9, 2001
CP/CSH-390/01 add. 4 August 9, 2001
Report
CP/CSH-286/00 add. 1
July 11, 2000
3-Ch. Promotion of the development and exchange of information concerning defense policies and doctrines.
- Bilateral Consultations:
• Argentina: First ever Argentina-Canada Naval Staff Talks conducted in Halifax at CFMWC. Canadian delegation consisted of Dmar Strat, Comdt CFMWC, Dmar Strat 3. May 1999.
• Brazil: DGIS Pol participated in Bilateral Security Consultations jointly with DFAIT in Brasilia. November 1999.
• First ever Navy-to-Navy Staff Talks held with Chile in Viña del Mar. Cdn delegation led by Capt (N) Dewar, DGMDO. DWH Pol attended. September 1999.
• DGIS Pol participated in Bilateral Security Consultations with Chile jointly with DFAIT in Santiago. November 1999.
- Visits between Senior Personnel:
• LGen Zabala, Chief of the Joint Staff of the Armed Forces of Argentina, visited General Baril, CDS, for official visit. Tours in Quebec City and Kingston. August 1999.
• CDS, accompanied by DWH Pol 2, CFCWO and ADC, visited Chief of Joint Staff in Buenos Aires for courtesy visit. November 1999.
• CMS, Vice Admiral Maddison, conducts courtesy visit at invitation of Admiral Arancibia, Chief of Staff of Chilean Navy, in Viña del Mar. Accompanied by Flag Lieutenant. January 2000.
- Naval Talks: Official Naval staff talks with Chile, hosted by Canada. May 1999.
- High Level Conferences:
• CMS, accompanied by DWH Pol 4, attended Inter-American Naval Conference in Cartagena, Colombia. April 2000.
• Canada hosted the Committee on Technology and Medicine of the Conference of the Armies of the Americas (CAA) in Toronto. June 1999.
5-Ch. Agreements on invitation of observers to military exercises, visits to military installations, arrangements for observing routine operations and exchange of civilian and military personnel for regular and advanced training.
- Joint Training:
• Argentina, Canada, and the US participated in Trilateral War Games at CFMWC Halifax. May 1999.
• Major Machicao from Bolivia attended the Peace Support Training Centre Military Observers Course, sponsored by DFAIT. February 1999.
• Canada-US-Chile Trilateral War Games conducted in Viña del Mar, Chile in September 1999.
• One candidate from Chile attends the UN Logistics Officers Course at CFB Borden School of Administration and Logistics. May 2000.
• Captain Levoyer Rodriguez from Ecuador attended Peace Support Training Centre Military Observers Course, sponsored by DFAIT. February 1999.
• Colonel Gamarra Trujillo from Peru attended Peace Support Training Centre Military Observers Course, sponsored by DFAIT. February 1999.
- Personnel Exchanges:
• Argentina: A/Slt French embarked for training cruise aboard ARA LIBERTAD. June 1999. Argentine Naval Finance Officer visited Canada for orientation tour by CMS and ADM(Fin) staffs. (Sponsored by DG Finance Staff (Radm Jarvis)). Also LCol K.C. McLeod and Sergeant Major E. Butt attended the Amphibious Engineer Battalion and Tactical Diving Centre in Santa Fe. October 1999.
• Brazil: A/Slt Schellenberg embarked for training cruise aboard the training ship BRAZIL. October 1999.
- Training Support:
• Argentina: Major Luiz Araujo and Captain Eliason from the PSTC in Kingston paying a visit to CAECOPAZ. December 1999.
• Bolivia: Major Luiz Araujo and Captain Eliason from the PSTC in Kingston paying a visit to La Paz. December 1999.
• Brazil: Major Luiz Araujo and Captain Eliason from the PSTC in Kingston paying a visit to Brasilia and Rio de Janeiro. December 1999.
• Chile: LCol Nicolas Matern, CO 3R22eR, and Capt Louis Lafrance, DLSP 2-5 visited units of the Chilean Army in order to assist in their preparations for UNTAET (East Timor) Mission. This was follow-up to agreement between Chiefs of Staff at CAA in Fall of 1999. January 2000.
• CF to provide staff for the Jamaican Junior Command and Staff Course. January 1999.
• CF to provide staff for the Caribbean Special Senior Leaders Course. January 1999.
- Canadian team, led by Capt(N) Dewar, DGMDO briefed by Chilean Frigate Program staff in Viña del Mar, Chile. September 1999.
- Team of Chilean Naval Officers from Frigate Replacement Project TRIDENT visit defence and industry sites in Canada, sponsored by Industry and DFAIT. CMS and DGMEPM support for NDHQ and Halifax program. October 1999.
9-Ch. Holding of seminars and courses, and studies on mutual confidence- and security-building measures and policies to promote confidence involving the participation of civilians and military personnel, and on the special security concerns of small island states.
- Mine Destruction Advisor accompanied DFAIT team for technical assistance in Nicaragua. March 1999.
- Equipment Support:
• Through DFAIT Mine Action Team, loan of 20 AN 19/2 connector earpieces loaned to Peruvian Army. Coordinated through DDSAL and Canadian Embassy. February 1999.
• Capt LaFrance of CLS and one Warrant Officer visit Buenos Aires to deliver Schiebel Mine Detectors, give brief instruction and provide briefing on Canadian Forces approach to environmental stewardship. March 2000.
- Commander Guy Desnoyers attached to Canadian Industry Office in Viña del Mar to liaise with Chilean Navy concerning Project ‘Tridente’. April 2000.
CANADA
CP/CSH-383/01 add. 2
June 7, 2001
3-Ch. Promotion of the development and exchange of information concerning defense policies and doctrines.
- Senior Personnel Visit to CMS by Argentine Navy Chief of Staff Admiral Stella. September 2000.
- Canadian Department of National Defence Representative and DND/DFAIT/RCUP delegation participated at the 4th Defence Ministerial of the Americas in Manaus, Brazil. October 2000.
- CMS, Vice Admiral Maddison, conducts courtesy visit at invitation of Admiral Arancibia, Chief of Staff of Chilean Navy, in Viña del Mar. Accompanied by Flag Lieutenant. January 2000.
- Senior Personnel CLS, LGen Jeffrey and contingent paid official visit to Chilean Chief of General Staff. December 2000.
- Canada participated in these High Level Conferences of Regional (multi-nation) participation:
• High Level Conferences CMS, accompanied by DWH Pol 4, attended Inter-American Naval Conference in Cartagena, Colombia. April 2000.
• SICOFFA Conference on Human Resources, Education and Training hosted by CAS in Winnipeg. July 2000.
• Canada hosted SICOFAA Human Resource, Education and Training committee meetings at 17 Wing, Winnipeg. July 2000. 15 Countries in attendance. Principal topics of discussion were: Gender integration, harassment and discrimination; Cooperative training.
• lst Civil Affairs and Military Lawyers Conference (CAAML) held in San Pedro Sula, Honduras. Attended by DL Res (Col Meisner), DLawOps 2 (Maj Boutin), DLFR 8-2-2 (Mr. Sebastien Fournier) and DLSP 2-5 (Capt Lafrance). August 2000.
• Maj Hanna, Capt Gomez and Ocdt Willrich attended SICOFAA SAR Conference in Buenos Aires. September 2000.
• Canadian Delegation, led by Cdn Ambassador to Brazil, with Mgen Ross (DGIS Pol) as senior military rep, attended the Defence Ministerial in Manaus Brazil. October 2000.
• Capt(N) Keenliside, D/Comd from CFC, attended Conference of Naval War College of the Americas, hosted in Buenos Aires by Argentina. October 2000.
5-Ch. Agreements on invitation of observers to military exercises, visits to military installations, arrangements for observing routine operations and exchange of civilian and military personnel for regular and advanced training.
- Argentine Army sent one officer, six NCMs and three civilians to participate in the Canadian Forces National Ski Championships in Valcartier, Quebec. March 2001.
- As organized by the Directorate General of the Environment, two Argentine Naval Officers visited Halifax to observe military environmental policies and procedures at MARLANT. Part of the cost of this visit was defrayed by MTAP. April 2001.
- Equipment Support:
• Capt. LaFrance of CLS and one Warrant Officer visit Buenos Aires to deliver Schiebel Mine Detectors, give brief instruction and provide briefing on Canadian Forces approach to environmental stewardship. March 2000.
• Commander Guy Desnoyers attached to Canadian Industry Office in Vina del Mar to liaise with Chilean Navy concerning Project ‘Tridente’. March 2000.
- Joint Training:
• Three Argentine combat divers attended Exercise Roughish Buoy in Petawawa. May 2000.
• Sub Lieutenant Farn from HMCS GRIFFON participated in training cruise of Sailing Training Vessel BRASILIA. July 2000.
• One candidate from Chile attends UN Logistics Officers Course at CFB Borden School of Administration and Logistics. May 2000.
• Capt (N) Keenliside, D/Comd from CFC, attended Inter-American War Games, held in Buenos Aires and hosted by Argentina. November 2000.
• LCol Schaefer (DAPM) and CWO Goodrum sent to assist with the Anti-Personnel Landmine Stockpile Destruction Workshop for the Americas. Event jointly sponsored by Canada and Argentina in Buenos Aires. DFAIT ILX supported. November 2000.
- Personnel Exchanges: LCdr Matte and Lt(N) Corbin of the Naval Reserve of Argentina, deployed to Puerto Belgrano for UNITAS shiprider and local exercise sailing respectively. September 2000.
- Training Support:
• Capt. Vadengonceur from PSTC Kingston instructed Military Observer's Course at CAECOPAZ, the Argentine Peacekeeping Training Centre. October 2000.
• LCol Nicolas Matern, CO 3R22eR, and Capt Louis Lafrance, DLSP 2-5 visited units of the Chilean Army in order to assist in their preparations for UNTAET (East Timor) Mission. (January 2000). This was follow-up to agreement between Chiefs of Staff at CAA in Fall of 1999.
• Two Chilean Air Force Captains attended Canadian Forces Search Master Course in Sydney Nova Scotia. October 2000.
- Liaison Visit:
• Lcol. Cue, Maj. Kropelin, Lt. Wilhich and CWO Macauley visited Buenos Aires and Bariloche to observe Argentine/Chilean SAR exercise. November 2000.
• Maj. Araujo and Capt. Hanson from PSTC visit CAECOPAZ in Argentina to discuss possible exchange of instructors in 2001. December 2000.
• PSTC Staff Liaision visit to Brazilian Army and Marine Corps. Maj Luiz Araujo and Capt Patrick Hanson visited Brasilia and Rio de Janeiro to discuss Military Observer Training and possible instructor exchanges. December 2000.
• Senior Personnel Bgen Findley from CAS and Team from the Intentional Training Program (ITP) attended FIDAE at the FACH base, Los Corrillos, Santiago, Chile. March 2000.
• LCol Cue, Maj Kropellin, Lt Willrich and CWO Macauley visited Santiago for meetings with Chilean Air Force SAR officials. November 2000.
9-Ch. Holding of seminars and courses, and studies on mutual confidence- and security-building measures and policies to promote confidence involving the participation of civilians and military personnel, and on the special security concerns of small island states.
- Lcol. Schaffer and CWO Goodrum visited Buenos Aires for Stockpile Destruction of AP mines Conference (Seminario sobre Destruccion de Existencias de Minas en las Americas) jointly sponsored by Canada and Argentina. November 2000.
Other Related Activities
- Canada provided Airbus transportation for most Caribbean and Central American delegations from Miami to Manaus Brazil and back in support of the Defence Ministerial of the Americas. October 2000.
CANADA
CP/CSH-408/01 add. 2
August 9, 2001
2-Ch. Exchange of information and participation of all member states in the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures
- Canada submitted a copy of the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures for 2000.
CP/CSH-390/01 add. 4
August 9, 2001
2-Ch. Exchange of information and participation of all member states in the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures
- Canada sent a copy of its military spending budget for the 2000-2001 financial year.
CHILE
Chile has presented the following reports to the OAS for inclusion in the inventory of confidence- and security-building measures applied by member states of the OAS.
CP/CSH-237/99 add. 3 July 11, 2000
CP/CSH-315/00 July 11, 2000
CP/CSH-390/01 June 7, 2001
REPORTS
CP/CSH-237/99 add. 3
July 11, 2000
2-Ch. Exchange of information and participation of all member states in the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures.
- Chile submitted a copy of its report to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, which provides detailed information on the status of transfers of conventional arms for the armed forces for calendar year 1999.
CHILE
CP/CSH-315/00
July 11, 2000
2-Ch. Exchange of information and participation of all member states in the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures
- Chile submitted a copy of the 2000 consolidated budget for military expenditures.
CHILE
CP/CSH-390/00
July 11, 2000
2-Ch. Exchange of information and participation of all member states in the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures
- Chile submitted a copy of the 2001 consolidated budget for military expenditures.
EL SALVADOR
El Salvador has presented the following report to the OAS for inclusion in the inventory of confidence- and security-building measures applied by member states of the OAS.
CP/CSH-316/00 July 11, 2000
Report presented to the IADB[4]/ March 30, 2001
CP/CSH-390/01 add. 3 August 9, 2001
REPORT
CP/CSH-316/00
July 13, 2000
2-Ch. Exchange of information and participation of all member states in the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures.
- El Salvador sent the 2000 budgetary information from the department of national defense.
EL SALVADOR
March 30, 2001
REPORT PRESENTED TO THE IADB[5]
1-Ch. Gradual adoption of agreements regarding advance notice of military exercises
- Honduras and Nicaragua were informed of the naval and military civic action exercise of the Armed Forces of El Salvador that took place April 25-28, 2000, in the Gulf of Fonseca area.
3-Ch. Promotion of the development and exchange of information concerning defense policies and doctrines
- Participation in the Seminar on Formulation of Defense Policy in a Democratic Society at the Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies in Guatemala. February 29-March 4, 2000.
- Participation in the Fourth Conference of Ministers of Defense of the Americas, Brazil. October 15-21, 2000.
5-Ch. Agreements on invitation of observers to military exercises, visits to military installations, arrangements for observing routine operations and exchange of civilian and military personnel for regular and advanced training
- El Salvador, Guatemala, Brazil, Chile, and Spain. January 1-December 16, 2000. Four students invited to attend courses at the Dr. Manuel Enrique Araujo Squadron and General Staff School. Military guest lecturers from Brazil, Chile, and Spain.
- El Salvador and Nicaragua. April 24-August 18, 2000. Student invited to attend Intelligence Course Level II at the National Intelligence School (ESNACIN).
- El Salvador. January 14-15, 2000. Visit to Guatemalan National Navy headquarters on the occasion of the 61st anniversary of its foundation.
- El Salvador. May-November 2000. Visits programmed to the various Armed Forces units for defense attachés accredited in El Salvador.
- Member countries of the Conference of American Armies (CAA). August 7-12, 2000. Participation in the first conference on civilian affairs and judges advocate of the American Armies.
- CAA member countries. July 24-27, 2000. Participation in the first telecommunications exercise.
- CAA member countries. November 12-17, 2000. Participation in the eighth education and training conference.
- Latin American countries and the United States. August 21-26, 2000. Participation in the conference on telecommunications in Latin America and the Caribbean, Augusta, Georgia, U.S. Topic: “Communications in Humanitarian Operations.”
- CAA member countries. October 15-20, 2000. Participation in the conference of Ibero-American editors of military periodicals.
- In fulfillment of the Framework Treaty on Democratic Security in Central America, projects for the exchange of military personnel on regular and advanced training programs have been planned and programmed.
• El Salvador carried out the following activities with the participation of Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua: specialized logistics activity (September 26-27, 2000); specialized civilian affairs activity (March 6-7, 2000); specialized education activity (May 30-June 1, 2000); specialized air force activity (June 21-22, 2000); specialized military health activity (August 7-9, 2000); specialized peacekeeping operations activity (August 11-13, 2000); specialized intelligence activity (September 19-21, 2000); specialized operations activity (November 6-8, 2000); specialized human rights activity (November 6-8, 2000); specialized naval activity conducted at the Naval Base of the Pacific in Guatemala (November 10-12, 2000).
7-Ch. Cooperation programs in the event of natural disasters or to prevent such disasters, based on the request and authorization of the affected states.
- The humanitarian rescue unit of the Conference of Central American Armed Forces (UHR-CFAC) was organized, comprising search and rescue, military health, transmissions, ASC, and military police units from each country. El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua participated. November 1999-December 2000.
- First simulated humanitarian rescue unit (UHR-CFAC) exercise, conducted in Managua. El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua participated. October 24-28, 2000.
- Fourth regular meeting of the Central American Search and Rescue Committee in Tegucigalpa, Honduras. El Salvador and Honduras participated. May 1-4, 2000.
- Seminar-workshop on emergency operations center management and control, with the participation of 18 civilians from various institutions given by the Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance, with the assistance of delegates from: the Green Cross; the Red Cross; the rescue squad, the Executive Autonomous Port Committee (CEPA); the Ministry of Public Health and Welfare (MSP); the National Emergency Committee (COEN); Río Lempa Executive Committee (CEL); Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock (MAG); and the Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources (MARN). June 24, 2000.
8-Ch. Development and establishment of communications among civilian or military authorities of neighboring countries in accordance with their border situation.
- Pursuant to the Framework Treaty on Democratic Security in Central America, the permanent Central American mechanism for information and communication was created and implemented to facilitate rapid, safe, and effective contact among the respective military authorities.
• The transmissions section of the humanitarian rescue unit of the Conference of Central American Armed Forces (UHR-CFAC) was organized. El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua participated. January-December 2000.
9-Ch. Holding of seminars and courses, and studies on mutual confidence- and security-building measures and policies to promote confidence involving the participation of civilians and military personnel, and on the special security concerns of small island states.
- First computerized war game, for the application of international law on armed conflict, with the participation of the Red Cross. El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, and the Dominican Republic also participated. July 18-20, 2000.
- Mechanisms developed to promote an integrationist spirit among defense organizations by conducting cultural, academic, and sport activities in the context of the Framework Treaty on Democratic Security in Central America.
• First Central American Sports Parachuting Championship at the Ilopango Military Base. El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica, and Panama participated. November 20-26, 2000.
• First Central American Rowing Championship on Lake Ilopango. El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Costa Rica participated. November 10-12, 2000.
• Cuscatlán Squadron air exhibition over Lake Xolotlán, Managua, Nicaragua. El Salvador and Nicaragua participated. October 20-29, 2000.
• The foreign diplomatic corps, defense attachés, and military instructors were invited to an exhibition on the history of the Armed Forces, held at San Salvador's international fairgrounds. April 28-May 15, 2000.
- Humanitarian assistance programs developed for the civilian population through member country armed forces in the context of the Framework Treaty for Democratic Security in Central America.
• Civic military activities carried out in El Salvador, benefiting 190,050 persons. (January–December 2000).
• Health support for the national emergency health plan (February 20-March 21, 2000).
• Human resource and material support to the National Secretariat for the Family for the healthy school program (January–December 2000).
• Support for spraying workshops (January–December 2000).
11-Ch. Programs of education for peace.
- New Horizons 2000 exercise, conducted in Chalafenango Department, benefiting 19,353 persons. El Salvador and the United States. February 4-May 28, 2000.
- Third Central American Military Forum on a Culture of Peace and Non-Violence, held in Tegucigalpa. El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua participated. December 10-14, 2000.
3-S. Identify and carry out activities promoting cooperation among neighboring countries along their border regions.
- Seminar-workshop on the comprehensive management of the coastal areas of the Gulf of Fonseca, held with Honduras, with the participation of the Salvadoran Manufacturers' Corporation and the Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources. September 4-6, 2000.
4-S. Promote the exchange of information, inter alia, through the publication of books on defense or official documents, as appropriate, permitting greater transparency with respect to the defense policies of each country, and on the organization, structure, size, and composition of the armed forces.
- January-December 2000. El Salvador published the Annual Report on the Activities of the Ministry of National Defense; armed forces military periodicals; and the Military Gazette.
EL SALVADOR
CP/CSH-390/01 add. 3
August 9, 2001
2-Ch. Exchange of information and participation of all member states in the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures
- El Salvador submitted its 2001 budget for the department of national defense.
UNITED STATES
The United States has presented the following reports to the OAS for inclusion in the inventory of confidence- and security-building measures applied by member states of the OAS.
CP/CSH-286/00 add. 2 July 11, 2000
CP/CSH-315/00 add. 1 July 31, 2000
CP/CSH-237/99 add. 4 November 14, 2000
2001 Report presented to the IADB March 15, 2001
CP/CSH-383/01 add. 7 August 14, 2001
REPORTS
CP/CSH-286/00 add. 2
July 11, 2000
1-Ch. Gradual adoption of agreements regarding advance notice of military exercises.
- U.S. regional Military commands conducted nearly three dozen bilateral and multilateral exercises with member states during U.S. Fiscal Year 1999 (October 1, 1998-September 30, 1999). Details of the U.S. Southern Command exercise program are attached (Annex A of original report).
2-Ch. Exchange of information and participation of all member states in the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures.
