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Research Paper12th Advanced EnglishMaterials:One Manila EnvelopeIndex Cards5 References (At least three print sources)Access to a computerGuidelines:Each student will write a five to six page research paper. The paper must be typed and double-spaced. The paper must be in MLA format. It must contain at least five full paragraphs, and each paragraph must consist of 7-10 sentences. The paper must have both a research question and a thesis statement. An outline of the paper must also be included. The thesis statement will be the last sentence in your first full paragraph. Each student must obtain at least five reference sources from the library. A minimum of thirty-five (35) documentations must be used in the paper. However, more documentations will probably be necessary. A bibliography card must accompany each source, and note cards must accompany each bibliography card. Direct quotes and paraphrased information will go on the color-coded note ics:Students will choose one of the topics from the attached handout based in British literature. If a student chooses to venture outside of these topics, he or she must have the topic approved by Mrs. Fountain.Requirements:***Papers are due on Friday, December 4, 2015!!!!. NO EXCEPTIONS! LATE PAPERS WILL RESULT IN A 20 POINT DEDUCTION FOR EVERY DAY IT IS LATE unless you have an EXCUSED absence. You will turn in your bibliography cards, note cards, references, rough draft, and final copy in your manila envelope. All of your work must be turned in together. If sections of your work are missing, points will be deducted from your grade. Plagiarism will result in a grade of zero (0), and you will be required to write another paper on an assigned topic for no credit. MAKE SURE YOU DOCUMENT YOUR PAPER CORRECTLY!ALL DETAILS WILL BE EXPLAINED AND REVIEWED IN CLASS.“Every job is a self-portrait of the person who does it. Autograph your work with excellence.”- AnonymousStudent’s Name (First and Last)Mrs. FountainEnglish 124 December 2015Title of Research PaperThis heading should only be on the FIRST page of your paper. Do not continue to put this on every page. You should type your paper in Times New Roman 12 point font. Make sure to double-space your paper, and use 1” margins. I will be able to tell if you use a different font.Each paragraph should contain a minimum of 7-10 sentences. Most of your paragraphs will contain more, and your paper should be at least 5-6 pages in length. The page length requirement does not include the outline page or the works cited page. Your content must be 5-6 pages in length. Points will be deducted for papers that do not meet the length requirement. Refer to the handouts that are given for information concerning the paper. If you have any questions, please email Mrs. Fountain at fountainp@.OutlineThesis: Shakespeare utilizes the extravagant superstitions of the Elizabethans to fuel his integration of the supernatural elements in Hamlet and Macbeth by portraying ghostly apparitions and witches in a manner that follows popular belief and stimulates the conspiracy plots.IntroductionBeliefs of Elizabethan Era SuperstitionsWitchesGhostsHamletBackgroundExplanation of GhostAnalysis of Shakespeare’s Use of GhostMacbethBackgroundAnalysis of Shakespeare’s Use of Witches and GhostsDifferences in Shakespeare’s Use of Supernatural in Hamlet and MacbethConclusionOutlineThesis: Introduction ConclusionWorks CitedChambers, Rick. No Place to Lay Their Heads. New York: Schirmer Books, 1986. Print.Cole, Wendy, Tamerlin Drumond, and Sharon E. Eppeson. “Adoption in America.” Time. 14 Aug. 1994: 50-51. Print.Fleetwood, Blake. “There is Nothing Wrong with Adoption.” 15 Apr. 2002: On-Line. “Homelessness.” Collier’s Encyclopedia. 1993 ed. Print.HELPFUL REMINDERS FOR YOUR RESEARCH PAPERDo not use 1ST OR 2ND PERSONMake sure to stay in the same verb tense; do not go from past to present.Do not use contractions.Your introduction and conclusion must contain AT LEAST 5 SENTENCESEach paragraph MUST contain AT LEAST 7 SENTENCESYou must have an introduction, thesis statement, 3 body paragraphs, and a conclusion. You may have more paragraphs; this is simply a minimum.Make sure to include textual citations in your paper. You should cite all outside information, including ideas that you summarize or paraphrase.Make sure you have a Works Cited Page at the end of your paper.Do not use slang or abbreviations in your