T-sql create function default parameter

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T-sql create function default parameter

Where to find answers to frequently asked questions on CREATE, ALTER and DROP Statements in MySQL? H... In this article series, we will find basics and common usage scenarios about the inline table-valued functions and we will also be consolidating your learnings with practical examples. At first, we will briefly look for an answer to the "Why

should we use functions in the SQL Server?" question. In the SQL Server database development process, functions allow us to wrap up the codes in a single database executable database object. In other words, functions allow applying the encapsulation idea to T-SQL codes. So, a written function can be reused multiple times. In this way, we don't

spend time writing the same code over and over again and as a result, we can reduce the repetition of code. Additionally, the SQL Server function usage helps to degrade the code clutter. Description The simple definition of the table-valued function (TVF) can be made such like that; a user-defined function that returns a table data type and also it can

accept parameters. TVFs can be used after the FROM clause in the SELECT statements so that we can use them just like a table in the queries.The first thing that comes to our mind is that, what is the main difference between the view (Views are virtual database objects that retrieve data from one or more tables) and TVF? The views do not allow

parameterized usage this is the essential difference between views and TVFs. In the following sections, we will reinforce these theoretical pieces of information with practical examples from easy to the difficult. The TVFs can be categorized into two types. These are inline and multi-statement table-valued functions. In this article, we particularly focus

on the inline one. You can direct to this article, SQL Server built-in functions and user-defined scalar functions, to gain knowledge about built-in functions and user-defined scalar functions in SQL Server. Note:All the examples of this article will be used on the Adventureworks sample database and queries formatted in the SQL query formatter.

Creating an inline table-valued function (iTVF) The iTVF has not included BEGIN/END block in their syntax and the SELECT statement is the output of this type of functions and this is the finest detail of the iTVF. The following T-SQL statement creates a very basic iTVF and the output of this function will be the Product table. CREATE FUNCTION

[dbo].[udfGetProductList](@SafetyStockLevel SMALLINT(SELECT Product.ProductID, WHERE SafetyStockLevel >= @SafetyStockLevel) Now, we will tackle the code line by line. CREATE Function udfGetProductList(@SafetyStockLevel SMALLINT) The above code part specifies the name of the function and parameters name and data types of the

function. Particularly, for our function, we specify only one parameter which is named @SafetyStockLevel and its data type is SMALLINT. The above code part specifies that the function will return a table. (SELECT Product.ProductID, WHERE SafetyStockLevel >= @SafetyStockLevel) The above code part returns data like ProductId, Name, and

ProductNumber from the Product table for which the value in the column SafetyStockLevel is equal or greater than the value passed in the function's parameter. We can find out the udfGetProductList function under the Programmability folder in SQL Server Management Studio. As you can see in the above image, SSMS also shows the parameters

information of the iTVF. Executing an inline table-valued function Through the following query, we can execute the TVF. We should mark one thing again that the resultset of the function will be changed according to @SafetyStockLevel parameter. FROM dbo.udfGetProductList( 100 ) In the above case, we passed the @SafetyStockLevel as 100 and

the udfGetProductList function returned a resultset according to this parameter. In the below example, we will add a WHERE clause to query so that we can apply to filter the output of the function. FROM dbo.udfGetProductList( 100 )WHERE Name LIKE 'Chainring%' In the following example, we will use the JOIN clause with the udfGetProductList

function. SELECT PUdfList.ProductNumber, PUdfList.Name, PCost.StandardCostFROM dbo.udfGetProductList( 100 ) AS PUdfList Production.ProductCostHistory AS PCost ON PUdfList.ProductId = PCost.ProductIDWHERE PUdfList.ProductId = 717 In the above case, we joined the ProductCostHistory table and udfGetProductList and added the