- On an annual basis, the United States has sent to the OAS Secretary General, the Committee on Hemispheric Security, and OAS member states a copy of the information conveyed by the United States to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the International Standardized Reporting of Military Expenditures. This data is provided in compliance with the exchange of information agreed on in the Santiago Declaration. Last year this information was provided to the OAS in July 1999.
3-Ch. Promotion of the development and exchange of information concerning defense policies and doctrines.
- The U.S. annually transmits to the OAS and its member states a copy of the “Secretary of Defense’s Annual Report to the President and the Congress.” This document includes information on the size, structure, and capabilities of the U.S. Armed Forces, their deployment, and major military programs. On April 6, 2000, the U.S. circulated a copy of its report to each member state of the Committee on Hemispheric Security.
- In 1999, the U.S. participated in the System of Cooperation among American Air Forces (SICOFAA: Sistema de Cooperación entre las Fuerzas Aéreas Americanas). SICOFAA is an inter-American Air Force organization begun in 1961, which has as its purposes fomenting and strengthening the bonds of friendship that unite its members, and the attainment of mutual support among them through the coordination and cooperation of the air forces when they need to act jointly by direction of their respective governments.
- The U.S. also participated in the Conference of American Armies (CAA) hosted by the Government of Bolivia in November 1999. The U.S. was represented by the Chief of Staff, General Eric Shinseki at the week-long event.
4-Ch. Consideration of a consultation process with a view to proceeding towards limitation and control of conventional weapons.
- During 1999-2000, the U.S. participated in bilateral discussions on political, defense, and security issues with Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Colombia.
- The U.S. also conducted a series of bilateral talks at the Joint Staff level with Argentina, Brazil, and Chile. These annual meetings, hosted in alternate years in the United States, focus on an exchange of ideas and issues including the development and training of the joint staff, regional security, and support to peacekeeping and disaster assistance operations.
5-Ch. Agreements on invitation of observers to military exercises, visits to military installations, arrangements for observing routine operations and exchange of civilian and military personnel for regular and advanced training.
- On April 6, 2000 at the special OAS meeting on CSBMS, the United States announced to undertake an annual confidence-building measure of inviting the Chairman of the Committee on Hemispheric Security to observe a multilateral military exercise conducted in the region.
- During 1999, the U.S. hosted civilian and military officials from 32 countries of the Hemisphere under the auspices of the grant International Military Education and Training (IMET) program. Approximately 2,770 students were trained at a cost of $10,72,000.
- Attached an extract of a Department of State-Department of Defense Joint Report to Congress on Foreign Military Training and DoD Engagement Activities of Interest in Fiscal Years 1999 and 2000 which, among other things, contains country-by-country details on the IMET program in the Hemisphere (Annex B of original report).
• The US Department of the Army, through the Military Personnel Exchange Program (MPEP), had exchanges with: Argentina (staff officer); Brazil (engineer Staff and language instructor); Canada (logistics Staff, aviation staff, staff college instructor, plans and operations staff, artillery Instructor, research and development, electronic warfare, engineer Instructor, Instructor, topographic, air defense artillery Instructor, operation staff, logistics staff, logistic staff, general officer); Colombia (ranger instructor, staff, noncommissioned Officer Academy Instructor); Mexico (language Instructor, instructor pilot); Venezuela (infantry Instructor, armor instructor, special Operations Instructor, artillery Instructor, signal Instructor, engineer instructor).
• The US Department of the Navy had exchanges with: Argentina (Assistant navigator, instructor pilot); Brazil (assistant navigator, assistant customer service officer, instructor naval officer); Canada (systems training Petty Officer, Staff Officer to Director Ocean Surveillance, Administrative Director Finding Coordinator, Direction Finding Operator, Administrative Direction Finding Coordinator, Cryptography Technician, Logistics Support Officer, Systems Assessment Directorate, Surface ASW Officer, Staff Officer to Ocean Surveillance Systems, Staff Exercises Officer, Ship Superintendent, EOD Underwater System Project Officer, Instructor Pilot, Schedules Officer, Coordinator ASW Instructor Surface, NATO Plans and Exercise Officer, Helicopter RDT&E Coordinator, Instructor Naval Flight Officer, ASW Tactical/Development/ Evaluation Officer, Exercise Operations Officer, System Readiness Officer, VS Engineer Proposal Officer, Operational Test Director, Assistant Fleet Air ASW Operations Officer, Operational Test Director/Coordinator Surveillance, Test Pilot, Tactical Warfare Instructor); Chile (Instructor Flight Engineer, First Lieutenant, instructor pilot); Colombia (Assistant Navigator); Mexico (Instructor Spanish Language); Venezuela (Flight Instructor, SAR pilot).
• The US Marine Corps had exchanges with: Argentina (Staff Officer) Brazil (Assistant Operations Officer); Canada (Pilots); Chile (Staff Officer, instructor); Peru (Staff Officer).
• The US Department of the Air Force had exchanges with: Argentina (Instructor, AT-38 Instructor Pilot); Canada (F-16 Pilot, Behavior Scientist, Computer Systems Analyst, System Analyst, System Engineer, ACSC Instructor, C-130 Pilot, Logistics Officer, Aerospace Engineer, Navigation Instructor, C-130 Navigator, Avionics System Engineer, Test Pilot, T-37 Instructor Pilot, Battle Management System Staff Officer, Flight Nurse, Civil Engineer, Safety Officer, Personnel Officer, Joint Electronic Warfare Officer, Security Police Officer, Research and development Program Manager, SNCO Academy Instructor); Chile (T-37 Instructor Pilot) Ecuador (T-37 Instructor Pilot, Aircraft maintenance Officer); Mexico (Instructor); Peru (T-37 Instructor Pilot, Instructor); Uruguay (T-38 Instructor Pilot); Venezuela (T-37 Instructor Pilot, Aircraft maintenance Officer, Computer Systems Officer, Supply Officer).
• The Defense Information Systems Agency had exchanges with: Canada (Communications and Electronics Officer).
• The US Department of the Air Force, through the Engineer and Scientist Exchange Program had exchanges with: Canada (Landing Systems engineer)
• The US Ballistic Missile Defense Organization, through the Engineer and Scientist Exchange Program had exchanges with: Canada (scientist).
• The US Defense Intelligence Agency, through the Defense Intelligence Personnel Exchange Program, had exchanges with: Canada (intelligence analyst).
- The U.S. has invited numerous participants from throughout the Hemisphere to observe military exercises, perform joint exercises and training, and personnel exchanges.
- Attached an extract of the Department of Defense’s Annual Report on Agreements for the Exchange of Defense Personnel between the United States and Foreign Countries, Fiscal Year 1999. (Annex C of original report provides country-by-country details of personnel exchange programs in the Hemisphere).
• Antigua and Barbuda: in 1999 a total of 158 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 47 students. Both countries participated in joint exercises, training in maritime research and rescue, and the training of international maritime exercises that increase Antigua and Barbuda’s ability to work with the US entities in counter-narcotics operations, search and rescue operations and other bilateral and multilateral operations. A US government provided 82-foot patrol boat, delivered in 1998 has been used extensively for coastal patrolling and maritime counter-narcotics missions.
• Argentina: in 1999 a total of 450 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 125 students. The US reports to have a close relationship with the GOA, and the Argentine military actively participates in international peacekeeping and other multilateral efforts. The U.S. has also designated Argentina as a major non-NATO ally (MNNA). To promote interoperability and knowledge of U.S. operations, the Argentine military participated in a number of U.S. exercises. IMET courses in Civil-military Operations, Command and General Staff Officer Training, and Non-commissioned Officer Training, and participation at the CHDS, assist Argentina’s efforts to modernize and professionalize its armed forces, and helps reinforce the notion of civilian control of the military. Other training in aircraft and helicopter maintenance, and other courses in logistics management also increase Argentina’s ability to maintain U.S. equipment in its inventory, thus improve Argentine interoperability with U.S. forces in bilateral and multilateral activities.
• The Bahamas: in 1999 a total of 42 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 13 students. IMET courses in basic military officers training, civil affairs, and access to the Naval Staff College assists the Bahamas in the development of a more professional and efficient security force. Training activities in counter-narcotics operations included instruction in operations planning and exercises with U.S. forces. Training in ship management and boarding team operations greatly enhances the Bahamas’ ability to assist in the counter-narcotics efforts. IMET training on legal issues involving military and peacekeeping operations will encourage continued Bahamian participation in other bilateral and multilateral activities. One result has been the close cooperation with the U.S. government on a combined counter-drug law enforcement effort, Operation Bahamas and Turks and Caicos (OPBAT) along with increased emphasis by the Bahamas on money laundering and asset forfeiture investigations and prosecutions.
• Barbados: in 1999 a total of 47 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 9 students. IMET courses in basic military officers training, civil affairs, and access to the Naval Staff College and Center for Hemispheric Studies assists Barbados in the development of a more professional and efficient security force. Training in ship management and boarding team operations greatly enhances Barbados’ ability to assist in the counter-narcotics efforts. Barbados has continued its leadership role in the Eastern Caribbean in passing domestic legislation to enable it to implement maritime law enforcement agreements.
• Belize: in 1999 a total of 436 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 77 students. IMET and other programs provide training and equipment to maintain a small but disciplined Belize Defense Force (BDF). BDF troops served with the CARICOM Battalion during peacekeeping operations in Haiti, and participate in regional training exercises with U.S. and Caribbean forces. IMET training in mid-level officers training, equipment maintenance, as well as the rule of law and discipline in military operations, greatly improves the professionalism and competence of the BDF. A number of activities were conducted to help make the BDF a more effective partner when operating with U.S. forces in joint exercises and operations, particularly in the counter-drug area.
• Bolivia: in 1999 a total of 2152 students were trained in the U.S. and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 205 students. Bolivia is heavily engaged in major counter-narcotic efforts with significant support and partial funding from the U.S. IMET funds provides professional military education and NCO training to enhance the professionalism of Bolivia’s armed forces. Also emphasis on programs in civil-military relations, resources management, and democratic sustainment helps reinforce principles of civilian control of the military and democracy. The Bolivian government implemented its five-year counter-narcotics plan early in 1998. U.S. government training and participation in joint exercises have enabled Bolivia to phase out individual compensation for eradication, achieve record levels of eradication, substantially reduce the amount of cocoa under cultivation, and increase the number of arrests and chemical seizures.
• Brazil: in 1999 a total of 49 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 33 students. The Brazilian military actively participates in international peacekeeping and other multilateral efforts. IMET training courses for NCOS, midlevel officers, and senior officers, and participation at the CHDS, assist Brazil’s efforts to modernize and professionalize its armed forces, and help reinforce the notion of civilian control of the military. Other training in equipment maintenance and logistics also increases Brazil’s ability to maintain its inventory.
• Chile: in 1999 a total of 336 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 166 students. The US relationship with the GOC includes support for increased Chilean participation in international peacekeeping and other multilateral efforts, and a generally more prominent role on the international stage. Training activities have had multiple benefits. IMET management training courses for NCOS, mid-level officers, and senior officers assists in Chile’s efforts to modernize and professionalize its armed forces. Other courses, such as field artillery training for mid-level officers, help enhance the technical proficiencies of the Chilean military, while courses on the rule of law in military operations and CHDS participation, help reinforce Chile’s successful return to civilian control of the military.
• Colombia: in 1999 a total of 2476 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 5086 students. The largest share of the training provided to the Colombian military is in direct support of the U.S. counter-drug strategy. Section 1004 counter-drug training in Colombia represents a variety of United States Marine Corps and Special Operations Forces (SOF) efforts including aviation aircrew training, Colombian Marine riverine training, and light infantry training of Colombian police and military units. All training is provided in support of counter-drug interdiction efforts. Additionally, in FY 1999, SOF units provided training for the 1st Counter-drug Battalion of approximately 1,000 Colombian Army personnel. In FY 2000, DoD will continue its baseline counter-drug training program and, pending congressional passage of the Emergency Supplemental for Colombia, training will be provided for the 2nd and 3rd Counter-drug Battalion, a Support Battalion and Brigade Headquarters. The FY 2000 effort will include training of approximately 2,000 Colombian Army personnel. The IMET program adds to these counter-narcotics training efforts, and funds a broad range of courses for the Colombian military at all levels that promote mutually beneficial military-to-military relations, and increase understanding and defense cooperation between the U.S. and Colombia. Participation at the CHDS, and IMET courses include a strong emphasis on human rights, including courses on democratic sustainment. IMET also provides technical training for NCOs and field-grade officers, as well as training in maintenance, logistics, and resource management. These courses assist the Colombian military by increasing its abilities to better care for and maintain U.S.-provided equipment, thus increasing Colombia’s ability to pursue its counter-drug efforts.
• Costa Rica: in 1999 a total of 402 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 163 students. Costa Rica’s participation in the CHDS and IMET training serves to further professionalize the coast guard and law enforcement services through courses such as patrol craft commander training, rule of law and discipline in military operations, and NCO professional development training. Likewise, as the GOCR assumes an increasingly sophisticated counter-narcotics role, other training provides access to modern, state-of-the-art law enforcement methods, as well as assistance in equipment maintenance, logistics, and resource management. Counter-narcotics training focused on operational skills, as well as joint exercises to improve interoperability with U.S. forces.
• Dominica: in 1999 a total of 28 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 7 students. IMET training courses in areas such as defense management and NCO development assists in the development of a more professional and efficient security force. Training in civil-military relations and legal considerations in military and peacekeeping operations will enhance adherence to human rights. Joint exercises and additional training of maritime officers, in peacekeeping operations, and in maritime search and rescue, enable Dominica to work with U.S. entities in counter-narcotic activities search and rescue operations, international peacekeeping efforts, and other bilateral and multilateral operations.
• Dominican Republic: in 1999 a total of 421 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 123 students. IMET training in areas such as civil-military operations and democratic sustainment will contribute to the Dominican Republic’s support for the principles of human rights, democracy, and civilian control of the military. Professional training and education at all levels (including NCO training and command and staff colleges) improves the professionalism of the Dominican Republic armed forces. Other training included technical and counter-narcotics training to increase the Dominican Republic’s ability to operate with U.S. forces; joint exercises promoted team building and established baseline knowledge of U.S. operations.
• Ecuador: in 1999 a total of 681 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 173 students. Ecuador is designated as a major drug-transiting country, and many of the activities are in counter-narcotic operations, officer training, resource management, logistics, and equipment maintenance provide training needed to professionalize and modernize Ecuador’s military. Significant training efforts in counter-drug operations were conducted with prior year FMF funds. Joint exercises with U.S. forces contributed to continued cooperation with U.S. counter-narcotics efforts. In November 1999, Ecuador and the United States concluded a ten-year agreement for the access and use of Manta Air Force Base, Ecuador, as a Forward Operating Location for U.S. aircraft monitoring drug trafficking flights through the region. IMET training also assists in the demining efforts along Peru’s border with Ecuador.
• El Salvador: in 1999 a total of 355 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 219 students. Bilateral military assistance has been appropriately reduced since the end of the civil war in 1992, and overall relations have flourished with the civilian government. Training is geared towards professional training programs that will sustain the dramatic improvement in civil-military relations and consequent improvement in the democratic climate and regional stability seen in recent years. Officer training at all levels, including command and staff colleges, and courses in civil-military relations and democratic sustainment helps reinforce the notion of civilian control of the military and reinforces the principles of human rights. Training provided, through IMET and with prior year FMF funds, in counter-narcotic operations, resource management, logistics, and equipment maintenance provided assistance needed to professionalize and modernize the Salvadoran military and encourages its continued cooperation with U.S. counter-narcotic efforts.
• Grenada: in 1999 a total of 63 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 26 students. Training activities assist in the development of a more professional and efficient security force that will be able to work with U.S. entities in counter-narcotic operations, search and rescue operations, and other bilateral and multilateral operations. Joint training and exercises with the U.S. forces contributed to greater interoperability and baseline understanding of U.S. counter-drug operations.
• Guatemala: in 1999 a total of 190 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 133 students. Participation in CHDS activities, and training in civil-military relations, rule of law and discipline in military operations, and democratic sustainment helps reinforce the goal of civilian control of the military and the principles of human rights. Also, training in Officer Company-Grade and Command and General Staff College assists Guatemala’s efforts to professionalize its armed forces. Other training activities help Guatemalan forces strengthen their drug enforcement capabilities, conduct interdiction and eradication activities, and improve their ability to integrate their planning and execution with U.S. entities in regional counter-narcotic operations.
• Guyana: in 1999 a total of 23 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 16 students. The mission of the small Guyana Defense Force is focused primarily on internal security. Although Guyana has not been identified as a major drug-transiting or producing country, narcotics trafficking is still a concern. Participation at the CHDS and funding for NCO and officer training and civil-military relations assists Guyana’s efforts to professionalize its armed forces, help reinforce the notion of civilian control of the military, reinforce principles of human rights. In FY 1999, two students attended the Air Force Academy. Training in maritime operations, helicopter repairs, and military operations other than war increase Guyana’s ability to cooperate in U.S. counter-narcotic efforts, countering illegal migrant activities, and other bilateral and multilateral operations.
• Haiti: in 1999 a total of 122 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 33 students. The U.S. continues to assist the Government’s efforts to rebuild the nation’s political and economic infrastructure. Training provided, through IMET and with prior year FMF funds, in maritime control operations assist in the developing of Maritime Commerce Control programs, which will help in controlling narcotics traffic and illegal immigration. The U.S. government training and support has enabled Haiti to fully cooperate with the U.S. Coast Guard Ship Rider Program, demonstrate independent initiatives at sea, and increase the quantity of drug seizures.
• Honduras: in 1999 a total of 325 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 265 students. Because of its geographic location, Honduras has become a transshipment point for narcotics entering the United States. Participation in CHDS and IMET is geared towards professional training programs that will sustain the dramatic improvement in civil-military relations and consequent improvement in the democratic climate and regional stability. Officer training at all levels, from NCO training up to command and staff colleges, and courses in civil-military relations and democratic sustainment helps reinforce the notion of civilian control of the military and reinforces the principles of human rights. Prior year FMF funds provided assistance in logistics management and support related to a 44’ boat transferred under EDA. Training in counter-narcotics operations, resource management, logistics, and equipment maintenance, and participation in exercises with U.S. forces, provide opportunities needed to professionalize and modernize the Honduran military, and encourages its continued cooperation with U.S. counter-narcotics efforts.
• Jamaica: in 1999 a total of 159 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 134 students. The GOJ cooperates with the U.S. on a variety of international and regional issues, including a contribution of troops to the U.S.-led multinational force which intervened in Haiti in 1994. Jamaica is a major transit country for cocaine and the largest Caribbean producer and exporter of marijuana, but the GOJ’s cooperation with U.S. counter-narcotics goals has been fully certified. Training in civil affairs and mid to senior-level officer professional development help maintain a professional military force subject to civilian control. Additional training in aircraft repairs, information systems, logistics, and maritime operations assists in maintaining the technical proficiencies of the Jamaican military, while continued U.S. counter-narcotics training enhances Jamaica’s ability to combat narcotics traffickers. U.S. government training and exercises have enabled Jamaica to improve its participation in bilateral counter-drug initiatives, strengthen its anti-drug, anti-money and anti-corruption laws, and improve its counter-narcotics enforcement capabilities.
• Mexico: in 1999 a total of 622 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 703 students. Mexico and the U.S. issued a joint counter-narcotic strategy in February 1998, and counter-narcotic cooperation is coordinated through the High Level Contact Group (HLCG). Participation at the CHDS and IMET funded training in the rule of law and discipline in military operations enhances civilian control of the military in Mexico’s and the principles of human rights. Mid-to-senior-level officer training helps to maintain the professionalism of the Mexican military. Resource management and equipment repairs help modernize Mexico’s armed forces, and enhance their proficiency. The U.S. conducts extensive training in the counter-narcotics area, with special focus in helicopter repair and maintenance of aircraft. Technical assistance covering a broad range of counter-drug capabilities and assets help enhance Mexico’s ability to combat narcotic traffickers and continue its cooperation with U.S. counter drug efforts.
• Nicaragua: in 1999 a total of 71 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 56 students. Training activities promote regional security and strengthen democratic institutions. IMET programs such as civil-military relations and leadership training have helped the Nicaraguan National Army, make great progress in professionalizing its officer corps and supporting the leadership of a civilian president and a civilian Minister of Defense (MoD). The IMET program contains a significant English language component, as well as courses in military resource management and maritime operations. Participation at the CHDS help to stress the importance of human rights and the role of a modem military within a democratic framework.
• Panama: in 1999 a total of 75 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 31 students. As one of two Latin American nations without a standing military, the U.S. will need to continue cooperative efforts with Panamanian security forces to counter transnational crime threats. Participation at CHDS and IMET funded training in the rule of law and discipline in military operations enhance the principles of human rights. IMET courses in maritime operations and ship transfer operations will enhance Panama’s ability to interdict transnational criminal activity and to ensure the security and continued smooth operation of the Canal. Training in counter-narcotics operations, resources management, logistics and equipment maintenance provides assistance needed to professionalize and modernize the Panamanian security forces and improve its counter-drug capabilities.
