Richard L - University of Michigan



Richard L. Alfred

Richard Alfred is a nationally and internationally recognized writer, researcher, speaker and consultant on the topic of community college education. Educated at Allegheny College (B.A. Sociology, 1966) and The Pennsylvania State University (M.Ed. Higher Education and Sociology, 1968 and Ed.D. Higher Education and Sociology, 1972) he has held a variety of positions in community colleges. From 1968-69 he was instructor in Sociology, Counselor, and Director of Placement and Financial Aid at Cuyahoga Community College in Cleveland, Ohio. He served as Assistant to the Director of Placement and Financial Aid at The Pennsylvania State University from 1969-72 while completing the doctoral degree in Higher Education/Sociology. In 1972 he became Director of Educational Development and Research in the Metropolitan Community College District in Kansas City, Missouri. He developed the Long-Range Master Plan for the district and in 1974 began service with New York City Community College in the position of Executive Assistant to the President and Director of Educational Planning, Research, and Development. In 1977 he was named Vice President for Finance, Planning, and Management with responsibility for the strategic development of the institution. Alfred was appointed Associate Professor of Higher Education at the University of Michigan in 1981. From 1985-1988 he served as Chair of the Department of Higher and Adult Continuing Education.

Alfred established the Consortium for Community College Development in 1986. The Consortium is a partnership involving two sponsoring universities working with 155 community colleges in thirty-five states and Canada. It is the largest two-year college consortium in the United States. In November 1991 he was named Executive Director of COMBASE, a national consortium of 55 community colleges committed to the philosophy and practice of community-based education.

Alfred is active in a number of professional organizations in higher education including, among others, the Association for the Study of Community of which he is Past President, the Association for the Study of Higher Education, and the American Educational Research Association. He is on the editorial boards of the Community College Review, The Community College Catalyst and the Community College Journal of Research and Practice. Alfred received the Distinguished Scholarship Award from the National Council of Research and Planning in 1999, the prestigious Leadership Award from the American Association of Community Colleges in 1994, and the first annual Medallion Award from the American College Personnel Association (ACPA) and National Association of Student Personnel Administrators (NASPA) in 1992. He twice received (1994 and 1988) the Senior Scholar Award from the Council of Universities and Colleges (AACC). In 1994 he received the Distinguished Service Award from the Council of Universities and Colleges.

Curriculum Vita

2108 School of Education Building 759 Mooreville Rd.

University of Michigan Milan, MI 48160

Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1259 Telephone: (734) 439-1926

Telephone: (734) 647-1979 Fax (734) 439-7861

Email: ralfred@umich.edu

ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

EXPERIENCE

1981 - present Associate Professor, Higher and Adult Continuing Education,

The University of Michigan

1986 - present Founder and Director, Consortium for Community College

Development

1991 - 1998 Executive Director, COMBASE

1985 - 1988 Program Chair, Higher and Adult Continuing Education,

University of Michigan

1977 - 1981 Vice President of Finance, Planning, and Management

New York City Community College

1974 - 1977 Executive Assistant to the President and Director of

Educational Planning, Research and Development, New York

City Community College

1972 - 1974 Director of Educational Development and Research,

Metropolitan Community College District, Kansas City, Missouri

1969 - 1972 Assistant to the Director of Placement and Financial Aid, The

Pennsylvania State University

1968-1969 Instructor in Sociology, Counselor, and Director of Placement and

Financial Aid, Cuyahoga Community College, Cleveland, Ohio

EDUCATION

1972 Ed.D. The Pennsylvania State University

University Park, Pennsylvania

1968 M.Ed. The Pennsylvania State University

University Park, Pennsylvania

(Higher Education and Sociology)

1966 B.A. Allegheny College

Meadville, Pennsylvania

(Sociology)

TEACHING

Since 1977 1 have taught graduate education courses in two comprehensive research universities. These courses are listed below.

1981 - Present University of Michigan

ED 861 Human Resource Management in Colleges and Universities

ED 862 Community College Governance and Administration

ED 770 Concepts and Dynamics of Strategy in Colleges and Universities

ED 764 Public Policy in Postsecondary Education

ED 763 Financial Management and Strategy in Postsecondary Education

ED 563 The Community College

ED 561 Introduction to Higher Education

1977-1980 New York University

SEHNAP 650 The American Community College

I have also taught introductory social sciences courses in three community college districts while serving as a full-time administrator.

