SPARC Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi



Anxiety MedicationsMaintenance MedicationsSSRIs: Selective Serotonin Reuptake InhibitorsCommon side effects:Upset stomachSexual dysfunctionSerious side effectsSuicide Risk: Black Box Warning under 24 years oldSerotonin syndrome (fever, stiffness, agitation, tremor)Time to Effect6-8 weeks at a therapeutic doseMedicationsGenericBrandDosing RangeCitalopramCelexa10-40 mg dailyEscitalopramLexapro5-20 mg dailyFluoxetineProzac10-80 mg dailyParoxetinePaxil10-60 mg dailySertralineZoloft25-200 mg dailySNRIs:Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake InhibitorsMay also work for nerve pain/fibromyalgiaCommon side effects:Increased blood pressureUpset stomachSexual dysfunctionSerious side effectsSuicide Risk: Black Box Warning under 24 years oldSerotonin syndrome (fever, stiffness, agitation, tremor)Time to Effect6-8 weeks at a therapeutic doseMedicationsGenericBrandDosing RangeDesvenlafaxinePristiq50 mg dailyDuloxetineCymbalta20-120 mg dailyVenlafaxineEffexor37.5 mg – 300 mgAs Needed (PRN) MedicationsBenzodiazepinesShort term use only recommendedCommon Side EffectsDisinhibitionDizziness, unsteadinessDepressionSedationCognitive effectsFallsRebound anxietySerious Side EffectsPhysical dependence and abuseSevere withdrawal (tremor, anxiety, seizures, death)Risk in overdose: can be fatal in combination Drug InteractionsTime to effect: 15-60 minutesNote: Effect only lasts 2-12 hoursMedicationsGenericBrandEquivalent DoseDosing RangeAlprazolamXanax1 mg0.25 – 1 mg QID(4 times daily)ClonazepamKlonopin0.5 mg0.25 – 2 mg BID(2 times daily)DiazepamValium10 mg2-10 mg BID-QID(2-4 times daily)LorazepamAtivan1 mg0.5 – 2 mg TID (3 times daily)Other MedicationsGenericBrandDosing RangeTime to EffectCommon Side effectsBuspironeBuspar7.5 mg – 30 mg BID-TID(2-3 times daily)Max: 60 mg dailyWeeksSome have benefit with each doseDizzinessNauseaHydroxyzineAtaraxVistaril10-100 mg BID-QID(2-4 times daily)30-60 minSedationDry mouthConstipationBenzodiazepine FAQ’sQ: What are some common benzodiazepines?BrandGenericAtivanLorazepamKlonopinClonazepamLibriumChlordiazepoxideValiumDiazepamXanaxAlprazolamQ: How do benzodiazepines work?A: Benzodiazepines work by calming down neurons in the brain to treat some of the physical symptoms of anxiety. However, they do not treat the cognitive or psychiatric symptoms of anxiety.Q: What are common side effects of benzodiazepines?A: Common side effects include:DizzinessSedation or sleepinessConfusionMemory impairmentLow blood pressureBlurred visionQ: What are the risks of long-term benzodiazepine treatment?A: Benzodiazepines are usually not used for long-term treatment, as there are significant risks to long-term therapy. These can include:Worsening anxiety over timeDizziness and confusion leading to falls and injuriesMemory lossPhysical dependence, which can lead to a dangerous withdrawal syndrome if stoppedQ: What are some signs and symptoms of benzodiazepine withdrawal? And what should I do if I have these symptoms?A: Signs and symptoms of benzodiazepine withdrawal include numbness, tremors, headaches, rapid heart rate, anxiety, and in severe cases, seizures.If you have these symptoms, you should speak to your doctor immediately. If the symptoms are severe, you should seek a walk in appointment or go to the emergency room. ................
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