paper.Do not use texting acronyms in your paper.Your paper must be in MLA Format, using Times New Roman, 12 pt font!!!Make sure to integrate your information into your own sentences. Only 25% of your paper should be in direct quotes. You should summarize and paraphrase information as much as possible.Do not ever say, “I am writing about . . .” or “I am going to tell you about . . .” or “My paper is about . . .” or ANYTHING SIMILAR TO THIS. Remember: do not tell the reader what you are going to do; just do it.Make sure to use correct grammar.Watch forRun-ons (including comma splices)Sentence fragmentsComma usageCorrect spellingCorrect documentation of sources.If you have ANY questions, feel free to ask! Good Luck!!!Rules for In-Text Citations within PaperWhat Information Do I Cite?Cite quotations and borrowed ideas.You must, of course, cite all direct quotations. You must also cite any ideas borrowed from a source: summaries and paraphrases; statistics and other specific facts; and visuals, such as cartoons, graphs, and diagrams.Enclose directly quoted information in quotation marks.Put summaries and paraphrases in your own words.MLA In-Text CitationsAuthor Named in Signal Phrase: If you use the author’s name within the sentence, simply put the page number in parentheses before the punctuation.EX: Frederick Lane reports that employers do not necessarily have to use software to monitor how their employees use the Web; employers can “use a hidden video camera pointed at an employee’s monitor” and even can position a camera “so that a number of monitors [can] be viewed at the same time” (147).Author Named in Parentheses: If the author’s name is not within the sentence, put the author’s last name and page number in parentheses. If there is more than one author, include all the last names along with the page number.EX: Companies can monitor employees’ every keystroke without legal penalty, but they may have to combat low morale as a result (Lane 129).Author Unknown: Either use the complete title in a signal phrase or use a short form of the title in parentheses. Titles of books are underlined when handwritten but italicized when typed; titles of articles are put in quotation marks.EX: A popular keystroke logging program operates invisibly on workers’ computers yet provides supervisors with details of the workers’ online activities (“Automatically”).Page Number Unknown: You may omit the page number if a work lacks page numbers, as is the case with many Web sources. When the pages of a Web source are stable (as in PDF files), however, supply a page number in your in-text citations.Documenting Sources in MLA**This information goes on your Bibliography Cards and on your Works Cited Page. Skip any information you cannot find when documenting each source.**Books:Basic Format for a Book:Author’s Last Name, Author’s First Name. Title of Book. City of Publication: Publishing Company, Copyright Year. Print.Author with an Editor:Author’s Last Name, Author’s First Name. Title of Book. Ed. Editor’s First Name And Last Name. City of Publication: Publishing Company, Copyright Year. Print.Editor with No Author:Editor’s Last Name, Editor’s First Name, ed. Title of Book. City of Publication: Publishing Company, Copyright Year. Print.Work in an Anthology:Author of the Selection’s Last Name, First Name. “Title of the Selection.” Title of Anthology. Ed. Editor’s First Name and Last Name. City of Publication: Publishing Company, Copyright Year. Pages of Selection. Print.Encyclopedia or Dictionary Entry (With Author):Author’s Last Name, First Name. “Title of Entry.” Title of Book. Edition Number, ed. Copyright Year. Print.Encyclopedia or Dictionary Entry (No Author):“Title of Entry.” Title of Book. Edition Number, ed. Copyright Year. Print.Sacred Text:Title of Book. Ed./Trans. Editor’s/Translator’s First and Last Name. City of Publication: Publishing Company, Copyright Year. Print.Articles in PeriodicalsArticle in MagazineAuthor’s Last Name, First Name. “Title of Article.” Title of Magazine. Date of Publication: Page Numbers. Print.Article in Magazine with Volume and EditionAuthor’s Last Name, First Name. “Title of Article.” Title of Magazine. Volume. Edition (Year): Page Numbers. Print.Electronic SourcesAn Entire Website (With Author):Author’s Last Name, First Name. Title of Website. Copyright Year/Date of Last Update. Name of Sponsoring Organization. Web. Date of Access.An Entire Website (Author Unknown):Title of