VISITING PROFESSORSHIPS

1987 - 1994 Visiting Professor of Educational Administration

Central Michigan University

(Canadian Programs)

Summer 1984 Distinguished Visiting Professor

Adult and Community College Education

North Carolina State University

PUBLICATIONS AND RESEARCH

BOOKS AND MONOGRAPHS

Alfred, R.L., Ewell, P., Hudgins, J., and McClenney, K. (1999), Core Indicators of Effectiveness in Community Colleges, (2nd Edition), Washington, D.C.: Community College Press.

Carter, P. N., and Alfred, R. L., (1999). Making Change Happen, Ann Arbor, Michigan: Consortium for Community College Developments.

Alfred, R. L., Carter, P. (Eds.) (1998). The Transformation Imperative: New Designs for Community Colleges. Community College Journal of Research and Practice. Denton, Texas.

Alfred, R.L. and Carter, P. (Eds.) (1998). Defining Effectiveness in Community Colleges. Journal of Applied Research in Community Colleges. Normal, Illinois.

Alfred, R. L. & Carter, P. (1998). Reaching for the Future. Consortium for Community

College Development. Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Carter, P. and Alfred, R. L. (1996). Breaking Out of the Box: New Colleges for a New

Century. Ann Arbor, Michigan: Consortium for Community College Development.

Alfred, R. L. et al. (1994, April). Community Colleges: Core indicators of effectiveness.

Washington, D.C: American Association of Community Colleges.

Alfred, R. L. & Carter, P. (Eds.). (1994, January). Changing managerial imperatives. New Directions for Community Colleges. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, Inc.

Alfred, R. L., Peterson, R. 0., & White, T. 0. (1992, June). Making community colleges more effective: Leading through student success. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan, Community College Consortium.

Alfred, R. L. & Linder, V. (1990, February). Rhetoric to reality: Effectiveness in community colleges. Ann Arbor, Michigan: The University of Michigan, Community College Consortium and the Center for the Study of Higher and Postsecondary Education.

Alfred, R.L. (1989, April). Building effective community colleges for the next decade. Waterloo, Iowa: University of Northern Iowa, College of Education.

Alfred, R.L. & Weissman, J. (1988, August). Higher education and public trust: Improving stature in colleges and universities. (Higher Education Report No. 6). Association for the Study of Higher Education and ERIC Clearinghouse on Higher Education.

Waggoner, M. D., Alfred, R. L., & Peterson, M. W. (1987, Summer). Academic effectiveness: Transforming colleges and universities for the 1990's. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan, School of Education.

Alfred, R. L. & Hummel, M. L. (1987, Spring). Instructional dynamics in two-year postsecondary institutions. National Center for Research in Vocational Education.

Alfred, R. L. & Rush, P. D. (1985). Emerging trustee roles in community college governance. (Monograph). Association of Community College Trustees.

Waggoner, M., Alfred, R. L., & Peterson, M. W. (Eds.). (1984, August). Academic renewal: Advancing higher education toward the 90's. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan, School of Education.

Alfred, R. L., Elsner, P., & LeCroy, Jr. (Eds.). (1984). Emerging roles for community college leaders. New Directions for Community Colleges, 46. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, Inc.

Alfred, R. L. (Ed.). (1982). Institutional impacts on campus, business, and community constituencies. New Directions for Community Colleges, 38. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, Inc.

Alfred, R. L. (Ed.). (1978, Summer). Coping with reduced resources. New Directions for Community Colleges, 2 1. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, Inc.

Alfred, R. L. & Ivens, S. H. (1978, Spring). A conceptual frame work for institutional research in community colleges. College Entrance Examination Board.

Alfred, R. L. (1975, Spring). Impacts of the community and junior college on students. American College Testing Program and ERIC Clearinghouse for Junior Colleges.

Alfred, R. L. (1974, Spring). Student attrition: Strategies for action. GT-70 Consortium of Community Colleges.

BOOK CHAPTERS

Alfred, R.L. and Carter, P. (2000). Contradictory Colleges: Thriving in an Era of Continuous Change. in American Association of Community Colleges, The Knowledge Net. Washington, D.C.: Community College Press

Alfred, R. L. and Carter, P., (1999). Organizational Change and Development in Community Colleges. Higher Education Handbook of Theory and Research, Volume XIV. New York, New York:Agethon Press

Alfred, R. L. (1997). Competition for Limited Resources: Realities, Prospects and Strategies. In D. Honeyman and J. Wattenbarger (Eds.), A Struggle to Survive: Funding Higher Education in the Next Century. (pp. 209-228). Thousand Oaks, California: -Corwin Press, Inc.

