Contents



Extremist Backlash DA Index

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Link – Fiating Immigration Reform Leads to Domestic Terror 1/2 5

Link – Fiating Immigration Reform Leads to Domestic Terror 2/2 6

Link and Threshold – Immigration Reform During a Recession 7

Link – Immigration Reform Promotes Cross-Linkages 8

Link – Immigration Reform Promotes Reactionary Discourses 9

Link – Fiat Leads to National Debate 10

Link Support – Raising Possibility of Reform Empirically Increases Hate Rhetoric 11

Link Magnifier – Disgruntled Vets 12

Link Magnifier – Conservative Media 13

Link Magnifier – Conservative Media 14

Link Magnifier – Anti-Immigrant Rhetoric 15

Link Magnifier - Scapegoating 16

Link Magnifier – Fear of Terrorism 17

Link Magnifier - Backlash Snowballs 18

Impact Extension – Domestic Terrorism 19

Impact Extension – Domestic Terrorism 20

Impact Extension --Bioterrorism 21

Impact – Dirty Bombs 22

Impact – Violence and Murder for Racial Minorities 23

Impact - Genocide 24

Impact - Race Wars 25

Impact – Racist Society 26

Terminal Impact Extension – Bioterrorism = Extinction 27

Terminal Impact – Racism = Extinction 28

**AFF ANSWERS**

Aff Answers: Decision Rule 29

Aff Answers—Giving in to Right-Wing terror = extinction 1/2 30

Aff Answers—Giving in to Right-Wing terror = extinction 2/2 31

Aff – Uniqueness – Hate Crimes High Now 32

Aff – Uniqueness – Hate Group Recruitment High Now 33

Aff – Uniqueness – Anti-Immigrant Rhetoric Now 34

Aff – Uniqueness – Anti-Immigrant Fervor Inevitable 35

Aff – Uniqueness – Anti-Immigrant Voting Now 36

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A. The plan is a spark that ignites a fire. New pro-immigrant legislation will inflame right-wing extremists who are on the threshold of serious violence. Cross-pollination with Neo-Nazis and anarchists increases the risk.

Miller 09 national security correspondent for the LA Times

(Greg, “The Nation; Right-wing extremists seen as threat; A Homeland Security report says groups are on the rise because of fears about Obama and the recession”, Los Angeles Times, National Desk; Part A; Pg. 14, LexisNexis)

The economic downturn and the election of the nation's first black president are contributing to a resurgence of right-wing extremist groups, which had been on the wane since the Oklahoma City bombing in 1995, according to a U.S. intelligence assessment distributed to state and local authorities last week. The report, produced by the Department of Homeland Security, has triggered a backlash among conservatives because it also raised the specter that disgruntled veterans returning from the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan might "boost the capabilities of extremists . . . to carry out violence." The assessment noted that domestic security officials had seen no evidence that such groups were planning attacks in the U.S. But it is the first high-level U.S. intelligence report to call attention to an array of recent domestic developments as potential harbingers of terrorist violence. Among other factors cited in the report were increased prospects for gun control and immigration legislation under President Obama, as well as resentment over the rising economic influence of countries such as China, India and Russia. But the assessment focuses most of its attention on animosity toward Obama and anxiety over the recession. "The economic downturn and the election of the first African American president present unique drivers for right-wing radicalization and recruitment," the report warns in the first of a series of findings. Overall, the document describes an economic and political climate that has "similarities to the 1990s, when right-wing extremism experienced a resurgence fueled largely by an economic recession, criticism about the outsourcing of jobs, and the perceived threat to U.S. power and sovereignty by other foreign powers." The unclassified report was not released publicly but was distributed among law enforcement agencies across the country before it surfaced online this week. It was produced by the intelligence and analysis branch of the Department of Homeland Security. Though it covers an array of issues, the assessment has drawn fire from conservatives over a judgment that focuses on the potential violence of returning U.S. troops. "The willingness of a small percentage of military personnel to join extremist groups during the 1990s because they were disgruntled, disillusioned or suffering from the psychological effects of war is being replicated today," the report said. The assessment cites the case of Timothy McVeigh, who was executed in 2001 after being convicted of a bombing that killed 168 people at the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City 14 years ago this month. McVeigh was a decorated veteran of the Gulf War who was accused of plotting the bombing in retaliation for government clashes with a religious sect in Waco, Texas, and rural anti-government militias. The Homeland Security document cites a 2008 FBI report that said some troops returning from Afghanistan and Iraq had joined extremist groups. The prospect that someone trained in military methods might carry out independent attacks or help form terrorist cells is described as "the most dangerous domestic terrorism threat in the United States." Veterans groups have expressed dismay at the report's language, and accused the Department of Homeland Security of political bias. "To continue to use McVeigh as an example of the stereotypical 'disgruntled military veteran' is as unfair as using Osama bin Laden as the sole example of Islam," said David K. Rehbein, the national commander of the American Legion, in a letter sent Monday to Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano. House Minority Leader John A. Boehner (R-Ohio) also criticized the report, saying its depiction of veterans was "offensive and unacceptable." Responding to the criticism, Napolitano said at an event in El Paso that she regretted the report had left the impression that the department was singling out former troops as a threat to the nation. Napolitano, who as a U.S. attorney was involved in the case against McVeigh, said her department honored veterans and employed thousands of them. But she defended the report as part of an ongoing effort to warn of emerging domestic threats. "We don't have the luxury of focusing our efforts on one group," Napolitano said. "We must protect the country from terrorism, whether foreign or homegrown." Homeland Security officials dismissed accusations that the report was politically motivated, noting that a similar assessment issued in January focused on concerns that left-wing extremists were poised to increase their use of cyber attacks over the next decade. The department routinely issues intelligence warnings to state and local authorities, a role it was assigned in response to criticism that the federal government had failed to do so in the months preceding the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks. Describing right-wing groups' animosity toward Obama, the report said extremist organizations were "harnessing this historical election as a recruitment tool." It cited two cases before the election where potential threats against Obama were disrupted by law enforcement. The assessment also listed economic factors -- including increases in real estate foreclosures and unemployment -- as creating a "fertile recruiting environment" for right-wing groups. And it describes evidence compiled by local law enforcement agencies that extremist groups are stockpiling weapons out of concern that Congress and the Obama administration might enact legislation requiring the registration of all firearms. The report also said a push for new immigration legislation that would grant residency or citizenship to people who entered the country illegally could fuel anger among groups fearing competition for jobs.

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B. Radical right extreme violence is on the brink. There will be waves of violence, hate crimes, and domestic terrorism.

Beirich and Potok 09 director of research and intelligence project, Southern Poverty Law Center

Heidi and Mark, Southern Poverty Law Center, “USA: Hate Groups, Radical-Right Violence, on the Rise,” Policing,

A perfect storm is brewing. An economic meltdown, high rates of non-white immigration, rapid demographic change and now the election of America's first African American president are fueling widespread rage on America's radical right (and, to a lesser extent, in parts of the political mainstream). These developments are likely to lead to growth in the number of hate groups, higher levels of hate-motivated violence, and continuing domestic terrorism, presenting significant challenges for law enforcement professionals in the near future. And if antigovernment sentiment continues to grow in the wake of these political trends, law enforcement officials may well find themselves personally targeted, so a full understanding of these movements, from both the perspective of protecting the public and officer safety, is imperative. Some leaders of the organized radical right, reacting to the campaign and ultimate election of Barack Obama, have openly suggested that more violence is on the way. Thom Robb, an Arkansas Klan leader, described in November 2008 the ‘race war’ he sees developing ‘between our people, who I see as the rightful owners and leaders of this great country, and their people, the blacks’ (Robb, 2008). This rage has already resulted in two alleged violent plots, including one in which a pair of neo-Nazi skinheads in Tennessee were arrested just 2 weeks before the 2008 elections. They were accused of planning to murder black school children, shoot and behead other African Americans, and assassinate Obama, then still only a candidate. Law enforcement officials too, have recently been targeted by members of the radical right angered by current political developments. Three Pittsburgh, PA, officers were allegedly killed in early April after responding to a domestic dispute at the home of Richard Poplawski, who feared the government was plotting to round up Americans and inter them in concentration camps (Potok, 2009). Poplawski was extremely antigovernment, believing that the federal government, the media and the banking system were controlled by Jews, and non-white races were inferior. In late April, Joshua Cartwright, a reported member of the Florida National Guard, allegedly killed two Okaloosa County, FL, sheriff's deputies in a shootout at a gun club (Holthouse, 2009). Cartwright believed the U.S. government was conspiring against him and was reportedly ‘severely disturbed that Barack Obama had been elected president’. The need for appropriate intelligence and training about these movements has never been clearer. Today's far right is nothing like its predecessors, such as the 1920s-era Klan, which saw itself as the patriotic defender of its country and culture. Since the 1989 fall of the Berlin Wall and the disappearance of the Communist bogeyman, the American radical right has turned into the foremost enemy of the U.S. federal government—a revolutionary force that seeks to transform the United States, not a restorationist effort to try to bring back an imagined, Edenic past. That was made most dramatically obvious on 19 April 1995, when Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols, men steeped in the conspiracy theories and white-hot fury of the American radical right, took out their antigovernment fury on innocents by bombing the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, OK. The shocking result was 168 dead, including 19 children lodged in a day-care center there.

Right-wing extremists are likely to use bioweapons

Razsi 06 PhD George Mason University and staff, Department of Homeland Security

Dustin Robert, The Ability of Intelligence to Prevent Domestic Bioterrorism, p. 25, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses

Militia groups have advocated and practiced violence against the U.S. Government for decades. Right-wing extremists have demonstrated an increasing trend in violence against their targets; given the extreme views and methods practiced by many of the far right, it is reasonable to conclude that biological and chemical weapons may be acceptable to some right-wing extremists.40 Although right-wing extremists have focused on small arms, grenades, and explosives, an increasing number of groups have turned to "more exotic devices" including biological agents.41

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C. IMPACT. Bioweapons use risks extinction. Greater risk than nuclear warfare.

Ochs 02, Chemical Weapons Working Group Member

Richard [“Biological Weapons must be Abolished Immediately,” June 9, ]

Of all the weapons of mass destruction, the genetically engineered biological weapons, many without a known cure or vaccine, are an extreme danger to the continued survival of life on earth. Any perceived military value or deterrence pales in comparison to the great risk these weapons pose just sitting in vials in laboratories. While a "nuclear winter," resulting from a massive exchange of nuclear weapons, could also kill off most of life on earth and severely compromise the health of future generations, they are easier to control. Biological weapons, on the other hand, can get out of control very easily, as the recent anthrax attacks has demonstrated. There is no way to guarantee the security of these doomsday weapons because very tiny amounts can be stolen or accidentally released and then grow or be grown to horrendous proportions. The Black Death of the Middle Ages would be small in comparison to the potential damage bioweapons could cause. Abolition of chemical weapons is less of a priority because, while they can also kill millions of people outright, their persistence in the environment would be less than nuclear or biological agents or more localized. Hence, chemical weapons would have a lesser effect on future generations of innocent people and the natural environment. Like the Holocaust, once a localized chemical extermination is over, it is over. With nuclear and biological weapons, the killing will probably never end. Radioactive elements last tens of thousands of years and will keep causing cancers virtually forever. Potentially worse than that, bio-engineered agents by the hundreds with no known cure could wreck even greater calamity on the human race than could persistent radiation. AIDS and ebola viruses are just a small example of recently emerging plagues with no known cure or vaccine. Can we imagine hundreds of such plagues? HUMAN EXTINCTION IS NOW POSSIBLE.

