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Questions for Mastering Global History Text

THE FIRST HUMAN BEINGS AND THE RISE OF RIVER VALLEY CIVILIZATIONS (35-50)

1. Define culture:

2. When was the Neolithic Revolution? Why was it an important turning point?

3. Why do civilizations develop near rivers?

4. Define civilization:

5. What two rivers were important to Mesopotamia?

6. What is cuneiform?

7. What is the Code of Hammurabi? Why was it important?

8. What river is important to Egypt?

9. Who ruled over Egypt?

10. List 4 accomplishments of Egypt.

11. What two cities were important to the Indus River Valley?

12. Which river was important to the development of China?

13. What goods did the kingdom of Kush trade?

14. Describe the writing system of Phoenicia.

CLASSICAL CIVILIZATIONS OF THE WEST (57-63)

15. Define empire.

16. Describe Greece’s geography.

17. Why did city-states develop in Greece?

18. What was life like in Sparta?

19. What was life like in Athens?

20. Define Golden Age.

21. Who was Alexander the Great?

22. What was the Hellenistic Culture?

23. What were 5 achievements of the Ancient Greeks?

24. Describe Italy’s geography.

25. What were the two main social classes in Rome?

26. What was the Senate?

27. Define republic.

28. What were the Twelve Tables of Roman Law?

29. Who was Julius Caesar?

30. What was the Pax Romana?

31. Emperor ___________________ made Christianity the official religion of Rome.

32. What were 4 reasons for the decline of the Roman Empire?

CLASSICAL CIVLIZATIONS OF THE EAST (64-68)

33. Who arrived in India in 1500s B.C.?

34. Describe the caste system in Indian society.

35. Draw the social pyramid of life in India.

36. Who was at the bottom of the caste system? Could they ever escape?

MAJOR WORLD RELIGIONS EMERGE (68-72)

37. What do Buddhists believe in?

38. What were two accomplishments of the Gupta empire in India?

39. What is a dynasty?

40. What was the Mandate of Heaven?

41. What was Confucius known for?

42. What was Lao-zi known for?

43. What are four beliefs of Confucianism?

44. What was the role of Jesus in Christianity?

45. What are three beliefs of Christianity?

LOOKING AT GOVERNMENTS (83-84)

46. Describe ancient monarchies.

47. Where did democracy start?

48. How does a democracy work?

49. What is a constitutional monarchy?

50. What is a totalitarian government? Give an example….

NEW CULTURES EMERGE (85-90)

51. Where did emperor Constantine move the capital of the Roman Empire?

52. Why was the location of Byzantium so important?

53. What form of Christianity rose in Byzantium?

54. Why did Byzantium fall?

55. What were two ways that the Byzantine Empire influenced Russia?

56. What are the Five Pillars of Faith in Islam?

57. Where did Islam spread to?

58. What were four accomplishments of Islamic culture?

FEUDAL EUROPE (90-93)

59. Who was Charlemagne?

60. Describe how feudalism “works”.

61. Describe the manor system.

62. Why was the Catholic Church so powerful during the Middle Ages? (give 3 reasons)

63. What two groups fought in the Crusades?

64. What were three effects of the Crusades?

KINGDOMS OF AFRICA (114-117)

65. Where was Ghana located?

66. How did Ghana become so wealthy?

67. Who was Mansa Musa?

68. What trade city became powerful under Mansa Musa?

THE WARRIOR STATES OF ASIA (118-121)

69. Describe the geography of central Asia.

70. Why was Ghengis Khan an important Mongol leader?

71. Who was Marco Polo?

72. Draw the Japanese feudal triangle.

73. Define Bushido.

RESURGENCE OF EUROPE (122-125)

74. What was the black death?

75. What was one result of the black death?

76. Why did the Renaissance begin in Italy?

77. Define Humanism.

78. Define Secularism.

79. Who was Martin Luther?

80. Why did Martin Luther post the 95 Theses?

81. What were three effects of the Protestant Reformation?

ENCOUNTER BETWEEN EUROPE AND THE AMERICAS (141-149)

82. How did the very first people come to the Americas?

83. Where were the Mayas located?

84. What were four accomplishments of the Mayas?

85. Where were the Aztecs located?

86. Where were the Inca located?

87. What were four motives for exploration?

88. List three explorers.

89. Describe the relationship between Cortez and Montezuma.

90. What are four ways cultural diffusion can occur?

91. What were three results of the slave trade?

92. Define the Middle Passage.

EUROPE IN THE AGE OF KINGS (150-154)

93. What was the Commercial Revolution?

94. Define capitalism.

95. What was the Divine Right of Kings?

96. Define absolutism.

97. What did Thomas Hobbes say about government/kings?

98. How did Peter the Great affect Russia?

99. How did Catherine the Great affect Russia?

100. What is a constitutional monarchy?

101. What were the three steps in the development of a constitutional monarchy?

102. What did John Locke say about government?

103. Describe the scientific method.

104. Who were four Enlightenment thinkers and what did each believe in?

105. Define enlightened despots.

THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AND ITS IMPACT (176-182)

106. What were the three estates in France?

107. What was the Estates General?

108. Who was the King of France in 1789?

109. What was the National Assembly?

110. What prison was stormed that symbolized the start of the French Revolution?

111. What was the Declaration of the Rights of Man?

112. Who led the Reign of Terror?

113. List three results of the French Revolution.

114. Who took over after the French Revolution?

115. What led to Napoleon’s downfall?

116. What were three results of Napoleon’s rule?

117. Define balance of power.

118. Define nationalism.

119. List three leaders of Latin American wars of independence.

120. What was the Monroe Doctrine?

THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION (183-187)

