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TISSUES DISSECTIONWHAT’S IN THAT CHICKEN LEG YOU ARE EATING?Recall that a tissue is a group of many of the same type of cells working together to perform a common function. The four main types of tissues in an animal are: epithelium; connective; muscle; and nervous.Epithelium covers whole bodies, and organs, and lines the inside spaces of hollow organs. There are many types based on the shape of the cells.Connective tissue connects one part of a body to another. It includes bone, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, adipose (fat) and blood.Muscle tissue contracts to cause movement in a skeleton or organ. It comes in three varieties: skeletal – what you normally think of as your muscles, cardiac (heart) and smooth.Nervous: This sends and receives electrical impulses from the brain and spinal cord. The brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves are its main parts.We are all familiar with chicken legs because we or someone we know has eaten them. Chickens are animals of the class of vertebrates called Aves (fancy Latin for “birds”). Since chickens are animals, they have animal tissues.The purpose of this activity is to dissect a raw chicken leg to discover, explore, and describe the various animal tissues in it.Procedure:Use scissors to cut along the length of the leg just under the skin. Notice how tough and fairly elastic the skin is. Use your finger or the closed scissors to separate the skin from the muscle by scraping between the outer skin and the underlying muscle. The thin stuff you are ripping is connective tissue.Remove the entire skin. Save it for description and drawing later.You may find yellowish globby, slimy stuff. This is adipose (fat) tissue. It is usually just under the skin.Remove the muscle from the bone (the muscle is the pinkish stuff you eat once it has been cooked). You will need to scrape and cut along the bone to do this. You may find tendons in the muscle looking like white straps or ribbon. Tendons are connective tissue. Remove the whole muscles together with as little hacking as possible. See if you can separate different parts of the muscle from each other. You may see extremely thin clear tissue separating parts. This is connective tissue.Try to separate smaller long thin muscle bundles or fibres from each other by pulling and “teasing” apart the tissue using two pointed probes. The arrangement of cells in long bundles together is why your Christmas turkey meat is sometimes stringy and can often be pulled into strings like a cheese string. Some kinds of roast beef and pork (“pulled pork” or beef on a bun) also exhibit this muscle arrangement.Scrape the bone with the sharp edge of the scissors to get it fairly clean of meat. Notice how hard bone is.Look at and feel the ends of the bone. The shiny whitish smooth parts are cartilage. They were in the joints between bones – just like how your knee has cartilage inside it. Bone and cartilage are connective tissues.If it really is your lucky day, you may find blood vessels in the muscle or entering the bone. Blood vessels are made of epithelium and smooth muscle. Inside them is blood.Use the bone cutting scissors to cut the bone into two equal lengths. This is a cross section (like snapping a pencil in half – but using scissors). Notice how hard it is. Chickens and other birds have hollow bones to make them light so they can fly. Notice the reddish mucky stuff in the hollow centre. This is bone marrow. It makes blood cells.Cut one of the bone halves in half again along its length on opposite sides. You will have two lengths like a log split in half with an axe.Pick the bone marrow plete the chartCHICKEN LEG TISSUE PARTSTissueWhere was itDescribe its structure (anatomy)Draw itWhat type was it (epithelium, connective, muscle, nervous)Describe its function (physiology)? (What does it do?)skintissue just under skinfatcartilageTissueWhere was itDescribe its structure (anatomy)Draw itWhat type was it (epithelium, connective, muscle, nervous)Describe its function (physiology)? (What does it do?)bonemeatBone marrowAny other (tendons, blood vessels, etc)CHICKEN LEG DISSECTION TISSUES QUESTIONSCircle the best response This tissue contracts to cause motiona) epitheliumb) musclec) nervousd) connectiveThis tissue sends and receives electrical signals to cause things to happen or to sense thingsa) epitheliumb) musclec) nervousd) connectiveThis tissue covers a surface or lines a cavitya) epitheliumb) musclec) nervousd) connectiveThis tissue joins one part of a body to another a) epitheliumb) musclec) nervousd) connectiveIn the chicken leg, this tissue covers the leg and has “goose bumps” on ita) epitheliumb) musclec) nervousd) connectiveThe bone in the chicken leg is this type of tissue a) epitheliumb) musclec) nervousd) connectiveInside the hollow bone of the chicken leg is mostlybone marrowb) connective tissuec) nervous tissued) both a and bThe yellow gooey, slippery, oily part found in clumps on the chicken leg was this type of tissuea) epitheliumb) adiposec) nervousd) connective e) both b and dThe white tough ribbon-like tissue attaching bundles of muscle to the bone is this type of tissuea) epitheliumb) musclec) tendond) connective e) both c and dThe shiny, smooth white, hard (but not as hard as bone) tissue on the ends of the bone is this type of tissuea) cartilageb) musclec) tendond) connective e) both a and dYou eat this meat portion of the chicken legcardiac muscleb) smooth musclec) skeletal muscled) skin epitheliumThe type of tissue you most likely did not see (or at least that which was least observable) in the chicken leg wasa) epitheliumb) musclec) nervousd) connective ................
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