Link – Fiating Immigration Reform Leads to Domestic Terror 1/2

Immigration reform will spark domestic terrorism from right-wing extremist groups

Potok 10 director, intelligence project, Southern Poverty Law Center

Mark, “Rage on the Right - The Year in Hate and Extremism,” Spring, 2010

The radical right caught fire last year, as broad-based populist anger at political, demographic and economic changes in America ignited an explosion of new extremist groups and activism across the nation. Hate groups stayed at record levels — almost 1,000 — despite the total collapse of the second largest neo-Nazi group in America. Furious anti-immigrant vigilante groups soared by nearly 80%, adding some 136 new groups during 2009. And, most remarkably of all, so-called "Patriot" groups — militias and other organizations that see the federal government as part of a plot to impose “one-world government” on liberty-loving Americans — came roaring back after years out of the limelight. The anger seething across the American political landscape — over racial changes in the population, soaring public debt and the terrible economy, the bailouts of bankers and other elites, and an array of initiatives by the relatively liberal Obama Administration that are seen as "socialist" or even "fascist" — goes beyond the radical right. The "tea parties" and similar groups that have sprung up in recent months cannot fairly be considered extremist groups, but they are shot through with rich veins of radical ideas, conspiracy theories and racism. “We are in the midst of one of the most significant right-wing populist rebellions in United States history,” Chip Berlet, a veteran analyst of the American radical right, wrote earlier this year. "We see around us a series of overlapping social and political movements populated by people [who are] angry, resentful, and full of anxiety. They are raging against the machinery of the federal bureaucracy and liberal government programs and policies including health care, reform of immigration and labor laws, abortion, and gay marriage." Sixty-one percent of Americans believe the country is in decline, according to a recent NBC News/Wall Street Journal poll. Just a quarter think the government can be trusted. And the anti-tax tea party movement is viewed in much more positive terms than either the Democratic or Republican parties, the poll found. The signs of growing radicalization are everywhere. Armed men have come to Obama speeches bearing signs suggesting that the "tree of liberty" needs to be "watered" with "the blood of tyrants." The Conservative Political Action Conference held this February was co-sponsored by groups like the John Birch Society, which believes President Eisenhower was a Communist agent, and Oath Keepers, a Patriot outfit formed last year that suggests, in thinly veiled language, that the government has secret plans to declare martial law and intern patriotic Americans in concentration camps. Politicians pandering to the antigovernment right in 37 states have introduced "Tenth Amendment Resolutions," based on the constitutional provision keeping all powers not explicitly given to the federal government with the states. And, at the "A Well Regulated Militia" website, a recent discussion of how to build "clandestine safe houses" to stay clear of the federal government included a conversation about how mass murderers like Timothy McVeigh and Olympics bomber Eric Rudolph were supposedly betrayed at such houses. Doing the Numbers The number of hate groups in America has been going up for years, rising 54% between 2000 and 2008 and driven largely by an angry backlash against non-white immigration and, starting in the last year of that period, the economic meltdown and the climb to power of an African American president. According to the latest annual count by the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC), these groups rose again slightly in 2009 — from 926 in 2008 to 932 last year — despite the demise of a key neo-Nazi group. The American National Socialist Workers Party, which had 35 chapters in 28 states, imploded shortly after the October 2008 arrest of founder Bill White for making threats against his enemies. At the same time, the number of what the SPLC designates as "nativist extremist" groups — organizations that go beyond mere advocacy of restrictive immigration policy to actually confront or harass suspected immigrants — jumped from 173 groups in 2008 to 309 last year. Virtually all of these vigilante groups have appeared since the spring of 2005. But the most dramatic story by far has been with the antigovernment Patriots. The militias and the larger Patriot movement first came to Americans’ attention in the mid-1990s, when they appeared as an angry reaction to what was seen as a tyrannical government bent on crushing all dissent. Sparked most dramatically by the death of 76 Branch Davidians during a 1993 law enforcement siege in Waco, Texas, those who joined the militias also railed against the Democratic Clinton Administration and initiatives like gun control and environmental regulation. Although the Patriot movement included people formerly associated with racially based hate groups, it was above all animated by a view of the federal government as the primary enemy, along with a fondness for antigovernment conspiracy theories. By early this decade, the groups had largely disappeared from public view. But last year, as noted in the SPLC’s August report, "The Second Wave: Return of the Militias," a dramatic resurgence in the Patriot movement and its paramilitary wing, the militias, began. Now, the latest SPLC count finds that an astonishing 363 new Patriot groups appeared in 2009, with the totals going from 149 groups (including 42 militias) to 512 (127 of them militias) — a 244% jump. That is cause for grave concern. Individuals associated with the Patriot movement during its 1990s heyday produced an enormous amount of violence, most dramatically the Oklahoma City bombing that left 168 people dead. Already there are signs of similar violence emanating from the radical right. Since the installation of Barack Obama, right-wing extremists have murdered six law enforcement officers. Racist skinheads and others have been arrested in alleged plots to assassinate the nation’s first black president. One man from Brockton, Mass. — who told police he had learned on

Link – Fiating Immigration Reform Leads to Domestic Terror 2/2

white supremacist websites that a genocide was under way against whites — is charged with murdering two black people and planning to kill as many Jews as possible on the day after Obama’s inauguration. Most recently, a rash of individuals with antigovernment, survivalist or racist views have been arrested in a series of bomb cases. As the movement has exploded, so has the reach of its ideas, aided and abetted by commentators and politicians in the ostensible mainstream. While in the 1990s, the movement got good reviews from a few lawmakers and talk-radio hosts, some of its central ideas today are being plugged by people with far larger audiences like FOX News’ Glenn Beck and U.S. Rep. Michele Bachmann (R-Minn). Beck, for instance, re-popularized a key Patriot conspiracy theory — the charge that FEMA is secretly running concentration camps — before finally “debunking” it. Last year also experienced levels of cross-pollination between different sectors of the radical right not seen in years. Nativist activists increasingly adopted the ideas of the Patriots; racist rants against Obama and others coursed through the Patriot movement; and conspiracy theories involving the government appeared in all kinds of right-wing venues. A good example is the upcoming Second Amendment March in Washington, D.C. The website promoting the march is topped by a picture of a colonial militiaman, and key supporters include Larry Pratt, a long-time militia enthusiast with connections to white supremacists, and Richard Mack, a conspiracy-mongering former sheriff associated with the Patriot group Oath Keepers.

Link and Threshold – Immigration Reform During a Recession

Passing immigration reform during the recession will lead to violent reactions against immigrants

Martin 09 associate professor at Georgetown University and director of the Institute for the Study of International Migration at Georgetown's Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service. She is also the former executive director of the US Commission on Immigration Reform

Susan F. “Waiting Games: The Politics of US Immigration Reform,” Current History, Apr 2009, Vol. 108, p. 160

Although some evidence suggests that the inflow of Mexican migrants is slowing with the downturn in the economy, and some migrants have relocated from hard-hit sectors such as construction into other work, there is little evidence to date that migrants are returning home in sizeable numbers. Whether these patterns will persist with a deepening and broadening of the recession is anyone's guess at present. If the worst-case scenario of a deep and lengthy recession comes to pass, there will be a second reason to postpone comprehensive immigration reform. Too often economic crises have led to backlashes against immigrants, who are seen as taking jobs from natives, even if they are not competing in the same labor markets. Since comprehensive reform would likely include measures to legalize at least a portion of the undocumented population, such legislation could combine with economic concerns to increase the likelihood of violent reactions to immigrants. Some reliable observers, such as the Southern Poverty Law Center, report that hate crimes against immigrants in the United States have increased in the past couple of years, in no small part because the debate over comprehensive immigration reform and the prospect of a large-scale amnesty program generated a backlash. The fear is that attacks against immigrants could increase as the economy worsens and unemployment increases.

Link – Immigration Reform Promotes Cross-Linkages

Passage of immigration reform will become a rallying point for nativist white supremacist groups – they’ll use the media to spread racism and violence

Roman 2008 Professor of Law, Florida International University

Ediberto, “The Alien Invasion?” Houston Law Review, Summer, 45 Hous. L. Rev. 841, LexisNexis

Despite the use of what appears to be the most simplistic form of demagoguery, the leaders of the anti-immigration agenda have had their impact on the national stage. For instance, the failure of comprehensive immigration reform before Congress in 2006 is largely attributed to the effect of conservative talk show hosts' calls for massive telephone campaigns directed at congressional leaders in order to kill immigration reform. n75 The Speaker of the House of Representatives, Nancy Pelosi, observed, ""Talk radio, or in some cases hate radio ... just go on and on in a xenophobic, anti-immigrant' manner." n76 Even Republican presidential candidate Senator John McCain, one of the sponsors of the Senate's moderate comprehensive reform bill, n77 initially supported reform that would include a guest worker program and a path for undocumented workers to achieve citizenship. n78 However, succumbing to the outcry against such reform, he has changed his position on the matter and most recently advocated for an enforcement first approach towards immigration. n79 Perhaps given the whim to which political leaders respond to the issue, some supporters of reform have questioned the media's [*853] role in creating public opinion. Specifically, some have expressed concern regarding whether cable news conglomerates such as MSNBC - which is co-owned by General Electric and Microsoft - are championing bigotry. n80 These claims raise legitimate questions concerning who owns the airwaves and why they select, advertise, and actively market spokespersons who openly advocate racially insensitive sentiments. n81 Mark Potok of the Southern Poverty Law Center noted that hate groups "consistently try and exploit any public discussion that has some kind of racial angle, and immigration has worked for hate groups in America better than any issue in years." n82 The Anti-Defamation League (ADL) recently reported that "hateful and racist rhetoric" aimed at Latino immigrants has grown "to a level unprecedented in recent years." n83 In another report, the ADL recently observed that "as the national debate over immigration reached a fever pitch, some mainstream advocacy groups "reached for the playbook of hate groups' - resorting to hateful and dehumanizing stereotypes and outright bigotry to demonize immigrants." n84 The report concluded that a closer look at "many ostensibly mainstream anti-illegal immigration organizations - including those who testified before Congress or frequently appeared on news programs - promote virulent anti-Hispanic and anti-immigrant rhetoric." n85 Some of these organizations have even cultivated ties with extremist hate groups. n86

Link – Immigration Reform Promotes Reactionary Discourses

Immigration reform sparks anti-immigrant hate- Hispanics portrayed as job and resource stealers

Hajela and Eltman 2008 American journalist who is has been a newswoman for the Associated Press since 1996 and staff writer for Associated Press

(Deppti and Frank, USA Today, 11-12-08, , accessed 7-1-09, AN)

According to FBI statistics released last month, there were 595 incidents of anti-Hispanic bias in 2007, with 830 victims reported by law enforcement agencies. That's a 40 percent rise from 2003, when there were 426 incidents involving 595 victims. The increase mirrors greater activity in the immigration debate, with mass rallies, attempts at reform legislation, increased government crackdowns and efforts by states and municipalities to pass their own immigration laws. Census estimates of the population of Hispanics in the United States have also increased, from 39.2 million to 45.4 million, a rise of 16 percent. And the rhetoric around the topic, in the media and elsewhere, has been divisive, advocates say, sometimes portraying immigrants as stealing jobs and gobbling up resources. "The debate about immigration has been damaged by anti-Latino, anti-immigrant sentiment that's been hijacked by extremists and that some politicians have seen fit to exploit for whatever reasons," said Luis Valenzuela, executive director of Long Island Immigrant Alliance. "The point at which policy debate goes beyond what's appropriate in our public discourse is the point where you're demonizing an entire community," said Peter Zamora, Washington, D.C., counsel for the Los Angeles-based Mexican American Legal Defense and Education Fund.

