I



I. Where Are Ethnicities Distributed?

• A. Distribution of Ethnicities in the United States

o 1. Clustering of Ethnicities

▪ a. Regional Concentrations of Ethnicities

▪ b. Concentration of Ethnicities in Cities

o 2. African American Migration Patterns

▪ a. Forced Migration from Africa

▪ b. Immigration to the North

▪ c. Expansion of the ghetto

• B. Differentiating Ethnicity and Race

o 1. Race in the United States

▪ a. “Separate But Equal” Doctrine

▪ b. “White Flight”

o 2. Division by Race in South Africa

▪ a. Apartheid System

▪ b. Dismantling of Aparteid

II. Why Have Ethnicities Been Transformed into Nationalities?

• A. Rise of Nationalities

o 1. Nation-States

▪ a. Nation-States in Europe

▪ b. Denmark: There Are No Perfect Nation-States

o 2. Nationalism

• B. Multinational States

o 1. Former Soviet Union: The Largest Multinational State

▪ a. New Baltic Nation-States

▪ b. New European Nation-States

▪ c. New Central Asian States

o 2. Russia: Now the Largest Multinational State

▪ a. Russians in Other States

o 3. Turmoil in the Caucasus

▪ a. Azeris

▪ b. Armenians

▪ c. Georgians

• C. Revival of Ethnic Identity

o 1. Ethnicity and Communism

o 2. Rebirth of Nationalism in Eastern Europe

III. Why Do Ethnicities Clash?

• A. Ethnic Competition to Dominate Nationality

o 1. Ethnic Competition in the Horn of Africa

▪ a. Ethiopia and Eritrea

▪ b. Sudan

▪ c. Somalia

o 2. Ethnic Competition in Lebanon

• B. Dividing Ethnicities Among More Than One State

o 1. Dividing Ethnicities in South Asia

▪ a. Forced Migration

▪ b. Ethnic Disputes

2. Dividing Sri Lanka Among Ethnicities

o IV. What is Ethnic Cleansing

• A. Ethnic Cleansing in Yugoslavia

o 1. Creation of Multi-Ethnic Yugoslavia

▪ a. Ethnic Diversity in the Former Yugoslavia

o 2. Destruction of Multi-Ethnic Yugoslavia

▪ a. Ethnic Cleansing in Bosnia

▪ b. Ethnic Cleansing in Kosovo

B. Ethnic Cleansing in Central Africa

• I. Case Study: Ethnic Conflict in Rwanda

II. Introduction

III. Global Forces, Local Impacts: Dividing the Kurds

IV. Contemporary Geographic Tools: Documenting Ethnic Cleansing

V. Summary

VI. Case Study Revisited: Ethnic Cleansing in Central Africa

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