PHYSICS



IB PHYSICS SL GOHS

TOPIC 2.1-2.2 TEST REVIEW: Kinematics and Forces & Dynamics

|The measure between begin point and end point |velocity |

|Involves magnitude and direction |displacement |

|Change in displacement per unit of time |distance |

|Involves magnitude only |speed |

|Change in velocity per unit of time |acceleration |

In the table below match all that apply:

1. Using the number line above, explain how an object could have positive, negative and no displacement.

2. Using the graph to the right, describe the motion of the cat during every time interval.

3. What is displacement? What is the unit of displacement?

4. What is velocity? What are the units of velocity? What is the equation for velocity?

5. What is acceleration? What are the units of acceleration? What is the equation for acceleration?

6. Explain the relationship between velocity and acceleration. (i.e. if one is positive and so is the other one, what is the outcome of an object in motion?)

7. Using the graph to the left, explain the relationship between speed and velocity.

8. What is the term used to describe when an object is accelerated solely by the acceleration due to gravity? What is the symbol for acceleration due to gravity? What is the value of acceleration due to gravity?

9. As an object falls toward the earth is it speeding up? Explain. Why would it be considered to have a negative velocity and acceleration?

10. Does mass/weight affect how fast an object falls to earth in a vacuum? Explain.

11. Rachel, Katie, and Jeni run in the strangest 3-legged race ever run. In a dead sprint, they reach a speed of 1.55 m/s. It takes them 3.22 seconds to reach their top speed. What is the distance they run to reach their top speed?

12. A boat traveling downstream at a speed of 2.0 m/s accelerates at a rate of 1.25 m/s2 for a 21 sec period. What is the final velocity of the boat?

13. Mike, Bryan, and Nico decide to jump off a cliff into a body of water 20 meters below them. Using the constant of 9.81 m/s2 for acceleration due to gravity, what is their speed when they hit the water?

14. An automobile with an initial speed of 4.30 m/s accelerates uniformly at the rate of 3.00 m/s2. Find the final speed and the displacement after 5.00 s.

15. A motorboat accelerates uniformly from a velocity of 6.5 m/s to the west to a velocity of 1.5 m/s to the west. If its acceleration was 2.7 m/s2 to the east, how far did it travel during the acceleration?

16. A peregrine falcon dives at a pigeon. The falcon starts downward from rest and falls with free-fall acceleration. If the pigeon is 76.0 m below the initial position of the falcon, how long does it take the falcon to reach the pigeon? Assume that the pigeon remains at rest.

17. A ball is thrown vertically upward with a speed of 25.0 m/s. (a) How high does it rise? (b) How long does it take to reach its highest point? (c) How long does it take to hit the ground after it reaches its highest point? (d) What is its velocity when it returns to the level from which it started?

18. To lift a patient, four nurses grip the sheet on which the patient is lying and lift upward. If each nurse exerts an upward force of 240 N and the patient has an upward acceleration of 0.504 m/s2, what is the weight of the patient?

19. A 0.10-kg ball is thrown straight up into the air with an initial speed of 15 m/s. Find the momentum of the ball (a) at its maximum height and (b) halfway to its maximum height.

20. A pitcher claims he can throw a 0.145-kg baseball with as much momentum as a 3.00-g bullet moving with a speed of 1.50 x 103 m/s. (a) What must the baseball’s speed be if the pitcher’s claim is valid? (b) What is this speed in mph? (1 mi = 5280 ft; 1 in = 2.54 cm)

21. A 60.0-kg woman jumps from a burning building and falls 10.0 m before making contact with a safety net, which stops her in 0.120 s. What is the average force exerted by the net on her?

22. A car is stopped for a traffic signal. When the light turns green, the car accelerates, increasing its speed from 0 to 5.20 m/s in 0.832 s. What are the magnitudes of the linear impulse and the average total force experienced by a 70.0-kg passenger in the car during this time?

23. A pitcher throws a 0.15-kg baseball so that it crosses home plate horizontally with a speed of 20 m/s. It is hit straight back at the pitcher with a final speed of 22 m/s. (a) What is the impulse delivered to the ball? (b) Find the average force exerted by the bat on the ball if the two are in contact for 2.0 x 10–3 s.

24. A 730-N man stands in the middle of a frozen pond of radius 5.0 m. He is unable to get to the other side because of a lack of friction between his shoes and the ice. To overcome this difficulty, he throws his 12 N physics textbook horizontally toward the north shore, at a speed of 5.0 m/s. How long does it take him to reach the south shore?

25. A rifle with a weight of 30 N fires a 5.0-g bullet with a speed of 300 m/s. (a) Find the recoil speed of the rifle. (b) If a 700-N man holds the rifle firmly against his shoulder, find the recoil speed of man and rifle.

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