Anti-Defamation League 2006

May 23, “Extremists Declare 'Open Season' on Immigrants: Hispanics Target of Incitement and Violence,”

As the public debate over immigration reform has taken center-stage in American politics and public life, white supremacists, neo-Nazis and other racists have declared "open season" on immigrants and attempted to co-opt and exploit the controversy by focusing their efforts -- and their anger -- on the minority group at the center of the controversy: Hispanics. As a result, to a level unprecedented in recent years, America's Latino immigrant population has become the primary focus of hateful and racist rhetoric and extreme violence -- aided, abetted and encouraged by America's white supremacist and racist haters. Spurred in recent weeks by the debate on Capitol Hill and the groundswell of grassroots activism in support of America's immigrant community, extremists have become increasingly emboldened by, and fixated on, the controversy over immigration policy, encouraging their supporters to capitalize on the issue by encouraging anti-immigrant activism, and even violence against all Hispanics. While white supremacists have for many years attempted to exploit rising anti-immigration sentiments in the U.S., the level and intensity of their attacks against Hispanics has reached dangerous new highs, with right-wing extremists joining anti-immigration groups, distributing anti-immigrant propaganda and holding frequent anti-immigration rallies and protests. As a result, Hispanics, regardless of their citizenship or immigration status, increasingly are becoming the targets of hatred and violence from hardcore white supremacists. Racists ranging from neo-Nazis to Klansmen to racist skinheads are among the most active anti-immigration activists in the country. Motivating their actions is the core conviction of modern white supremacist ideology: That the white race itself is threatened with extinction by a "rising tide of color" controlled and manipulated by Jews.

Link – Fiat Leads to National Debate

Provoking a national debate about immigration will stoke extremist violence

Ewing 08 Ph.D. in Anthropology from the City University of New York, Immigration Policy Center

Walter, “Extremists Hijack Debate: Increased Reports Of Hate Crimes And Discrimination Aimed at US And Foreign-Born Latinos,”

The national debate over immigration, currently raging from the halls of Congress to local communities and across family dinner tables, is a legitimate and important conversation. However, anti-immigrant extremists, white supremacists, and far-right-wing radio show hosts are using the debate to spew extreme views and stoke the fires of hatred and racism. In this climate of undeterred public immigrant-bashing, hatred and vigilantism can easily take root, and Latinos – both immigrant and native-born citizens – have suffered the negative consequences. Latinos, regardless of immigration status, are feeling the impact of the extremist rhetoric as they report increased discrimination and anxiety, and authorities report an increase in hate crimes. Established groups such as the Anti-Defamation League and the Southern Poverty Law Center, with their long track records and expertise in hate crimes and discrimination, have been increasingly involved in observing the treatment of Latinos and other immigrants as a result of recent disturbing trends. The following excerpts from recent reports highlight how the immigration debate has spurred discrimination, hatred, and violence:

Publicizing the immigration debate empirically leads to an increase in hate crimes

Hsu 09 homeland security correspondent for The Washington Post

(Spencer S., Washington Post, 6-17-09, , accessed 7-1-09, AN)

U.S. civil rights leaders said yesterday that an increase in hate crimes committed in recent years against Hispanics and people perceived to be immigrants "correlates closely" to the nation's increasingly contentious debate over immigration. Hate crimes targeting Hispanic Americans rose 40 percent from 2003 to 2007, the most recent year for which FBI statistics are available, from 426 to 595 incidents, marking the fourth consecutive year of increases. The Leadership Conference on Civil Rights Education Fund issued a report that faulted anti-immigrant rhetoric in the media and mobilization of extremist groups on the Internet. The conference said that some groups advocating for tighter immigration laws have invoked "the dehumanizing, racist stereotypes and bigotry of hate groups." "Reasonable people will disagree . . . but the tone of discourse over comprehensive immigration reform needs to be changed, needs to be civil and sane," said Michael Lieberman, Washington counsel for the Anti-Defamation League.

Link Support – Raising Possibility of Reform Empirically Increases Hate Rhetoric

Talk of immigration reform has mobilized hate rhetoric against Latinos

Lewis 06 Communications Manager for Leadership Conference on Civil Rights

(Tyler, Leadership Conference on Civil Rights, 5-17-06, , accessed 7-1-09, AN)

Hate crimes against Latinos are on the rise, according to a two recent reports. Mark Potok, editor of the The Southern Poverty Law Center's quarterly report on extremist organizations, told USA Today that immigration "has been critical to the growth of the hate movement." SPLC reports that the number of hate groups has risen 30 percent since 2000. ADL's report, released on April 24, states that white supremacists, skinheads, and other extremist groups are using the immigration debate to incite violence against Latinos, regardless of status, around the country. Abraham H. Foxman, ADL national director, said that the report shows "a direct connection between the national policy debate and the atmosphere surrounding the daily lives of immigrants." According to ALD's report, immigration reform "is being co-opted and exploited" by some extreme anti-immigration proponents who are using white supremacists rhetoric to drum up support. "Politicians and civic leaders have a responsibility not to engage in divisive appeals based on race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, or religion," said Michael Lieberman, director of the ADL's Civil Rights Policy Planning Center. Hate groups have held a number of anti-immigrant rallies, many in direct response to the rallies by humane immigration reform supporters, according to ADL's report. In addition, hate-filled rhetoric against the "invasion" of Latinos has risen on websites and on the radio. The ADL report also documents several examples of hate violence by white supremacists against Latinos that have occurred in the past three years.

Link Magnifier – Disgruntled Vets

Anti-Immigration backlash will cause disgruntled veterans to join extremist groups, leading to xenophobia and domestic terrorism

Lake and Hudson 09 homeland security correspondent for Washington Times and award-winning investigative journalist who specializes in homeland security

(Eli and Audrey, The Washington Times, Legion objects to vets as terror risk; Homeland Security told: 'Americans are not the enemy', PAGE ONE; A01, 4-15-09, LexisNexis)

The American Legion on Tuesday criticized a new Homeland Security report as unfairly stereotyping veterans by suggesting that some soldiers returning from Iraq and Afghanistan could be recruited by right-wing extremists to par-ticipate in violent actions."I think it is important for all of us to remember that Americans are not the enemy. The terrorists are," David K. Rehbein, national commander of the veterans organization, said in a letter to Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano about a security assessment titled "Rightwing Extremism: Current Economic and Political Climate Fueling Resurgence and Recruitment." The report, which prompted a storm of outrage Tuesday from conservatives, cited the example of Oklahoma City bomber Timothy McVeigh in warning that the return of disgruntled military veterans could lead to "terrorist groups or lone wolf extremists capable of carrying out violent attacks." Mr. Rehbein also challenged the department on that score, speaking on behalf of the legion's 2.6 million members. "To continue to use McVeigh as an example of the stereotypical 'disgruntled military veteran' is as unfair as using Osa-ma bin Laden as the sole example of Islam," he said. Homeland Security spokeswoman Sara Kuban said the department also has warned about the dangers from "leftwing extremists" in occasional reports to federal, state, local and tribal counterterrorism and law enforcement officials. The Washington Times independently obtained and verified such a report from Jan. 26 titled, "Leftwing Extremists Likely to Increase Use of Cyber Attacks over the Coming Decade." Ms. Kuban said work on the "Rightwing Extremism" report, which was reported Tuesday by The Times, began more than a year ago, during the Bush administration. However key findings in the report, which cited the economic downturn and the election of President Obama, indi-cate that much of the work was done in the past few months. Ms. Kuban added that the report's authors were not political appointees. "The people who wrote the April 7 report are career officials, the acting head of Intelligence and Analysis is a career official," she said. Regardless, former House Speaker Newt Gingrich sent a Twitter message saying that "the person who drafted the outrageous homeland security memo smearing veterans and conservatives should be fired." John Raughter, the communications director for the American Legion, said the group's commander was responding to a quick surge in sentiment from veterans. "We have heard from our membership in e-mails and so forth. As soon as the national commander saw the report from Homeland Security, he had that letter sent. The letter went out yesterday," Mr. Raughter said. In his letter to Ms. Napolitano, Mr. Rehbein asked to meet with her "at a time of mutual convenience to discuss is-sues such as border security and the war on terrorism." Ms. Kuban said her boss would be open to meeting with Mr. Rehbein. The nine-page security assessment was sent to local law enforcement officials nationwide and warned, though without numbers or contemporary examples, about a rise in "rightwing extremist activity." The "Leftwing Extremists" report, on the other hand, focuses on "animal rights, environmental, and anarchist ex-tremist movements," warning that such organizations will focus their attacks on economic targets and specifically cy-berattacks such as overwhelming a corporation's servers with spam e-mail or hacking into closed networks and deleting user accounts. The report, however, limits its warnings to "animal rights and environmental extremists," which it says "seek to end the perceived abuse and suffering of animals and the degradation of the natural environment perpetrated by humans" ; and "anarchist extremists" who the report says "generally embrace a number of radical philosophical components of anticapitalist, antiglobalization, communist, socialist and other movements." That report does not lump such groups, though, with single-issue advocacy on broad topics and the stances of mainstream liberals. It also cites specific attacks by contemporary groups that fit the given descriptions, rather than draw analogies from the 1990s. Regardless, Republicans on Capitol Hill were not buying Homeland Security's explanations on the reports. Rep. Lamar Smith of Texas, ranking Republican on the House Judiciary Committee, questioned the purpose of the report, which says that people dedicated to single-issues such as "abortion or immigration" are defined as "rightwing extremism." "DHS offers no specific data or evidence to back up its claim that 'rightwing extremism' is resurgent," Mr. Smith said. "As far as I can tell, the only thing this report does do is attempt to stigmatize people who disagree with the president," Mr. Smith said. Rep. Peter T. King of New York, the ranking Republican on the House Homeland Security Committee, said that while terrorism can come from many quarters, Homeland Security "should spend less time focusing on ideology and the exercise of free speech and association, and instead focus on specific, actionable intelligence to counter the terrorist threats to our nation." Congress is in recess, with many members traveling overseas, and attempts to reach both several key Democrats and some Republicans were unsuccessful. However, Rep. Ron Paul, the Texas Republican whose presidential supporters were targeted in a March report by the Missouri Information Analysis Center as being linked to militia members, said the report signals government intru-sion. "This report is a sign of bad things to come: more profiling, more surveillance and more Big Brother government for the American people," Mr. Paul said. "All Americans should be opposed to any sort of government profiling. If we don't wake up to what is going on, our country stands to lose the liberties we hold so dear." Rep. Dana Rohrabacher, California Republican, denounced the report as a bid "to vilify mainstream conservatism" and also warned that such tactics could backfire and distract Homeland Security from counterterrorism activities. "The last time a liberal left administration tried to increase public apprehension about alleged right-wing extremism, they ended up with tragedies like Waco while ignoring the increasing presence of radical Islamic terrorists on American soil that ended up with 9/11," he said. Mr. Rehbein also detected in the report something of the Obama administration political style and a double standard regarding terror threats. "For an administration that uses word games to downplay the threat of foreign terrorists, and regularly accuses oth-ers of promoting the 'politics of fear,' they're awfully willing to paint law-abiding Americans, including war veterans, as 'extremists.' " The report said the federal government "will be working with its state and local partners over the next several months" to gather information on "rightwing extremist activity in the United States." The category of suspects also includes gun rights supporters, economic critics of China, India and Russia, and sup-porters of states' rights.