Website. Copyright Year/Date of Last Update. Name of Sponsoring Organization. Web. Date of Access.Article/Page from a Web Site (With Author):Author’s Last Name, First Name. “Title of Article.” Title of Website. Copyright Year/Date of Last Update. Name of Sponsoring Organization. Web. Date of Access.Article/Page from a Web Site (Author Unknown):“Title of Article.” Title of Website. Copyright Year/Date of Last Update. Name of Sponsoring Organization. Web. Date of Access.Online Book:Author’s Last Name, First Name. Title of Book. City of Publication, Publishing Company, Copyright Year. Date of Access.Article from Online Database:Author’s Last Name, First Name. “Title of Article.” Title of Journal/Magazine. Date of Publication: Page Numbers. Database. Sponsoring Library. Web. Date of Access.Multimedia Sources:Film or Video:Title. Dir. Director’s First and Last Name. Perf. Lead Actors’ First and Last Names. Distributor, Year of Release.Television Program:“Title of Episode.” Title of Program. Network. Date of Broadcast.Personal Interview:Person’s Last Name, First Name. Personal Interview. Date of Interview.List of Sources Form**This information goes on your Bibliography Cards and on your Works Cited Page. Skip any information you cannot find when documenting each source. Remember, the first portion of this citation will go as your parenthetical citation within your paper. Also, remember to insert a hanging indentation when copying this information onto your Bibliography Cards and onto your Works Cited Page.**Book with One Author:Capellanus, Andreas. The Art of Courtly Love. New York: Columbia University Press. 1960. Print , . .Author’s Last Name Author’s First Name Title of Book (italicize): , . .City of Publication Publishing Company Copyright Year Print or Web, . .Author’s Last Name Author’s First Name Title of Book (italicize): , . .City of Publication Publishing Company Copyright Year Print or Web, . .Author’s Last Name Author’s First Name Title of Book (italicize): , . .City of Publication Publishing Company Copyright Year Print or WebBook with Two Authors:Shenkman, Richard and Kurt Reiger. One-Night Stands with American History. New York: First Perennial, 2003. Print , and , Author’s Last Name Author’s First Name Author’s First Name Author’s Last Name. : ,Title of Book (italicize) City of Publication Publishing Company. .Copyright Year Print or WebEncyclopedia or Dictionary Entry: *Most will not have an author*“Courtly Love.” American Heritage College Dictionary. 4th, ed. 2007. Print., . .Author’s Last Name Author’s First Name Title of Entry (in quotation marks). , ed. . .Title of Book (italicize) Edition Number, ed. Copyright Year Print or WebElectronic Sources:Schwartz, Debora. “Backgrounds to Romance: ‘Courtly Love.’” Cal Poly College of Liberal Arts. March 2001. California Polytechnic State University. Web. 31 March 2015., . .Author’s Last Name Author’s First Name Title of Article (in quotation marks). . Title of Website (italicize) Copyright Year/Date of Last Update (Day Month Year) . . .Name of Sponsoring Organization Web Date of Access (Day Month Year), . .Author’s Last Name Author’s First Name Title of Article (in quotation marks). . Title of Website (italicize) Copyright Year/Date of Last Update (Day Month Year) . . .Name of Sponsoring Organization Web Date of Access (Day Month Year), . .Author’s Last Name Author’s First Name Title of Article (in quotation marks). . Title of Website (italicize) Copyright Year/Date of Last Update (Day Month Year) . . .Name of Sponsoring Organization Web Date of Access (Day Month Year)Article from Online Database:Mann, Lindsay A. “’Gentilesse’ and the Franklin’s Tale.” Studies in Philology 63.1 (Jan. 1966): 10-29. JSTOR. University of North Carolina Press. Web. 18 July 2010., . .Author’s Last Name Author’s First Name Title of Article (in quotation marks). : . . Title of Journal/Magazine (italicize) Date of Publication Page Numbers Name of Database (italicize). . .Sponsoring Library Web Date of Access (Day Month Year), . .Author’s Last Name Author’s First Name Title of Article (in quotation marks). : . . Title of Journal/Magazine (italicize) Date of Publication Page Numbers Name of Database (italicize). . .Sponsoring Library Web Date of Access (Day Month Year)Accessing Online Databases:An online database is simply an online storage system for files. These are considered print sources.Alabama Virtual LibraryGo to to “Student Resources” and “High School”Popular