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Introduction to Academic EnglishEducationLev Vygotsky BiographyInstructions: In the chart below, complete the table by taking notes on each paragraph of the biography. This text will be used to practice summarizing biographies. You will find additional materials pertaining to this website on: HYPERLINK " Points1LV - born Nov 17th 1896 - Orsha - Russia. 1917 - graduated - Moscow State University - law degree. Studied psychology - 1924 - Institute of Psychology - Moscow.234567Biography: Lev VygotskyLev Vygotsky was born in Orsha, in Russia on 17 November, 1896. He studied at Moscow State University, where he graduated with a law degree in 1917. He studied a range of subjects, including sociology, linguistics, psychology, and philosophy. However, his formal work in psychology did not begin until 1924 when he attended the Institute of Psychology in Moscow.He published six books on psychology topics over a ten-year period but his main interest was in child development and education. He is best-known for his sociocultural theory. He believed that society and culture played an important role in children's learning. Vygotsky claimed that children go through a continuous process of learning through their social interactions. He also believed that culture influenced this process. Imitation, guided learning, and collaborative learning all play an important part in his theory.Vygotsky developed several theories, including the ‘zone of proximal development’, the ‘more knowledgeable other’ and his ‘sociocultural theory’. The ‘zone of proximal development’ is the gap between what a child knows and what he does not yet know. Vygotsky believed this gap could be filled by the ‘more knowledgeable other’. This could be a parent or teacher. Vygotsky’s ‘sociocultural theory’ explained the idea that humans develop as a result of their interaction with society. Vygotsky was influenced by Piaget; however, he believed that learning could vary from one culture to the next. Society doesn't just impact people; people also affect their society.Although Vygotsky was a psychologist at the same time as Freud and Piaget, his work was not as well known. This was partly because the Communist government in Russia often criticised his ideas. Vygotsky died of tuberculosis in 1934 at the young age of 37; another reason why he was not well known.However, since his death, his work has continued to have an influence, particularly in the fields of developmental and educational psychology.Many schools have traditionally held an instructionist model where a teacher ‘transmits’ information to students. In contrast, Vygotsky’s theory promotes learning in which students play an active role. Roles of the student and teacher are shifted, as the teacher collaborates with his or her students. In this way, learning becomes a two way experience for the students and teacher.Adapted from: Lev Vygotsky Biography (2016). Retrieved from HYPERLINK " November 11th 2016.

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