Link Magnifier – Conservative Media

Conservative public figures will respond to immigration reform by stirring up racist nativist fears of an alien invasion

Roman 2008 Professor of Law, Florida International University

Ediberto, “The Alien Invasion?” Houston Law Review, Summer, 45 Hous. L. Rev. 841, LexisNexis

Loosely based on the brilliant but infamous broadcast of the "War of the Worlds," the above depiction could easily be tomorrow's leading news bulletin concerning this country's alleged immigration crisis. n9 Following increased domestic oversight and arguably isolationist sentiments after September 11, 2001, media, n10 political, n11 academic, n12 and would-be [*844] academic n13 figures have effectively caused fervor over the issue, n14 using virulent attacks aimed largely against the Latino and Latina immigrant groups crossing the Mexican border. n15 FBI reports on domestic hate crimes after 2001 indicate that such crimes against Latinos and Latinas surged from 2003 to 2006. n16 The Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund (MALDEF) blames anti-immigrant sentiments for the surge. n17 Surprisingly, these attacks, which are often hideous and gruesome, n18 have thus far gone largely unchallenged, in part because the alleged basis for limiting immigration is often couched in vague language of "national security" and "the war on terror." n19 While some view the concerns as mudslinging aimed at stirring racist and xenophobic fears, n20 many Americans have [*845] accepted and expressed agreement with the anti-immigrant attacks. n21 Central to the attacks is the so-called "mass invasion" at our borders. n22 The alarms warn of an effort to take over America n23 and its impact on the U.S. economy. n24 Another vitriolic call for curbing immigration is the alleged crime wave that will inevitably result from the mass migration. n25 This call and others like it are made with little or no evidentiary support, yet have captured the public imagination in a presidential election year n26 and will likely be the focus of political and public policy debates for decades to come. n27 Somewhat surprisingly, not unlike the alleged attack by Martians of decades ago or the more recent eerie depiction of ugly brown figures invading a domestic city in the film Cloverfield, n28 today's invasion is largely accepted as an inevitable future for America. n29 Consider the alarming tone of the alleged demographic shift resulting from immigration. Media figures such as Fox News Channel talk show host Bill O'Reilly proclaimed the supporters of immigration reform "hate America" and "want to flood the country with foreign nationals ... to change the [*846] complexion ... of America." n30 Lou Dobbs, a CNN anchor and popular pundit, repeatedly warns against an "illegal alien invasion." n31 In fact, in one episode Dobbs made five references to an alien invasion. n32 Some of Dobbs's choices for expert opinion on the issues even include reports from the Council of Conservative Citizens, a national white supremacist organization. n33 Dobbs is also known for blaming undocumented immigrants for a leprosy explosion of 7,000 cases over the last three years, while the actual leprosy figure is 250 cases over that period and is not directly attributed to the immigrant population. n34 Others engage in similar forms of hyperbole to promote a solution to the inevitable population overthrow, while also stoking the flames of fear. n35 For instance, John Gibson implored viewers to "do your duty. Make more babies ... half of the kids in this country under five years old are minorities. By far the greatest number are Hispanic. You know what that means? Twenty-five years and the majority of the population is Hispanic." n36

Link Magnifier – Conservative Media

Media purveyance of anti-immigrant images makes us all more subconsciously racist by normalizing dehumanizing stigma against Hispanics and turning the ambivalent public into violent extremists– magnifies the impacts

Roman 2008 Professor of Law, Florida International University

Ediberto, “The Alien Invasion?” Houston Law Review, Summer, 45 Hous. L. Rev. 841, LexisNexis

Goffman observed that the term "stigma" is an attribute of the stigmatized that is deeply discrediting. n302 By definition, the person with a stigma is not quite human. n303 Stigma can take three different forms, including physical abnormalities, blemishes in character, and "tribal stigma of race, nation, and religion." n304 Through the assignment of stigma to certain groups, society exercises a variety of discriminatory practices, which effectively - and often subconsciously - reduce the life chances of the stigmatized persons. n305 According to stigma theory, n306 society constructs an ideology to explain the stigmatized group's inferiority and rationalize society's animosity towards it, an animosity based on the [*888] differences highlighted by the stigma. n307 One study concluded that "we do not enter the perceptual arena empty handed but, rather, with what is sometimes referred to as perceptual baggage," which "includes our unique idiosyncratic collection of experience, needs, and desires as well as more common, culturally shared beliefs." n308 The stigmatizing perspective subtly invites the viewer-society to justify the stigmatizing viewpoint as "natural, universal, and beyond challenge; it marginalizes other perspectives to bolster its own legitimacy in defining narratives and images." n309 The leading learning theorist of his day, Hobart Mowrer, "concluded that human behavior is [essentially] guided and controlled by conditioned emotional responses to images that could be viewed as "prospective gains and losses.'" n310 More recently, theorists have observed "that human thought is made largely from images, broadly construed to include perceptual and symbolic representations." n311 "Through experience, these images are "marked' by positive and negative feelings," also referred to as conditioning. n312 When an image becomes marked, it provokes feelings which in turn motivate action. n313 Thus, "when a negative marker is linked to an image it sounds an alarm" within an observer, motivating avoidance n314 and perhaps even stronger reactions. The marking of a stigma possessor "plays an essential role in the impact of a stigma... . The mark or stigma identifies and signifies the deviant status and typically has devastating effects on the person or place. The mark need not be physical but may be embedded in, and identifiable from, particular behavior, features, biography, ancestry, or location." n315 The marks or stigmas "come to arouse in outside observers strong feelings of repugnance, fear, and disdain." n316 The stigmas or marks also may "become linked through attributional processes to responsibility," which are also [*889] deemed as deviant and repugnant. n317 The authors of a leading study on the role of the media and stigma conclude, "When we think of the prime targets for stigmatization in our society, members of minority groups, the aged, homosexuals, drug addicts, and persons afflicted with physical deformities and mental disabilities, we can appreciate the affect laden images that, rightly or wrongly, are associated with such individuals." n318 Several studies on aggression and stigma shed considerable light on the role the media plays on the impressions of immigrants. A recent study, The Formation of Attitudes Towards New Immigrant Groups, finds that initial information concerning any new immigrant group tends to be the most important information in terms of creating societal attitudes toward that group. n319 This study also determines that attitudes, once formed, predicated further perceptions of the immigrants and behavioral intentions toward group members. n320 The implications of those findings led the authors to suggest that the media needs to be especially sensitive to its portrayal of new immigrant groups. n321 In light of these facts, the authors suggest that the media should avoid presenting extreme negative portrayals of immigrant groups, which the study specifically finds the media is inclined to make. n322 The study further finds that such depictions need to be avoided because negative depictions tend to bias attitudes of individuals who have had little or no direct contact with the immigrant group. n323 The findings of yet another study on the role of the media on immigrant groups concludes that the media can have a consequential impact on those that have not decided on their positions with respect to a particular group. The study finds that people who hold ambivalent attitudes toward a group are more likely to systematically process persuasive messages about that group than are people who hold nonambivalent attitudes toward the particular group. n324 These conclusions in and of themselves demonstrate why the current attacks on immigrants are so [*890] damming, dangerous, and despicable. Just as these researchers found, current media depictions of immigrant groups, some of which are referred to in the first part of this Article (but can be easily witnessed on an almost nightly basis on any one of many cable news stations, such as Fox News and CNN) tend to be extremely negative, and such stories have a significant impact on society's impression of immigrants. Despite such findings, the media largely fails in taking the cautious and balanced approach the above studies recommend.

Link Magnifier – Anti-Immigrant Rhetoric

Anti-Immigrant rhetoric contributes to a rise in hate crime- FBI studies prove

Ramirez 2008 contributing writer for Newsweek

(Jessica, Newsweek, LexisNexis, 3-3-08, , accessed 7-1-09, AN)

It began like any other policy fight, but the tension surrounding immigration reform has escalated into hate, according to the National Council of La Raza, the country's largest Hispanic civil-rights group. Last month, it accused cable news networks of letting hosts and guests inject a "hateful tone" into the debate, specifically citing CNN's Lou Dobbs and Glenn Beck. "It is palpable," says La Raza president Janet Murguía, who worries that descriptions of immigrants as "invaders" or "aliens" have contributed to a rise in anti-Hispanic violence. Since 2004, the number of anti-Hispanic hate crimes has jumped 25 percent, according to the FBI. In the past, experts have noted a link between hateful language and violence. Now La Raza, which has launched a Web site to document instances of immigrant bashing, is demanding that the TV networks stop "handing hate a microphone." They've also asked presidential candidate Mike Huckabee to renounce the endorsement he received from Jim Gilchrist, cofounder of the Minuteman Project to patrol the U.S.- Mexico border and a frequent guest on cable news shows. In response, Fox News. Company Profile issued a letter defending the network's programming decisions, while CNN met with La Raza behind closed doors. (A CNN spokes-person acknowledged the use of strong language but declined to call it excessive.) MSNBC, meanwhile, has agreed to a meeting this month. But Huckabee is standing by his man. Huckabee said in an e-mail to NEWSWEEK that while he has sympathy for groups like La Raza, "I am glad [Gilchrist] supported my immigration plan." The Anti-Defamation League, meanwhile, is standing behind La Raza. "When we saw the rhetoric shift from a legitimate debate to one where immigrants were dehumanized, we believe it inspired extremists and [some] mainstream Americans to act," says Deborah Lauter, the group's civil-rights director.

Link Magnifier - Scapegoating

Immigrants are scapegoated for the economy- amplifies political backlash.

