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PLO 5 “Emplify Ethical Practices in technology usage”Drone Uses by the United States Assignment Redesign Drones Uses by the United StatesIn my original MATLT assignment, it was designed to integrate technology into a lesson. In week 3 assignment, I will redesign the assignment on Drones uses in the United States” in order to “Exemplify ethical practices in Technology Usage” to demonstrate the attainment of learning outcome 5 and the use of principles and theories. As an educator, it is my responsibility to ensure that my students obtain the knowledge of ethical and copyright laws (Copyright, 2012). The textbook used for EDU 649 course explained; “Teachers must model and teach safe, legal and ethical uses of digital information and technology” (Newby, p.280). The purpose of this assignment is to encourage students to use safe ethical practices and legally use of technology and how to locate and recognize legal websites. Technology tools used for this assignment are the classroom and school library computers, school’s projector, flicker, Bubbli.us, , and for research. The theories used for this assignment are the learning theories; Cognitive, Behavioral and social learning theories. Cognitive knowledge means having the ability to organize information, use verbally and using cognitive strategies. Behavioral learning is skilled based on composing, using procedures and automatic stimulus under the right condition and circumstances for a person to learn. Social Learning Theory by Albert Bandura studied that social learning is by observation, imitation of others, modeling, paying attention and being motivated. Project (Represents the outcome)Kingdom High School 12th Grade Social Studies class assignment for their final Social Studies grade for the school year involves separating the students in 5 groups of four students each to complete a presentation and write a paper by researching Drones used by the United States. The purpose of the project is to evaluate the students understanding and skills by using a variety of ways to research a subject and locate ethical websites. The assignment involves planning, implementing and evaluating the groups’ assignment, learning to locate ethical websites. Students are to integrate the technology used into their presentation in the form of bubbl.us to be presented to the class for assessment. The student groups will have an assigned date to present their finished product to the class by using the schools projection and flicker system to present their presentation (Learning, 2011). The groups will evaluate each other’s presentation for the final grade. Drones are defined as vehicles without pilots on board and operated by the internet (Drones, 2012). Students will research Drones used in the United States on the internet by going to the library, searching and going to to locate at least 3 videos on Drones used by the United States. YouTube video links are listed below:Unmanned Spy Drones to be used by Police on US Citizens located at U.S. Drone Industry: Nothing to hide- nothing to fear located at Drones are already being used Against American People located at for demonstrationaccording to the textbook Educational technology for Teaching and Learning:Principles for Using Demonstration – students will demonstrate how the bubbl.us is used to brainstorm and outline their research on Drones Used by the United States. 1. While planning, preparation, and practice are important for all instructional methods 2. Ensure that all can see and hear. 3. Present the demonstration in small, sequential steps. 4. Allow the audience to practice. It is often motivational for learners to watch a Demonstration and then attempt to complete it themselves (Teaching, 2011). Students met together and discussed their paper design and presentation design and how they plan to present to the class their presentation. Students will also discuss the principles used and define their uses.Principles for Using Discussions - represents the discussions and presentations brought to class by each group by sharing with class for discussion. 1. Provide motivation before beginning a discussion by using a common reading, a picture, an audio recording, or a short video to secure the interest and attention of the students.2. Encourage active participation from each group member. The exchange of ideas among group members are a critical factor in learning from discussions.3. Questions are needed to stimulate discussion and should be prepared beforehand. 4. Either you or your students may prepare the questions (Teaching, 2011). Students working together as groups to demonstrate what drones on, research Drones and put together their presentation requires cooperative learning and the principles of cooperative learning are: Principles for Using Cooperative Learning – Represents students working together sharing equal responsibility for the research and putting the work together.Build an atmosphere that encourages participation and cooperation. Help students realize the advantages of working together as a team. This can be facilitated by requiring that all members of the group have roles to fill that are necessary for the group’s success.Teach group processes to the students. Effective group cooperative efforts do not happen by chance.Learn to facilitate, not dominate. It is important for you to take on the role of monitor, facilitator, and guide instead of director (Teaching, 2011).Video is very effective in helping students learn, videos on Drones Used by the United States via can be seen on a large computer monitor or by using the school’s media center.Principles for using video:1. Check lighting, seating, and volume controls before the showing.2. Prepare students by reviewing previously learned content and by asking new questions. 3. Stop the videotape at appropriate points for discussion.4. Highlight major points by writing them on the chalkboard or overhead (Teaching, 2011).Evaluating the presentations done by the groups of students is important in assessing how well their assignments were done and how effective the learning instruction is worked. Evaluation is defined as “the process gathering information from multiple sources in order to judge the merit or worth of a program, project, or entity” (Rossi, Lipsey, & Freeman, 2004).Thorough and continuous evaluation contributes to this in the following ways:1. Identifying areas of the content that are unclear, confusing, or otherwise not helpful.2. Identifying areas of the content that have the highest priority for revision because they are (1) the most critical aspects, (2) the most difficult to learn, or (3) likely to have the greatest impact on learning. 