• Paraguay: in 1999 a total of 288 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 53 students. Participation at the CHDS, and U.S. training funded through IMET in civil-military affairs, democratic sustainment, and the rule of law and discipline in military operations, will help instill civilian control of the military and support the principles of human rights. Training of NCOS, field-grade and flag officers assists in professionalizing Paraguay’s military, while training in logistics, maintenance, and aircraft and helicopter repairs helps to maintain the technical proficiencies of Paraguay’s armed forces and helps Paraguay’s counter-narcotics efforts. Participation in joint counter-drug and other operational training exercises improves interoperability with U.S. forces.
• Peru: in 1999 a total of 983 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 231 students. Training in counter-narcotics operations, professional military education, resource management, logistics, and equipment maintenance provide training needed to professionalize and modernize Peru’s military and enhance its capabilities in air operations, search and rescue and demining operations. This training is particularly important to the demining efforts along Peru’s border with Ecuador in support of the peace settlement. Finally, significant training efforts in the area of counter-drug operations are underway. These activities include training to improve helicopter and other aircraft capabilities, as well as participation in training exercises with U.S. forces to improve interoperability.
• St. Kitts and Nevis: in 1999 a total of 11 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 10 students. IMET courses in maritime operations, officer development, logistics, and equipment maintenance assists in the development of a more professional and efficient security force which will be able to work with U.S. entities in counter-narcotics operations, search and rescue operations, and other bilateral and multilateral operations. Participation in training exercises with U.S. forces augments counter-drug capabilities and enhances interoperability in maritime operations.
• St. Lucia: in 1999 a total of 33 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 6 students. Training in officer development, maritime safety and equipment maintenance assists in the development of a more professional and efficient security force which will be able to work with U.S. entities in counter-narcotics operations, search and rescue operations, and other bilateral and multilateral operations. Joint training exercises with U.S. forces improve counter-drug capabilities and experience in marine operations.
• St. Vincent and the Grenadines: in 1999 a total of 35 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 10 students. Training in officer development, maritime operations and equipment maintenance assists in the development of a more professional and efficient security force which will be able to work with U.S. entities in counter-narcotics operations, search and rescue operations, and other bilateral and multilateral operations. Joint training exercises with U.S. forces improve counter-drug capabilities and experience in marine operations.
• Suriname: in 1999 a total of 89 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 86 students. Participation at the CHDS and IMET programs in civil-military relations and human rights, encourage respect for human rights and civilian control of the military. IMET also funds maritime operations and boarding officer training to combat the flow of drugs through Suriname and to enhance military professionalism.
• Trinidad and Tobago: in 1999 a total of 257 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 74 students. U.S. training in civil-military affairs helps to instill civilian control of the military and the principles of human rights. Officer training assists in professionalizing the military, while training in logistics, maintenance, and equipment repairs help maintain the technical proficiencies of the armed forces of Trinidad and Tobago. Training in ship handling and maritime control operations help increase Trinidad and Tobago’s counter-narcotics efforts. Trinidad and Tobago has continued to improve its counter-narcotics capabilities by creating an inter-agency center that gathers narcotics-related information from multiple sources for dissemination to military and enforcement agencies. U.S. government training and support have enabled Trinidad and Tobago to improve its ability to interdict illegal drug shipments, strengthen anti-drug trafficking laws, and participate in bilateral maritime exercises.
• Uruguay: in 1999 a total of 620 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 70 students. Participation at the CHDS and IMET programs in civil-military affairs, democratic sustainment and the rule of law and discipline in military operations, help instill civilian control of the military and the principles of human rights. Training of NCOs, field-grade and flag officers assists in professionalizing Uruguay’s military, while training in logistics, maintenance, and aircraft and helicopter repairs helps to maintain the technical proficiencies of the Uruguayan armed forces. Training in peacekeeping, and participation in joint training exercises in counter-drug operations, enhance interoperability with U.S. forces.
• Venezuela: in 1999 a total of 926 students were trained in the US and for the year 2000 it planned to train a total of 687 students. Participation at the CHDS and programs funded by IMET in civil-military affairs training, help instill civilian control of the military and the principles of human rights. Training of NCOs, field-grade and flag officers assists in professionalizing the Venezuelan military, while schooling in logistics, equipment maintenance and repairs helps maintain the technical proficiencies of Venezuela’s armed forces. Extensive training in counter-drug operations is conducted with the Venezuelan military, including Joint training exercises with U.S. forces and training in maritime interdiction operations.
- As part of the U.S. Delegation’s participation at the Inter-American Defense Board and its routine activities in Washington, the U.S. hosted trips for the Chiefs of Delegations of the Board and for the students of the Inter-American Defense College to military installations throughout the United States.
6-Ch. Meetings and activities to prevent incidents and increase security for transport by land, sea, and air.
- During September 1999, the US Air force participated in a SICOFAA committee meeting hosted by Ecuador to discuss accident prevention procedures. In addition to presentations on U.S. Air Force Crew Resource Management programs, the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board also presented a briefing on the methodology of accident investigations when there is suspicion that the explosion of the accident was caused by an explosive device.
- In November 1999, the US Air Force participated in an aeronautical medicine committee meeting hosted by Uruguay within the framework of SICOFAA. The U.S. Air Force also presented a briefing on the Expeditionary Medical Support System.
7-Ch. Cooperation programs in the event of natural disasters or to prevent such disasters, based on the request and authorization of the affected states.
- Attached the Annual Report for the fiscal year 1998 of the Office of US Foreign Disaster Assistance. This report presents various activities of cooperation undertaken by the US to respond to natural disasters in Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Haiti, Mexico/Central America, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras Nicaragua, Paraguay, Peru, and St. Kitts and Nevis. (For detailed information see Annex D of original report).
8-Ch. Development and establishment of communications among civilian or military authorities of neighboring countries in accordance with their border situation.
- The U.S. conducted humanitarian demining training in Central and South America in support of the OAS and the Inter-American Defense Board in order to assist in the development of a multinational, self-sustaining humanitarian demining program.
9-Ch. Holding of seminars and courses, and studies on mutual confidence- and security-building measures and policies to promote confidence involving the participation of civilians and military personnel, and on the special security concerns of small island states.
- The Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies (CHDS) develops and presents academic programs tailored for the requirements of Latin American Caribbean countries that stimulate both civilian and military thinking about defense policy and civil-military relations and provide an understanding of defense decision-making and resource management in a democratic society. (Details of country-by-country participation in CHDS programs during Fiscal Year 1999 can be found at Annex B of original report).
10-Ch. A high-level meeting on the special security concerns of small island states.
- On February 29, 2000 the United States participated in the OAS meeting on the security of small island states. The U.S. reported on a number of positive regional and international developments affecting the economic, financial, and environmental conditions of small island states.
11-Ch. Programs of education for peace.
- See Annex E of original report for details on education for peace activities conducted by the U.S. in the region.
1-S. Encourage contact and cooperation among legislators on confidence-building measures and on matters of peace and hemispheric security, including conferences, the exchange of visits, and a meeting of parliamentarians, in order to strengthen this process.
- U.S. fostered the adoption of the OAS General Assembly Resolution 1643 that called for a meeting of parliamentarians to discuss CSBMS. The OAS held this meeting on March 31, 2000.
2-S. Extend to diplomatic training institutes, military academies, research centers, and universities the seminars, courses, and studies envisioned in the Declarations of Santiago and San Salvador on confidence- and security-building measures, disarmament, and other issues related to peace and hemispheric security, with participation in those activities by government, civilian, and military officials and by civil society.
- The U.S. has continued to foster the training domestically and internationally on CSBMS, disarmament, and other issues related to peace and hemispheric security.
3-S. Identify and carry out activities promoting cooperation among neighboring countries along their border regions.
- The U.S. Army attended the 1999 Border Commander’s Conference (BCC) 6-19 of June in Chihuahua, Mexico. U.S. and Mexican Delegations exchanged briefings and conducted activities designed to enhance mutual understanding and cooperation.
- As part of the Fifth Army Inter-American Relations Program held in April 1999, the U.S. hosted for a week Mexican generals and colonels for visits to several army installations in the United States. The program provided a venue to maintain contact among senior army leaders of the two countries. The Commanding General of Fifth Army, the designated United States Army Liaison to Mexico, is the host of this event.
4-S. Promote the exchange of information, inter alia, through the publication of books on defense or official documents, as appropriate, permitting greater transparency with respect to the defense policies of each country, and on the organization, structure, size, and composition of the armed forces.
- See information reported above under measure 3-Ch. (Promotion of the development and exchange of information concerning defense policies and doctrines).
6-S. Develop a cooperation program to address the concerns raised by maritime transport of nuclear and other waste, and to cooperate and coordinate in the relevant international fora to strengthen standards governing such transport and its safety.
- We are pleased the transportation ministers at the New Orleans Ministerial developed a cooperative program to address the transportation of nuclear waste. The U.S. has approached other nations engaging in the transportation of nuclear waste and encouraged them to fully comply with the new international standards of safety governing the transport of such goods.
- We are also prepared to undertake the second part of the transportation action plan by undertaking a joint demarche (U.S. and Caribbean states) to nations engaging in the transportation of nuclear waste and encouraged them to fully comply with the new international standards of safety governing the transport of such goods.
7-S. Continue supporting the efforts of the small island states to address their special security concerns, including those of an economic, financial, and environmental nature, taking into consideration their vulnerability and level of development.
- On February 29, 2000 the United States participated in the OAS meeting on the security of small island states. The U.S. reported on a number of positive regional and international developments affecting the economic, financial, and environmental conditions of small island states.
8-S. Improve and broaden the information submitted by the member states to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, so as to enhance the Hemisphere's contribution to pursuing the aims of that register, in compliance with the relevant resolutions of the UN General Assembly.
- The U.S. annually participates in the UN Register of Conventional Arms. In addition, the U.S. provides additional background information on military holdings and procurement through national production.
9-S. Continue consultations and the exchange of ideas within the Hemisphere to advance the limitation and control of conventional weapons in the region.
- See information reported above under measure 4-Ch. (Consideration of a consultation process with a view to proceeding towards limitation and control of conventional weapons).
Other Related Activities and Initiatives
- During October 1999, the US Air Force participated in an Information Systems Telecommunication Committee meeting hosted by Venezuela within the framework of SICOFAA.
- The US attended the annual Conference of the Chiefs of the American Air Forces (Spanish acronym, CONJEFAMER) held in Chile in 1999. CONJEFAMER is the annual conference of air chiefs that meets under SICOFAA.
UNITED STATES
CP/CSH-315/00 add. 1
July 31, 2000
2-Ch. Exchange of information and participation of all member states in the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures.
- The United States submitted information on military expenditures for fiscal year 1999, in accordance with the UN instrument for standardized international reporting.
UNITED STATES
CP/CSH-237/99 add. 4
November 14, 2000
2-Ch. Exchange of information and participation of all member states in the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures.
- The United States submitted a copy of the US report to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms for calendar year 1999.
UNITED STATES
March 15, 2001
REPORT PRESENTED TO THE IADB
3-Ch. Promotion of the development and exchange of information concerning defense policies and doctrines.
- The US Air Force has conducted the following activities:
• The USAF participated in the System of Cooperation Among American Air Forces (SICOFAA, Spanish acronym for “Sistema de Cooperación entre las Fuerzas Aéreas Americanas). SICOFAA is an inter-American Air Force organization that began in 1961. SICOFAA’s purpose is to strengthen the bonds of friendship that unite its members and the attainment of mutual support among them through the coordination and cooperation of their air forces when they need to act jointly by direction of their respective governments. SICOFAA is comprised of 18 member countries, 6 observer countries, and 2 observer organizations. Members are Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Chile, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, U.S., Uruguay, and Venezuela. Observers are Belize, Costa Rica, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, and Mexico. The observer organizations are the Inter-American Air Forces Academy (IAAFA) and the Inter-American Defense Board (IADB). SICOFAA provides a forum for 8 committees to discuss cooperation between the air forces on specific air force subjects. There is also an annual Conference of Chiefs of American Air Forces (CONJEFAMER). The 8 committees are Aerospace Science and Technology, Accident Prevention, Control of Illegal Flights, Information Systems Telecommunications, Medicine, Mutual Logistics Support, Search and Rescue, and Human Resource, Education and Training.
- Non-Commissioned Officer (NCO) Professional Military Development Subject Matter Expert Exchange (SMEE), 17-21 January 2000: SOUTHCOM funded a SMEE in Bolivia to exchange ideas and information regarding the roles, mission, and standards of the Bolivian NCO Corps. The forum provided the opportunity to discuss the structure and development of the Professional Military Education (PME) system and its importance in producing a professional NCO Corps.
- USARSA Professional Military Development Orientation Visit to the Dominican Republic, 18-23 January, 2000: SOUTHCOM funded a SMEE to conduct liaison with decision-making officials at the highest levels of the defense and security institutions of the region to familiarize them with the opportunities available at USARSA and exchange information on military education and professionalism.
- USARSA Human Rights SMEE, 22-26 February, 2000: SOUTHCOM funded a subject matter exchange between select USARSA faculty/staff and human rights experts at the Inter-American Institute of Human Rights in Costa Rica. The visit provided a forum for the exchange of information and ideas in the following areas: the American Convention on Human Rights; Human Rights instruction techniques and resource materials; current human rights leaders and potential lectures; the impact of regional constitutional law and political rights on human rights; the Pact of San José.
- USARSA Command and General Staff Officer Course Unified Command Orientation Visit, 24-29 April 2000: SOUTHCOM funded the visit of 62 officers from the AOR to Hulburt Field, Eglin AFB, Patrick AFB, and MacDill AFB in order to familiarize the officers attending courses at USARSA with the U.S. involvement in the counter-narcotic effort. The officers also visited Central Command, and Special Operations Command in order to become familiar with the U.S. role in global commitments at the operational and strategic level.
- USARSA Human Rights SUME, 30 April - 3 May 2000: SOUTHCOM funded subject matter exchange between select USARSA faculty/staff and human rights trainers in Bolivia. The visit provided a forum for the exchange of information and ideas on effective human rights training within the military environment.
- USARSA 10th LATAM Conference on Democracy and Security, 27 - 11 August 2000: “The Armed Forces and Society” was a SOUTHCOM funded event that provided 62 field grade officers, 20 Western Hemisphere national security academicians and 3 senior officers (O-7 through O-10), with an in-depth look and productive dialogue on democracy, security, the armed forces, and society.
- Non-Commissioned Officer (NCO) Professional Military Development Subject Matter Expert Exchange (SMEE,) 23 - 27 October 2000: SOUTHCOM funded a SMEE in the Dominican Republic to exchange ideas and information regarding the roles, missions, and standards of the Dominican NCO Corps. The forum provided the opportunity to discuss the structure and development of the Professional Military Education (PME) system and its importance in producing a professional NCO Corps.
- USARSA Human Rights SMEE, 6 - 10 November 2000: SOUTHCOM funded a subject matter exchange between select USARSA faculty/staff and human rights experts in Paraguay. The visit provided 2 forums for the exchange of information and ideas. in the following areas: the American Convention on Human Rights; Human rights instruction techniques and resource materials; Current human rights leaders and potential lectures; the impact of regional constitutional law and political rights on human rights.
5-Ch. Agreements on invitation of observers to military exercises, visits to military installations, arrangements for observing routine operations and exchange of civilian and military personnel for regular and advanced training.
- SOUTHCOM invites foreign military and civilian observers to conferences and New Horizons Exercises as part of CINCSO’s Reserve Component Initiative (RCI). It begins with a Traditional CINC Activity (TCA) Concept sent out to each U.S. MILGP in the countries SOUTHCOM seeks to include. The MILGP Commander can choose to send out invitations to the Host Nation to attend and the Host Nation usually provides a response accepting or rejecting the invitation. If the Host Nation accepts, they send a list of their participants and the MILGRP prepares Invitational Travel Orders and requests visas to the country where the event is taking place. In case of New Horizons Guatemala, each participating MILGP coordinated with the Exercise Country MILGRP who does all of the in-country coordination with the local military and government.
- SOUTHCOM has three upcoming Familiarization Visits. Two of the visits are to Guatemala and one is to Honduras. Participating in the first visit were Nicaragua, Panama, and Costa Rica. SOUTHCOM is encouraging Bolivia, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, and Ecuador to participate in the next familiarization Visit (NH01-HO) on 23 - 25 March 2001 in Honduras. Additionally, Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Brazil are being encouraged to participate in the 19 - 22 April 2001 Familiarization Visit (NH01-GT) in Guatemala.
- The Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies (CHDS) offers security studies curricula tailored for diplomats and international civilian/military students and fosters the principles and processes of democratic defense and regional cooperation through academic study, research, and dialogue. Its mission includes support of the U.S. Southern Command regional engagement initiatives. To this end, teams of expert instructors are available to visit countries and to provide on-site seminars in Washington D.C. to representatives of countries within SOUTHCOM’s area of operations.
• Seminar on Formulation of Defense Policy in a Democratic Society held 29 February - 4 March 2000: U.S. Southern Command funded (TCA) this on-site Seminar in Guatemala. The purpose of the seminar was: To bridge the gap between civilian and military professionals engaged in managing defense establishments; to open dialogue and discussion among participants of different nationalities; to create a free exchange of ideas about the role of the defense establishments in the participating nations, the region and the hemisphere; to develop rapport among participants that would support continued dialogue among them; to have an impact on defense debate in each participating country; to continue to dialogue among civilian and military policy makers. The Seminar included guest speakers from: Guatemala, Chile, Nicaragua, South Africa, Ecuador, and Argentina.
• CHDS Annual Conference on Education and Defense held 9-15 March 2000: Southern Command funded this seminar in Washington D.C. The purpose of the seminar was to develop new thinking and consensus on defense education curricula and agenda in the Americas and to bridge the gap and promote dialogue between civilian and military professionals engaged in defense education, research and dialogue on defense issues in Latin America and the Caribbean. Participants included representatives from the 32 nations in the SOUTHCOM Area of Responsibility (AOR), Canada, and members of the U.S. Government.
• SOUTHCOM Human Rights Division: The Human Rights Division develops U.S. SOUTHCOM human rights policies and procedures in order to enhance respect for internationally recognized human rights in the armed forces of the United States as well as the military and security forces of allied nations in the SOUTHCOM AOR. This is accomplished through awareness education, integration of Human Rights issues into operations, and advising and reporting.
• Defense Institute of International Legal Studies Seminar on Human Rights and Military Penal System Reform held 18-22 September 00: The Human Rights Division participated in this seminar as a subject matter expert in the area of human rights and assisted in discussion on the role of human rights in the development of Rules of Engagement. Participants were from all branches of military service in Colombia.
• Human Rights Seminar 2000 held 22-24 October 00: SOUTHCOM Human Rights Division sponsored the first of a three-part seminar to build consensus and criteria that would define progress in respect for human rights and to develop measurement criteria for human rights performance effectiveness for military and security forces in the AOR. The focus of the first seminar was on evaluating the Human Rights experiences of the AOR capitalizing on those that were the most effective in the areas of Doctrine, Education and Training, System of Internal Controls, and Cooperation with Civilian Authorities. The Seminar participants, which included representatives from almost all nations in the AOR, U.S. Government, as well as International and Non-governmental Human Rights Organizations, developed a Consensus Document and began work on developing measures of effectiveness.
6-Ch. Meetings and activities to prevent incidents and increase security for transport by land, sea, and air.
- During September 2000, the US Air Force participated in a SICOFAA committee meeting hosted by Ecuador to discuss accident-prevention procedures. The US Air Force provided presentation on Operational Risk Management (ORM) programs.
- During November 2000, the US Air Force participated in an aeronautical medicine committee meeting hosted by Uruguay within the framework of SICOFAA. The US Air Force presented briefings on medical service, global medical coverage “vision of the future” and the deployable international course on trauma training.
8-Ch. Development and establishment of communications among civilian or military authorities of neighboring countries in accordance with their border situation.
- SOUTHCOM’s military strategy is based on cooperative regional peacetime engagement with its partner nations (PN). SOUTHCOM shapes cooperative opportunities with its PNs through theater engagement to create conditions that support the advancement of democracy and regional stability. Although each PN is unique in its prosperity, stability, and ethnic background, regional commonalties of geography, economic environment, and shared region-specific threats link countries to regional approaches and security cooperation.
• Nodal Analysis Development: Illicit drug trafficking is one of the major regional threats within SOUTHCOM’s AOR. From May-August 2000, SOUTHCOM’s and DEA conducted a Nodal Analysis consisting of a series of PN visits to identify key vulnerabilities of the illicit drug trafficking industry within each PN and throughout the Source Zone. During the Nodal Analysis, each PN and US Country Team discussed vulnerabilities, identified potential solutions to the drug trafficking problems, and discussed potential spillover from the counter-drug portion of Plan Colombia and other CD plans throughout the AOR.
