BIOLOGY Test 1



DNA & Replication

Khan Academy Video Title: DNA Structure and Replication

This sheet will serve as your notes for this section of content. Keep it in your binder so you can use this information as a reference for worksheets and to study from. DO NOT throw it away!

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1. DNA is known as ______________________ _____________.

2. DNA stores our genetic instructions and programs our cell ___________________.

3. Every human cell contains _____ chromosomes, with each containing ___ big DNA molecule.

4. DNA and RNA are ___________________ ___________.

5. Nucleic acids are polymers made up of smaller repeating units, in the case of DNA, these are called ___________________.

6. What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide?

a) ___________________

b) ___________________ group

c) 1 of 4 ___________________ bases

7. The 5 carbon sugar is called ____________________.

8. List the 4 nitrogenous bases:

a) ___________________

b) ___________________

c) ___________________

d) ___________________

9. The sugars and phosphate bond together to form the ___________________ of DNA.

10. DNA runs in a ____ to ____ direction, with the oxygen from deoxyribose pointing to the ____ end.

11. The only counterpart for adenine is ___________________, while cytosine can only bond with ___________________.

12. Give the matching base sequence for the following DNA strand:

5' A G G T C C G 3'

13. RNA is similar to DNA, but there are 3 major differences:

a) RNA is ___________________ stranded

b) Sugar is ___________________, not deoxyribose

c) No thymine, ___________________ instead

14. Rosalind ___________________ used x-ray diffraction to find the structure of DNA.

15. Cells constantly divide and that requires a _______________of DNA information.

16. ___________________ is the process of copying DNA.

Process of Replication:

17. The enzyme ___________________ unzips the DNA double helix.

18. Another enzyme called __________ ___________________ adds matching nucleotides onto the main strand.

19. ________ ___________________ is an enzyme that gives DNA polymerase a starting point.

20. DNA replication gets it wrong in about 1 in 10 ___________________ nucleotides.

21. DNA polymerase can ______________ _____________ the strand and find the mistakes.

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