Alfred, R. L. and Rosevear, S. (1996, Summer). Organizational Structure, Management and Leadership for the Future. In A. Hoffman and Y. Neuman (Eds.), Handbook of College and University Management, Marysville, MO: Prescott Publishers.

Alfred, R. L. (1994, March). Measuring teaching effectiveness. In T. O'Banion (Ed.), Teaching and learning in the community college. Washington, DC: Community College Press.

Alfred, R. L. (1993, December). Student success: From research to action. In D. Floyd (Ed.), From vision to reality: Student affairs agenda for the 90's. Iowa City: American College Testing Program.

Alfred, R. L. & Linder, V. (1992, Fall). Empowering faculty through redefined work roles. In K. Kroll (Ed.), Maintaining faculty excellence. New Directions for Community Colleges, 79. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, Inc.

Alfred, R. L. (1992, Fall). Research and practice on shared governance and participatory decision making. In G. Baker (Ed.), Handbook on community colleges in America. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press.

Alfred, R. L. (1992, Winter). Evaluating results of economic and workforce development programs. In G. Waddell (Ed.), Community college roles in economic development. New Directions for Community Colleges, 75. San Francisco: Jossey - Bass, Inc.

Alfred, R. L. (1991). Institutional Effectiveness. In D. Angel & M. DeVault (Eds.), Conceptualizing 2000: Proactive planning. Washington, DC: Community College Press.

Alfred, R. L. (1988). Positioning alternatives and new partnerships. In J. Eaton (Ed.), Colleges of choice: The enabling impact of the community college. New York: American Council on Education. MacMillan Publishing Company.

Alfred, R. L. & Hummel, M. L. (1988, January). Influences on instructional delivery and involvement in postsecondary education. In K. Hollenbeck (Ed.), Postsecondary occupational education delivery: An examination. Columbus, Ohio: National Center for Research in Vocational Education.

Alfred, R. L. & Smydra, D. F. (1986). Reforming governance: Resolving challenges to institutional authority. In W. Deegan & D. Tillery (Eds.), Renewing the American community college. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, Inc.

Alfred, R. L. (1985, Summer). Emerging issues in public policy and financial administration. In D. Campbell (Ed.), Strengthening financial management. New Directions for Community Colleges, 50. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, Inc.

Alfred, R. L. (1985, Spring). Organizing for renewal through participative governance. In R. M.

Davis (Ed.), Leadership and institutional renewal. New Directions for Higher Education, 49. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, Inc.

Alfred, R. L. (1985, Spring). Power on the periphery: Faculty and student roles in governance. In W. Deegan & J. Gollatscheck (Eds.), Ensuring Effective Governance. New Directions for Community Colleges, 49. San Francisco: Jossey - Bass, Inc.

Alfred, R. L. (1984, Summer). Emerging roles for community college leaders. In P. Elsner & J. LeCroy (Eds.), New Directions for Community Colleges, 38. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, Inc.

Alfred, R. L. (1982). Improving decisions about students through qualitative research. In S. V. Martorana & E. Kuhns (Eds.), Qualitative methods for institutional research. New Directions for Institutional Research, 34. San Francisco: Jossey - Bass, Inc.

Alfred, R. L. (1978, Fall). Programs Review in the Community College. In Self-assessment in colleges and universities. New York: State Department of Education.

Alfred, R. L. (1978, Summer). Impacts of the community college on students. In Impact of the Community/Junior Colleges on Students and the Community. American Educational Research Association/SIG Two-Year College Research.

Alfred, R. L. (1977, Spring). The range and scope of data for two-year college research and planning. Educational Testing Service.

Alfred, R. L. (1976, Summer). Intervention by the community. In H. Holcomb (Ed.), Reaching out through community services. New Directions for Community Colleges, 14. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, Inc.

JOURNAL ARTICLES

Alfred, R.L. (in press) Images of the Future. Community College Journal.

Alfred, R.L. (2001) Strategic Thinking: The Untapped Resource for Leaders. Community College Journal,7(3).

Alfred, R.L. (2000) Assessment as a Strategic Weapon. Community College Journal,70(4).

Alfred, R. L., (1999). Colleges Create Competitive Advantage Through Maverick Behavior. Community College Journal,. 69(4).