• Nodal Analysis Conference: SOUTHCOM and DEA hosted The Nodal Analysis Conference, in Miami on 14-15 August 2000, which brought together key source zone PN’s law enforcement and military officials. Based on a consensus generated during the conference, six regional counter-drug initiatives were developed to break the supply of drugs. These initiatives are: Regional Chemical Control Operations; Intelligence/Information sharing; Regional training; Plan Colombia updates to regional spillover nations; Containing production; Judicial Reform. SOUTHCOM efforts have focused on synchronizing and coordinating planning activities among the military and law enforcement agencies. The security environment within the AOR through the Nodal Analysis initiative has been enhanced through synchronizing and coordinating of PN and USG activities.
• United Counter-drug: SOUTHCOM and the Organization of American States cosponsor United Counter-drug (UCD), a series of conferences, seminars, and working groups involving officials from 12 countries throughout Central and South America and the Caribbean. Participants include individuals from law enforcement agencies, foreign ministries, the military, and policy decision-makers within the governments. UCD supports SOUTHCOM’s regional engagement, providing a unique forum for operational coordination with links to policy. Throughout the past year, UCD has concentrated heavily on improving information sharing among the various agencies associated with combating illegal narcotics trafficking. A laboratory for innovation, UCD sustains multilateral momentum in our engagement strategy.
9-Ch. Holding of seminars and courses, and studies on mutual confidence- and security-building measures and policies to promote confidence involving the participation of civilians and military personnel, and on the special security concerns of small island states.
- During July 2000, the US Air Force participated in a Human Resources, Education and Training committee meeting hosted by Canada within the framework of SICOFAA. The USAF delegate 3 presented a briefing on Women as Pilots in the Air Force.
- During September 2000, the US Air Force participated in a Search and Rescue committee meeting hosted by Argentina within the framework of SICOFAA. The US Air Force delegates participated in discussions on lessons learned from disaster relief operations, on combined search and rescue exercises and the planning for similar future exercises.
- During November 2000, the US Air Force participated in a Logistics Committee meeting hosted by Brazil within the framework of SICOFAA. The US Air Force presented an update briefing on the problems and deficiencies of the FMS system and provided a second briefing on the Internet-based Global Warehouse.
10-Ch. A high-level meeting on the special security concerns of small island states.
- Caribbean Nation Security Conference: SOUTHCOM annually sponsors a Defense Chief (CHOD) level meeting known as the Caribbean Nation Security Conference (CANSEC). It is held annually on a rotating basis among the nations of the Caribbean Basin, and was most recently held in Nassau, Bahamas 29 February - 2 March 2000. The emphasis of the conference was on SOUTHCOM engagement activities that have a particularly strong impact on the special security needs of small island nations including gathering support for the Caribbean Support Tender and enhancing the training value of Exercise Tradewinds.
- Caribbean Support Tender: The Caribbean Support Tender is an USCG vessel dedicated to the maritime training and maintenance needs of the Caribbean nations. It is an offshoot of the Bridgetown Summit of May 1997 and represents a substantial national investment in the special security needs of small island nations.
- Tradewinds: Exercise Tradewinds is historically rooted in connecting security shortfalls identified in the aftermath of Operation Urgent Fury in 1983, and is uniquely focused on Caribbean security needs. It is customarily coordinated by the Eastern Caribbean Regional Security System’s Central Liaison Office in Bridgetown Barbados, which has traditionally given the exercise a small island flavor.
- Eastern Caribbean Coast Guard Commander’s Conference: SOUTHCOM supports the U.S. Coast Guard’s semiannual Eastern Caribbean Coast Guard Commander’s Conference in which senior U.S. and host nation coast guard commanders review a broad range of Maritime security issues, and explore opportunities for cooperative approaches. This conference focuses on addressing regional threats, disaster preparedness, counter-drug operations, Exercise Tradewinds, information sharing initiatives, the Caribbean Support Tender, customs, legal, and maintenance issues. This conference was most recently held in May 2000 in Tobago and in September in Puerto Rico.
2-S. Extend to diplomatic training institutes, military academies, research centers, and universities the seminars, courses, and studies envisioned in the Declarations of Santiago and San Salvador on confidence- and security-building measures, disarmament, and other issues related to peace and hemispheric security, with participation in those activities by government, civilian, and military officials and by civil society.
- SOUTHCOM International Military Education and Training (IMET) Program provides professional military education, management-related training, post graduate/degree training, flight training, technical training mobile training, teams, and in-country language laboratories. AOR nations participated in over 100 IMET funded schools that included: U.S. Army School of the Americas (now the Western Hemisphere Institute of Security Cooperation); the Inter-American Air Force Academy; the Naval Small Craft Instruction and Technical Training School; Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies. These schools are vital to achieving the requisite skills required to sustain, strengthen, and expand multilateral security cooperation in the hemisphere. A key element of the instruction is cost-effective training without the added expense of English language instruction.
3-S. Identify and carry out activities promoting cooperation among neighboring countries along their border regions.
- Central America Security Conference (CENTSEC): SOUTHCOM sponsors an annual meeting of the Chiefs of Defense from the seven nations of Central America known as the Central America Security Conference. It was most recently held at the SOUTHCOM Headquarters from 13-14 July 2000 with a focus on SOUTHCOM engagement activities that strengthen regional security cooperation in the areas of Humanitarian Assistance and Counter-drug Operations. CENTSEC also offers the Chiefs of Defense a neutral forum to discuss regional problems and to develop solutions. This informal contact has served to ease tensions which have risen from the numerous border conflicts in Central America.
7-S. Continue supporting the efforts of the small island states to address their special security concerns, including those of an economic, financial, and environmental nature, taking into consideration their vulnerability and level of development.
- The USAF participated in the Caribbean Long-Range Planning Conference in Antigua. Military chiefs of staff from CARICOM nations endorsed establishment of a regional organization -the Association of CARICOM Military Chiefs (ACMC) to facilitate coordinated military responses to drug trafficking other transnational threats and natural disasters.
- SOUTHCOM addresses environmental issues in several ways. The small island nations of the Caribbean are uniquely vulnerable to environmental problems in that a problem that would be manageable in a larger nation can be catastrophic in an island nation. SOUTHCOM sponsors exercises, including Tradewinds and Fuerzas Alliadas Humanitarian, that have emphasis on mitigating the results of hurricanes, volcanoes, and other credible regional environmental disasters. On a day-to-day basis during military phases of both land-based and maritime training phases, emphasis is placed on adhering to U.S. standards in pollution control and in training host nation forces to comply with advanced pollution control protocols.
- SOUTHCOM also stays cognizant of vital economic issues affecting the region, including U.S. - E.U. agricultural tariff disputes, the Caribbean Basin Initiatives, and OECD tax regime disputes.
Other Related Activities and Initiatives
- The US hosted the annual Conference of the Chiefs of the American Air Forces (Spanish acronym: CONJEFAMER) held in San Antonio, TX in 2000. CONJEFAMER is the annual SICOFAA air chiefs meeting designed to strengthen the relations and cooperation among western-hemisphere air forces. Agenda covered items forwarded from the SICOFAA, committees. Chiefs heard approve committee reports and gave guidance for the next cycle. Uruguay will host CONJEFAMER in May 2001. Guatemala will host in 2002. The US will host this conference again in 2003.
UNITED STATES
CP/CSH-383/01 add. 7
August 14, 2001
1-Ch. Gradual adoption of agreements regarding advance notice of military exercises.
- The U.S. conducted nearly three dozen bilateral and multilateral military exercises with other OAS member states during Fiscal Year 2000 (1 October 1999 - 30 September 2000). Details of United States Southern Command's exercise program were attached and appeared in the original document as Annex A.
- All U.S. Navy exercises with the navies of the Americas are coordinated and approved via an advanced notice process.
2-Ch. Exchange of information and participation of all member states in the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures
- On an annual basis, the United States has sent to the OAS Secretary General, the Committee on Hemispheric Security, and OAS member states a copy of the information conveyed by the United States to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the International Standardized Reporting of Military Expenditures. This data is provided in compliance with the exchange of information agreed on in the Santiago Declaration. The United States submission for calendar year 2000 of the United Nation Register of Conventional Arms was attached and appeared in the original document as Annex B.
3-Ch. Promotion of the development and exchange of information concerning defense policies and doctrines
- The U.S. annually transmits to the OAS and its member states a copy of the "Secretary of Defense's Annual Report to the President and the Congress.” This document includes information on the size, structure and capabilities of the U.S. Armed Forces, their deployment, and major military programs.
In addition, the U.S. conducted the following activities:
- The U.S. Navy holds navy-to-navy and operational naval committee meetings in which doctrine and policy are standard agenda items.
- The U.S. Air Force participated in the system of Cooperation Among American Air Forces (SICOFAA: Spanish acronym for "Sistema de Coperacion entre las Fuerzas Aereas Americanas") SICOFAA is an Inter-American Air Force organization that began in 1961.
- U.S. Army School of the Americas operated through December 15, 2000. It has been replaced by a new organization named the Western Hemisphere Institute of Security Cooperation that began operations in January 2001. In 2000, the U.S. Army School conducted a number of activities in support of this measure (see Annex D of the original document: “Annual Report on Agreements for the Exchange of Defense Personnel).
- Non-Commissioned Officer (NCO) Professional Military Development Subject Matter Expert Exchange 17 - 21 January 00. The United States Southern Command funded this activity in Bolivia to exchange ideas and information regarding the roles, missions, and standards of the Bolivian NCO Corps. The forum provided the opportunity to discuss the structure and development of -the professional military education system and its importance in producing a professional NCO Corps.
- Professional Military Development Orientation Visit to the Dominican Republic 18 - 23 January 00. The United States Southern Command funded this visit to conduct liaison with decision-making officials at the highest levels of the defense and security institutions of the region to familiarize them with the opportunities available at the School and exchange information on military education and professionalism.
- Human Rights Subject Matter Expert Exchange 22-26 February 00. The United States Southern Command funded this exchange between select faculty/staff of the School and human rights experts at the Inter-American Institute of Human Rights in Costa Rica. The visit provided a forum for the exchange of information and ideas in the following areas:
• The American Convention on Human Rights
• Human Rights instruction techniques and resource materials
• Current Human Rights leaders and potential lecturers
• The impact of regional constitutional law and political rights on human rights
• The Pact of San Jose
- Command and General Staff Officer Course Unified Command Orientation Visit 24.- 29 April 00. The United States Southern Command funded the visit of 62 officers from the School's premier course to Hurlburt Field and Eglin, Patrick, and MacDill Air Force Bases in order to familiarize the officers attending courses with the U.S. involvement in the counter-narcotic effort. The officers also visited Central Command and Special Operations Command in order to become familiar with the U.S. role in global commitments at the operational and strategic level.
- Human Rights Subject Matter Expert Exchange 30 April - 3 May 00. The United States Southern Command funded this exchange between select School faculty/staff members and human rights trainers in Bolivia. The visit provided a forum for the exchange of information and ideas on effective human rights training within the military environment.
- 10th LATAM Conference on Democracy and Security 27 - 31August 00. "The Armed Forces and Society" was a United States Southern Command-funded event that provided 62 field grade officers, 20 Western Hemisphere national security academicians and 3 senior officers with an in-depth look and productive dialogue on democracy, security, the armed forces, and society.
- Non-Commissioned Officer (NCO) Professional Military Development Subject Matter Expert Exchange 23 - 27 October 00. The United States Southern Command funded this activity in the Dominican Republic to exchange ideas and information regarding the roles, missions, and standards of the Dominican NCO Corps. The forum provided the opportunity to discuss the structure and development of the professional military education system and its importance in producing a professional NCO Corps.
- USARSA Human Rights Subject Matter Expert Exchange 6 - 10 November 00. The United States Southern Command funded an exchange between select School faculty/staff and human rights experts in Paraguay. The visit provided a forum for the exchange of information and ideas in the following areas:
• The American Convention on Human Rights
• Human rights instruction techniques and resource materials
• Current human rights leaders and potential lecturers
• The impact of regional constitutional law and political rights on human rights
- The United States participates actively in the Conference of the American Armies. The Conference consists of a two-year cycle of seminars and meetings with representatives from 18 member armies and culminates in the Commanders' Conference. The host is rotated among the member armies. The last Conference was held in La Paz, Bolivia, in November 1999, and the next is scheduled to be held in Santiago, Chile, in November 2001.
4-Ch. Consideration of a consultation process with a view to proceeding towards limitation and control of conventional weapons.
- During Fiscal Year 2000, the U.S. participated in bilateral working groups on defense and security issues with Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Mexico.
- The U.S. conducted a series of bilateral talks at the Joint Staff level with Argentina, Brazil, and Chile. These annual meetings, hosted in alternate years in the United States, focus on an exchange of ideas and issues including the development and training of the joint staff, regional security, and support to peacekeeping and disaster assistance operations.
5-Ch. Agreements on invitation of observers to military exercises, visits to military installations, arrangements for observing routine operations and exchange of civilian and military personnel for regular and advanced training.
- On April 6, 2000 at the Special OAS meeting on CSBMs, the United States announced to undertake an annual confidence building measure of inviting the Chairman of the Committee on Hemispheric Security to observe a multilateral military exercise conducted in the region. In May 200 1, the U.S. hosted Ambassador Ostria Trigo, Chairman of the Committee on Hemispheric Security, at the "Tradewinds" Exercise in the Caribbean.
In addition, the U.S. has the following to report:
- All of the navies of the Americas have a standing invitation to attend, observe, and participate in any U.S. Navy exercise.
- The U.S. Marine Corps hosted various visits to selected installations, which assisted visiting Latin American Marine Corps in reviewing U.S. Marine Corps recruiting, training, education, and operational capabilities. Among the countries that visited were Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, and Peru.
- As part of the U.S. Delegation's full participation at the Inter-American Defense Board and its routine activities in Washington, the U.S. hosted trips for the Chiefs of Delegations of the Board and for the students of the Inter-American Defense College to military installations throughout the United States.
6-Ch. Meetings and activities to prevent incidents and increase security for transport by land, sea, and air.
- The navies of the Americas participate in the Inter-American Naval Conference of Shipping to coordinate shipping at sea issues.
- During September 2000, the U.S. Air Force participated in a SICOFAA committee meeting hosted by Ecuador to discuss accident-prevention measures. The USAF provided a presentation on Operational Risk Management (ORM) programs.
- During November 2000, the U.S. Air Force participated in a SOFOFAA aeronautical medicine committee meeting hosted by Uruguay. The USAF presented briefings on medical service, global medical coverage "vision of the future," and the deployable international course on trauma training.
7-Ch. Cooperation programs in the event of natural disasters or to prevent such disasters, based on the request and authorization of the affected states.
- The Annual Report submitted by the Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance (USAID) is pending and will be submitted to the OAS in a separate report. The U.S. has sought to actively help in disaster mitigation and response throughout the region. Within the past two years, the U.S. through USAID has responded to flood, hurricane, earthquake and fire related disasters in Antigua and Barbuda, the Bahamas, Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Haiti Honduras, Nicaragua, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, Venezuela, and Paraguay.
- USAID's disaster management efforts are both long and short term. USAID engages in short-term response to humanitarian disasters by providing basic necessities to affected populations, while recognizing the importance of incorporating mitigation techniques into its response activity whenever possible. Mitigation techniques are designed to reduce the number of lives lost and amount of property damaged from natural and complex disasters.
- For example, USAID continues its involvement in coordinating the work of thirteen designated U.S. agencies in implementing $110 million of the U.S. Central America and Caribbean Disaster Recovery Fund, which responded to the 1998 Hurricanes Georges and Mitch. These funds support the work of government and non-governmental organizations of Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, and Haiti. Activities focus primarily -on economic recovery, transportation, public health, disaster mitigation, watershed management, housing, and schools. Striving to "build-back-better," the activities are premised on community participation and international donor coordination.
- U.S. efforts in Latin America and the Caribbean for mitigation falls within four broad areas:
1. Institutional Strengthening of Disaster Management Institutions: U.S. Government institutions such as AID, through Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA), embassies and Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) are providing assistance to the national emergency agencies in the following areas: a) assistance in designing and equipping Emergency Operation Centers (EOC); b) Capacity training of disaster management staff in EOC operations preparedness, response mitigation; c) providing technical assistance on the revision of legislation governing the operations and budgets for the national emergency management agencies so that they will have the resources and the coordination authority during times of disasters; and d) developing national emergency response plans.
2. Hazards Risk Reduction in local communities. The U.S. is working with a select number in communities in each country developing hazard risk maps that will be used by community leaders in planning of developments and design of infrastructure in the floodplains and areas vulnerable to landslides. Community leaders are trained in the use of this technology and how to keep it updated. FEMA is working in a number of communities introducing their "Project Impact" program that partners the public, private and CSO sector to work together identifying potential hazards to the communities, means for mitigating them, and preparedness activities.
3. Early warning flood, landslide, climatic warning system. U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) are working together to develop an early warning network by strategically placing stream gauges, and precipitation gauges/weather stations in key water sheds that will warn downstream communities of potential floods or landslides. NOAA is also upgrading the regional weather satellite downlinks and nodes throughout Central America so that meteorologists can better forecast weather patterns in the region.
4. Improved watershed management. USDA is working in select watershed areas in the hemisphere on soil conservation and agro-forestry activities with the community leaders and landowners to protect watershed. They are introducing new watershed management techniques that will not only increase production in critical watershed areas, but also protect it from further deterioration.
- During January-February 2001, the U.S. through the Department of Defense provided considerable humanitarian and humanitarian civic assistance to El Salvador to help its earthquake, recovery efforts: excess medical and disaster relief supplies ($800,000); excess property field hospital ($5.5 million); and accelerated previously programmed activities, including disaster preparedness programs, technical surveys, and disaster response warehouse restocking ($1.5 million). In addition, the Department accelerated foreign military sales/foreign military financing requirements for radio batteries and helicopter spare parts (955,000).
8-Ch. Development and establishment of communications among civilian or military authorities of neighboring countries in accordance with their border situation.
- The U.S. conducted humanitarian demining training in Central and South America in support of the OAS and the Inter-American Defense Board in order to assist in the development of a self sustaining humanitarian demining program.
- The United States has strongly supported the Peace Agreement between Ecuador and Peru signed in October 1998. As part of the Peace Agreement, both countries have committed themselves to improving the living standards and providing tangible development benefits to the population living in the border region. Toward this end, Peru and Ecuador developed a Binational Development Plan for the Border Region (the Binational Plan), which will require an investment of $3 billion over 10 years. To consolidate this peace process, the U.S. committed to the provision of $42 million ($20.5 for Peru and $21.5 for Ecuador) in assistance to support the Binational Plan for both countries over the period FY-99 thru FY-03. USAID was the first donor to initiate development activities in the border region, and both USAID/Peru and USAID/Ecuador have developed separate but coordinated and complimentary programs to support each country efforts. (See Also C of San Salvador measures).
9-Ch. Holding of seminars and courses, and studies on mutual confidence- and security-building measures and policies to promote confidence involving the participation of civilians and military personnel, and on the special security concerns of small island states.
- U.S. and hemispheric officers from the navies of the Americas regularly attend various service war colleges where confidence and security-building measures are discussed.
- The Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies (CHDS) has continued its academic programs tailored for the requirements of Latin American and Caribbean countries that stimulate both civilian and military thinking about defense policy and civil military relations and provide an understanding of defense decision-making and resource management in a democratic society. Details of country-by-country participation in CHDS programs during Fiscal Year 2000 was attached and appeared in the original document as Annex E.
In addition, the Center conducted the following activities:
- Seminar on Formulation of Defense Policy in a Democratic Society held 29 February - 4 March 2000. This on-site seminar was conducted in Guatemala. Its purpose was:
• To bridge the gap between civilian and military professionals engaged in managing defense establishments
• To open dialogue and discussion among participants of different nationalities
• To create a free exchange of ideas about the role of the defense establishments in the participating nations, the region and the hemisphere
• To develop rapport among participants that would support continued dialogue among them
• To have an impact on defense debate in each participating country
• To continue to dialogue among civilian and military policy makers
• The Seminar included guest speakers from Guatemala, Chile, Nicaragua, South Africa, Ecuador, and Argentina.
- Annual Conference on Education and Defense held 9 - 15 March 2000. The purpose of this seminar in Washington was to develop new thinking and consensus on defense education curricula and agenda in the Americas and to bridge the gap and promote dialogue between civilian and military professionals engaged in defense education, research and dialogue on defense issues in Latin America and the Caribbean. Participants included representatives from 34 nations in the hemisphere.
10-Ch. A high-level meeting on the special security concerns of small island states.
- The United States held the U.S. Coast Guard's semi-annual Eastern Caribbean Coast Guard Commander's Conference in which senior U.S. and regional coast guard commanders review a broad range of maritime security issues and explore opportunities for cooperative approaches. Ibis conference focuses on addressing regional threats, disaster preparedness, counter drug operations, Exercise Tradewinds, information sharing initiatives, the Caribbean Support Tender, customs, legal, and maintenance issues. This conference -was most recently held in May 2000 in Tobago and in September 2000 in Puerto Rico.
- The United States - Southern Command annually sponsor s a Chief of Defense-level meeting known as the Caribbean Nation Security Conference. It is held annually on a rotating basis among the nations of the Caribbean Basis and was most recently held in Nassau, Bahamas, 29 February - 2 March 2000. The emphasis of the conference was on Southern Command's engagement activities that have a particularly strong impact on the special security needs of small island nations.
