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Chapter 2

Multiple Choice

1. The terms model, approach, and perspective

a. Can be used interchangeably (p19-20)

b. Refer to theories

c. Describe day-to-day practice in social work

d. All of the above

2. A comprehensive approach to describing human behavior is:

a. The person-in-environment (p20)

b. Strengths perspective

c. Social learning theory

d. Behavioral theory

3. According to the text, the interrelated aspect of clients’ lives is best described by:

a. Systems theory (p20)

b. Micro, mezzo, macro

c. Person-in-environment

d. Humanism

4. In reference to the micro-mezzo-macro approach, the micro level refers to:

a. Aspects of the individual such as biological, psychological, developmental, spiritual, etc. (p23)

b. Elements of the individual’s physical environment such as neighborhood, school, church, etc.

c. The medical model

d. Elements of the individual’s immediate social environment such as family, friends, co-workers, etc.

5. The larger social forces that affect an individual are located in what level?

a. Micro

b. mezzo

c. Macro (p24)

d. Exosystem

6. The biopsychosocial approach to individuals

a. Focuses on the individual’s biological, psychological, and social functioning (p26)

b. Breaks down human behavior into a single component

c. Provides a lens through which one can assess client’s community

d. Assumes individuals have no impact on their immediate environment

7. The way to understand human interactions within their environment is through:

a. Systems theory (p29)

b. Operant conditioning

c. Psychosocial development

d. The medical model

8. In systems theory, what tells the system what it’s doing correctly or incorrectly with regard to functioning?

a. Feedback (p30)

b. Homeostasis

c. Entropy

d. Roles

9. What is known as “the sanctioned patterns of behaviors expected of individuals within a system”?

a. Subsystems

b. Differentiation

c. Roles (p30)

d. Boundaries

10. Systems are always striving to:

a. Maintain the status quo (p30)

b. Create change

c. Nurture growth

d. Develop new subsystems

11. Which theory explains human development through interactions between the individual and the environment?

a. Ecosystems theory

b. Person-in-environment

c. Biopsychosocial

d. Ecological theory (p34)

12. In ecological theory, which level consists of all the social settings in which things happen that affect people?

a. Mesosystem

b. Exosystem (p36)

c. Microsystem

d. Macrosystem

13. With regard to ecological theory, the positive and negative interactions people have with others are referred to as:

a. Transactions (p37)

b. Adaptation

c. Interdependence

d. Coping

14. In ecological theory, the ability of individuals to adjust to their environments is called:

a. Coping

b. Interdependence

c. Adaptation (p38)

d. Transactions

15. In ecological theory, the ways in which individuals deal with negative events and situations in ecological theory is termed:

a. Coping (p38)

b. Adaptation

c. Interdependence

d. Maladaptive behavior

16. The ecosystems approach

a. Combines two theories to create a more comprehensive way to approach work with clients (p40-41)

b. Is the application of an systems theory to individuals

c. Contradicts ecological theory

d. Has been researched and found effective

17. “All human beings have the capacity for growth, change, and adaption.” This is a tenet of:

a. Ecosystems approach

b. Person-in-environment

c. NASW code of ethics

d. The strengths perspective (p41)

18. A social worker who focuses on the strengths perspective

a. Empowers clients (p42)

b. Shifts responsibility to the client

c. Discounts conflict in the client’s environment

d. Uses his or her own strengths to help clients

19. Which is a challenge to implementing the strengths perspective?

a. Mandates and funding issues require many agencies to focus on problems (p44)

b. Clients often lack adequate strengths to build upon

c. It requires specialized training

d. Social work has rejected this perspective

Short Answer

20. Explain the difference between an approach and a theory. (p19-20)

21. Explain the person-in-environment approach. (p20)

22. Define and describe the differences between the micro, mezzo, and macro levels. (p20-24)

23. Describe the strengths and limitations of the biopsychosocial approach. (p27-29)

24. What are the critiques of systems theory? (p34)

25. List and describe the differences between the levels in ecological theory. (p35-39)

26. What are the similarities and differences among the ecosystems approach, ecological theory, and systems theory? (p40-41)

27. What are the advantages of the ecosystems approach? (p40-41)

28. Describe the strengths perspective. Include the challenges a social worker might encounter in implementing the strengths perspective, and suggest ways in which they might work through those challenges. (p41-45)

29. What are the benefits and limitations of the strengths perspective? (p44-45)

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