Alfred, R. (1998). Shared Governance in Community Colleges. Issue paper. Commissioned by Education Commission of the States, Denver, Colorado: Education Commission of the States.

Alfred, R. (1998). Shared Governance in Community Colleges. State Education Leader. Denver, Colorado: Education Commission of the States, 16(2), Spring/Summer 1998.

Alfred, R. L. and Carter, P. (1998, January). Staying Competitive: New Tactics for Organizational Development. Community College Journal. 68 (3).

Alfred, R. L. and Carter, P. (1997, April/May). Out of the Box: Strategies for Building High Performing Community Colleges, Community College Journal.

Alfred, R. L. and Carter, P. (1996, February/March). Inside Track to the Future: Strategies, Structure and Leadership for Change. Community College Journal, 66 (4).

Kingan, M. E. & Alfred, R. L. (1993, Winter). Entry student assessment at community colleges: tracking or facilitating? Community College Review, 21(3).

Alfred, R. L. (1992, Winter). Making community colleges more effective: The service imperative. IE in Focus: Issues, Trends, and Methodologies in Institutional Effectiveness, 2(l).

Alfred, R. L. & Kreider, P. (199 1, April/May). Creating a culture for institutional effectiveness. Community and Junior College Journal, 61(5).

Alfred, R. L. & Horowitz, M. (1990, Summer/Fall). Higher education and public perception: Dynamics of institutional stature. Journal of Higher Education Management, 6(l).

Alfred, R. L. (1990, Fall). Planning, implementing and evaluating career education programs. Columbus, Ohio: Ohio State University, Center for Research on Vocational Education.

Alfred, R. L. & Peterson, R. 0. (1990, June/July). Keeping transfer in perspective. Community and Junior College Journal, 60(6).

Alfred, R. L. & Lum, G. (1988). Remedial program policies, student demographic characteristics and academic achievement in community colleges. Community/Junior College Quarterly of Research and Practice, 12(2).

Thompson, C. P., Alfred, R. L., & Lowther, M. (1987, Fall). Institutional effort: A reality-based model for assessment of community college productivity. Community College Review, 15(2).

Hilpert, J. M. & Alfred, R. L. (1984, Summer). Enrollment success in private colleges and universities. Educational Record, 68(3).

Alfred, R. L. (1987, Summer). Defining effectiveness through student outcomes assessment. Academic Effectiveness: Transforming College and Universities for the 1990's. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan, School of Education.

Alfred, R. L. (1986, March). Measuring student outcomes through the associate degree. ERIC Digest.

Alfred, R. L. (1986, Spring/Summer). Social change and community college faculty: Is effective teaching becoming obsolete? Community College Review, 14(2).

Alfred, R. L. & Hilpert, J. M. (1985, Spring). The liberal arts and the personnel needs of complex organizations. Liberal Education, 7(l).

Hall, R. T. & Alfred, R. L. (1985, Spring). Applied research on leadership in community colleges. Community College Review, 12(2).

Alfred, R. L. (1985, March). Community colleges and education in the 1980's. The Education Digest.

Alfred, R. L. (1985, March). Governance and the community college mission. Community and Junior College Journal, 55(6)

Alfred, R. L. & Lowery, S. K. (1984, August/September). Sign of the times. Community and Junior College Journal, 55(l).

Alfred, R. L. & Rush, P. (1984, July). Trustee views concerning involvement in institutional planning and budgeting. Advisor. (Association of Community College Trustees).

Alfred, R. L. & Rush, P. (19 84, September). Presidential views about trustee involvement in institutional planning and budgeting. Advisor. (Association of Community College Trustees).

Alfred, R. L. & Nash, N. (1985, Fall). Faculty retraining: A strategic response to changing resources and technology. Community College Review, 1](2).

Zitzewitz, B. & Alfred, R. L. (1983, July). The paradox of the open door: Student turn away in

the community college. Community College Journal for Research and Planning, 3(l).

Alfred, R. L. (1982, May). An enterprise in need of investment. Community and Junior College Journal, 52(8).

Alfred, R. L. (1980, March). Socioeconomic impact of the two-year college. Junior College Resource Review.

Alfred, R. L. (1979, Summer). 1980: A decade of decision for community colleges. Community College Frontiers, 7(4).

Alfred, R. L. (1977, Fall). Assessing program effectiveness: Two approaches based on perceived needs of external agencies. Northeast Association for Institutional Research (NAIR).