Databases to Access:EBSCOhost SearchHistory Reference CenterBritannica E-BooksLiterature Resources from GaleTroy University LibraryGo to “Find,” access “Databases”Popular Databases to AccessAcademic Search CompleteEBSCOhostJSTOR-Arts and Sciences Collection (literature)Username: ahowell33236Password: aph251Google ScholarGo to Senior Research Paper TopicsRemember, your thesis must be an arguable statement that you can prove through textual references, research, examples, and your own insight!!Each topic must have at least 1-2 pieces of British literature to help prove the thesis!!Broad Topics: These topics leave room for your own interpretations and pare and contrast two literary periods of British literature (Middle Ages vs. Renaissance; Renaissance vs. Romantic Era; Anglo-Saxon vs. Middle Ages; etc.)Choose two authors, poems, or prose pieces to help prove your thesis.Possible questions to explore:How did the earlier work or author influence the one that came after it? What do modern critics think? What aspects of the earlier period’s work can still be seen in that of the later period? What does this say about what people at the time thought was important?What can be learned about the development of literature through the study of similarities in these two works or authors? How does this relate to modern interpretations?Over the past few years, you’ve studied Shakespeare, and in each of these plays, you’ve encountered the abnormal and supernatural. Discuss the Elizabethan’s beliefs in the supernatural and how these beliefs are seen within one of Shakespeare’s plays. Examine the purpose of his inclusion of the abnormal and supernatural. Make sure to explore the significance of each example.Along with the ideas of heroism, we’ve discussed the medieval chivalric code. What was the chivalric code and how did it influence life during the Middle Ages? Discuss at least one piece of literature or one author and the inclusion of this code and the purpose of this.Select two or more works and show how religion affected those works.Does the writer expect the reader to learn about faith from the literature? Is there a change in attitude about theology from one era to the next? Compare someone from the Renaissance or Medieval Era to someone in the Enlightenment to show us the change from a faith-centered reality to a reason-centered reality, and what that looks like. Or discuss the role God plays in the lives of the characters from several works:?Beowulf and?Paradise Lost?are two great examples.Choose any author and/or time period and discuss the portrayal of?men and women?during the time period. How do they?view the roles of men and women in society? In marriage? Do?their writings?address sexual issues directly or do they make their point in less direct ways (satire? humor? irony?)? Does the fact that a male writer presents these issues matter in your assessment of how accurate you think they are? In?some of the earliest texts we read in the history of English literature, we encountered varying definitions of what constitutes a hero. Compare and contrast two specific works and their corresponding time periods?to produce a definition of heroism and perhaps how heroism has changed over those periods. Or use other heroes from the text as examples.Develop a theme that you believe is explored in many (and perhaps unusual) ways within one author or time period. Perhaps the idea of pride as destructive (Beowulf, Milton's Satan); honor and bravery (Middle Ages). If you have questions about any theme (and what examples might apply), please talk with me before you embark on the reading and writing.Text Specific- These topics relate to a specific piece of literature and/or author we’ve covered.BeowulfThe influence of Christianity in Beowulf. Some scholars believe that Beowulf was written by a Christian monk who added Christian elements to the story. How do these elements affect the poem?Good vs. Evil. How are the concepts of good and evil presented in Beowulf? Does this reveal anything about Anglo-Saxon society?The belief of fate in Beowulf. How much of the plot depends on individual choice, and how much depends on fate? Does Beowulf control his own actions through choice, or is he driven by something out of his control?Religious symbolism. Take a look at the religious symbolism, especially in battle scenes. What does this reveal about the role of religion?Anglo-Saxon traditions. How do Anglo-Saxon traditions