11-Ch. Programs of education for peace.
- U.S. and hemispheric officers from the navies of the Americas regularly attend various service war colleges where confidence and security-building measures are discussed.
- During FY 2000, the Department of Defense hosted civilian and military officials from 32 countries of the hemisphere under the International Military Education and Training Program. Training valued at $9.890 million was provided to 2,684 students. (The Joint Report to Congress on Foreign Military Training and DOD Engagement Activities was attached and appeared in the original document as see Annex C)
- Attached at Amex C is an extract of a Department of State Department of Defense Joint Report to Congress on Foreign Military Training and DoD Engagement Activities of Interest in Fiscal Years 2000 and 2001 which, among other things, contains country-by-country details on the IMET program in the Hemisphere.
- In addition to the information contained in Annex C of the original document, an extract of the Department of Defense's Annual Report on Agreements for the Exchange of Defense Personnel between the United States and Foreign Countries, Fiscal Year 2000, at Annex D of the original document provides country-by-country details of personnel exchange programs in the Hemisphere.
1-S. Encourage contact and cooperation among legislators on confidence-building measures and on matters of peace and hemispheric security, including conferences, the exchange of visits, and a meeting of parliamentarians, in order to strengthen this process.
- U.S. fostered the adoption of the OAS General Assembly Resolution 1643 that called for a meeting of parliamentarians to discuss CSBMs. The OAS held this meeting on March 31, 2000.
2-S. Extend to diplomatic training institutes, military academies, research centers, and universities the seminars, courses, and studies envisioned in the Declarations of Santiago and San Salvador on confidence- and security-building measures, disarmament, and other issues related to peace and hemispheric security, with participation in those activities by government, civilian, and military officials and by civil society.
- U.S. and hemispheric officers from the navies of the Americas regularly attend various service war colleges where confidence and security-building measures are discussed.
- Students from -Argentina, Bahamas, Belize, Brazil, Bolivia, Guyana, Honduras, and Mexico attended various U.S. Marine Corps professional military education programs. Among courses attended were the Basic Officer Course, Amphibious Warfare -School, and Command and Staff.
3-S. Identify and carry out activities promoting cooperation among neighboring countries along their border regions.
- The Army Border Commanders' Conference is an informal gathering that meets annually and- is hosted on a rotating basis by the U.S. Army and its Mexican counterpart to foster trust and encourage cooperation on army-to-army issues along the U.S. Mexican border. U.S. delegates include the Fifth Army Commander, the Adjutants General from bordering states, and other senior U.S. Army and Department of Defense officials. The most recent meeting was held in June 2000, and the next is scheduled for May 2001.
- The Fifth Army Inter-American Relations Program is an annual weeklong event sponsored by the U.S. Fifth Army to allow Mexican generals and colonels the opportunity to visit U.S. Army installations in the United States. The program provides a venue to maintain contact among the senior army leaders of the two neighboring countries. The most recent event was held in May 2000, and the next is scheduled for May 2001.
- The United States Southern Command sponsors an annual meeting of the Chiefs of Defense from the seven nations of Central America known as the Central America Security Conference. It was most recently held at the Southern Command's Headquarters in Miami from 13 - 14 July 2000 with a focus on the Command's engagement activities that strengthen regional security cooperation in the areas of Humanitarian Assistance and Counter-drug Operations. The meeting also offers the Chiefs of Defense a neutral forum to discuss regional problems and to develop solutions. This informal contact has served to ease tensions which have risen from the numerous border conflicts in Central America.
- The U.S. conducted humanitarian demining training in Central and South America in support of the OAS and the Inter-American Defense Board in order to assist in the development of a multinational, self-sustaining humanitarian demining program.
4-S. Promote the exchange of information, inter alia, through the publication of books on defense or official documents, as appropriate, permitting greater transparency with respect to the defense policies of each country, and on the organization, structure, size, and composition of the armed forces.
- See measure 3-Ch. (Promotion of the development and exchange of information concerning defense policies and doctrines) of Santiago CSBMs.
6-S. Develop a cooperation program to address the concerns raised by maritime transport of nuclear and other waste, and to cooperate and coordinate in the relevant international fora to strengthen standards governing such transport and its safety.
- In follow-up with the New Orleans Ministerial's cooperative program to address the transportation of nuclear waste, the U.S. has approached other nations engaging in the transportation of nuclear waste and encouraged them to fully comply with the new international standards of safety governing the transport of such goods.
- This issue is discussed at the biennial Inter-American Naval Conference of Shipping.
7-S. Continue supporting the efforts of the small island states to address their special security concerns, including those of an economic, financial, and environmental nature, taking into consideration their vulnerability and level of development.
- The United States Southern Command addresses environmental issues in several ways. The Command sponsors exercises, including Tradewinds and Fuertzas Alliades Humanitarian, that have emphasis on mitigating the results of hurricanes, volcanoes, and other credible regional environmental disasters. On a day to day basis during military phases of both land-based and maritime training phases, emphasis is placed on adhering to U.S. standards in pollution control and in training host nation forces to comply with advanced pollution control protocols.
- In 2000, the U.S. through the USAID launched a 5-year, $30 million Caribbean Regional Program (CRP), which builds upon, in part, a recently completed 3 -year program. CRP' directs support to the countries of the Eastern Caribbean; specifically the Winward Islands -- St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Grenada, and Dominica. A large portion CRP assistance targets economic growth, poverty reduction and environmental management; hence, CRP assistance fortifies economic, financial and environmental security in these countries.
- In the area of economic/financial factors, the U.S. through USAID has sought to increase trade capacity, employment, and diversification into nontraditional activities to assist those who are directly displaced by economic restructuring as well as the populations as a whole in the Caribbean.
• USAID has also supported trade reform and integration by strengthening CARICOMs Regional Negotiation Machinpry to effectively participate in negotiations toward the developed and establish of trade regimes that are compatible with FTAA and WTO requirements.
• USAID has provided technical -assistance to increase production of diversified goods and services to improve competitiveness of export-oriented small and medium enterprise.
• USAID also assists economic growth in small economies, through Telecommunication Modernization and Informatics, such as providing technical assistance to support legislative analysis and reform, developing community telecenters; and continuing the successes derived from the USAID-supported establishment of an internet-based network for CARICOM trade ministers--the "Virtual Secretariat".
• USAID is also planning to sponsor future workshops to address financial sector issues such as countries' "harmful tax" issues.
- In the environmental area, the U.S. thorough USAID strives to improve environmental management by both public and private sector entities.
• This environment assistance has three objectives: 1) to protect ecosystems that underwrite tourism and growth and the high potential economic diversification; 2) to address coastal environmental problems; and 3) to reduce land-based sources of coastal and marine pollution. These objectives are addressed by increasing access to best environmental practices, providing technical assistance for the implementation of improved environmental policies and strengthening compliance measures and organization capacity to finance environmental improvements.
• For example, USAID shares lessons learned for program interventions in sustainable tourism and environmental management and works with private national and regional tourism interests, environmental agencies, resources user groups and other donors in selected communities to create market strategies for and manage the Caribbean's first sustainable tourism destinations.
• USAID has been working the Caribbean Tourism Organization, Natural Resources Management Unit, the Caribbean Environmental Health Institute, and others to strengthen environment/trade policies and increase the capacity of the region for strategic management of the tourism sector. USAID is helping to develop a financial strategy to support the Cartagena Convention on Land Based Sources of Pollution.
8-S. Improve and broaden the information submitted by the member states to the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, so as to enhance the Hemisphere's contribution to pursuing the aims of that register, in compliance with the relevant resolutions of the UN General Assembly.
- In addition to data on imports and exports, the U.S. provides additional background information on military holdings and procurement through national production to the UN Register of Conventional Arms. (The U.S. Southern Command FY 2000 Multilateral Exercise Schedule was attached and appeared in the original document as Annex B.)
9-S. Continue consultations and the exchange of ideas within the Hemisphere to advance the limitation and control of conventional weapons in the region.
- During Fiscal Year 2000, the U.S. participated in bilateral working groups on defense and security issues with, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Mexico.
- The U.S. conducted a series of bilateral talks at the Joint Staff level with Argentina, Brazil, and Chile. These annual meetings, hosted in alternate years in the United States, focus on an exchange of ideas and issues including the development and training of the joint staff, regional security, and support to peacekeeping and disaster assistance operations.
Other Related Activities And Initiatives
- The U.S. Navy's ongoing exercise and engagement programs at all levels contribute to the overall CSBMs program.
- U.S. Marine Corps general officers hosted counterparts from Chile, Colombia, Venezuela, and Mexico for discussions on developing other training opportunities to assist in solidifying professional relationships between the Services.
GUATEMALA
Guatemala has presented the following report to the IADB for inclusion in the inventory of confidence- and security-building measures applied by member states of the OAS.
April 2, 2001
REPORT PRESENTED TO THE IADB
5-Ch. Agreements on invitation of observers to military exercises, visits to military installations, arrangements for observing routine operations and exchange of civilian and military personnel for regular and advanced training.
- Participation in the Mayan Jaguar exercise in the United States. May 23-29, 2000.
- The representative of Honduras to the CFAC, Staff Colonel of Infantry Raúl Edgardo Estrada Guzmán, reported that, as part of the annual program of activities, the Army of Honduras carried out an on-site exercise on Tapaire Hill (9080) between the cities of Marcos de Colón and Choluteca, 38 kms from the border with the neighboring Republic of Nicaragua, in which the units comprising the 101st Infantry Brigade participated. Honduras, Nicaragua, and Guatemala participated. November 2000.
- The Commanding Officer of the Second Infantry Brigade, with headquarters at Santa Ana, El Salvador, the Commanding Officer of Detachment No. 7 of Ahuachapan, El Salvador, and the Deputy Superintendent of the delegation from El Salvador's National Civil Police participated in the protocolary acts for the celebration of Guatemalan Army Day. June 30, 2000.
- Personnel of Military Zone No. 10, Jutiapa, Guatemala participated in a regional ceremony introducing the humanitarian rescue unit at Ilopango Military Base in the Republic of El Salvador. May 24, 2000.
- Personnel from the General Felipe Cruz Parachute Troop Military Base, accompanied by United States military group officers and Soto Cano Base officers (Honduras), and an Embassy of Panama official paid a courtesy visit to this base. Guatemala, United States, and Panama participated. August 31, 2000.
- The Association of Military, Naval, and Air Attachés (Guatemala and represented countries) visited:
• The Adolfo V. Hall Central Institute, Guatemala City. February 11, 2000.
• Military Zone No. 1316, Suchitepequez, the Southern Air Base and Military Aviation School, Retalhuleu. March 17–19, 2000.
• The Polytechnic School, San Juan Sacatepequez. April 5, 2000.
• The Military Studies Center, Guatemala City. May 12, 2000.
• The Guatemalan Air Force, Guatemala City. June 16, 2000.
- Members of the Armed Forces of Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua participated in a meeting with representatives of the Conference of Central American Armed Forces (CFAC). February 8-12, 2000.
- Members of the Armed Forces of Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua participated in the meeting of representatives of the Conference of Central American Armed Forces (CFAC). February 14-18, 2000.
- Members of the Armed Forces of Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua participated in the specialized civilian affairs activity. March 6-7, 2000.
- Members of the Armed Forces of El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua participated in the meeting of the Executive Committee of the Conference of Central American Armed Forces (CFAC). March 20–21, 2000.
- Members of the Armed Forces of El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua participated in the meeting with representatives of the Conference of Central American Armed Forces (CFAC). April 5–9, 2000.
- Members of the Armed Forces of Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua participated in the celebration of the anniversary of the Armed Forces of El Salvador. May 7, 2000.
- Members of the Armed Forces of Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua participated in the meeting of the Supreme Council of the Conference of Central American Armed Forces (CFAC). May 17-19, 2000.
- Members of the Armed Forces of Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua participated in a regional activity establishing the CFAC humanitarian rescue unit. May 18, 2000.
- Members of the Armed Forces of Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua participated in a meeting of Supreme Council of the Conference of Central American Armed Forces (CFAC). May 15-19, 2000.
- Naval Staff Captain José Oliverio Ruiz Flores, Commanding Officer of the Naval Base of the Atlantic and Commander Luis Monterroso de la Mora, Intelligence Officer of the Naval Base of the Pacific participated in the Inter-American Naval Intelligence Conference. Guatemala and participating countries. June 11-16, 2000.
- Members of the Armed Forces of Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua participated in a specialized civilian affairs activity. June 2–3, 2000.
- Members of the Armed Forces of Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua participated in a specialized intelligence activity. June 24-25, 2000.
- Members of the Armed Forces of Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua participated in a meeting of the Conference of Central American Armed Forces (CFAC). June 12-16, 2000.
- Members of the Armed Forces of Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua participated in a specialized CFAC air force activity. June 21-22, 2000.
- Members of the Armed Forces of Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua participated in the celebration of the anniversary of the Army of Guatemala. June 30, 2000.
- Members of the Armed Forces of Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua participated in a meeting with the Conference of Central American Armed Forces (CFAC). August 16-20, 2000.
- Members of the Armed Forces of Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua participated in a specialized air force activity. August 23-26, 2000.
- Members of the Armed Forces of Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras participated in the celebration of the anniversary of the Armed Forces of Nicaragua. September 2, 2000.
- Members of the Armed Forces of Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua participated in the Third CFAC Specialized Intelligence Meeting. September 20-21, 2000.
- Members of the Armed Forces of Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras participated in the meeting of the Executive Committee of the Conference of Central American Armed Forces (CFAC). September 27, 2000.
- Members of the Armed Forces of Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua participated in the meeting of the Supreme Council of the Conference of Central American Armed Forces (CFAC). October 25-29, 2000.
- Personnel from Guatemalan Army headquarters visited the US Army's Fort Polk in Louisiana for a military police training exchange. April 20-May 7, 2000.
- Military personnel from Fort Polk, Louisiana, United States participated in a military police training exchange at Guatemalan Army headquarters. April 20-May 7, 2000.
- Senior officers, junior staff, and specialists from the General Felipe Cruz Parachute Troop Military Base participated in a multinational jumping and disaster support exchange in Soto Cano, Honduras. March 12-16, 2000.
- Military personnel from the Naval Base of the Pacific participated in the twentieth international symposium on marine turtle biology and conservation, held in Orlando Florida, United States. February 25-March 6, 2000.
- Personnel from the Naval Base of the Atlantic participated in the meeting on the "Environmental Efficiency of Maritime Transport Operations in the Gulf of Honduras" project (TC-99-12-00-0), developed for the regional "Proarca Costas" program. February 9, 2000.
- Members of the Armed Forces of Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua participated in military education activities. May 26-28, 2000.
- The Military Health Service participated in the inauguration of CFAC humanitarian activities, with the participation of five specialists from the Service, in San Salvador. El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua also participated. May 24-June 2, 2000.
- Members of the Armed Forces of Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua participated in military education activities. May 29, 2000.
- Members of the Armed Forces of Guatemala, El Salvador, and Nicaragua participated in military education activities. August 7, 2000.
- A civilian affairs official of Military Zone No. 10 met with educational authorities of Guatemala and El Salvador to coordinate in connection with the Central American Torch for Peace event. August 11, 2000.
- Working meeting on the "Healthy Borders" project, with the participation of health and local authorities of Santa Ana and Ahuachapan, El Salvador and of Jutiapa Department. September 9, 2000.
- Military personnel from Military Zone No. 23, Santa Elena, Peten and U.S. Army military personnel visited various communities in Peten Department that will benefit from the "New Horizons" project. April 2000.
- Military personnel from Military Zone No. 6, Puerto Barrios; Office of the Attorney General and Department of Narcotics Operations (DOAN) staff; and U.S. Army personnel conducted exercises with U.S. helicopters in operation Mayan Jaguar to detect, intercept, eradicate, and destroy marijuana and poppy plantations and drug shipments on the borders between Peten Department, Río Dulce, Lake Izabal, and Amatique Bay. May 22-28, 2000.
- Members of the Armed Forces of Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras participated in the meeting on mine-clearing. April 12-13, 2000.
- Members of the Armed Forces of Guatemala, El Salvador, and Nicaragua participated in the meeting on mine-clearing of the Conference of Central American Armed Forces (CFAC). September 21-24, 2000.
- MINUGUA, human rights, and Military Zone No. 22, Playa Grande personnel participated in the presentation of the tenth report of the UN Secretary General on compliance with the Comprehensive Agreement on Human Rights. January 20, 2000.
- Ministry of National Defense, delegates from the Organization of American States, nongovernmental organizations and government agencies, the Ixcan, Quiche cooperative and the population in general participated in the completion of mine-clearing operations carried out by the mission for mine-clearing in Central America (MARMINCA) in the town of Ixcan, Quiche. January 7-27, 2000.
- Members of the Armed Forces of Guatemala, El Salvador, and Nicaragua participated in a specialized peacekeeping activity. August 10-11, 2000.
- Army headquarters personnel provided security and transit control services in the area surrounding the Hotel Marriott on the occasion of the visit to Guatemala of the Commanding Officers of the Corps of Military Engineers of Central America, Panama, and the United States, who participated in the first seminar of Central American military engineers. July 19, 2000.
- Army headquarters personnel provided security and transit control services in the area surrounding the Hotel Radisson on the occasion of the visit to Guatemala of official delegations from the Republics of El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua, who attended the second CFAC specialized military education/training activity. May 2000.
- Army headquarters personnel supported the civilian security forces by providing security services in the area surrounding the Hotel Camino Real on the occasion of the visit to Guatemala of the ministers of defense and cadets of the Republics of El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Mexico.
7-Ch. Cooperation programs in the event of natural disasters or to prevent such disasters, based on the request and authorization of the affected states.
- Civilian affairs company personnel of Military Zone No. 20, el Quiche, of the Army of Guatemala participated in the workshop on preparation of disaster plans, given by the National Office for Disaster Reduction (CONRED). May 9, 2000.
8-Ch. Development and establishment of communications among civilian or military authorities of neighboring countries in accordance with their border situation.
- Exchange of military patrol schedules with Belize. November 8, 2000.
- Exchange of military attachés with Belize. November 8, 2000.
- Regular contact between battalion commanders of the Belize Defense Forces and the Guatemalan Army. November 8, 2000.
- Guatemala and Belize decided to issue common identity documents for persons living in the border area in order to protect human rights and not discriminate on the basis of ethnicity or national origin. November 8, 2000.
- Guatemala and Belize agreed to provide provisional legal land tenure security. November 8, 2000.
- Guatemala and Belize agreed to harmonize their use of maps through identification of source and scale. November 8, 2000.
- Guatemala and Belize agreed on the designation of fact-finding committees. November 8, 2000.
- A telecommunications exercise was developed for the integrated American Armies communications system (SICOMEA) radio network to check the integration and operation of competent SICOMEA radio stations as an optional or alternative means of communication for network member armies and to promote the treatment of matters of common interest to the organization through exchange of Conference of American Armies documents. December 4-7, 2000.
9-Ch. Holding of seminars and courses, and studies on mutual confidence- and security-building measures and policies to promote confidence involving the participation of civilians and military personnel, and on the special security concerns of small island states.
- Through the Embassy of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in Guatemala, coordinated by its defense attaché office, English courses at basic, intermediate, and advanced level were given to officers, specialists, and troops of the Guatemalan Army. January-December 2000.
- Personnel from Military Zone No. 21, COBAN, of the Guatemalan Army participated in the forest firefighters course given by National Forestry Institute (INAB). April 7, 2000.
GUYANA
Guyana has presented the following report to the IADB for inclusion in the inventory of confidence- and security-building measures applied by member states of the OAS.
REPORT
9-Ch. Holding of seminars and courses, and studies on mutual confidence- and security-building measures and policies to promote confidence involving the participation of civilians and military personnel, and on the special security concerns of small island states.
- International Officers Amphibious Search and Rescue Course in San Diego, California USA. Duration 82 days. Attended by 1 Junior Officer. The GDF Coast Guard is now is better equipped to conduct Search and Rescue Operations.
- Caribbean Information Sharing Network Technical Group Meeting in Miami, USA. Duration of 3 days. Attended by 1 Senior and 1 Junior Officer. This is an ongoing project that is aimed at developing an Information Sharing Network among Caribbean Territories and the US SOUTHCOM.
- An Epidemiological Seminar in Miami USA. Lasted 7 days. Attended by 2 Junior Officers. This seminar has trained two senior medical personnel of the GDF to provide better service to both the GDF and the nation.
- Conference for coordinating activities related to EXERCISE TRADEWINDS in 1999 in Barbados. Lasted 3 days. Attended by 1 Senior Officer. The conference was beneficial in that it was used to coordinate activities related to EXERCISE TRADEWINDS 1999. The Exercise was aimed at disaster preparedness (both natural and man made) and the eradication of illegal drugs in the Caribbean.