Moroney 08 reporter and editor at The Wall Street Journal

(Robin, 1/29/08, ,“What Drives the Immigration Backlash (Beyond Immigration)”

The rising backlash against illegal immigrants has deeper roots than the economic impact of immigration, says John B. Judis in the New Republic. It reflects a broader anxiety over the health of the U.S. and the impact of globalization. In states like Iowa and South Carolina, voters’ concerns do reflect a sudden and recent rise in the immigrant population. But strong anti-immigrant backlashes are also occurring in states where immigrants are scarce. In New Hampshire, for example, exit polls from the primary showed that 25% of Republican and independent voters considered immigration the most important issue the country faces. Yet the state ranks 42nd when it comes to the number of illegal immigrants living there, according to the Pew Hispanic Center, and only 2.2% of New Hampshire residents are Hispanic. In such states, immigrants have become the scapegoats for the economic anxieties brought by globalization. Those who feel the strongest about immigration are generally workers from the lower-middle class without technical qualifications — those whose livelihoods are most at risk from outsourcing, says Mr. Judis. A poll last year found that the statement “immigrants take more from our country than they give” garnered the most support among men between the ages of 30 and 39 without a college degree. Along with economic grievances, the movement against immigrants also reflects “a loss of confidence in the cohesion and resilience of the American nation,” says Mr. Judis. Polls show a rising number of people think the U.S. is headed in the wrong direction and that sense of decline makes the backlash against immigrants even stronger, says Mr. Judis. The fear is that immigrants will undermine national unity just when it is needed most. Colorado Representative Tom Tancredo frequently cites those fears in his campaign for tougher immigration laws, saying immigration is “the issue of our culture itself, and whether we will survive.” — Robin Moroney

Link Magnifier – Fear of Terrorism

Minutemen will play up the immigration threat by appealing to the fear of terrorism

Judis 08 Senior editor at The New Republic and a contributing editor to The American Prospect

(John, “Phantom Menace: The Psychology Behind America's Immigration Hysteria” Carnegie Endowment. Accessed July 3, 2009 WBTA)

After the September 11 attacks, the fear of foreign terrorism overshadowed, but also fed, the fear of immigration. And anti-immigration forces have continued to charge that the Mexican border is a gateway to terrorists. The Arizona Minutemen have insisted (with little basis in fact) that many illegal immigrants are swarthy Muslims disguised as Mexicans. "We have many apprehensions of Pakistanis and Iraqis on the border," a Minuteman spokesperson told me in August 2005. "They are coming in disguised as Hispanics and blending in." Boyda's constituents were worried that 5,000 illegal aliens who they believed had crossed the border into Kansas could act as a terrorist "fifth column" in the state. (In an equally nutty variation, presidential aspirant Mike Huckabee warned, after Benazir Bhutto's assassination in December, that Pakistani terrorists could cross the border. "In light of what's happening in Pakistan," Huckabee said, "it ought to give us pause as to why are so many illegals coming across these borders.")

Terrorist Stigma Provokes Violent Actions

Ahmad 04 Professor of Law at American University

(Muneer I.,, A Rage Shared by Law: Post-September 11 Racial Violence as Crimes of Passion, California Law Review Vol. 92, No. 5 (Oct., 2004), pp. 1259-1330, 7-1-09, MDN)

Transposing this iteration of the crime of passion motif to post- September 11 violence, we can understand the immigrant not as the inter-loping paramour, but as the beloved wife, and the post-September 11 perpetrator as the husband, but more importantly, as a stand-in for the nation. By this account, the immigrant was once beloved by the nation, but the immigrant has betrayed the "generosity" and the kindness of the nation, thereby inviting retribution. Thus, both iterations of the crime of passion motif may be at play in post-September 11 violence, capturing the duality of American thought regarding immigrants, and expressing a sense of betrayal in both regards: on the one hand, the immigrant-as-enemy has engaged in exactly the treachery of which immigrants have long been suspected, and on the other hand, the trust placed in immigrants has been taken for granted. In both cases, the betrayal provokes a visceral and deadly response.

Link Magnifier - Backlash Snowballs

Backlash against immigrants on the local level snowballs to districts nationwide – Arizona proves

Judis 08 Senior editor at The New Republic and a contributing editor to The American Prospect

(John, “Phantom Menace: The Psychology Behind America's Immigration Hysteria” Carnegie Endowment. Accessed July 3, 2009 WBTA)

Just as the furor of the early 1990s began in California, this period of anti-immigration activity began in Arizona in response to a huge influx of legal and illegal Mexican immigrants driven to the state by recent improvements to border security in California and Texas. (See John B. Judis, "Border Wars," January 16, 2006.) By 2004, almost two million people were crossing Arizona's desert border with Mexico every year, and some of them, attracted by the state's booming economy, stayed. According to the Pew Hispanic Center, the number of illegal immigrants in Arizona went from 115,000 in 1996 to almost 500, 000 in 2004, straining city and state budgets for police, schools, and hospitals. In 2004, anti-immigration activists put Proposition 200 on the ballot. It denied "public benefits" to illegal immigrants and required public employees to report anyone suspected of being in the country illegally. Although almost the entire Arizona political establishment opposed Proposition 200, it still passed, 56 to 44 percent. The passage of Proposition 200 inspired a spate of legislation across the country aimed at legal and illegal immigrants. According to the National Council of State Legislatures, 570 pieces of legislation dealing with legal and illegal immigrants were introduced in 2006 and at least 1,562 in 2007. Many were aimed at denying benefits to illegal immigrants, but others imposed onerous voter-registration requirements for legal immigrants or banned languages other than English from public documents, including ballots. In 2007, immigration bills became law in 46 states, including Wyoming, South Dakota, North Dakota, Montana, and West Virginia, which have very few immigrants.

New anti-immigration organizations also emerged, including the American Border Patrol, whose founder warns that "immigration ... is allowing Mexico to colonize the American Southwest," and the Minutemen, which boast chapters in almost every state. The Minutemen even have two chapters and a state headquarters in Wyoming, where the entire foreign-born population amounts to only 2.5 percent of the state's citizenry and illegal immigrants less than 1 percent. Overall, there are more than 50 such organizations spread across the country, appealing to anti-Latino sentiments.

Impact Extension – Domestic Terrorism

The Minutemen’s violence escalates to terrorism

Gryniewicz 06, member of the International Socialist Organization in Chicago

Josh, “The Minutemen and the neo-Nazis: Continuum of hate,” International Socialist Review, Issue 50, November–December, 2006

Even their name, Minutemen, while conjuring up the Americana mythos surrounding the Revolutionary War, has a different resonance in right-wing circles. In the 1960s, the Minutemen were a paramilitary splinter of the far-Right John Birch Society, underscoring their vehement anti-communist paranoia with violent ambitions. In 1965, they were affiliated with a plot to use 1,400 pounds of dynamite to assassinate Martin Luther King, Jr. during an Anti-Defamation League convention.22 This set off a chain reaction of arrests and unraveled terror plots the following year, including a plan to bomb three summer camps in the New York metropolitan area that they believed to have been infiltrated by communism.23 The historical legacy linking these earlier terrorists to the patriot groups is widely recognized. A number of other human rights groups have noted the parallels between the new Minutemen and militias as well. The Center for New Communities Building Democracy Initiative, an anti-nativist watchdog group, points out: “The Minutemen of today and the militias of a decade ago have many commonalities ideologically. Despite all their 'law-and-order' rhetoric, they both rely on illegal paramilitary vigilantism and intimidation to push public policy.” Historically, this is the role vigilante bands have always fulfilled. Their violent rhetoric often accompanied by extreme action serves the system in an effort to terrorize those with the confidence to fight back, while attempting to push the mainstream argument further to the right.

Anti-immigrant radicalism spirals into mass domestic terrorism

Beirich and Potok 09 director of research and intelligence project, Southern Poverty Law Center

Heidi and Mark, Southern Poverty Law Center, “USA: Hate Groups, Radical-Right Violence, on the Rise,” Policing,

Even before the 2008 economic collapse, the slaughter of the Oklahoma City bomb attack marked the opening salvo in a new kind of domestic political extremism, sporting a revolutionary ideology and willing to carry out attacks directed at innocent victims with no possible connection to the attackers’ grievances. In fact, in the years since the Oklahoma City bombing, the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) documented more than 60 major terrorist plots and deadly racist rampages that emerged from the radical right. They involved everything from plans to bomb government buildings to amassing missiles, explosives, and even biological and chemical weapons. Most contemplated the deaths of large numbers of people—in one 1998 case in Texas, as many as 30,000, authorities said. The economic hardships and demographic changes are hitting at a time when the hate movement has experienced several years of rapid growth. Non-white immigration has been successfully exploited by white supremacist groups in recent years, to the point where the number of such groups, tallied each year by the SPLC, has spiralled from 602 in 2000 to 888 in 2007—a 48% increase. At the same time, hate crimes against Latinos have been on the rise, increasing 40% from 2003 to 2007, according to the FBI. ‘This immigrant thing in the past couple of years has been the greatest boon to us’, Jeff Schoep, head of the neo-Nazi National Socialist Movement, said in November (Beadle, 2008). Now, this movement is further fueled by many whites who fear, given current demographic realities, that they are somehow losing the country that their forefathers built. David Duke, the former Klan leader and convicted felon who is the closest thing the radical right has to an intellectual leader these days, believes this could all work to his benefit. In a summer 2008 essay, the neo-Nazi ideologue argued that an Obama victory would serve as a ‘visual aid’ to white Americans, provoking a backlash that Duke predicted hopefully would result in ‘a dramatic increase in our ranks’ (Potok, 2008b). It is this growing revolutionary movement, charged by economic turmoil and demographic change, which confronts law enforcement today.

Impact Extension – Domestic Terrorism

Hate crimes escalate to political terrorism

Lia 05 research professor at the Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (FFI).

(Brynjar, Globalisation and the future of terrorism, 2005, , +escalate,+terrorism,+immigrants&source=bl&ots=qR4k2k9RlS&sig=FmHi7vqeisFemEeJGeW5N1D-uHQ&hl=en&ei=_C1OSqjaJ4-oswP_rPCqDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4, accessed 7-3-09, AN)

One possible implication of this for terrorism is that more countries will experience violent conflicts over immigration and ethnic-minorities issues, or more intercommunal conflicts. Such conflicts may manifest themselves in terms of hate crimes and low-level political terrorism and may, under certain circumstances, escalate into serious campaigns of intercommunal violence. Growing ethnic diversity tends to foster intercommunal conflict and violence, but usually only in conjunction with other aggravating factors. In some countries waves of refugees from neighboring countries have upset a sensitive ethnic balance and have caused the outbreak of violence.

