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A local coordinate system (Figure 2) was established to define disc deformation for both discs L3-L4 and L4-L5. In the local coordinate system for L4-L5, the posterosuperior corner of L5 served as the origin. The X-axis extends out along the superior border of the fifth lumbar vertebrae and the Y-axis is perpendicular to it. The displacement (X ... ................
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