- The Fifth Regional Meeting of Military Exchange and Intelligence in Boa Vista, Brazil. Lasted 3 days. Attended by 2 Senior and 2 Junior Officers. This meeting was vital in that it ensured that the mechanism was put in place for both countries to access information pertaining to trans border threats, such as the Illegal Arms Trade, Cattle Rustling, Illegal Mining, Illegal Drug Trade and Wildlife Poaching.
- The US Reserve Component Forces conducted Ex New in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic for 5 days. 3 Junior Officers attended. The Engineering and Medical personnel who attended the Exercise are now in a better position to serve both the GDF and Guyana.
- A Drug Enforcement Administration Course of 6 days at the El Paso Intelligence Centre, El Paso, Texas, USA. 1 Senior Officer attended. This course provided a forum to discuss, plan and coordinate both defence and security issues as it relates to the Illegal Drug Trade in this hemisphere.
- Planning Conference for Peace-keeping operations in Kingston, Jamaica. Lasted 5 days, and 1 Senior Officer attended. This conference was beneficial in that it served to remind both the GDF and Guyana about the rights of the individual.
- The Engineering Officer Peace-keeping Operations Course in Halifax, Canada. It lasted 15 days, and 1 Junior Officer attended. This course has benefited both the GDF and Guyana by making us aware of the International Conventions that exist and that Guyana has signed and satisfied but does not always implement.
- Guide to the Guyana Able Disable Athletics Club team during the New York Marathon in the USA that lasted 12 days. 1 Lance Corporal attended. This soldier was able to both benefit and serve his country as the guide to the Guyanese disabled athletes who were mainly civilians.
HONDURAS
Honduras has presented the following report to the IADB for inclusion in the inventory of confidence- and security-building measures applied by member states of the OAS.
April 13, 2001
REPORT PRESENTED TO THE IADB[6]/
3-Ch. Promotion of the development and exchange of information concerning defense policies and doctrines.
- Working meeting between the Foreign Ministers of Honduras and Nicaragua and their accompanying delegations, with the OAS Special Representative, Mr. Luigi Einaudi, in San Salvador, El Salvador, on February 6-7, 2000. The General Commander of the Honduran Navy, Naval Staff Captain Rolando González Flores, also attended.
- Working meeting between the Foreign Ministers of Honduras and Nicaragua and their accompanying delegations, with the OAS Special Representative, Luigi Einaudi, Washington D.C., March 7-12, 2000. The General Commander of the Honduran Navy also attended.
- 10th meeting of the CFAC Executive Committee, held in El Salvador. Attended by El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala; March 20-21, 2000. It was attended by the Assistant Head of the EMC, Infantry Col. Julián Aristides González Irias.
- Meeting of the Head of the Joint Chiefs of Staff of the Honduran Armed Forces and his staff with the Commander in Chief of the Nicaraguan Army and his staff, June 23, 2000. The meeting was held at Las Manos customs station.
- 5th conference of directors of intelligence agencies from Central America and Panama, called for by China and held in San José, Costa Rica. Honduras, Guatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, and China attended; July 25, 2000. Staff Infantry Col. Jorge Alberto Rodas Gamero attended.
- 1st Specialized Conference on civilian matters and military lawyers, among the armies of the American nations, August 5-12, 2000. Attended by the army staff of the host country, Honduras; held in San Pedro Sula.
- Meeting of heads of the armed forces of Central America, Panama, Belize, and a delegation from the USAF. Honduras, Panama, Belize, USA, Guatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua participated; Sept. 25-27, 2000. Participants: Aviac. Col. José A. San Martin Flores, Aviac. Col. Gerardo E. Carvajal Midence, Aviac. Col. Santos Valladares Zavala.
- Conference of the First Specialized Logistics Activity of the C-FAC, in Nicaragua; attended by El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, and Nicaragua, Sept. 26-27, 2000. Staff Inf. Col. Francisco Caballero Cardona attended.
- 6th meeting of the Executive Committee of C-FAC, held in Guatemala, October 14-15, 2000; the participants were El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, and Nicaragua. It was attended by the Assistant Head of the EMC, Staff Inf. Col. Julian Aristides Gonzales Irias.
- 6th meeting of the CFAC Supreme Council, held in El Salvador; attended by El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, and Nicaragua; Nov. 22-25, 2000. The Secretary of National Defense and the Head of the Joint Chiefs of Staff attended.
- Meeting of American Air Force Commanders (midlevel CONJEFAMER), in the USA. Several countries attended; Nov. 23-25, 2000. Participants: Aviac. Col. Gerardo E. Carbajal Midence, Aviac. Maj. German Antonio Valle Aguilar.
4-Ch. Consideration of a Consultation Process with a View to Proceeding towards Limitation and Control of Conventional Weapons.
- Humanitarian demining operations in Honduras, September 2000. Demining operations continue, under the supervision of Marminca military observers.
- Destruction of stockpiled antipersonnel mines, in accordance with the Ottawa Convention as signed by the Honduran government in 1998, between Oct. 30 and Nov. 2, 2000. The destruction of the stockpiled mines was duly witnessed by the OAS representative in Honduras, military observers from Marminca, and program officials.
- Report to the C-FAC member countries on the destruction of stockpiled antipersonnel mines, Honduras, Nov. 2-5, 2000. 7,441 antipersonnel mines were destroyed.
5-Ch. Agreements on Invitation of Observers to Military Exercises, Visits to Military Installations, Arrangements for Observing Routine Operations and Exchange of Civilian and Military Personnel for Regular and Advanced Training.
- Naval staff course at Newport, R.I, Virginia, USA. Attended by one naval officer, January 10 to June 16, 2000.
- Command and staff course at Fort Benning, Georgia. One naval officer attended, from Jan. 10 to Dec. 14, 2000.
- International navigation course, England. January 10 to March 15, 2000.
- Central American regatta competition, in San Salvador, El Salvador. Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador participated. January 15-16, 2000. One officer and seven sailors from Honduras participated.
- IAAFA administration and logistics course, in the USA, Feb. 12 to Apr. 20, 2000. Two naval officers participated.
- Leadership development course for cadets at Fort Benning, Georgia, USA. Officers from the XXXVI (10) 2nd Lt. of the XXXVI Class attended; February 14 to March 13, 2000.
- 9th meeting of representatives, held in El Salvador. Honduras, Guatemala, and Nicaragua attended; February 15-16, 2000. Staff Inf. Col. Raúl Edgardo Estrada Guzman attended.
- Humanitarian assistance exercise for natural disasters and parachute jump, involving the Central American nations and the USA, February 25 to March 15, 2000.
- Basic electricity course, Camp Lejeune, United States. One officer attended, February 27 to August 18, 2000.
- Search and rescue course, Yorktown, Virginia, USA. A naval officer attended, March 1-12, 2000.
- Seminar of the working group for reforming the armed forces' military legal system, held in Puerto Rico, March 9-15, 2000. Military Justice Maj. Jorge Miguel Pavón Guerrero attended.
- Latin American regatta competition, qualifying rounds for the Olympics in Sydney, Australia; held in Mexico City, March 10-26, 2000. Two naval officers and seven sailors participated.
- Multinational humanitarian assistance jump for natural disasters. Honduras, El Salvador, Guatemala, and the USA participated; March 12-16, 2000. Held in the 2nd BIAT.
- Training exchange between Honduras, Puerto Rico, and the USA; March 14-18, 2000. Staff Inf. Col. Luis Alonso Maldonado Gales attended.
- International defense procurement course, Spain; March 20 to April 13, 2000. Staff Inf. Col. Carlos Alberto Andino Benitez attended.
- International course on organized crime, called for by Spain, held in Nicaragua. Honduras, Guatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, and China; March 27-31, 2000. Staff Inf. Col. Jorge Alberto Rodas Gamero and Staff Inf. Lt. Col. Oscar Alfredo Flores Barahona attended.
- 20th Latin American Naval Conference; Cartagena de Indias, Colombia, March 27-31, 2000. The General Commander of the Navy and one senior officer attended.
- Legal knowledge exchange seminar, with members of the U.S. Air Force and a USAF legal advisor; April 1-11, 2000, at the Pentagon, USA. Military Justice Maj. Jorge Miguel Pavón Guerrero attended.
- Special visit to the supply training center, Fort Bragg, North Carolina, USA, April 10-14, 2000. One senior naval officer attended.
- Special visit to the Navy Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, USA; April 24-28, 2000. Three senior naval officers participated.
- Basic electronics, IAAFA, in the USA; May 1 to Dec. 15, 2000. One naval officer participated.
- Visit to Fort Santiago, Puerto Rico, May 4-7, 2000. Staff Inf. Col. Luis Alonso Maldonado Galeas attended.
- 4th meeting of the technical committee, convened by China, held in San José, Costa Rica. Honduras, Guatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, and China participated, in May 2000. Staff Inf. Lt. Col. Oscar Alfredo Flores Barahona attended.
- Special visit to the U.S. Coast Guard Operational and Logistics Group and to the SIMA naval maintenance center in Norfolk, Virginia, USA; May 15-19, 2000. Three naval officers participated.
- Conference for Central American patrol boat commanders, San José, Costa Rica. All the nations of Central America participated, May 16-20, 2000. Four naval officers attended.
- Training exchange with the National Guard of Puerto Rico, May 28, 2000. 31 members of the Puerto Rico National Guard participated.
- 2nd Specialized Military Education Activity, held in Guatemala. El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, and Nicaragua participated; May 29 to June 2, 2000. Honduras's Director of Doctrine and Head of the Doctrine Department attended.
- Visit to the Argentine Joint Training Center for Peace Operations. May 30 to June 3, 2000. The head of the Org. Ops. & Admin. Dept. (E-3), Staff Art. Col. Humberto Cabrera Rodriguez, attended.
- Visit to the United States, May 30, June 20, 2000. Staff Signals Col. Jose Isaias Barahona Herrera attended.
- Basic supply course, Athens, Georgia, United States. Several Latin American countries attended; June 1 to August 12, 2000. One naval officer participated.
- Training exchange with Puerto Rico, June 4-17, 2000. A platoon from the Honduran Army, comprising three officers and 50 rank-and-file (53 in total) attended.
- Operation Blue Lightning, with Honduran and U.S. troops; June 14-27, 2000. Participants: 224 U.S. troops and 198 Honduran troops.
- Basic naval intelligence course, in San Diego California, United States. Several Latin American countries attended; June 16 to August 15, 2000. One senior naval officer attended.
- Decorations meeting between officers of the 5th infantry battalion of the Honduran Army and Nicaraguan officers, June 20, 2000. Staff Inf. Lt. Col. Wilfredo Oliva Osorto attended.
- Meeting between the Central American Air Forces and the U.S. Air Force to fight trafficking in drugs, arms, and national relics in Central America, June 1-11, 2000. Military Justice Maj. Jorge Miguel Pavón Guerrero attended.
- Official visit to the supply training center, Fort Seward, Georgia, USA; June 26-30, 2000. One senior naval officer attended.
- Anniversary celebrations of the Guatemalan Army, June 30, 2000. Honduras's Undersecretary of National Defense and the Head of the Joint Chiefs of Staff attended.
- First war games for applying international law on armed conflicts. Several Central American and Caribbean nations participated, July 17-21, 2000. One naval officer participated.
- Meeting of CORHEE (Human Resources, Education, and Training Committee) between Canada and Honduras, July 24-28, 2000. Aviac. Col. Venancio Cervantes attended.
- Visit to the air section of the U.S. Coast Guard Service's 7th district; Miami, USA, June 26-29, 2000. One senior naval officer attended.
- 2nd Specialized Military Health Activity, held in Honduras. El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Guatemala, and the USA participated; August 7-9, 2000. It was organized by the Director of Military Health.
- 1st Specialized Operations Activity held in Honduras. El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Guatemala participated; August 10-11, 2000. The (C-3) organizer and Operations Chiefs participated.
- First Specialized Activity of the Central American Air Forces, August 23-25, 2000. Aviac. Col. José A. San Martin Flores attended.
- Operation SAR ARCADE (search and rescue) between Argentina and Honduras, Sept. 4-8, 2000. Aviac. Lt. Col. Ramon Lanza Duarte participated.
- Visit to Fort Leonar and Fort Belvoir, USA, Sept. 9-16, 2000. Eng. Lt. Col. Herberth Bayardo Inestroza M. participated. Presentation by E.T.C. ALFA .
- 1st public affairs exchange between Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, USA, and Dominican Republic, Sept. 11-14, 2000. Staff Inf. Col. Gregorio Escobar Yanez, Aux. Lt. Santos Nolasco Guifarro, and Sub. Aux. Lt. Luisa Victoria Zelaya Castro attended.
- PREVAC meeting (accident prevention) between Ecuador and Honduras, Sept. 13-17, 2000. Aviac. Capt. Jorge Andrés Martínez Detari attended.
- 3rd specialized intelligence meeting held in Guatemala, attended by Honduras, Guatemala, El Salvador, and Nicaragua, Sept. 18-22, 2000. Staff Inf. Col. Jorge Alberto Rodas Gamero, and Staff Inf. Lt. Col. Bayardo Emilio Bustillo Cerrato attended.
- 11th meeting of representatives, held in El Salvador; El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala attended, Sept. 18-22, 2000. Staff Inf. Col. Raúl Edgardo Estrada Guzman attended.
- 3rd conference on military engineering held in Guatemala; El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala participated, Sept. 18-22, 2000. The (C-2) and the Head of the Intelligence Department attended.
- A conference on women in the Honduran Air Force was held and a delegation from El Salvador attended; Sept. 24, 2000. Aviac. Col. Alberto Ramiréz Matheu participated.
- Exercise by the Humanitarian and Rescue Unit UHR-CFAC, held in Nicaragua, with the participation of El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, Nicaragua, October 25-27, 2000. Seven officers participated: one major and six captains as the staff officers.
- 12th meeting of representatives, held in El Salvador, with the participation of Nicaragua, El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala, October 29 to November 2, 2000. Staff Inf. Col. Raúl Edgardo Estrada Guzman participated.
- Meeting of SITFFAA (Data Processing and Telecommunications Committee) in the USA; several countries participated, from October 10 to November 3, 2000. Signals Maj. Bernabe Avila Flores attended.
- 2nd Specialized Central American Naval Activity, held in Guatemala with the participation of El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, and Nicaragua, Nov. 8-9, 2000. The commanding officer of the Navy and FN-3 participated.
- Central American regatta championship, held in El Salvador, with the participation of several Central American nations, November 9-13, 2000. Eight sailors participated, representing the national squad.
- Orientation in the organization and implementation of logistics management methods, between Honduras and Puerto Rico, Nov. 12-18, 2000. Seven officers participated.
- Reconnaissance and planning for the 2001 New Horizons Exercise (Jan. 9 to May 10, 2001) between Honduras and the USA, during the year 2000. Exercise dedicated to improving roads, building schools, and medical brigades.
- New Horizons Exercises, involving Honduras and the USA, January 2 to May 30, 2001.
- Celebration of the CLXXV anniversary of the Honduran Army; Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, and Nicaragua participated, Dec. 11, 2000.
- Working meeting of the ADOC Committee, Military Law for Peace Operations, involving Canada, the USA, Guatemala, and Chile, Dec. 11-17, 2000. Participants: Staff Inf. Col. José Santos Reyes Argueta and Lt. Col. Julian Pacheco Tinoco (a qualified attorney).
- 1st Specialized Human Rights Activity, held in El Salvador. El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, and Nicaragua, Nov. 6-7, 2000. The Human Rights Director attended.
6-Ch. Meetings and activities to prevent incidents and increase security for transport by land, sea, and air.
- COVI (Illegal Flights Committee) between Peru and Honduras, Aug. 28 to Sept. 1, 2000. Aviac. Lt. Col. Ruis Pastor Landa attended.
7-Ch. Cooperation programs in the event of natural disasters or to prevent such disasters, based on the request and authorization of the affected states.
- A platoon was dispatched to El Salvador as a natural disaster force, May 23-24, 2000. Participants: 7 officers, 18 army troops, 4 navy troops, 3 air force troops (total 32).
- Participation by the Humanitarian and Rescue Unit UHR-CFAC, in El Salvador. El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, and Nicaragua were present; May 25, 2000. 26 troops from each member country participated.
8-Ch. Development and establishment of communications among civilian or military authorities of neighboring countries in accordance with their border situation.
- 2nd Specialized Activity of Central American Air Forces, held in Nicaragua. El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, and Nicaragua participated, June 21-22, 2000. The commanding officer of the Air Force and the Head of the Joint Chiefs of Staff attended.
9-Ch. Holding of seminars and courses, and studies on mutual confidence- and security-building measures and policies to promote confidence involving the participation of civilians and military personnel, and on the special security concerns of small island states.
- Seminar-workshop on protecting marine resources, held in San Salvador, El Salvador. Central American nations and Panama participated, July 26, 2000. The Head of the Navy Staff, Capt. Miguel Angel Silva attended.
- Conference on confidence-building measures, held in Honduras, October 11, 2000. A lecture was given to the 11th course of the National Defense College (CDN).
- Conference on confidence-building measures, held in Honduras, Nov. 7, 2000. A lecture was given to the command course and staff officers of the Officer Training School (EAO).
- 3rd Central American Military Forum for a culture of peace and nonviolence, held in Honduras. Participants: El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, and Nicaragua, Dec 12-13, 2000. Attended by ministers, commanding officers, EMC directors, directors of Honduran institutions of higher education, and the delegations of the CFAC member countries.
11-Ch. Programs of education for peace.
- Peace Exercises North 2000, among the nations of Central America and the Caribbean, August 15-30, 2000. The joint chiefs of staff participated. Held in Honduras, at the AMHGFM military academy.
- Mission as military observers with the UN in Western Sahara (MINURSO), January 5 to September 12, 2000. Since 1992 Honduras has been participating in UN peace missions.
3-S. Identify and carry out activities promoting cooperation among neighboring countries along their border regions.
- Joint maritime patrols between Honduras and Nicaragua, May 2, 2000. One naval officer and seven sailors were present.
MEXICO
Mexico has presented the following reports to the OAS for inclusion in the inventory of confidence- and security-building measures applied by member states of the OAS.
CP/CSH-237/99 add. 5 November 14, 2000
CP/CSH-327/00 November 14, 2000
CP/CSH-383/01 add.4 June 7, 2001
CP/CSH-390/01 add.1 June 7, 2001
CP/CSH-408/01 June 7, 2001
REPORTS
CP/CSH-237/99 add. 5
November 14, 2000
2-Ch. Exchange of information and participation of all member states in the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures.
- Mexico submitted a copy of the 1999 United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures.
MEXICO
CP/CSH-327/00
November 14, 2000
CP/CSH-383/01 add. 4
June 7, 2001
EXPLANATORY NOTE
The Government of Mexico sent a note reiterating the content of its February 25, 1997 note, OEA-0085, which was published and distributed as document CP/CSH-32/96 add. 5.
That document is reproduced below.
REPORT
CP/CSH-32/96 add. 5
March 12, 1997
1-Ch. Gradual Adoption of Agreements Regarding Advanced Notice of Military Exercises.
- The Government of Mexico does not conduct military exercises on a systematic basis. When such exercises have been conducted, the Mexican government has invited the military attaches accredited to Mexico.
2-Ch. Exchange of Information and Participation of All Member States in the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures.
- The Government of Mexico participates in both the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the United Nations Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditure. Copies of the reports for 1996 are attached.
- Mexico presented a copy of the standardized form for the reporting of international conventional weapons transfers, pertaining to the import and export of conventional weapons for 1996 and 1997, duly completed by the Mexican Secretariat of the Navy and Secretariat of Defense, respectively. It includes a table containing general information on 1997 stocks of war materiel (CP/CSH- 84/97 add. 3 and CP/CSH-84/97 add. 3-a).
- Presented the military spending budget for fiscal year 1997 (CP/CSH- 84/97 add. 3 and CP/CSH-84/97 add. 3-a).
- Transmitted reports on international conventional weapons transfers (pursuant to United Nations General Assembly resolution 46/36 L) pertaining to imports and exports during fiscal year 1998, completed by the Mexican Secretariat of the Navy and Secretariat of National Defense (CP/CSH-237/99, and CP/CSH-237/99 add. -a).
- Transmitted the instrument for the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures (actual expenditures at current prices) for the fiscal period 1/1/96 – 12/31/98. An annex contains the results of public policy design and implementation strategies (CP/CSH-237/99, CP/CSH-237/99 add. -a).
3-Ch. Promotion of the Development and Exchange of Information Concerning Defense Policies and Doctrines.
- Representatives of other countries in the Hemisphere participate in an exchange of information in the various military schools of Mexico.
- The law governing the structure of Mexico's Army, Air Force, and Navy clearly sets forth the central components of its national defense doctrines.
- The annual reports of the Secretariats of Defense and the Navy, which are public documents, specify the policies in which this doctrine is embodied.
4-Ch. Consideration of a Consultation Process with a View to Proceeding towards Limitation and Control of Conventional Weapons.