Alfred, R. L. (1977, March). A growing role for institutional research. Community and Junior College Journal, 4 7(6).

Alfred, R. L. (1977, Spring). Examining impact in the community college. Community College Frontiers, 5(3).

Alfred, R. L. (1976, Fall). Developing and implementing a comprehensive masterplan for institutional research and planning. Northeast Association of Institutional Research (NAIR).

KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTS

Strategic Planning for Community Colleges

Transformation Tools

Supported by W.K. Kellogg Foundation

Complete: January 2001

Culture Mapping and Engineering

Transformation Tools

Planned Completion: March 2002

Organizational Strategy

Transformation Tools

Planned Completion: March 2003

BOOK REVIEWS

Alfred, R. L. (1985, Winter). Society for College and University Planning. [Review of Strategic Management in the Community College]. In Planning for Higher Education.

GRANTS AND CONTRACTS

Transformation Tools for Community colleges. W.K. Kellogg Foundation. Project number P0056087, $179,000, September 1998 - December 2000. Project Director: Richard Alfred

Strategic Plan for the City Colleges of Chicago. Institutional Project, $535,000, September 1996 to June 1998. Project Director: Richard Alfred.

Strategic Plan for Northern Essex Community College. Institutional Project, $78,000, October 1996 to December 1997. Project Co-Director: Richard Alfred.

Program for Developing Leaders with Quality-Focused Management Skills. W. K. Kellogg Foundation, Project Number P0000455, $50,000, October 1, 1990 to December 1, 1992. Project Director: Richard L. Alfred.

Developing Leaders for Community Colleges. Ford Foundation, Project Number 9001400, $50,000, October 1, 1990 to September 30, 1991. Project Director: Richard L. Alfred.

Statewide Institutional Effectiveness Model. Wisconsin Technical College System, $28,000, November 1992 to October 1993. Project Director: Richard L. Alfred.

Systemwide Institutional Effectiveness Model. City Colleges of Chicago, $48,500, November 1994 to September 1995. Project Director: Richard L. Alfred.

Development of strategic plans for twenty community college districts:

MICHIGAN

Monroe County Community College

North Central Michigan College

St. Clair County Community College

Glen Oaks Community College

C. S. Mott Community College

St. Clair County Community College

ILLINOIS

City Colleges of Chicago

Moraine Valley Community College

NORTH CAROLINA

Cape Fear Community College

Central Piedmont Community College

COLORADO

Pueblo Community College

CONNECTICUT

Manchester Community-Technical College

Norwalk Community-Technical College

MASSACHUSETTS

Northern Essex Community College

ALASKA

Prince William Sound Community College

Ketchikan Community College

NEW JERSEY

Burlington County college

Hudson County Community College

NEW YORK

New York City Community College

VIRGINIA

J. Sargeant Reynolds Community College

Development of institutional effectiveness models for two community college systems.

ILLINOIS

City Colleges of Chicago

WISCONSIN

Wisconsin Technical College System

HONORS AND AWARDS

1999 Distinguished Scholarship Award

National Council on Research and Planning

Presented in recognition of outstanding research on community colleges.

1994 Leadership Award

American Association of Community Colleges

Presented in recognition of distinguished leadership for the nation's community colleges.

1994 Distinguished Service Award

Council of Universities and Colleges American Association of Community Colleges Presented in recognition of distinguished service to the nation's community colleges.

1994 Senior Scholar Award

Council of Universities and Colleges American Association of Community Colleges Presented in recognition of outstanding research and scholarly contributions to community colleges.

1992 Medallion Award

National Association of Student Personnel Administrators (NASPA) American College Personnel Association (ACPA) National Council for Student Development (AACC) Presented in recognition of research and scholarship on student development in community colleges.

1988 Senior Scholar Award

Council of Universities and Colleges American Association of Community and Junior Colleges Presented in recognition of outstanding research and scholarly contributions to community colleges.

Men of Achievement

Who's Who in the World

Who's Who in America

Who's Who in American Education

International Who's Who

Dictionary of International Biography

International Who's Who of Professionals

MEMBERSHIPS

Council of Colleges and Universities (Past President)

American Association of Community Colleges

Association for the Study of Higher Education

American Association of Higher Education

Association for Institutional Research

PROFESSIONAL PRESENTATIONS

More than 500 presentations (keynote speeches, conference presentations, research papers, panel presentations, and invited lectures) between 1975 and 2001. These presentations are too numerous to list. On the average, I make 20 presentations a year to national and regional community college associations in the United States and Canada, government agencies, professional development associations, research universities, college consortia, and state coordinating boards.