Domestic extremists will resort to terrorism to express their hate of immigration

People's Weekly World 09

(People's Weekly World. (National Edition), New York, Rejecting the vast right-wing (and deadly) conspiracy:. Vol. 24, Iss. 4; pg. 8, 1 pgs, Jun 6-27-09, ProQuest)

Gunmen carried out two assassinations in the United States in 12 days proving that "home-grown" terrorists are ready to act out their hatred of women, African Americans, Latinos, immigrants and people of Jewish background. On May 31, Dr. George Tiller was shot to death while worshipping at his Wichita church. Tiller's accused assassin is Scott Roeder, a violent anti-abortionist who had made repeated death threats against Tiller. He was the fifth physician assassinated, victim of a 35-year campaign of terrorism against women's reproductive rights. Tiller's Wichita clinic has now been closed. Fox News' Bill O'Reilly routinely referred to Dr. Tiller as "Tiller the Baby Killer" and once stopped just short of blurting what he would do "if I could get my hands on" Tiller. His rabid incitements reflected the extremist ideology of Fox owner, Rupert Murdoch. In an interview with AP, Roeder boasted, "I know there are many other similar events planned around the country as long as abortions remain legal." The shooting death of security guard Stephen T. Johns, a Black man, at the Holocaust Museum in Washington has also been traced to the extreme right. Arrested in the murder was anti-Semite, James von Brunn, who had resided with the Aryan Nation white supremacists at Hayden Lake, Idaho. In his car, police found a notebook with a handwritten note, "You want my weapons-this is how you'll get them. The Holocaust is a lie. Obama was created by the Jews." The federal government spends billions of tax dollars deporting undocumented workers, not one of them a "terrorist." But law enforcement at all levels has been AWOL in protecting against domestic terrorism. Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano warned in April that the "economic recession, the election of America's first Black President and the return of a few disgruntled war veterans could swell the ranks of white power militias." The Republican right denounced her timely report as an "attack" on veterans, anti-abortionists, and anti-immigrant crusaders. Some even called for her resignation. The latest venom comes from actor Jon Voight who denounced President Obama at a GOP fundraiser as a "softspoken Julius Caesar" that America must be "freed" from. "Bring an end to this false prophet, Obama," Voight ranted, sounding like Brutus. It is a federal crime to threaten violence against the President. The accused assassins should be prosecuted to the full extent of the law. Abortion clinics, doctors, their staffs and their patients must be protected. But the best answer is to defeat the hatemongers politically. Boycott Fox News. Demand Senate confirmation of Supreme Court nominee, Sonia Sotomayor, latest target of hate. Build maximum unity to win healthcare for all, employee free choice, "green" jobs, immigrant reform, an end to wars, and a more inclusive, tolerant democracy in our country.

Impact Extension--Bioterrorism

____Right-wing extremists are the most likely group to use bioweapons

Stern, 99, Council on Foreign Relations

(Jessica, Emerging Infectious Diseases, US CDC, July-August,

A small but growing number of domestic terrorists could attempt to use biological weapons in the belief that doing so would advance their goals. The most likely are religious and extreme right-wing groups and groups seeking revenge who view secular rulers and the law they uphold as illegitimate. They are unconstrained by fear of government or public backlash, since their actions are carried out to please God and themselves, not to impress a secular constituency. Frequently, they do not claim credit for their attacks since their ultimate objective is to create so much fear and chaos that the government's legitimacy is destroyed. Their victims are often viewed as subhuman since they are outside the group's religion or race.

Religiously motivated groups are increasing. Of 11 international terrorist groups identified by the Rand Corporation in 1968, none were classified as religiously motivated. By 1994, a third of the 49 international groups recorded in the Rand-St. Andrews Chronology were classified as religious.22 Religious groups are not only becoming more common; they are also more violent than secular groups. In 1995, religious groups committed only 25% of the international incidents but caused 58% of the deaths.23

Identity Christians believe that the Book of Revelation is to be taken literally as a description of future events. Many evangelical Protestants believe in a doctrine of rapture: that the saved will be lifted off the earth to escape the apocalypse that will precede the Second Coming of Christ. Followers of Christian Identity (and some other millenarian sects), however, expect to be present during the apocalypse.24 Because of this belief, some followers of Christian Identity believe they need to be prepared with every available weapon to ensure their survival.

Organizational pressures could induce some groups to commit extreme acts of violence. Followers tend to be more interested in violence for its own sake than in the group's purported goals, making them less inhibited by moral or political constraints than the leaders. Leaders may have difficulty designing command and control procedures that work. Offshoots of established groups may be particularly dangerous. Groups may also become most violent when the state is closing in on them, potentially posing difficulties for those fighting terrorism. Another factor is the nature of the leader. Charismatic leaders who isolate their followers from the rest of society often instill extreme paranoia among their followers. Such groups can be susceptible to extreme acts of violence.

Asked who he thought the most likely domestic perpetrators of biological terrorism were, John Trochman, a leader of the Montana Militia, said that extremist offshoots of Identity Christian groups are possible candidates, as are disaffected military officers.25 Some antigovernment groups are attempting to recruit inside the U.S. military.26 William Pierce also foresees the use of biological weapons by antigovernment groups. "People disaffected by the government include not only the kind of people capable of making pipe bombs. Bioweapons are more accessible than are nuclear weapons."27

____Their “no motive cards” are outdated. Greater access to bioweapons information has changed domestic terrorist motivation

Razsi 06 PhD George Mason University and staff, Department of Homeland Security

Dustin Robert, The Ability of Intelligence to Prevent Domestic Bioterrorism, p. 34, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses

Bioterrorism is an effective method of attack for terrorists desiring to inflict significant casualties, economic damage, or social disruption. Although previous generations of terrorists may not have considered bioterrorism due to objectives other than death, modem terrorists have no such restrictions and likely will use any method at their disposal to produce mass casualties in the United States. Domestic actors have demonstrated interest in biological pathogens and toxins, which likely will grow due to media coverage of bioterrorism and widely available information and materials that can be used for biological weapons development and dissemination.

____Past domestic bioterror experiments were successful.

Razsi 06 PhD George Mason University and staff, Department of Homeland Security

Dustin Robert, The Ability of Intelligence to Prevent Domestic Bioterrorism, p. 31-32å, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses

In 1994 and 1995 four members of the Minnesota Patriots Council-an American anti-government militia group--were convicted for conspiring to kill law enforcement officials using ricin.59 These men ordered castor beans and ricin extraction instructions from an advertisement in the right-wing publication CBA Bulletin, which advertised a "silent tool of justice ... including instructions for extracting the deadly poison ricin.60 Despite their lack of expertise or training, the Council members were able to produce at least 0.7 grams of powdered ricin of five percent strength-an estimated 129 lethal doses.61 The ricin plot was undermined only when an associate became concerned that some members would actually kill people and reported their activities to authorities.62

Impact – Dirty Bombs

The US isn’t prepared to contain to a dirty bomb attack now

Allison 03 nuclear terrorism expert, director of the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs at Harvard University and former Assistant Secretary of Defense

Graham, NOVA, February 2003,

NOVA: Do you think the U.S. is well prepared to deal with the dirty bomb threat? Allison: No, but it is complicated because the supply side of the dirty bomb threat is so mammoth that it is virtually impossible to imagine coping with it adequately. The number of actors who might conduct such an attack is also extremely large. And while you might like to try to make people aware of the threat and the fact that it's got a heavy psychological as well as physical component, it is difficult to do so without also suggesting opportunities for people to do things, mischievous things that they might not have thought of. So in the array of threats, it's a particularly complicated one to try to deal with. And while there have been some preparations in the U.S. government to try to be capable of decontaminating sites in the same way that buildings were decontaminated after the anthrax attacks, that part has not been overly publicized and probably needs to be more so.

Making and detonating a dirty bomb is relatively simple

Allison 03 nuclear terrorism expert, director of the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs at Harvard University and former Assistant Secretary of Defense

Graham, NOVA, February 2003,

NOVA: You and others have argued that acquiring the materials for a dirty bomb and building and detonating one is, relatively speaking, not a difficult prospect. With this in mind, why do you think a dirty bomb attack has not yet occurred? Allison: Great question. I think it is a puzzle, because it's a simple fact that people don't have to look very far on the Web to find information that would give them a reasonable picture of the issue. That's just there. I don't want to give anybody bad ideas, but at the same time you don't want citizens to be unaware of what exists. I prefer that it wasn't there, but it is there, that's a fact. How then given such availability has there not been such an event? If you try to think, well, how hard was it to blow up the Federal Office Building in Oklahoma City? Not very. Timothy McVeigh takes a van and fills it with fertilizer-based explosive. How hard is it to get fertilizer and a trigger? Not very. And there it happened. Fortunately, there are fewer nuts of that sort than one might imagine, or they don't think of doing such horrible things. We've been very blessed in not having lots of people actually doing terrorist acts within the U.S., which they are not prohibited by any physical encumbrance from doing. If you had come into this building today with a gun in your briefcase and decided to shoot up 50 people in a classroom or a dorm, there would not have been a guard to stop you. Similarly, if you had a small dirty bomb in your briefcase, and you decided to set it off here at the Kennedy School or in Harvard Square or in a building downtown... There are a few buildings where you have to pass through a guard, but mostly you don't. Anybody can get on the subway; there aren't too many people inspecting. And so on. So I think it is a great puzzle—and a happy fact—that we haven't had such attacks. In the case of Israel, it becomes even more puzzling, because there you have people carrying out suicidal attacks. They clearly have the bombs and for whatever reason haven't gone to this next stage. I would suspect that is just a matter of time.

A dirty bomb attack by domestic terrorists is just as likely as Al-Qaeda

Allison 2003 nuclear terrorism expert, director of the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs at Harvard University and former Assistant Secretary of Defense

Graham, NOVA, February,

NOVA: You mentioned Timothy McVeigh. Is it just as likely a domestic terrorist could pull off a dirty bomb attack as, say, Al Qaeda? Allison: I think, unfortunately, that if somebody wants to do a terrorist act, and if they are trying to make a splash in order to impact people, they might simply just shoot somebody, or they might have a bomb and blow up a building, or they might decide to wrap the bomb in something that would have further consequences. So, yes, I could imagine that could happen.