- The Government of Mexico has traditionally participated, and continues to participate, in numerous multilateral initiatives to advance conventional arms limitation and control - this in addition to the confidence-building measures set forth in the Declaration of Santiago. Noteworthy in that regard is its observance and promotion of the aims of the treaty on the prohibition of nuclear arms in Latin America and the Caribbean; its efforts to create a zone free of antipersonnel land mines in the Western Hemisphere; and the Mexican initiative adopted by the heads of state of the Rio Group at the Cochabamba Summit, the aim of which is to coordinate measures to prevent an arms race in Latin America and the Caribbean and define cooperative approaches to the control of illicit arms trafficking.
- In late 1996, in Cancun, Quintana Roo, the Government of Mexico held a meeting of Rio Group experts to consider a preliminary draft convention to prevent the illicit manufacture, trafficking, sale, and transfer of firearms, ammunition, and explosives. This effort will continue at another meeting to be held next March in Puerto de Ixtapa, in the State of Guerrero, Mexico. It is hoped that a draft convention can be concluded there for submission to the appropriate forum for final consideration and opening to signature and ratification.
5-Ch. Agreements on Invitation of Observers to Military Exercises, Visits to Military Installations, Arrangements for Observing Routine Operations and Exchange of Civilian and Military Personnel for Regular and Advanced Training.
- The military attachés accredited to Mexico are regularly invited to visit the military installations and teaching institutions of the Secretariat of Defense and Secretariat of the Navy, as well as to observe various activities conducted by the Armed Forces of Mexico.
- As part of the training program for civilian and military personnel, exchanges are arranged for students and instructors with various countries, such as Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Peru, and the United States.
7-Ch. Cooperation Programs in the Event of Natural Disasters or to Prevent such Disasters, Based on the Request and Authorization of the Affected States.
- The Government of Mexico conducts such activities through the National Civil Defense System, in which various government agencies and secretariats participate, including the Secretariats of Defense and the Navy. Mexican assistance in the event of disasters is provided through such a mechanism.
- With the support of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), and the Caribbean Disaster Emergency Response Agency (CDERA), the Government of Mexico organized a basic course on national mechanisms for the prevention of natural disasters, held from December 4 to 7, 1995, in Barbados, with the participation of 18 officials and specialists working in this area from 14 Caribbean countries.
- The Tuxtla II Action Plan, signed by the countries of Central America, includes a section concerning civil protection and disaster prevention and services.
- The Government of Mexico also signed an agreement with the United States Government on cooperation in the event of natural disasters.
8-Ch. Development and Establishment of Communications among Civilian or Military Authorities of Neighboring Countries in Accordance with their Border Situation.
- Mexico and the United States hold meetings of their border control commanders that address these and other matters.
- Communication between civilian authorities on border-related matters takes place between specialized mechanisms, such as the border and water control commissions at the northern and southern borders, as well as in the bilateral commissions with Mexico’s neighboring countries.
9-Ch. Holding of Seminars and Courses, and Studies on Mutual Confidence- and Security-building Measures and Policies to Promote Confidence Involving the Participation of Civilians and Military Personnel, and on the Special Security Concerns of Small Island States.
- The Matías Romero Institute of Diplomatic Studies of the Mexican Secretariat of Foreign Affairs organized the seminar "Mutual Confidence-Building Measures: Strategic Balance and Verification Processes," held from August 28 to 29, 1995, and attended by representatives of several countries in the Hemisphere.
- Mexico took part in the conference "Towards a New Caribbean Security Agenda," organized by the Woodrow Wilson Center and the Eastern Caribbean Regional Security System, within the framework of the Program for Peace and Security in the Americas conducted by the Wilson Center in Barbados on October 21 and 22, 1996.
10-Ch. A High-level Meeting on the Special Security Concerns of Small Island States.
- Mexico participated actively in the special meeting of the Committee on Hemispheric Security on the special security concerns of small island states, held from October 17 to 18, 1996, in Washington, D.C.
MEXICO
CP/CSH-390/01 add. 1
June 7, 2001
2-Ch. Exchange of Information and Participation of All Member States in the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures.
- Mexico submitted a copy of the United Nations standardized instrument for reporting military expenditures for the year 2000.
MEXICO
CP/CSH-408/01 add. 1
June 7, 2001
2-Ch. Exchange of Information and Participation of All Member States in the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures.
- Mexico submitted a copy of the United Nations standardized instrument for reporting international transfers of conventional weapons in the year 2000.
NICARAGUA
Nicaragua has presented the following report to the IADB for inclusion in the inventory of confidence- and security-building measures applied by member states of the OAS.
April 6, 2001
REPORT PRESENTED TO THE IADB
3-Ch. Promotion of the development and exchange of information concerning defense policies and doctrines.
- Nicaragua submitted the report on Army spending for the year 2001.
- Participation in the Conference of Central American Armed Forces “CFAC”:
• Meetings of the Supreme Council. Participants: Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. May 22-24, 2000, and November 24-25, 2000. Participants: Members of the CFAC Supreme Council. Venue: El Salvador.
• Meetings of the Executive Committee. Participants: Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. March 20 to February 21, 2000, and October 16-19, 2000. Participants: Heads of the General Staffs of the member countries. Venue: El Salvador.
• Meetings of the Pro Tempore General Secretariat. Participants: Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. February 14-16, 2000; July 3-6, 2000; September 18-22, 2000; May 14-16, 2000; October 29 to November 2, 2000. Participants: Army representatives to CFAC. Venue: El Salvador.
- 2nd Specialized Civilian Affairs Activity, involving Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. March 6-7, 2000. Participants: 2nd Chief of Civilian Affairs, 1st Officer of Social Action Department. Venue: El Salvador.
- 2nd Specialized Military Education Activity, involving Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. May 29 to June 2, 2000. Participants: Head of the Doctrine and Military Teaching Directorate. Venue: Guatemala.
- 2nd Specialized Air Force Activity, involving Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. June 21-22, 2000. Participants: Member country delegations. Venue: Nicaragua.
- 2nd Specialized Military Health Activity, involving Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. August 7-9, 2000. Participants: Head of the Military Medical Corps, Head of the Medical Attention Section, and Head of the Military Hygiene and Epidemiological Center. Venue: Honduras.
- 1st Specialized Peacekeeping Operations Activity, involving Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. August 10-11, 2000. Participants: Head of the Doctrine and Military Teaching Directorate. Venue: Honduras.
- 3rd Specialized Intelligence Activity, involving Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. September 18-22, 2000. Participants: 2nd Chief of the Intelligence and Counterintelligence Directorate, Chief of the Military Intelligence and Counterintelligence Directorate, and Section Chief. Venue: Guatemala.
- 1st Specialized Logistics Activity, involving El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. September 26-27, 2000. Participants: Member country delegations to CFAC. Venue: Nicaragua.
- 1st Operations Activity, involving Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. November 7-8, 2000. Participants: Chief of Operations and Planning Directorate, and Chief of Operations Section. Venue: El Salvador.
- 2nd Specialized Naval Activity, involving Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. November 8-10, 2000. Participants: Navy chief and one officer-instructor. Venue: Guatemala.
- 1st UHR-CFAC exercise, involving Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. October 25-27, 2000. Participants: Member country delegations from the UHR-CFAC's components. Venue: Nicaragua.
- Human rights conference, involving Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. November 7-8, 2000. Participants: Director of the Higher Center for Military Studies. Venue: El Salvador.
- 3rd Central American Military Forum for a culture of peace and nonviolence. UNESCO - CFAC. The member states of CFAC and UNESCO participated. December 12-13, 2000. Participants: Head of the Doctrine and Military Teaching Directorate, Chief of the Military History Center, Representative of the Nicaraguan Army to CFAC, Military Attaché of the Republic of Honduras, and one UNESCO special guest. Venue: Honduras.
- Attendance at the Conference of American Armies (CAA):
• 1st Conference on Civilian Matters and Military Lawyers. CAA member states. August 7-12, 2000. Participant: Legal Advice Chief. Venue: Honduras.
• Meeting of CAA liaison officers. Held at Fort Benning, United States, November 11, 2000. Participant: CAA Liaison Officer.
- Participation at the meetings of the Central American Integration System (SICA):
• Meeting of the Defense and Security Subcommittee of the SICA member counties. April 27-28, 2000. Participants: Members of the defense and security subcommittees. Venue: Panama.
• Meeting of the Defense Subcommittee of the Central American Security Committee. SICA member countries. September 7-8, 2000. Participants: Members of the defense subcommittees. Venue: Guatemala.
• 22nd meeting of the Central American Security Committee. SICA member countries. June 2-9, 2000. Participants: Members of the defense subcommittees. Venue: Panama.
• Meeting of the Defense Subcommittee of the Central American Security Committee. SICA member countries. September 7-8, 2000. Participants: Members of the defense subcommittees. Venue: Panama.
- Participation at the Inter-American Naval Conference (IANC):
• 20th Inter-American Naval Conference. IANC member countries. March 26-31, 2000. Participant: Navy chief and one advisor. Venue: Colombia.
- Participation at meetings of the Southern Command:
• 1st Conference on Regional Security, between the United States and Nicaragua. July 12-15, 2000. Participants: Nicaraguan Army Chief; Chief of the Office of International Military Bodies. Venue: Miami.
5-Ch. Agreements on invitation of observers to military exercises, visits to military installations, arrangements for observing routine operations and exchange of civilian and military personnel for regular and advanced training.
- Foreign supervision of the demining program:
• Operations front No. 3. Bolivia. September 11, 2000, to August 11, 2001. Participants: Capt. Bernardo Cadima.
• Operations front No. 4. Bolivia. September 11, 2000, to September 11, 2001. Participants: Lt. Cesar Augusto Loza.
• E.M - MARMINCA. Brazil. March 15, 2000, to March 15, 2001. Participants: Lt. Cmdr. Normando Bona.
• Operations front No. 4. Brazil. August 29, 2000, to May 9, 2001. Participants: 1st Sergeant Eraído Rozando.
• Operations front No. 4. Brazil. September 19, 2000, to February 1, 2001. Participants: Lt. Capt. (Navy) Wilson Guedes.
• Operations front No. 3. Brazil. September 17, 2000, to September 29, 2001. Participants: 1st Lt. Joso Gómez Da Silva.
• E.M - MARMINCA. Brazil. September 18, 2000, to March 29, 2001. Participants: Lt. Cmdr. Gilson Amado.
• Operations front No. 3. Brazil. September 26, 2000, to September 29, 2001. Participants: Capt. Paulo Cursi Curtí.
• Operations front No. 3. Brazil. September 29, 2000, to May 9, 2001. Participants: 1st Sergeant Niomar Schwamback.
• Operations front No. 3. Brazil. September 29, 2000, to September 29, 2001. Participants: Capt. José Luis Araujo dos S.
• Operations front No. 5. Brazil. September 29, 2000, to September 29, 2001. Participants: 1st Lt. Marton Grala.
• Operations front No. 5. Brazil. September 29, 2000, to September 29, 2001. Participants: 1st Sergeant Decio Kazlavtsh.
• E.M - MARMINCA. Brazil. February 6, 2001, to August 29, 2001. Participants: Capt. Rogerio Cetrim de Siqueire.
• Operations front No. 4. Brazil. February 20, 2001, to September 29, 2001. Participants: 1st Lt. Orlando Oliveira.
• Operations front No. 3. El Salvador. June 23, 2000, to June 23, 2001. Participants: 1st Lt. Ricardo D. Abarca.
• Operations front No. 4. El Salvador. June 23, 2000, to June 23, 2001. Participants: 1st Lt. Ernesto Ayala B.
• Operations front No. 3. El Salvador. September 15, 2000, to August 15, 2001. Participants: 1st Sergeant Israel Sánchez R.
• Operations front No. 4. El Salvador. September 15, 2000, to September 15, 2001. Participants: 2nd Lt. Eduvier Mejía Ramos.
• E.M - MARMINCA. Guatemala. September 20, 2000, to September 20, 2001. Participants: Col. Luis Felipe Ramos González.
• Operations front No. 5. Guatemala. September 20, 2000, to September 20, 2001. Participants: Capt. Ivan Alexel Arias R.
• Operations front No. 3. Venezuela. June 1, 2000, to June 1, 2001. Participants: Capt. Frank A. Zurita H.
• Operations front No. 5. Venezuela. October 10, 2000, to October 10, 2001. Participants: Lt. Arnulfo J. Cordova G.
- Nicaragua reported on the composition of its armed forces, their organization, facilities, arms, materials, and equipment, using the army organizational chart.
- First Regional War Game for training in the international law of armed conflicts, July 18-20, 2000, in El Salvador. Participants: 5 senior officers.
- New Horizons Exercise "Task Force Sébaco,” May 24 to August 30, 2000, in Nicaragua. Participants: 170 troops from the United States and Nicaragua.
- “Medrete” medical exercise, involving the United States and Nicaragua. August 13-25, 2000. Participants: 15 troops. The Nicaraguan Army served as the liaison between the U.S. team and MINSA. It also provided protection and security services. Venue: Nicaragua.
- The Nicaraguan Army participated in the joint exercise for coordinating and organizing protection and security for the special tropical jungle training exercise carried out by the French armed forces' 33rd RIMA. June 5-16, 2000. Participants: Head of operations planning, 1st intelligence officer, 1st signals officer, head of the 2nd border zone. Venue: DMS - Nicaragua.
- The Nicaraguan Army participated in Humanitarian Exercise 2000. February 13-26, 2000. Participants: 13 troops. Venue: Dominican Republic
- Emergency committee organization exercise, involving Nicaragua and the United States. May 14-17, 2000. Participants: 2nd Head of Civil Defense (staff), two civil defense officers. Venue: United States.
- Nicaragua has held cultural, academic, and sporting events with the armed forces of Central America, including:
• Participation in the armed forces parade at the 229th anniversary of the Guatemalan Army, June 28 to July 3, 2000. Participants: 30 cavalry cadets and 2 officers. Venue: Guatemala.
• Participation at the 5th Ibero-American Meeting of Military Academies, held in Chile on September 18-25, 2000. Participants: 2 officers and 2 cavalry cadets.
- Official visit by the Nicaraguan Army to Southern Command. February 28-29, 2000. Participant: Commanding officer, Nicaraguan Army. Venue: USA.
- Official visit by the Nicaraguan Army for the anniversary of the Guatemalan armed forces. June 23-25, 2000. Participant: Commanding officer, Nicaraguan Army. Venue: Guatemala.
- Coordination meeting between law enforcement and military authorities. July 20, 2000. Participants: Commanding officer of the Nicaraguan Army and the Minister of the Interior, Police, and Public Security of Costa Rica. Venue: Peñas Blancas.
- Working visit by the Nicaraguan Army to the Republic of El Salvador. August 16, 2000. Participant: Commanding officer, Nicaraguan Army. Venue: El Salvador.
- Official visit by the Nicaraguan Army to Mexico's independence celebrations. September 12-22, 2000. Participant: Inspector-General of the Nicaraguan Army. Venue: Mexico.
- Visit by the Nicaraguan Army to the transfer of command over the Belize Defense Force. November 14-16, 2000. Participant: Inspector-General of the Nicaraguan Army. Venue: Belize.
- Coordination meeting to explore the possibility of teaching a basic intelligence course in the Nicaraguan Army. Nicaragua and Guatemala. September 1, 2000. Participants: Head of the Defense Information Directorate, Head of the Liaison Department of Guatemala's Strategic Analysis Secretariat. Venue: Nicaragua.
- Decoration ceremony and presentation of certificates to MARMINCA personnel. Bolivia, Brazil, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Venezuela. September 26, 2000. Participant: Commanding officer, Nicaraguan Army; decorated officers. Venue: Nicaragua.
- Courtesy visit and decoration ceremony for Lt. Gen. Charles Whlhelm. August 23, 2000. Participants: Commanding officer, Nicaraguan Army; commanding officer, Southern Command. Venue: Nicaragua.
- Visit by candidates of the Inter-American Defense College (Inter-American Defense Board “CID”). Nicaragua and USA, March 2000. Participants: Commanding officer, Nicaraguan Army; 90 senior officers. Venue: Nicaragua.
- Courtesy visit by a representative of AMNA from Canada (September 4, 2000, Col. David Brook), Korea (June 7-10, 2000, Col. Hoo Park), and Germany (September 4-8, 2000. Lt. Col. Heribert Schneider). Venue: Nicaragua.
- Visit to USCGS Mellon of the United States Coast Guard at the port of Corinto, Nicaragua. June 23, 2000. Participants: Commanding officer, Nicaraguan Army.
- Working visit by generals of the United States Army. February 23, 2000. Participants: Commanding officer, Nicaraguan Army. Venue: Nicaragua.
- Planned visits by the Association of Military, Naval, and Air Attachés to Nicaraguan Army facilities.
• 1st Regional Military Command of Nicaragua. February 11, 2000. Military attachés from Guatemala and Mexico, accredited in Nicaragua, carried out visits.
• 4th Regional Military Command of Nicaragua. April 12, 2000. Military attachés from El Salvador and Honduras, accredited in Nicaragua, carried out visits.
• 5th Regional Military Command of Nicaragua. May 9, 2000. Military attachés from Spain and France, accredited in Nicaragua, carried out visits.
• 6th Regional Military Command of Nicaragua. June 8, 2000. Military attachés from Taiwan-ROC and the USA, accredited in Nicaragua, carried out visits.
• Nicaraguan Air Force. August 10, 2000. Attachés from the United Kingdom and Germany carried out visits.
• Nicaraguan Navy. January 12, 2000. Attachés from the United Kingdom and Germany carried out visits.
• Nicaraguan Institute for Military Social Welfare. October 26, 2000. Attachés from the United Kingdom and Germany carried out visits.
- 5th conference of directors of intelligence agencies from Central America and Panama, with the Republic of China. Participants: Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, and China. Held in Costa Rica, July 20, 2000. Participants: Nicaragua: Head of the DID. Honduras: Director of Intelligence (C-2) of the armed forces joint staff. El Salvador: Director of the State Intelligence Agency (OIE). Guatemala: Secretariat for Strategic Analysis (SAE). Costa Rica: Director General of Intelligence and National Security (DIS). Panama: Executive Secretary of the Public Security and National Defense Council (CSPDN). China: Director General of the National Security Bureau.
- 4th Meeting of directors of intelligence and security agencies from Central America, Panama, and Spain. Participants: Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, and Spain. Held in Panama, September 26-27, 2000. Participants: Guatemala: Secretariat for Strategic Analysis (SAE). Honduras: Head of the Analysis Department, Directorate of Intelligence (C-2) of the armed forces joint staff. El Salvador: Director of the State Intelligence Agency (OIE). Nicaragua: Head of the Defense Information Directorate (DID). Costa Rica: Director General of Intelligence and National Security (DIS). Panama: Executive Secretary of the National Security Council. Kingdom of Spain: Director General of the Higher Defense Information Center (CESID).
- International seminar on "Organized Crossborder Crime: Drug Trafficking and Money Laundering." Organized by the Higher Defense Information Center (CESID), Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. Held in Nicaragua, March 27-31, 2000. Participants: Panama: Head of the Financial Analysis Unit of the Public Security and National Defense Council (CSPDN) and the legal advisor to the CSPDN's Director. Costa Rica: Head of the Human Resources Area of the Intelligence and Security Directorate (DIS) and Head of the DIS's Financial Analysis Unit. Honduras: Director of Intelligence (DIEM) of the armed forces joint staff and Head of Information of the DIEM. El Salvador: Head of the Drug Trafficking Area of the State Intelligence Agency (OIE). Guatemala: Subdirector of the Secretariat for Strategic Analysis (SAE) and the SAE's legal advisor. Spain: Higher Defense Information Center (CESID) in Nicaragua, the Head of the International Relations Area for Ibero-America. Nicaragua: 2nd head of the Defense Information Directorate (DID) and 18 heads and 1st officers of the DID.
- Meeting of the technical committee of the Central America and Panama intelligence agency community. Organized by: Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Costa Rica, and Panama. Held in: Costa Rica, in May 2000. Participants: Guatemala: Secretariat for Strategic Analysis (SAE), deputy liaison. Honduras: Directorate of Intelligence of the armed forces joint staff (DIEM), permanent liaison. El Salvador: State Intelligence Agency (OIE), permanent liaison. Nicaragua: Defense Information Directorate (DID), permanent liaison. Costa Rica: Directorate of Intelligence and National Security (DIS), permanent liaison. Panama: Executive Secretariat of the Public Security and National Defense Council (CSPDN), permanent liaison.
- 2nd Ibero-American Strategic Intelligence Seminar, organized by the intelligence and security agencies of all the Ibero-American nations. Held in Uruguay, November 6-10, 2000
- International Maritime Course. Held in the United States; March 8, 2000, to April 24, 2001. Participant: One naval officer.
- 1st Workshop on Maritime Operations. Held in the United States; January 6-7, 2000. Participant: Chief of the Nicaraguan General Staff.
- Seminar on trial proceedings; held in Nicaragua, May 11-12, 2000. Participants: 9 senior and junior officers.
- Workshop of the Juridical Committee of the Americas; held in the USA, May 10-13, 2000. Participants: 1 senior officer from Nicaragua.
- Seminar on trial proceedings; held in Nicaragua, May 17-19, 2000. Participants: 9 officers.