StandartCost column to the resultset from ProductCostHistory table. Usage of the default parameter We learned that the inline table-valued functions accept parameters and these parameters must be passed to the functions in order to execute them. However, we can declare default parameter values for iTVFs. If we want to execute a function with a

default value, we should set a default value and we can set this value to the function with the help of the DEFAULT keyword. In the following example, we will alter the udfGetProductList function and declare a new parameter with a default value. In this way, we do not need to give any value to the parameter. Solely, we will pass the DEFAULT

keyword instead of the parameter value. ALTER FUNCTION [dbo].[udfGetProductList](@SafetyStockLevel SMALLINT , @MFlag BIT=0(SELECT Product.ProductID, WHERE SafetyStockLevel >= @SafetyStockLevel In the above usage scenario, we added a new parameter to udfGetProductList function whose name is @MFlag and this parameter

default value is specified as 0. Now let's learn how to execute the udfGetProductList function with the default parameter. The following query shows this usage method: FROM dbo.udfGetProductList( 100, DEFAULT ) How to pass multiple parameters into an Inline table-valued function In some cases, we need to pass multiple parameter values to

iTVFs. Assume that the development team wants to pass multiple values in one parameter into the designed function. To perform a usage scenario like this, we must create a user-defined table type because through these types we gain an ability to declare table-valued parameters. Table-valued parameters allow sending multiple values to functions.

Creating a user-defined table type: CREATE TYPE ProductNumberList AS TABLE Adding the table-valued to udfGetProductList function with READONLY statement: ALTER FUNCTION [dbo].[udfGetProductList](

@SafetyStockLevel SMALLINT, @MFlag BIT= 0, @ProductList ProductNumberList READONLY)(SELECT Product.ProductID,

Product.Name, Product.ProductNumber WHERE SafetyStockLevel >= @SafetyStockLevel AND Product.ProductNumber IN Declare a variable as a table-valued parameter and populate it with multiple parameter values. Execute the function. DECLARE @TempProductList AS ProductNumberListINSERT INTO @TempProductListVALUES( 'EC-R098'

), ( 'EC-T209' )SELECT * FROM [dbo].[udfGetProductList](100,1,@TempProductList) Conclusion In this article, we explored why we should use functions in SQL Server and then learned the usage scenarios of the inline table-valued functions (iTVF). These types of functions make our database development process easier and modular and also, they

help to avoid re-write the same code again. I have this script: CREATE FUNCTION dbo.CheckIfSFExists(@param1 INT, @param2 BIT = 1 ) RETURNS BIT AS BEGIN IF EXISTS ( bla bla bla ) RETURN 1; RETURN 0; END GO I want to use it in a procedure in this way: IF dbo.CheckIfSFExists( 23 ) = 0 SET @retValue = 'bla bla bla'; But I get the error:

An insufficient number of arguments were supplied for the procedure or function dbo.CheckIfSFExists. Why does it not work? If as a t-sql developer or a SQL Server database administrator in your company you work a lot with sql user defined functions, you might probably require optional parameters in udf's. Optional parameters are widely used in

programming as well as in stored procedures in T-SQL. But optional declaration and logic is a little bit different when user defined function is the topic. The trick that enables a work around for declaring optional parameters for t-sql functions is checking the parameter with ISNULL() within the sql function definition and calling the function with

NULL values where you want to use default value for the optional parameter. When optional parameter value is passed as NULL then ISNULL() will replace the parameter value with default value of the parameter. Here is the sample t-sql udf function which uses optional parameter. CREATE FUNCTION OptionalParameters( @i int,

@optional_Parameter int ) RETURNS int BEGIN -- may be omitted if you use directly the default values DECLARE @Default_Value int SET @Default_Value = 0 RETURN @i + ISNULL(@optional_Parameter, @Default_Value) -- OR use default value directly as --RETURN @i + ISNULL(@optional_Parameter, 0) END GO SELECT

dbo.OptionalParameters(1, 2), dbo.OptionalParameters(1, null) Code And above sample sql select statement shows the usage of optional parameter in user defined t-sql function.

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