PROFESSIONAL SERVICE

Consultantships and compensated professional services have been carried out with more than 350 community colleges, universities, professional associations, and government agencies since 1976. A partial list appears below.

EXTERNAL CONSULTANTSHIPS (partial list)

Alaska Community College System

Alpena Community College (Michigan)

Amarillo College (Texas)

American Council on Education

American Association of Community Colleges

Association of Community College Trustees

Austin Community College (Texas)

Bay de Noc Community College (Michigan)

Bergen Community College (New Jersey)

California Community College Association

Cambrian College of Applied Arts and Technology (Canada)

Cape Fear Community College (North Carolina)

City Colleges of Chicago

Council for Advancement and Support of Education (CASE)

Central Community College (Nebraska)

Central Piedmont Community College (North Carolina)

College Entrance Examination Board

College of Lake County (Illinois)

College of the Mainland (Texas)

Community College of Philadelphia (Pennsylvania)

Confederation College (Canada)

Crowder College (Missouri)

Cuyahoga Community College (Ohio)

Delta College (Michigan)

Durham College of Applied Arts and Technology (Canada)

Dutchess Community College (New York)

East Central College (Missouri)

Educational Testing Service

Elgin Community College (Illinois)

Ferris State University (Michigan)

Ford Foundation

Fresno City College (California)

Fund for Improvement of Postsecondary Education (FIPSE)

Gaston College (North Carolina)

Glen Oaks Community College (Michigan)

Grand Rapids Community College (Michigan)

Government Systems Corporation

Hawaii Community College System

Higher Education Management Institute (Florida)

Hocking State Community College (Ohio)

Hudson County Community College (New Jersey)

Humber College of Applied Arts and Technology (Canada)

Illinois Association of Community College Trustees

Iowa Association of Community College Trustees

J. Sargeant Reynolds Community College (Virginia)

Jackson Community College (Michigan)

Jamestown Community College (New York)

Johnson County Community College (Kansas)

Jossey-Bass, Incorporated Publishers

W. K. Kellogg Foundation

Ketchikan Community College (Alaska)

Lakewood Community College (Minnesota)

Luzeme County Community College (Pennsylvania)

Macomb Community College (Michigan)

Madonna College (Michigan)

Manchester Community-Technical College (Connecticut)

McManis Associates Educational Consulting Corporation

Michigan Community College Association (MCCA)

Mid-Michigan Community College

Minnesota Community College System

Montcalm. Community College (Michigan)

Midwest Association for Institutional Research (MIDAIR)

Monroe County Community College (Michigan)

Montgomery Community College (Maryland)

Moraine Valley Community College (Illinois)

Mt. Hood Community College (Oregon)

Muskegon Community College (Michigan)

National Council Community College Business Officials (AACC)

National Council Community Relations (AACC)

National Council on Student Development (AACC)

New Hampshire System of Vocational/Technical Education

New Jersey Department of Higher Education

New York State Department of Education

North Carolina Department of Community Colleges

North Central Michigan College

North Iowa Area Community College

Norwalk Community-Technical College (Connecticut)

Oakland Community College (.Michigan)

Ohio Board of Regents

Oklahoma State University

Parkersburg Community College (West Virginia)

Portland Community College (Oregon)

Prince William Sound Community College (Alaska)

Raritan Valley College (New Jersey)

Sault College of Applied Arts and Technology (Canada)

Sangamon State University (Illinois)

Schoolcraft College (Michigan)

Shaw University (North Carolina)

Sir Sandford Fleming College (Canada)

South Carolina Technical and Community College Board

South Suburban College (Illinois)

Southern State Community College (Ohio)

Southeastern Community College (Iowa)

St. Clair County Community College (Michigan)

State Board for Technical Education (South Carolina)

Suomi College (Michigan)

Tanana Valley Community College (Alaska)

Triton College (Illinois)

Two-Year College Development Center (New York)

United States Office of Education

University of Minnesota

University of Northern Iowa

Wayne County Community College (Michigan)

Washtenaw Community College (Michigan)

Western Iowa Community College (Iowa)

Williamsport Area Community College (Pennsylvania)

Wisconsin Technical College System

Rev. 5/01

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