- Final planning conference for New Horizons; held in Puerto Rico, May 12-16, 2000. Participants: 3 officers from the Civilian Affairs Directorate.
- Course for patrol commanders; held in Costa Rica, May 19, 2000. Participants: 4 naval officers.
- Course on boarding techniques; held in Nicaragua, May 12-16, 2000. Participants: 13 naval officers.
- Seminar on planning and banning drugs; held in Nicaragua, June 19-23, 2000. Participants: 12 naval officers.
- Conference on the composition of reserve troops; held in the USA Nicaragua, December 7-10, 2000. Participant: 1 senior officer from the Personnel and Staff Directorate.
- Basic American course for English instructors; held in the United States, March 29 to April 2, 2001. Participant: 1 teacher from the Higher Center for Military Studies.
- First Annual Conference of Central American and Caribbean Women; held in the Dominican Republic, November 13-17, 2000. Participants: 2 senior officers.
- Human rights seminar; held in the United States, October 24-26, 2000. Participant: Head of the Senior Staff School.
- Domestic operations seminar; held in the United States, October 16 to November 27, 2000. Participant: Head of the Civilian Affairs Directorate.
- Flight controller course; held in Mexico, August 22, 1999, to July 30, 2002. Participant: 1 cavalry cadet.
- Naval Staff Course; held in Mexico, August 1, 2000, to July 12, 2001. Participant: 1 senior officer.
- Air Command and General Staff Course; held in Mexico, September 2, 2000, to July 26, 2001. Participant: 1 senior Air Force officer.
- Medical speciality course; held in Mexico, September 2, 2000, to August 26, 2001. Participant: 1 officer from the Military Medical Corps.
- Naval Intelligence Course II for junior officers; held in El Salvador, April 24 to August 28, 2000. Participant: One naval officer.
- Regional seminar on “Formulating defense policy in democratic societies"; held in Guatemala, March 1-3, 2000. Participants: Head of the Personnel and Staff Directorate, Head of the Doctrine and Military Teaching Directorate.
- International psychological operations course; held in Guatemala, September 25, 2000, to November 22, 2001. Participants: 2 officers from the Civilian Affairs Directorate.
- Masters in Central America history; held in Costa Rica, July 10, 2000, to June 30, 2001. Participants: 2 officers from the Military History Center.
- Command and Staff Course; held in Brazil, December 20, 1999, to November 24, 2000. Participants: 1 teaching officer from the Higher Center for Military Studies.
- Seminar on education and defense; held in the USA, March 12-15, 2000. Participants: Head of the Doctrine and Military Teaching Directorate.
- Epidemiological conference; held in Guatemala, Nicaragua, March 26 to April 1, 2000. Participant: 1 officer from the Military Medical Corps.
- Conference on engineering planning; held in Puerto Rico, April 2-5, 2000. Participant: 2nd Head of the Civilian Affairs Directorate; 1 officer from the Operations and Planning Directorate.
- Planning conference for the peace-keeping exercise; held in Honduras, April 11-14, 2000. Participant: 1 section chief from the Personnel and Staff Directorate.
- Course on operations law; held in the United States, April 30 to May 4, 2000. Participant: 1 military audit officer.
- Seminar on trial proceedings; held in Managua, February 8 to May 10, 2000. Participant: 20 officers from different military units.
7-Ch. Cooperation programs in the event of natural disasters or to prevent such disasters, based on the request and authorization of the affected states.
- Organization, updating, and execution of Plan Playa along the Pacific and Atlantic coasts. Carried out by the Nicaraguan Army. In April.
- Drafting and updating the Winter 2000 Emergency Plan. Carried out by the Nicaraguan Army. February through November.
- Drafting and execution of the Population Organization and Evacuation Plan for volcanic eruptions, mudslides, landslides, and lahars; nationwide scope. Carried out by the Nicaraguan Army. February through October.
- Organization and training of prevention, mitigation, and attention committees: eight at the departmental level, 57 at the municipal level, and 315 at the local level. Carried out by the Nicaraguan Army. February through December.
8-Ch. Development and establishment of communications among civilian or military authorities of neighboring countries in accordance with their border situation.
- Coordination meeting for the agreements reached by the governments of Nicaragua and Costa Rica regarding the limits of their border; held on March 10, 2000. Participants: Head of the Southern Military Detachment, Head of the Border Command (with Costa Rica). Venue: "Los Chiles” post.
- Coordination meeting for limiting and reviewing main markers along the border between Nicaragua and Costa Rica; held on March 13, 2000. Participants: Head of the Southern Military Detachment, two Costa Rican warrant officers. Venue: San Carlos, Nicaragua.
- Coordination and exchanges of security information, between Nicaragua and Costa Rica. March 16, 2000. Participants: Head of the Southern Military Detachment, Director of the border police - Costa Rica.
• Border Police Director replaced by Col. Luis Sanabria.
• Agreement between Nicaragua and Costa Rica for enhancing the border, with the presence of both forces during the placement of new stones and markers.
• Illegal logging, hunting, and fishing along the border, from Costa Rica.
• Property shared by the two countries.
• Contraband of all kinds.
• Costa Rican businessmen who cut timber in the vicinity of the river San Juan.
• Environmental protection.
- Coordination meeting between the mayor of San Carlos and the Nicaraguan Head of Migration, with members of the Costa Rican parliament and the mayor of Los Chiles; October 9-10, 2000. Venue: Nicaraguan border. The Nicaraguan Army provided protection and security.
- Request by the head of the Honduran Army post in Arenales sector (3928) for a meeting with the military chief in Jalapa. Honduras and Nicaragua. February 2, 2001. Participants: Military chief of Jalapa-Nicaragua, head of the Honduran border post.
- Information exchange meeting, between Honduras and Nicaragua. February 23, 2000. Participants: Head of the Nicaraguan Army, head of the Honduran joint armed forces chiefs of staff. Venue: Las Manos, Nicaragua.
- The Nicaraguan Navy has exchanged operating information:
• On illegal activities in the Gulf of Fonseca, with Honduras. (January 1, 2000, to January 1, 2001.) Participants: Navy delegations.
• On illegal activities in the Pacific Ocean, between Guatemala, El Salvador, and Nicaragua. January 1, 2000, to January 1, 2001. Participants: Navy delegations. Dealing with the Navy.
- First combined navigation in the North Caribbean. Navigation north of the 15th parallel, Cayo Bobel, and Cayo Sur. Honduras, Nicaragua. May 1, 2000, to January 1, 2001. Participants: Navy delegations. In compliance with the Memorandum of Understanding.
- Seminar on BSR and on efforts against piracy and trafficking in migrants. Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and the United States. May 18-20, 2000. Participants: Navy delegations. Venue: Costa Rica.
- Submission of a proposal for the second combined navigation. Honduras and Nicaragua. May 30, 2000. This proposal was not accepted by the Honduran Navy.
- Visit by Nicaragua's Navy to the Navy of El Salvador. October 7 to July 7, 2000. Friendly meeting.
- Visit to the DNP of the Salvadoran coast guard. November 23-24, 2000. Friendly meeting.
- In compliance with item V of the Memorandum of Understanding signed by Honduras and Nicaragua on March 7, 2000, Nicaragua carried out the following:
• Action No. LMM-JFA/142/00 FAH: Stationing an MI-17 in Waspan municipality in the border area, for accident evacuations following mine explosions under the aegis of the National General Demining Plan.
• Action LMM-JFA/147/00 FAH: Extended deployment of an MI-17 in Waspan municipality, border zone.
• Action LMM-JFA/237/00 FAH of 11/Dec/00: Security for National Demining in the Río Coco border area.
• Action No. LMM/JFA/26/00 FAH of 24/Jan/01: An Air Force craft to conduct a flyover of the Bismuna to Cabo Viejo route in the northern sector.
- Exchanges of information regarding illicit flights detected or discovered by the region's other Air Forces. Honduras, Nicaragua, and Colombia. January 15-21, 2001.
- Telephonic notification of the FAC Command and Control Center about illicit flight in the Central American area, possibly headed to Nicaragua, El Salvador, or Costa Rica. (February 12, 2001.)
- Mobilization of Nicaragua's Humanitarian and Rescue Unit (UHR) to assist the Republic of El Salvador during its dengue epidemic. September 30 to October 17, 2000. Participants: 11 troops. Medical assistance given to: 8,413 fumigated houses and 58 meters.
- Mobilization of Nicaragua's UHR to assist the residents of Laguna de Apoyo and Massaya during the earthquake. August 6 to September 26, 2000, and July 6-11. Participants: 578 troops, 5 land vehicles, 2 air vehicles. Venue: Nicaragua.
- Mobilization of Nicaragua's UHR during the floods caused by Hurricane Keith. October 2, 2000, to November 4, 2000. Participants: 44 troops, 5 land vehicles, 1 air vehicle. Actions: 75 evacuations, transportation of solid loads (600 lbs). Venue: Nicaragua.
11-Ch. Programs of education for peace
- 4th Education for Peace Course. Sponsored by Nicaragua's University for Peace and given to final-year cavalry cadets. October.
- 3rd International Politics Course. Sponsored by Nicaragua's University for Peace and given to the students of the General Staff's 3rd diploma course. October.
- 1st Course on Democratic Conflict Management. Sponsored by Nicaragua's University for Peace and given to the students of the Arms and Service Enhancement Course. July.
- Course on International Humanitarian Law. Sponsored by Nicaragua's University for Peace and given to the students of the General Staff's 3rd diploma course. August.
PERU
Peru has presented the following report to the OAS for inclusion in the inventory of confidence- and security-building measures applied by member states of the OAS.
CP/CSH-383/01 add. 6 June 7, 2001
3-Ch. Promotion of the Development and Exchange of Information Concerning Defense Policies and Doctrines.
- Support, actively and continuously, peacekeeping activities between the Peru and Ecuador.
- Peru continues holding bilateral intelligence conferences and promoting other conferences of a professional nature with Ecuador, Bolivia, Colombia, Venezuela, Chile, Brazil.
- Peru exchanges military publications of interest to the armed forces of Ecuador, Bolivia, Colombia, Venezuela, Chile, Brazil.
- Step up the exchange of information between the Joint Command of the Armed Forces of Peru and the Chiefs of Staff of the Armed Forces of Brazil.
5-Ch. Agreements on Invitation of Observers to Military Exercises, Visits to Military Installations, Arrangements for Observing Routine Operations and Exchange of Civilian and Military Personnel for Regular and Advanced Training.
- Joint armed forces exercises with Bolivia, Colombia, Chile, Brazil.
- Exchange of military personnel for instructional and training activities and for other activities of a professional nature with Bolivia, Colombia, Venezuela, Chile, Brazil.
- Mutual invitations to participate in the celebrations marking historic anniversaries, and in national and border events of a protocolary, social, cultural, welfare, artistic, and sports nature with Bolivia, Colombia, Venezuela, Chile, Brazil.
- Welfare activities for military personnel between Peru and: Bolivia, Colombia, Venezuela, Chile, Brazil.
- Technical and logistical cooperation with Bolivia, Colombia, Venezuela, Chile, Brazil.
6-Ch. Meetings and activities to prevent incidents and increase security for transport by land, sea, and air
- Peru maintains coordinated search and rescue activities in land and sea border areas with Ecuador.
8-Ch. Development and Establishment of Communications among Civilian or Military Authorities of Neighboring Countries in Accordance with their Border Situation.
- Observance by the armed forces of Peru and Ecuador of the ruling in the humanitarian area involving the border areas.
- Peru continues the application of the security manual with Ecuador.
- Meetings of a protocolary or professional intelligence nature between commanders of garrisons and of naval border areas with Bolivia, Colombia, Chile, Brazil.
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
The Dominican Republic has presented the following report to the OAS for inclusion in the inventory of confidence- and security-building measures applied by member states of the OAS.
CP/CSH-408/01 add. 3 August 9, 2001
REPORT
CP/CSH-408/01 add. 3
August 9, 2001
2-Ch. Exchange of Information and Participation of All Member States in the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms and the Standardized International Reporting of Military Expenditures.
The Dominican Republic submitted information on the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms for 2000-2001.
TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO
Trinidad and Tobago has presented the following report to the OAS for inclusion in the inventory of confidence- and security-building measures applied by member states of the OAS.
CP/CSH-286/00 April 13, 2000
REPORT
CP/CSH-286/00
April 13, 2000
1-Ch. Gradual adoption of agreements regarding advance notice of military exercises.
- Exercise VENTRI, a maritime exercise between naval forces of Venezuela and the Trinidad and Tobago Coast Guard is held annually, and neighbouring states in the Caribbean and Latin America are duly informed.
- Exercise Tradewinds, the largest military exercise held in the Caribbean involving CARICOM troops. Also participating in the exercise are units from the United States and the United Kingdom. Conducted in different Caribbean countries each year, Exercise Tradewinds comprises four phases. These include maritime and amphibious operations, disaster preparedness and relief operations, collective command and staff training, and a field training exercise (FTX). On several occasions the maritime and amphibious phase was held in Trinidad and Tobago territorial waters. The FTX phase took place in Trinidad in 1996. Caribbean and Latin American neighbours are always informed and in some instances invited to observe the training.
3-Ch. Promotion of the development and exchange of information concerning defense policies and doctrines.
- Information is shared at various fora at the United Nations.
- Hemispheric bodies such as the Organization of American States with its several sub-committees, including the Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission (CICAD), the vice-chairmanship of which is carried by Trinidad and Tobago. The twenty-fifth regular session of CICAD is scheduled for October 2000 in Port of Spain, Trinidad.
- Active participation in all Defence Ministerials of the Americas: Williamsburg 1995, Bariloche 1996, and Cartagena 1998. At Cartagena, Trinidad and Tobago offered a presentation on the Security Concerns of Small States.
- Active participation in the annual Caribbean Island Nations Security Conference (CINSEC), later renamed the Caribbean Nations Security Conference (CANSEC). This conference is co-sponsored by United States Southern Command (USSOUTHCOM) and is held in a different Caribbean country each year. Delegations include Caribbean chiefs of staff and CINCUSSOUTHCOM, while several military personnel from Europe and Latin America attend as observers. CINSEC 1997 was held in Trinidad and Tobago.
- Active participation in a Seminar to Advance Further the Defence Policies and Doctrine of CARICOM States, co-hosted by the University of the West Indies in November/December 1999.
- Active participation in the USSOUTHCOM sponsored United Counterdrug programme which encourages bilateral sharing of information at frequent conferences and thereafter.
- Frequent dialogue with military leaders in the region on several matters affecting hemispheric security.
- Active participation in Summits of the Americas and the CARICOM Heads of Government Summits.
- Active participation in the establishment, development and implementation of the Caribbean Information Sharing Network (CISN), a USSOUTHCOM sponsored multilateral inter-agency network for secure information sharing among military forces in the Caribbean. The network uses the Internet as its backbone in a system built in a domain of mutual trust.
- Sharing of information with the United States coordinated Joint Interagency Task Force – East (JIATF-EAST).
4-Ch. Consideration of a consultation process with a view to proceeding towards limitation and control of conventional weapons.
- Trinidad and Tobago is a signatory to the Inter-American Convention Against the Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Ammunition, Explosives, and Other Related Materials, as well as the Ottawa Antipersonnel Land-Mine Convention.
- Trinidad and Tobago supports the proposal to have the Caribbean declared a zone of peace, elements of which denounce the proliferation of conventional weapons in the sub-region.
- Trinidad and Tobago is neither producer nor exporter of firearms, and stringent laws and regulations are observed with respect to imports or transit.
5-Ch. Agreements on invitation of observers to military exercises, visits to military installations, arrangements for observing routine operations and exchange of civilian and military personnel for regular and advanced training.
- Deployment of personnel from the Trinidad and Tobago Defence Force to Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, and St. Kitts and Nevis to assist units with training of Land Forces and Coast Guard personnel in various areas including technical and logistic operations.
- Participation of troops from the Caribbean, United States and United Kingdom in Exercise Tradewinds and accommodation of senior military observers from hemispheric countries as well as from other regions.
- Attendance of personnel of the Trinidad and Tobago Defence Force at courses at various levels in the United Kingdom, United States, Canada, Jamaica, and Brazil, contributing to transparency, cooperation, sharing of information and knowledge on doctrine and methodologies, and developing professional linkages.
- Active participation annually in seminars at the Centre for Hemispheric Defence Studies, National Defence University, established by the United States in response to the mandate of the Defence Ministerial of the Americas. These seminars allow legislators and senior civilian officials employed with the military to be exposed to regular and advanced training in civil-military relations.
- Trinidad and Tobago entertains several visits annually of naval vessels from various countries. Similarly, senior military officials from the hemisphere including CINCUSSOUTHCOM, on routine visits are invited to view military installations and training.
- Military personnel from CARICOM countries frequently attend training courses in Trinidad and Tobago, primarily at the junior officer and non-commissioned officer (NCO) levels. In some instances trainees are posted to sub-units where they are exposed to routine on-the-job training.
- Trinidad and Tobago is an active participant with the Caribbean Support Tender (CST), a programme involving personnel from the United States Coast Guard and counterparts from Coast Guard units in the Caribbean, who together form the international crew of the United States Coast Guard Cutter, “Gentian.” The purpose of the programme is to foster mutual understanding between the parties, as well as exchange professional knowledge and support of an operational nature. The CST conducted maritime law enforcement training, outboard motor maintenance and repair, logistical support, technical exchanges and social engagement since its inaugural deployment in American and Caribbean waters in June 1999. The crew includes four members (one officer and three NCOs) of the Trinidad and Tobago Defence Force (Coast Guard).
6-Ch. Meetings and activities to prevent incidents and increase security for transport by land, sea, and air.
- Sharing of information at bilateral and multilateral gatherings with law enforcement, maritime and customs officials.
- Trinidad and Tobago is numbered among CARICOM colleagues in the perpetual attempt to discourage the dumping of hazardous waste in Caribbean waters.
- The Shiprider agreement between Trinidad and Tobago and the United States, which contributes to the enhancement of maritime security.
7-Ch. Cooperation programs in the event of natural disasters or to prevent such disasters, based on the request and authorization of the affected states.
- Trinidad and Tobago has responded to natural disasters in the Caribbean and Latin America with personnel, material, clothing, and financial donations over the past decade and continues to do so.
- Active participation of Trinidad and Tobago, through its National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) and its Defence Force in the administration and operation of the Caribbean Disaster Emergency Response Agency (CDERA) and the Caribbean Disaster Relief Unit (CDRU).
8-Ch. Development and establishment of communications among civilian or military authorities of neighboring countries in accordance with their border situation.
- While Trinidad and Tobago is a twin-island state with no border complexities, because of the proximity of territorial waters with Venezuela, fishing agreements, augmented by frequent dialogue, foster cooperation between civilian and maritime agencies of both states. The annual Exercise VENTRI is also complementary.
- Communication between law enforcement agencies from Trinidad and Tobago and neighbouring states on criminal elements have led to the occasional arrest and extradition of criminals.
9-Ch. Holding of seminars and courses, and studies on mutual confidence- and security-building measures and policies to promote confidence involving the participation of civilians and military personnel, and on the special security concerns of small island states.
- Annual participation of the Trinidad and Tobago Defence Force in the Caribbean Nations Security Conference.
- Active participation in seminars hosted by the Centre from Hemispheric Defence Studies.
- Active participation in meetings hosted by the Committee on Hemispheric Security to discuss the security concerns of small island states.
- Active participation in the Seminar to Advance Further the Defence Policies and Doctrine of CARICOM States.
10-Ch. A high-level meeting on the special security concerns of small island states.
- Delegations from Trinidad and Tobago attended meetings and made presentations highlighting the multifaceted security concerns of small states and supported proposals to have these concerns addressed.
11-Ch. Programs of education for peace.
- Participation in discussions towards the establishment of the program of education for peace.
- Personnel from the Trinidad and Tobago Defence Force attend Canadian sponsored peacekeeping seminars and courses at the Lester Pearson International Peacekeeping Centre on a regular basis. Programmes attended addressed the maritime dimension of peacekeeping, the personnel dimension of peacekeeping, the legal aspects of peacekeeping and human rights considerations.
1-S. Encourage contact and cooperation among legislators on confidence-building measures and on matters of peace and hemispheric security, including conferences, the exchange of visits, and a meeting of parliamentarians, in order to strengthen this process.
- Attendance of legislators and parliamentarians at various conferences to deal with issues affecting hemispheric security, forging cooperation at the highest levels. In April 2000, the International Ministerial Conference on Criminal Justice and Law Enforcement, which will attract ministers of justice and attorneys general from several countries, including the United States, will be held in Trinidad and Tobago.
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[1]. OAS Classification – CP/CSH-383/01.
[2]. OAS Classification – CP/CSH-383/01.
[3]. OAS Classification – CP/CSH-383/01 add. 1.
[4]. OAS classification CP/CSH-383/01 add. 5.
[5]. OAS Classification – CP/CSH-383/01 add. 5.
[6]. OAS classification CP/CSH-383/01 add. 3.
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CPSC01057E07
CP09211E11
CPSC01047E05
CPSC00997E14
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