Introduction to Physiology
Introduction to
Physiology
BIO 130 Laboratory Manual
2017
Dutchess Community College Department of
Allied Health & Biological Sciences (AHBS)
2
BIO 130 Laboratory Manual DCC, AHBS Dept.
Dr. Sandra Fraley Department of Allied Health & Biology Sciences
Dutchess Community College
Copyright ? 2017 by Sandra Fraley, PhD All rights reserved. Permission in writing must be obtained from the author before any part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying
and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system
First printing: Fall 2017
3
Preface
Format of the BIO 130 Lab Manual
The material in this lab manual is designed to encourage discovery-based learning. Each Lab is constructed in alternating fact/question/conclusion format so that concepts are presented in reasoned sequence with statements and questions alternating, leading you to make conclusion about a topic.. After performing lab experiments, you will be asked to draw conclusions based on your interpretation of the results. As much as possible, the manual avoids a step-by-step directional approach. Instead, it is hoped that you can discern and anticipate procedures that will give you controlled experimental results. BIO 130 is a course in which it is you develop your best practices ? both in terms of scientific knowledge and in study habits. It is hoped you will take these with you to success in your future courses.
The manual is organized by semester week. Each week's front page gives the lecture topics, an overview of the class's lab topics, and specific Assignments, if any. The focus of lab activities will generally correspond and relate to lectures topics. Your professor may use the same Assignments or devise his/her own. Assignments may be supplemented with quizzes.
Table of Contents
BIO 130 Course Overview
Required Texts
Assignment summary list
Determination of final grades
Academic Accommodations Student expectations Course description Course objectives Course Student Learning Outcomes Institutional Student Learning Outcomes Tips for Success in Anatomy & Physiology
Week 1
Lecture: Lab 1
Review of Course Topics, Expectations Ch 1 (parts) Ch 2 (specified sections) - Chemistry & Measurements
Lab Rules and Safety procedures Introduction to lab equipment Scientific method; Designing an experiment
Read before class: Ch 1, Section 1.2 ? Scientific Method) Instructional Format for Writing Scientific Reports
- General rules of graphing
Assignment 1 Writing a Scientific Report Due date:
Week 2
Lecture: Ch 4 ? Atoms & Elements; Ch 5 - Radioactivity Lab 2 Measuring Mass with triple beam balance Significant figures and Rounding off
(coordinates with Ch 2, Section 2.3 p31) Common U.S. System conversions (temperature, mass)
(coordinates with Ch 3, Section 3.3 p67)
4
Page
9-
9 9 9 9 10 10 10 11 11 11
13-
14 15 16 17 17
19
20-
21 22 23
Week 3
Lecture: Ch 6 ? Ionic and Molecular Compounds; Ch 7 ? Chemical Quantities and Reactions
Lab 3: Mass/Volume relation Density (coordinates with Ch 2, Section 2.7, pp46-49) Specific Gravity (coordinates with Ch 2, p50)
Assignment 2:
Due Date
Atomic Structure, Electron distribution, Periodic Table
5
26-
27 31 32 33
Week 4
37-
Lecture: Ch 10 (Acids and Bases and Equilibrium)
Lab 4
Pre-lab ? effective ranges of some pH indicators
38
Colorimetric assays for pH
39
Buffers
41
-Assessing Buffer Effectiveness
43
Assignment 3:
Due date:
Graph: Buffers & Buffer Capacity
46
-Instructions for graphing in Excel
Week 5
48-
Lecture: Ch 8 (Gases)
Lab 5:
Gases: Measuring respiratory CO2
49
with pH indicators ? effects of exercise
- Pre-Lab Ch10 ? Chemistry link to Health (Buffers in Blood Plasma),
p353 (the carbonic acid/bicarbonate buffer system)
- Method, Questions & Discussion
Week 6
52-
Lecture: Ch 9 (Solutions)
Lab 6 Preparing % solutions of varying concentrations
53
6
Week 7
57-
Lecture: Ch 11 (parts) - Introduction to Organic chemistry: Hydrocarbons
Ch 12, 14 (parts) Functional groups
Lab 7
Bond type characteristics, polar, nonpolar
58
(coordinates with Ch 6, 11, 13)
Functional groups- formulas & modeling (Ch 12, 14)
59
Week 8
62-
Lecture: Ch 13 ? Carbohydrates
Lab 8:
Carbohydrates: chemical structures and Molecular modeling
63
Colorimetric tests: Benedict's, Iodine tests
66
(glucose, sucrose, starch)
Week 9
70-
Lecture: Ch 15 ? Lipids; Cell membranes and transport
Lab 9 Cell membrane & transport mechanisms
72
-Diffusion: a) in liquid, b) in agar /temperature
74
-c) Osmosis: -using a dialysis membrane
76
-effects of temperature
Assignment 4: Osmosis, effects of temperature (graphing)
78
Due date:
Week 10
79-
Lecture: Ch 16 ? Amino acids, Proteins, and Enzymes
Lab 10
Molecular modeling: amino acid, peptide
80
Enzyme activity ? effect of enzyme concentration (amylase, starch) 80
-Pre-Lab questions
80
-Experiment (Method)
81
Week 11
Lecture: Ch 17- Nucleic Acids and Protein synthesis Lab 11:
Introduction to binocular light microscope use for observation of cells
Identification of microscope parts Image reversal, Field of view, Depth of field `e', `thread' slides Cell nucleus localization (prepared slide) Cell nucleus visualization:
-wet mount (cheek smear) preparation, nucleus stain Practice: 2-min focusing drill (100x)and Grading Rubric
7
83-
84 84 85 86 86 87
Week 12
88-
Lecture: Ch 7 Redox reactions & energy relations (Basic definitions)
Ch 18 (Metabolic Pathways and ATP Production)
Lab 12
Assignment 5 (In Class) - grading sheet
89
-Microscope- Graded two-minute drill for focusing at 100x
Overview of cell structure/function using models (cell, mitochondrion) 90
Osmosis/Toncity - (blood cell in microscope, test tube)
92
(coordinates with Ch 9)
Week 13
97-
Lecture topics Basics of Anatomy : Introduction to the Human Body
see online text: _
Ch 1 at: -Levels of structural organization (atom to organism) -Organ Systems of the Human Body
-Homeostasis (Negative Feedback, Positive Feedback)
:
-Anatomical Terminology
Lab 13
Human Body (human body models-torso, limbs
98-
-Anatomical terminology, organ systems
8
Week 14
103-
Lecture topics
see online text:
Ch 3: Cell Growth and Division at
-Cell Cycle
-Interphase
-Structure of chromosomes (compare to chromatin)
-Mitosis and cytokinesis
Cell division: mitosis followed by cytokinesis
-Phases of mitosis
-Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
Lab 14
Microscopic examination of Mitosis
104
(whitefish, onion root tip slides)
End-of-semester review (notes page)
108
Week 15
109
Final Exams
................
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