3. Providing a rationale and evidence in support of making specific revisions (Teaching, 2011).Group 1 Paper: “Drones used in the United States” (Example)Drones? Lookup! What do you see? Is it a bird? Where are the Drones? We may ask ourselves many questions when it comes to Drones. We may not see them or know that they even exist. Drones are here and watching all of us. In April of this year 2012, the United States Congress passed legislation that will allow the sky in our country to be open to drones operated by the military and police (YouTube, 2012). The industry of building drones is on the rise; new companies are opening up all over the country to watch us, not just for military and police use. The FAA is opening up airspace for drones, also called unmanned vehicles. Drones are here to stay; according to a report on YouTube by 2020, there will be 30,000 drones in the sky (YouTube, 2012).Drone bases are located or being built in almost every state in the United States. The Pentagon Drone base list identifies 110 areas. The report can be found at (YouTube, 2012).The sizes of drones can range from a bee, a plane or a bird, in fact there is the Humming bird drone that is used to spy on citizens which was built and funded in 2006 by Aerovironment Inc., of Simi Valley. The hummingbird craft has a wing span of 6 inches and carries a camera. Drones can be as large as a plane; the main purpose of the plane drones is to use in war zones to spy on the enemy and in some cases as a weapon. Example pictures of drones (YouTube, 2012).UAV+2.jpg pigeon_screenshot.jpgMosquito, can you imagine? 576003_388012744566350_100000728826999_1277948_50156790_n. History of drones date as far back as the early 1900s, with the fast grow of technology today, the industry is growing at a rapid rate. Today many uses of drones are search and rescue, used in combat, armed attacks, scientific research, oil, gas and mineral exploring, surveillance tools such as the capability to scan vehicle license plates, face recognition and many ore uses. The privacy laws for individuals need to be update and rights to privacy protected. Although there may be good and helpful uses for the drones today, many private citizens are alarmed and complaining.In the news today Drones are a part of some Universities curriculum; at least 25 colleges are offering degrees in spy technology and unmanned craft Bachelor’s Degrees (YouTube, 2012).The United States military has become dependent on drones; they embrace the rapid growing technology. Drones have been used in the last wars for surveillance, warfare and fight against terrorism. There are five things to remember about drones today and in the future according to article.1. Despite concerns of legality, drone technology is moving ahead at full speed. Drones have the ability to perform tasks that are too dangerous for humans. The year of 911 incidents, there were 60 drones, since then the count has gone from 60 to 6000 as of today2. Rise of the “cubicle warriors” also called human warriors and drone pilots are being trained and recruited at a faster rate than the traditional pilots. Drone pilots travel and spend their days working in a virtual world. “According to P.W. Singer, Brookings Institute fellow and author of the 2009 book “Wired for War,”?said drone pilots face higher levels of combat stress?than do some soldiers physically deployed in Afghanistan.?To dispute the idea Noah Shacthman of Wired magazine?said that drones turn war into a video game in his article: “No part of war is like a video game. Not even the part of war that involves a lot of glowing plasma screens is in any way like a video game. War can be slow; war can be deliberate; war can be boring; and war can have very serious consequences. None of that is true about a video game”. “Even the parts of war that would seem the most video game-esque — controlling a Drone, remotely operating a heavy weapon, doing some surveillance — even those things are so plodding and so deliberate, and the consequences are so great, that they’re really nothing like a video game whatsoever” (PBS, 2009). 3. Desensitizing war for everyone else. The idea that everyone will be able to view war video or TV will desensitize the reality that war is real because drone wars are downloaded for everyone to view. The fear that drones war would encourage more wars to come. 4. The global drone arm race. The United States is not the only country using drones in war and surveillance. China, Israel and the UK are a few countries using the drone technology. The race in drone technology brings on the fear of drone war everywhere in the world. 5. Drones at home are the ones used by law enforcement in some parts of the country particularly the Mexico border and where drug trafficking rings are bringing drugs into the United States (PBS, 2012).In conclusion, the students are informed of what is expected of them in order to fulfill the course requirements. Goals and objectives are similar; goals are defined as “broad general statements concerning the course program and what activity is need to complete the course”; objectives are defined as “brief, clear statements that describe the desired learning outcomes of instruction” (Assessment, 2012). Instructional objectives described in details what knowledge and skills a student should possess at the completion of the course. An instructional objective is “a solid framework to guide their studies and assist them in preparing for their assessment” (Assessment, 2012). I chose this assignment with the PLO principles and learning theories in mind for group assignment for my class. The basic principles in this assignment are objectivism/Behaviorism and Constructivism/Interpretivism (Babbagh, 2006). To redesign this assignment was not complicated to do; it was not a challenge to do. The first redesign I failed to explain the MATLT outcomes and theories for assignment. This assignment encourages research, use of technology and learning how to respect and use materials governed by copyright laws. As Lin (2007) wrote, “the materials that teachers use will ensure that they are ethical and safe for students use” (Lin, 2007). Choosing this assignment with the principles and instruction in mind for a group assignment for my class. To redesign this assignment was not complicated to do; it was not a challenge to do. This assignment encourages research, use of technology, learning and teaches ethics on copyright laws, privacy laws, and descriptive ethics which are ethics that are defined as the study of what people believe in concerning morality.ReferencesAssessment Primer: Goals, Objectives and Outcomes (2012). Retrieved from . New-Sheet_1nl5mpvq.jpg (2012) located at a Military Drone Base coming to your hometown? Retrieved from to-your- Hometown.Lin, H. (2007).?The ethics of instructional technology: issues and coping strategies experienced by professional technologists in design and training situations in higher education.?Educational Technology Research and Development, 55, 411-437. Retrieved from Boston, Lever-Duffy, J. & McDonald, J. B. (2011). Teaching and learning with technology (4th Ed.) Pearson Education, Inc. /Allyn & BacoNeed to Know. (2011). Retrieved from Things/drones/12659/Newby, T., Stepich, D., Lehman, J., Russell, J., & Ottenbreit-Leftwich, A. (2011).?Education technology for teaching and learning. (Fourth Ed.). Boston: Pearson.Spy Drones are already being used Against American People (2012). Retrieved from HYPERLINK " 9305943BD14" 9305943BD14 Unmanned Spy Drones to be used by Police on US Citizens. (2012). Retrieved from Drone Industry: Nothing to hide- nothing to fear. (2012) Retrieved from . Copyright Office. (2012).?Fair use. Retrieved from ? ................
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