Impact – Violence and Murder for Racial Minorities

Anti-immigrant groups utilize extreme violence against racial minorities – including murder

Gryniewicz 06, member of the International Socialist Organization in Chicago

Josh, “The Minutemen and the neo-Nazis: Continuum of hate,” International Socialist Review, Issue 50, November–December, 2006

Two contrasting currents are coursing through the country in the wake of the mega-marches last spring, polarizing the immigration debate and forcing the issue into mainstream American discourse. One embodies a millions-strong, immigrant-led, grassroots mobilized civil rights movement, recently formed into a National Alliance for Immigrant Rights, which coordinated Labor Day actions throughout the country. The other is marked by an anti-immigrant hysteria incessantly perpetuated by the political establishment and mass media alike-which has galvanized the Right-contributing to a dramatic increase in hate groups and the savage crimes they perpetrate. Since 2000, this hysteria has given rise to far-Right hate groups, including the Ku Klux Klan and neo-Nazi organizations, increasing by 33 percent from 602 to 803.4 Festering like an open wound, white supremacist, skinhead, and Nazi rallies are springing up throughout the country, using anti-immigrant rhetoric as their wedge issue. The Minuteman Project has spawned sixty spin-off groups, drawing leadership directly from the extremist ranks of the Patriot militias that had collapsed after the Oklahoma City bombing, while continuing to increase their membership.5 The Minutemen and their defenders claim that linking them to Nazi hate groups is“guilt by association.” As co-founder Jim Gilchrist put it, “We are not racists. We don't endorse racism, and we're not a hate group.” The reality, obscured by a complicit media, is that the Minutemen--advocates of gun-toting vigilantism--have attracted to their banner a range of far-Right fanatics, including those who openly advocate for the assassination, lynching, and murder of Blacks, Latinos, and other minorities.6

Impact - Genocide

Hate crimes lead to extinction of minorities- political, social, and economic repression

Kleg 93 professor of social science education at the University of Colorado, Denver and director for the Center for the Study of Ethnic and Racial Violence

(Milton, Hate, Prejudice, and Racism, , 1993, accessed 7-2-09, AN)

Ethnic groups may form from other groups due to political conditions within a geographic area. Conquest, forced migration, forced political and social minority status, and involuntary and voluntary isolation of a previously non-distinct group may result in the creation of a new ethnic group. The emergence of a new belief system, combined with external persecution, may also lay the groundwork for a new ethnicity. On the other hand, political, social, and economic repression may contribute to the extinction of an ethnic group. Finally, the lack of repression combined with modern technological conveniences and intergroup contact can achieve a breakdown of ethnic folkways. In other words, political and social structural changes in a given area may result in either the maintenance, resurgence, or extinction of an ethnic group. Notwithstanding occasional irredentist movements, an examination of technological and social changes throughout the world seems to indicate a trend towards cultural extinction of more traditional ethnic groups.

Ethnic hate crimes justify genocide- empirically proven

Kabasakal Arat 06 professor of political science and women’s studies at Purchase College of the State University of New York

(Zehra F, Human Rights Worldwide, 2006, , accessed 7-2-09, AN)

As race is mainly a culturally constructed notion, racism and racial discrimination can be extended to groups that are biologically similar but demonstrate cultural differences (e.g. language or religion). Then, ethnic differences come to the forefront and are used as grounds for discrimination or even genocide, as in the case of the ethnic conflicts observed in the 1990s in what was then Yugoslavia. Racism can take the form of organized hate groups such as the Ku Klux Klan in the United States, discrimination in housing and employment in Great Britain, social and ethnic exclusion in France, xenophobic skinheads and neo-Nazis in Germany, and outright genocide in Bosnia and Rwanda in the 1990s and in the Darfur region of Sudan in 2003.

Racist hate crimes allow the continuation of genocide.

Vera and Feagin 07 professor of Sociology at University of Kansas and professor of Sociology at University of Florida and President of American Sociological Association

(Hernan and Joe. R., Handbook of the Sociology of Racial and Ethnic Relations, 2007, , accessed 7-2-09, AN)

War and genocide are horrid, and taking them for granted is inhuman. In the 21st century, our problem is not only seeing them as natural and inevitable, but even worse: not seeing, not noticing, but ignoring them. Such act and thought, fueled by global racism, revel that racial inequality has advanced from the establishment of racial hierarchy and institutionalization of segregation, to the confinement and exclusion, and elimination, of those considered inferior through genocide. In this trajectory, global racism manifests genocide. But this is not inevitable.

Impact - Race Wars

Hate groups will trigger race wars to combat increased immigration

Delgado and Stefancic 1997 professor of law at University of Pittsburgh and research professor for law reform and social change at Seattle University

(Richard and Jean, “Critical White Studies”, 1997, &pg=PA557&dq=hate+crimes,+extinction,+immigrant&lr=, accessed 7-2-09, AN)

Other hate groups are no longer willing to wait for the white revolution- they are ready to start the "race war" they believe is coming. They want a fast solution before "the white race is extinct." They are now leading the way as a guerilla strike force, hoping to precipitate the purification of America of all those who are not white, straight, and Christian. Assassination plots, bomb plots, and hate crimes have been the work of those who are in the forefront of the racial battle in save America. The 1990s have seen the violent far right merge with the merely intolerant. From the fanatical to the frustrated to the patriotic, Americans are incorporating the message of white supremacists into their views. The lines between fringe and mainstream American social thought are becoming increasingly blurry.

Impact – Racist Society

Increased Minutemen activity pushes the mainstream opinion to the right, furthering legitimizing racism and violence

Gryniewicz 06, member of the International Socialist Organization in Chicago

Josh, “The Minutemen and the neo-Nazis: Continuum of hate,” International Socialist Review, Issue 50, November–December,

Historically, this is the role vigilante bands have always fulfilled. Their violent rhetoric often accompanied by extreme action serves the system in an effort to terrorize those with the confidence to fight back, while attempting to push the mainstream argument further to the right. As historian, author, and activist Mike Davis explains: The vigilantes are back. In the 1850s, they lynched Irishmen; in the 1870s, they terrorized the Chinese; in the first decade of the twentieth century, they murdered striking Wobblies; in the 1920s, they organized “Bash a Jap” campaigns; and in the 1930s, they welcomed the Joads and other Dust Bowl refugees with tear gas and buckshot…. Vigilantes have always been to the American West what the Ku Klux Klan was to the South; vicious and cowardly bigotry organized into a self-righteous mob. Almost every decade, some sinister group of self-proclaimed patriots mobilizes to repel a new invasion from some threat or other.24 More specifically, the right-wing populism of the vigilantes, whether in their patriot garb or Minutemen posture, deflects attention away from the actual systems of power and exploitation, scapegoating its most vulnerable victims, and reducing social and economic explanations to conspiracy theories.25 The appeal of the vigilantes' anti-immigrant rhetoric is based on real concerns--workers' wages are falling, poverty is increasing, and American society is experiencing the most significant class stratification since the late 1920s--but their conclusions are informed by racism, fear, conspiracy and nationalism. In this sense, the ideology of the Minutemen is the ideology of the middle class--resentful of the rich and powerful and hateful toward the poor and oppressed. The Minutemen are in a much better position then their militia predecessors. While the media and the establishment remained mute throughout the patriot peak in the mid-1990s prior to the Oklahoma City bombing, they often act as outright cheerleaders this time around. This has opened a door to the far Right to step into the mainstream, emboldening openly fascist, racist, and white supremacist organizations and making their extremist, once marginal views, appear legitimate.

Terminal Impact Extension – Bioterrorism = Extinction

____Bioterror could cascade to extinction. Controls would fail.

Steinbrenner 97, Senior Fellow, Brookings Institution

[John D., Foreign Policy, "Biological weapons: a plague upon all houses," Winter 1997, 85-96, jstor]

Although human pathogens are often lumped with nuclear explosives and lethal chemicals as potential weapons of mass destruction, there is an obvious, fundamentally important difference: Pathogens are alive, weapons are not. Nuclear and chemical weapons do not reproduce themselves and do not independently engage in adaptive behavior; pathogens do both of these things. That deceptively simple observation has immense implications. The use of a manufactured weapon is a singular event. Most of the damage occurs immediately. The aftereffects, whatever they may be, decay rapidly over time and distance in a reasonably predictable manner. Even before a nuclear warhead is detonated, for instance, it is possible to estimate the extent of the subsequent damage and the likely level of radioactive fallout. Such predictability is an essential component for tactical military planning. The use of a pathogen, by contrast, is an extended process whose scope and timing cannot be precisely controlled. For most potential biological agents, the predominant drawback is that they would not act swiftly or decisively enough to be an effective weapon. But for a few pathogens - ones most likely to have a decisive effect and therefore the ones most likely to be contemplated for deliberately hostile use - the risk runs in the other direction. A lethal pathogen that could efficiently spread from one victim to another would be capable of initiating an intensifying cascade of disease that might ultimately threaten the entire world population. The 1918 influenza epidemic demonstrated the potential for a global contagion of this sort but not necessarily its outer limit. Nobody really knows how serious a possibility this might be, since there is no way to measure it reliably.

____Terrorism threatens human existence

Gordon 02 professor of forensic psychiatry at Tel Aviv University

(Harvey, “The ‘Suicide’ Bomber: Is It a Psychiatric Phenomenon?”, 2002, , accessed 7-3-09, AN)

Although terrorism throughout human history has been tragic, until relatively recently it has been more of an irritant than any major hazard. However, the existence of weapons of mass destruction now renders terrorism a potential threat to the very existence of human life (Hoge & Rose, 2001). Such potential global destruction, or globicide as one might call it, supersedes even that of genocide in its lethality. Although religious factors are not the only determinant of ‘suicide’ bombers, the revival of religious fundamentalism towards the end of the 20th century renders the phenomenon a major global threat.

Terminal Impact – Racism = Extinction

Racial hate crimes risk extinction

Barndt 1991 co-director of Crossroads (an organization working to dismantle racism)

(Joseph, Dismantling Racism: The Twenty-First Century Challenge to White America, 1991, p. 155-156, accessed 7-3-09, AN)

The limitations imposed on people of color by poverty, subservience, and powerlessness are cruel, inhuman, and unjust: the effects of uncontrolled power privilege, and greed, which are the marks of our white prison, will inevitably destroy us. But we have also seen that the walls of racism can be dismantled. We are not condemned to an inexorable fate, but are offered the vision and the possibility of freedom. Brick by brick, stone by stone, the prison of individual, institutional, and cultural racism can be destroyed. You and I are urgently called to join the efforts of those who know it is time to tear down, once and for all, the walls of racism. The danger point of self-destruction seems to be drawing even more near. The results of centuries of national and worldwide conquest and colonialism, of military buildups and violent aggression, of overconsumption and environmental destruction, may be reaching a point of no return. A small and predominately white minority of the global population derives its power and privilege from the suffering of the vast majority of peoples of color. For the sake of the world and ourselves, we dare not allow it to continue.

Aff Answers: Decision Rule

Extremist backlash is not a reason to vote negative. Even if they win a risk of a link and impact, we must not give in to the racism of right-wing extremists regardless of any threat of violence. It denies the very possibility of rational discourse and debate.

Garvey 08 managing editor for Imagine 2050

Jill, “Hate Crimes and Hate Group Activity Rising,” Imagine 2050, December 16, 2008

It’s imperative that hate groups do not get a foothold in our communities. They are a threat to our immigrant friends and neighbors, and the tradition of our country as a welcoming nation. The rhetoric that they bring with them damages the dialogues our country is having around important issues. The more space we give them, the less we have for rational discourse on the economy, immigration, and foreign affairs. It’s time for Americans to demand a hate free society.

Aff Answers—Giving in to Right-Wing terror = extinction 1/2

Past examples prove immigration concessions to right-wing extremists risk extinction. German concessions on immigration led to birth dearth.

Boldt, 09 mathematician (and teacher) in Minnesota

Axel, “Political Opinions and Other Thoughts,”

Asylum Law

In 1993, the German parties SPD, FDP and CDU/CSU agreed to give in to right wing terroristic violence and abolished the most noble part of the German constitution, the article which granted every political refugee in the world an unconditional and directly enforceable right to asylum in Germany. This article was clearly a consequence of horrible experiences in Nazi Germany, when many Jews couldn't get out simply because no one was willing to let them in.