121. Define mass production.

122. What were the five preconditions to industrialization?

123. Why was James Watt an important figure during the Industrial Revolution?

124. Describe the working conditions in factories.

125. Define urbanization.

126. What was laissez-faire capitalism?

127. Who was Karl Marx?

128. What are four main ideas of Communism?

NATIONALSIM AND IMPERIALISM (188-197)

129. Who was the Nationalist leader that helped unite Italy?

130. Who united Germany? What was his policy called?

131. Why was Tsar Alexander II important to Russian history?

132. Define pogrom.

133. Define imperialism.

134. List four reasons for imperialism.

135. What was the Sepoy Mutiny (Rebellion)?

136. What were four impacts of British rule in India?

137. Why did so many countries try to gain land in Africa?

138. What happened at the Berlin Conference?

139. What were three positive effects of imperialism in Africa?

140. What were three negative effects of imperialism in Africa?

141. What was the Opium War?

142. Describe what was meant by “Spheres of Influence”.

143. What effect did the Tokugawa Shoguns have on Japan?

144. Who opened trade with Japan?

145. Who convinced Japan to modernize and industrialize?

146. What were three changes made during the Meiji Restoration?

147. What was the Open Door Policy?

148. What was the Boxer Rebellion?

THE CRISIS OF THE EARLY 20TH CENTURY (213 – 220)

149. Who was Sun Yat-Sen?

150. What were four causes of World War I?

151. What event sparked World War I?

152. Why did the United States enter World War I?

153. What were Wilson’s Fourteen Points?

154. What treaty ended World War I?

155. Describe two ways Germany was punished after World War I.

156. How did Kemal Ataturk help Turkey?

157. How did Nicholas II stop unrest in Russia in 1905?

158. What did the Bolsheviks believe in?

159. Who led the Bolsheviks?

160. What did the Bolsheviks rename themselves?

161. What does U.S.S.R. stand for?

THE WORLD BETWEEN THE WARS (221-227)

162. Describe Lenin’s N.E.P.

163. Who took over after Lenin?

164. List five changes that happened under the rule of Stalin.

165. Define depression.

166. What is fascism?

167. Who led the fascist party in Italy?

168. What are four characteristics of fascism?

169. Define anti-semitism.

170. What were three of Hitler’s visions for Germany?

171. Describe 4 different aspects of life under Hitler’s dictatorship.

WORLD WAR II AND ITS AFTERMATH (228-238)

172. When was World War II?

173. What were three causes of World War II?

174. Describe the Holocaust.

175. What groups were targeted during the Holocaust?

176. What happened in December 1941?

177. What countries made up the Allied Powers?

178. What countries made up the Axis Powers?

179. What were the Nuremberg Trials?

180. Who two cities were hit by atomic bombs?

181. What were four changes made to Japan after World War II?

182. After World War II, the Soviet Union and the United States became known as ________________________.

183. Describe the purpose of the United Nations.

184. What are the five branches of the United Nations?

185. Who was Mohandas Gandhi?

186. What were three ways India fought for independence?

187. What religion dominated India?

188. What religion dominated Pakistan?

189. Describe the Vietnam conflict.

190. What was the Zionist Movement?

191. Who was Kwame Nkrumah?

192. What are four problems facing developing nations? (251)

193. Describe the Green Revolution. (252)

THE COLD WAR (253-261)

194. What was the Cold War?

195. Describe three ways western democracies were different than Soviet Communism.

196. What was the Truman Doctrine?

197. Define containment.

198. What was the Marshall Plan?

199. Describe how Germany was divided.

200. What was NATO?

201. What was the Warsaw Pact?

202. Who was Mao ZeDong?

203. What was the Long March?

204. Describe what was meant by “Two Chinas”.

205. What were three ways China changed under Mao?

206. Why did the United Nations go to war in Korea?

207. What did Nikita Khruschev believe in?

208. How was Khruschev different than Stalin?

209. Who was Fidel Castro?

210. What was the Bay of Pigs invasion?

211. Describe the Cuban Missile Crisis?

212. What was the Great Leap Forward?

213. Describe Mao’s Cultural Revolution.

214. How did Ho Chi Minh affect South Vietnam?

215. Who was the leader of the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia?

PROBLEMS IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD (262-271)

216. What was apartheid?

217. What happened in Sharpeville?

218. Why was Israel attacked?

219. Who were the three leaders involved in the Camp David Accords?

220. Define P.L.O.

221. What was the goal of the P.L.O.?

222. What was O.P.E.C.?

223. Why was there a revolution in Iran?

224. Define what Islamic fundamentalists believe in?

225. Why type of governments ruled Latin America from 1930’s – 1980’s?

226. Define human rights.

POST COLD WAR PERIOD (271-280)

227. Define détente.

228. Which Soviet leader implemented détente?

229. Define glasnost.

230. Define perestroika.

231. Which Soviet leader implemented glasnost and perestroika?

232. Who led the Solidarity movement in Poland?

233. What were five economic changes made by Deng Xioaping in China?

234. What happened at Tiananmen Square?

235. Who was Yasir Arafat?

236. Describe Nelson Mandela’s importance to equality in South Africa.

237. Define IRA.

238. Describe the ethnic cleansing that took place in Yugoslavia.

239. What caused the Persian Gulf War of 1991?

240. What is global interdependence?

241. Why has Japan been able to develop economically?

242. What was the European Union?

243. What was NAFTA?

GLOBAL CONCERNS (299-308)

244. What did Thomas Malthus say about the increase in population?

245. What are some possible solutions to overpopulation?

246. What are three methods used by terrorists to achieve their goals?

247. What is global warming?

248. What is deforestation?

249. Define desertification.

250. Why is urbanization a problem?

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