Introduction to Networking Protocols and Architecture
[Pages:21]Introduction to Networking Protocols
and Architecture
Raj Jain Professor of CIS The Ohio State University Columbus, OH 43210
Jain@
These slides are available on-line at:
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Overview
u Data Comm vs Networking vs Distributed Systems u Types of Networks u Protocol Layers: OSI and TCP/IP Models u Connection-oriented vs connectionless u Layered packet format
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Data Communication vs Networking
u Communication: Two Nodes. Mostly EE issues.
u Networking: Two or more nodes. More issues, e.g., routing
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Distributed Systems vs Networks
u Distributed Systems: u Users are unaware of underlying structure. E.g., trn instead of \n\bone\0\trn u Mostly operating systems issues. u Nodes are generally under one organization's control.
u Networks: Users specify the location of resources. http:\\cis.ohio-state.edu\~jain\ u Nodes are autonomous.
SSeerrvveerr
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Types of Networks
u Point to point vs Broadcast
WAN
Bus LAN
u Circuit switched vs packet switched
Ring LAN
u Local Area Networks (LAN) 0-2 km,
Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN) 2-50 km,
Wide Area Networks (WAN) 50+ km
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Protocol Layers
u Problem: Philosophers in different countries speak different languages. The Telex system works only with English. I believe there is a God!
Philosopher
Translator
Secretary
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Design Issues for Layers
u Duplexity: u Simplex: Transmit or receive
u Full Duplex: Transmit and receive simultaneously u Half-Duplex: Transmit and receive alternately u Error Control: Error detection and recovery u Flow Control: Fast sender
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ISO/OSI Reference Model
Application
3 Presentation
Session
2
Transport Network
Datalink 1 Physical
File transfer, Email, Remote Login ASCII Text, Sound Establish/manage connection End-to-end communication: TCP
Routing, Addressing: IP Two party communication: Ethernet
How to transmit signal: Coding
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