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Unit 3　Inventing a Better World | |I. Vocabulary and Derivatives

Fill in each blank with the correct word.

solution 1. In the meeting, many people tried hard to find the best s n to the problem.

frustrated 2. Mary was really f ed by her lack of progress in learning English.

represented 3. Dr. Roberts r ted his country and made a speech at an international meeting.

experiments 4. For safety reasons, the teacher asked us to wear gloves while we were doing the e ts in the science labs.

spreads 5. I don’t like Leo because he often s ds something bad about me for no reason.

exhibition 6. My family and I went to an e n of Japanese paintings at the museum.

expectations 7. We had thought that the food Mrs. Diaz cooked would taste good, but it didn’t meet our e ns.

successful 8. After years of hard work, Tom finally became a s l business owner.

designed 9. The teacher d ned a new teaching program for her students to help them learn more about the subject.

mechanic 10. The m c is looking for the right tool to fix the car.

necessary 11. Food, air, and water are (necessity) for humans to survive.

explanation 12. The angry manager asked for a good (explain) for the delay in the project.

automatic 13. Elsa decides to buy an (automatically) washing machine, so she won’t have to wash clothes by hand anymore.

II. Idioms and Phrases

Fill in each blank with one of the idioms or phrases listed below. Make changes if necessary.

|before long |turn out |come from sth |

|in fact |come up with sth | |

1. Everyone thought it would be rainy and windy this afternoon, but it turned out to be a very sunny day.

2. The doctor said that my father will get well before long , so he doesn’t have to stay in the hospital anymore.

3. Mandy looks like she is 22 years old. But in fact , she is already 35.

4. I have just come up with a great idea. We can talk more about it later.

5. The writer said that the idea for his new novel came from an old Chinese story.

III. Cloze Test

Choose the correct answer to fill in each blank.

When we have a problem, we can try to find ideas from our own experiences to solve it. As the saying 1 , “Necessity is the mother of invention.” Many times, people try to look for ideas to 2 their own needs. Later on, the answer to their problem may become a great invention and change our way of life. The example below perfectly explains this point.

Teng Hung­chi, 3 a famous Taiwanese inventor, created his first invention when he was a vocational school student. At that time, he worked in a factory. One day, he was using the bathroom in the factory. He did not want to touch the faucet because his hands were dirty 4 work. The 5 of this need to wash his hands without getting the faucet dirty became one of his most famous inventions. He invented a faucet that can run by itself when people put their hands under the faucet. This young inventor later sold the rights to his invention for NT$1.5 million.

( B ) 1. (A) says (B) goes (C) comes (D) speaks

( D ) 2. (A) see (B) make (C) have (D) meet

( B ) 3. (A) that is (B) who is (C) and is (D) he is

( C ) 4. (A) of (B) for (C) from (D) at

( A ) 5. (A) result (B) damage (C) representative (D) failure

V. Multiple Choice

Choose the correct answers.

( B ) 1. Jill thinks that Jack is still smoking, but he smoking already.

(A) will quit (B) has quit (C) quits (D) is quitting

( B ) 2. John has to share his room with his only brother is nine years old.

(A) who (B) , who (C) whom (D) , which

( D ) 3. After I got married, I moved to Tainan. I here for two years now.

(A) will live (B) live (C) will be living (D) have lived

( A ) 4. Although James was already very tired, he still helped his mother do the dishes before he slept.

(A) × (B) but (C) and (D) so

( C ) 5. Steven really hopes to get an iPad. He doesn’t have enough money to buy one, .

(A) too (B) either (C) though (D) instead

( A ) 6. I cannot go shopping with you after school. I have to return the books I borrowed from the library after school.

(A) that (B) those (C) , which (D) , that

( D ) 7. The special glue on the paper helps me mark the right page without the book.

(A) to damage (B) being damaged

(C) being damaging (D) damaging

( A ) 8. Stacy didn’t finish her homework, but she told her teacher that she forgot to bring it home was really a bad excuse.

(A) , which (B) which (C) , that (D) , it

( B ) 9. Customers a young child can ask a waiter in the restaurant for a children’s high chair.

(A) , who have (B) who have (C) who are (D) and are

( D ) 10. After he has invented several great inventions, Teng Hung­chi has become known Taiwan’s Edison.

(A) with (B) for (C) to (D) as

V. Making Sentences

A. Rewrite the following sentences by using the given pattern. (6%)

|. . . N, who/which/whom/whose . . . |

1. Jade is now living in Paris. She is Mr. Lin’s only daughter.

→ Jade, who is Mr. Lin’s only daughter, is now living in Paris.

2. Yesterday, I watched the movie The Avengers. The movie was very exciting.

→ Yesterday, I watched the movie The Avengers, which was very exciting.

3. Peter is my neighbor. I often go jogging with him.

→ Peter, whom/who I often go jogging with, is my neighbor.

B. Complete the sentences by using the given words and pattern.

|S + have + p.p. |

1. I started learning English when I was six. Now, I am sixteen. So far I have learned English (learn) for ten years.

2. I called Mr. Lee’s office this afternoon, but his secretary said that she had left for (leave for) Japan for a business trip this morning.

3. My parents got married in 1990. They have been married (be married) for more than twenty years.

VI. Guided Translation

Translate the following Chinese sentences into English.

1. 這種特別的水龍頭是由內建的感應裝置所控制的。

The special faucet is controlled by a built­in sensing device .

2. 下次你遇到困難，試著想出辦法來處理它。

Next time you have a problem, try to think of a way to deal with it.

3. Silver 試著讓他的同事相信這種膠水的重要性。

Silver tried to convince his co­workers of the importance of the glue.

VII. Reading Comprehension

Read the following article and choose the correct answer to each question or statement.

Not all inventions have been the result of careful planning. Some were just discovered by chance. The following two stories are good examples of this.

George Crum was a cook. In 1853, when he was making French fries, a man sent the fries back and said that they were not thin enough. Crum was surprised and said that he would make some thinner French fries for the man. Crum cut and fried some thinner ones, but these were still not thin enough. This made Crum mad. He then cut some really thin potatoes and fried them. This time, the man liked them. Soon, other guests were ordering this same delicious snack. This is how potato chips were born.

Nearly 100 years later, in the late 1940s, an American scientist, Percy Spencer, was trying to make a machine. He hoped that the machine would be used to detect (偵測) German war planes. One day, after a failed test, Spencer found that a chocolate bar in his pocket had melted (溶化). Spencer then stood several meters away from the machine and placed some corn in front of it. Soon, the corn began to pop. Spencer had just “invented” the microwave oven (微波爐).

These two stories show that chance can play an important role in new inventions. Most of us believe that inventions take lots of hard work. However, some inventions were created just because their inventors were in the right place at the right time.

—Ian Fletcher

( D ) 1. What is the main idea of the article?

(A) Delicious dishes should be very thin.

(B) We always need a careful plan to invent something.

(C) Most useful inventions are created after lots of tests.

(D) Some great inventions were discovered by chance.

( C ) 2. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the two inventions?

(A) At first, George Crum thought that the man would like the French fries Crum had made.

(B) Crum was so angry with the man that he cut the potatoes into extra thin pieces.

(C) It took almost 100 years to invent the microwave oven.

(D) Percy Spencer wanted to use his invention to detect German war planes at first.

( C ) 3. According to the article, the first microwave oven was most likely

invented in _____.

(A) 1953 (B) 1858 (C) 1948 (D) 1940

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