The perverse provision adopted now, which let the German authorities immediately send back any refugee entering Germany from a "safe" country (all countries surrounding Germany have been declared "safe", of course), would have as consequence, if adopted by every nation, that only the immediate neighbors of crises would let refugees in. This is unjust for two reasons: firstly, those countries are typically extremely poor while Germany is extremely rich, and secondly, they are certainly no more responsible for the crisis at hand than other countries are, so they should not have to bear all the burden.

Birth rate and Immigration

The population in Germany is shrinking because of the low birth rate; this causes obvious problems for the social security system ("Rente"). German politicians generally give two answers: more financial support for families to encourage more births, and reduced social security benefits.

Personally, I am happy about the low birth rate, because I think the world population is already way too large. The solution to the above birth rate/social security problem is obvious to me: formulate a decent immigration policy to attract workers from other countries. Such a policy does not currently exist in Germany.

Birth dearth threaten extinction

Pearse 05 WeNews correspondent

Emma, April 11, 2005, “Germany in Angst Over Low Birthrate,”

As women with children either work for pay or stay home with their children, the choices they make are being closely studied amid growing national dismay over a declining birth rate. At 1.3 babies per woman of child-bearing age, the birth rate is far less than the 2.1 rate that researchers say is needed to maintain a stable population. The not-so-funny joke among demographers here is that unless women start having more babies, Germany could be extinct by 2020.

Aff Answers—Giving in to Right-Wing terror = extinction 2/2

The US faces extinction from birth dearth

Longman 09, Senior Research Fellow at the New America Foundation

Philip, “Headed Toward Extinction,” March 24,

In the USA, where nearly one-fifth of Baby Boomers never had children, the hardship of vanishing retirement savings will be compounded by the strains on both formal and informal care-giving networks caused by the spread of childlessness. A pet will keep you company in old age, but it is unlikely to be of use in helping you navigate the health care system or in keeping predatory reverse mortgage brokers at bay. Even countries in which women have few career choices are not immune from the spreading birth dearth and resulting age wave. Under the grip of militant Islamic clerisy, Iran has seen its population of children implode. Accordingly, Iran's population is now aging at a rate nearly three times that of Western Europe. Maybe the middle aging of the Middle East will bring a mellower tone to the region, but middle age will pass swiftly to old age. China, with its one-family-one-child policy, is on a similar course, becoming a 4-2-1 society in which each child supports two parents and four grandparents. Where does it end? Demographers once believed that only as countries grew rich would their birthrates decline. And few imagined until recently that birthrates would ever remain below replacement levels indefinitely. To suppose the opposite is to presuppose extinction.

'An Avoidable Liability'

Yet we see sub-replacement fertility remaining entrenched among rich countries for more than two generations and now spreading throughout the developing world as well. For the majority of the world's inhabitants who no longer live on farms or rely on home production, children are no longer an economic asset but an avoidable liability. At the same time, the spread of global media exposes people in even the remotest corners of the planet to glamorous lifestyles that are inconsistent with the sacrifices necessary to raise large families. In Brazil, birthrates dropped sequentially province by province as broadcast television became available. As the number of women of reproductive age falls in country after country, world population is acquiring negative momentum and thus could decline even if birthrates eventually turn up. Societies around the globe need to ask why they are engaging in what biologists would surely recognize in any other species as maladaptive behavior leading either to extinction, or dramatic mutation.

Aff – Uniqueness – Hate Crimes High Now

Hate crimes and anti-immigrant violence increasing in the SQuo

Garvey 08 managing editor for Imagine 2050

Jill, “Hate Crimes and Hate Group Activity Rising,” Imagine 2050, December 16, 2008

Last week I asked our readers if they thought hate crimes were increasing. I posted the poll on a whim; we’d been writing a lot about hate crimes at Imagine 2050 and felt that there was something deeper and more menacing behind the recent spree of attacks. As of this writing 63% of you thought that hate crimes were increasing, and there is mounting evidence that you were right. We already know there has been a steady increase in crimes against Latinos since 2003, as reported by the Southern Poverty Law Center. This has been attributed to anti-immigrant rhetoric that has gone mainstream thanks to groups like Federation for American Immigration Reform, anti-immigrant politicians and TV commentators, such as Lou Dobbs. And there is a very strong link between the communities where anti-immigrant groups are active and hate crime incidents. But something more acute has happened since election day. Hate crimes and enrollment in white power groups have spiked. This is scary stuff for a country that has much to be proud of these days.

White supremacist recruitment up now

Garvey 08 managing editor for Imagine 2050

Jill, “Hate Crimes and Hate Group Activity Rising,” Imagine 2050, December 16, 2008

It’s a good sign that these groups are taking swift action to bring this to the public’s attention, but it’s not enough. It’s not just that violence fueled by hatred has increased; white supremacists are attracting more members. According to Maria Bello of USA Today they are becoming more sophisticated in who and how they recruit potential members. “Supremacist groups are on the rise as they market themselves to middle America, according to leaders of the groups and organizations that monitor them. They are fueled by the debate over illegal immigration and a struggling economy.”Many white supremacist groups are going more mainstream,” says Jack Levin, a Northeastern University criminologist who studies hate crime. “They are eliminating the sheets and armbands. … The groups realize if they want to be attractive to middle-class types, they need to look middle-class.”

Anti-immigrant hate crimes rising now

Mock 2007 New Orleans-based reporter who contributes regularly to , GOOD, , The American Prospect

Brentin, “Immigration Backlash: Hate Crimes Against Latinos Flourish,” Southern Poverty Law Center, Intelligence Report, Winter 2007, Issue Number: 128,

There's no doubt that the tone of the raging national debate over immigration is growing uglier by the day. Once limited to hard-core white supremacists and a handful of border-state extremists, vicious public denunciations of undocumented brown-skinned immigrants are increasingly common among supposedly mainstream anti-immigration activists, radio hosts and politicians. While their dehumanizing rhetoric typically stops short of openly sanctioning bloodshed, much of it implicitly encourages or even endorses violence by characterizing immigrants from Mexico and Central America as "invaders," "criminal aliens" and "cockroaches." The results are no less tragic for being predictable: Although hate crime statistics are highly unreliable, numbers that are available strongly suggest a marked upswing in racially motivated violence against all Latinos, regardless of immigration status. According to hate crime statistics published annually by the FBI, anti-Latino hate crimes rose by almost 35% between 2003 and 2006, the latest year for which statistics are available.

Aff – Uniqueness – Hate Group Recruitment High Now

Hate group activity is inevitable – the immigration debate alone is enough to spur it, plus alternate causes

Holthouse 09 Senior Editor of Southern Poverty Law Center’s Intelligence Project

(David, Southern Poverty Law Center’s Intelligence Report, Year in Hate, Spring 2009, , accessed 7-3-09, MDN)

From white power skinheads decrying "President Obongo" at a racist gathering in rural Missouri, to neo-Nazis and Ku Klux Klansmen hurling epithets at Latino immigrants from courthouse steps in Oklahoma, to anti-Semitic black separatists calling for death to Jews on bustling street corners in several East Coast cities, hate group activity in the U.S. was disturbing and widespread throughout 2008, as the number of hate groups operating in America continued to rise. Last year, 926 hate groups were active in the U.S., up more than 4% from 888 in 2007. That's more than a 50% increase since 2000, when there were 602 groups. As in recent years, hate groups were animated by the national immigration debate. But two new forces also drove them in 2008: the worsening recession, and Barack Obama's successful campaign to become the nation's first black president. Officials reported that Obama had received more threats than any other presidential candidate in memory, and several white supremacists were arrested for saying they would assassinate him or allegedly plotting to do so.

Aff – Uniqueness – Anti-Immigrant Rhetoric Now

Hate rhetoric filling immigration debates- various accusations of Hispanic immigrants

AP 08 Associated Press

(, 1-31-08, , accessed 7-1-09, AN)

"Hate groups and extremists have taken over the immigration debate in an unprecedented wave of hate," Murguia said. Although some comments could be considered free speech, "there is a line that sometimes can be crossed when it comes to free speech," she said. Some of the remarks the Hispanic group identified included referring to immigrants as an "army of invaders" or an "invading force," associating immigrants with animals, accusing immigrants of bringing crime and diseases like leprosy to the U.S., and purveying a conspiracy theory that Latinos are trying to take back parts of the United States once ruled by Mexico.

Aff – Uniqueness – Anti-Immigrant Fervor Inevitable

Anti-immigrant fervor is inevitable – immigration is tied to the threat of terrorism

Judis 08 Senior editor at The New Republic and a contributing editor to The American Prospect

(John, “Phantom Menace: The Psychology Behind America's Immigration Hysteria” Carnegie Endowment. Accessed July 3, 2009 WBTA)

The United States has long experienced bursts of anti-immigration fervor--in the 1850s (the era of the infamous Know-Nothings), the 1880s and 1890s, the 1910s and 1920s, the early 1980s, and the first half of the 1990s. The spell we are experiencing today is only the latest iteration. It began with the September 11, 2001, attacks, after which a Gallup poll showed a 17-point increase in support for reducing immigration. A June 2002 survey for The Chicago Council on Foreign Relations concluded that "concern about terrorists entering the country ... appears to be contributing to the high level of support for reducing immigration." But respondents were not concerned about immigration per se--they were worried about terrorists sneaking into the country. During the 2002 elections, there was no debate over immigration. The issue was entirely overshadowed by the war on terrorism. Immigration barely surfaced in the 2004 elections, either--both George W. Bush and John Kerry, seeking Latino votes, took a conciliatory approach toward illegal immigrants. But widespread concern was simmering at the state level just beneath the surface.

Aff – Uniqueness – Anti-Immigrant Voting Now

Voters backlashing to increased immigration now – leaning right

Barry 08 senior analyst at the Center for International Policy

(Tom, 7/15/2008, “Anti-Immigration Groups Keep Pushing and Winning,” )

Anyone involved in immigration issues – whether as a policymaker, policy advocate, grassroots activist, or journalist – can testify to the strength of citizen opposition to immigration and immigrants. The comments sections of online articles on immigration fill quickly with anti-immigration rants, and policymakers report overwhelming anti-immigration sentiment received from voters in their districts.   The major restrictionist organizations have fostered and shaped this citizen backlash against immigration and immigrants, and this grassroots opposition now propels them forward to yet more aggressive legislative and legal campaigns to rollback the immigrant presence in the United States.   Pro-immigrant groups also have think tanks, policy institutes, legal centers, civil liberty groups, and lobbying organizations. Like the restrictionists, they can count on supportive foundations and journalists, and like the restrictionists they often strategize together.   Yet unlike the restrictionists, immigration proponents have no citizen constituency. Their constituency is large – 38 million strong – but most immigrants are not citizens. In fact, 12 million live in the shadows as “illegal aliens.” While many citizens are sympathetic to their plight, the immigrant constituency itself has little political power.

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