affect the events of the poem? Are they accurate or invented and exaggerated, as many scholars believe?The Canterbury TalesResearch and discuss the role/view of the Church during the Middle Ages. How is this view seen within Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales? Focus on the characterizations of the religious pilgrims in the Prologue. “The Wife of Bath’s Prologue and Tale” and Medieval attitudes of women.FrankensteinCompare and Frankenstein and Prometheus. Discuss why Shelley chose to give Victor Frankenstein the title of “the Modern Prometheus.” What parallels exist? What point was Shelly trying to make?Role of women in society of the day and Shelley’s portrayal of women in the novel. (What were the expectations placed upon them? What were their goals and pursuits? What jobs were open to them? Were Justine, Elizabeth, and Caroline “typical”?) In your essay, make sure to discuss Shelley’s own view of women, as well as that of her mother. Is it ironic that Shelley would portray such passive women in her novel?Elements of Gothic literature in the novel. Examine these elements as well as their effect on the novel as a whole.The influence of the author’s life on the story. Discuss parallels within Mary Shelley’s own life and the events through the novel. Analyze the author’s decision to include these parallels within the text, and examine the deeper significance. What point is the author trying to make, or is she making a point at all? The “nature vs. nurture” and its applications to the novel. (What causes the creature’s personality to develop the way it does?) Discuss the concept of nature versus nurture in general. Which has a greater influence within the novel and why? MacbethIs Macbeth a villain or a victim or his fate, wife, the supernatural, etc.? Take a position on whether you believe Macbeth is destined to be evil or whether other things influence him to become evil. Is he competently in all his dealings and relationships, or is there more to him. How does he change throughout the play? What is his tragic flaw? Identify his transition from hero to tyrant. Be sure to find examples from the text to support your response, and analyze the causes of his evolution.Discuss the use of hallucinations and visions in the play. Why do you think Shakespeare included these visual effects? How do these visions and hallucinations help to shape the character and his/her state of mind? Give details from the text to support your response.Gender roles throughout the play. How does Lady Macbeth’s understanding of Macbeth’s character help her to manipulate him to carry out the murder of King Duncan? Explain Macbeth as a “Tragic hero.” How does he meet all of the necessary traits of a tragic hero? Explain Lady Macbeth as a villain. What is her motivation for manipulation to kill Duncan? What do literary critics say about both characters? Explain role reversal as it exists in the play and gender inequality that existed at the time the play was written. Was there something in Shakespeare’s life and times that influenced the development of these characters?Explore the relationship between spouses in Macbeth. Look at the relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth, as well as Macduff and Lady Macduff. What do they have in common? What differentiates them?> How equal are the relationships? Explain in detail.The supernatural plays an important role in Macbeth. Discuss the Elizabethan’s beliefs in the supernatural and how these beliefs are seen within the play. Examine the purpose of his inclusion of the abnormal and supernatural. To what extent do they further the actions of the drama. Make sure to explore the significance of each example.Explain the importance and role of the witches and the prophecies to the outcome of the play. What was the witches’ motivation for tricking Macbeth? Do they control the outcome of the play or simply influence it? Would the story have been different without them? Is there something in Shakespeare’s personal life and times that shows a fascination with witchcraft> What do the literary critics say about the witches and their influences on Macbeth? What evidence from the play (quotes and examples) supports your thesis concerning the role of the witches?**You may choose another topic or piece of literature, but it must be approved by Mrs. Fountain by Monday, November 16, 2014!!!*** ................
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