Milestones of physical development for preschoolers
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Chapter Four: Physical and Cognitive Development
hapte
4
Milestones of physical development for preschoolers
Milestones are things most children can do by a certain age. Each child develops at her own pace meaning that some
children will achieve development of physical milestones faster or slower than other children.
Three year olds
Four year olds
What to expect
What to expect
? Uses the toilet with some help
? Toilets alone; may need help
? Puts on shoes (but can¡¯t tie them)
? Uses a spoon, fork, and sometimes a dinner
knife at the table
? Dresses himself with some help
? Brushes teeth, combs hair, hangs up clothes
without a lot of help
? Feeds himself (with some spilling)
? Uses fork and spoon
? Brushes teeth (may need some help)
? Can pour from small pitcher while holding cup
with some help
? Kicks a ball forward
? Hops on one foot
? Stands, balances, and may hop on one foot
? Runs, jumps, hops, and gallops
? Jumps with both feet
? Swings and climbs
? Pedals a tricycle
? Stacks ten or more blocks
? Walks on a line
? Throws a ball easily
? Walks up and down stairs, without support,
may alternate feet
? Catches a bounced ball some of the time
? Likes to gallop, turn somersaults, and climb
? Runs easily
? Builds and stacks blocks
? Climbs and swings
? Uses manipulative type toys (connecting
blocks)
? Turns door handles
? May be able to print own name
? Uses manipulative type toys (puzzles/
connecting blocks)
? Threads small beads on a string
? Holds and uses crayons, markers, pencils; may
use pencil grip
? Cuts with scissors
? Holds and uses crayons, markers, pencils,
starting to use preferred hand and pencil grip
? Draws shapes, faces; may draw some letters
and numbers
? Draws recognizable shapes and is beginning
to print letters and numbers
? Uses scissors
4
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New Staff Orientation ¨C Working With Preschoolers
extension.psu.edu/youth/betterkidcare
New Staff Orientation ¨C Working With Preschoolers, Chapter Four: Physical and Cognitive Development
Five year olds
Resources and references
What to expect
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Updated 2014.
¡°Learn the Signs. Act Early: Developmental Milestones.¡±
CDC.
? Toilets independently
? Gets dressed, combs hair, brushes
teeth independently
? May be able to tie shoelaces
? Can pour from small pitcher while
holding cup with some help
. Updated 2013. ¡°Ages & Stages,
Developmental Milestones: 3 to 4 Year Olds.¡±
.
English/ages-stages/preschool/Pages/DevelopmentalMilestones-3-to-4-Year-Olds.aspx
. Updated 2013. ¡°Ages & Stages,
Developmental Milestones: 4 to 5 Year Olds.¡±
.
English/ages-stages/preschool/Pages/DevelopmentalMilestones-4-to-5-Year-Olds.aspx
? Uses a spoon, fork, and a
dinner knife at the table
? Runs on tiptoes
? Stands on one foot for ten
seconds or longer
Better Kid Care resources
? Hops on one foot
Fabulous five year olds
? Swings and climbs
Fun with four year olds
? Somersaults
Terrific three year olds
? Catches a bounced ball
? Rides a tricycle easily
? Jumps rope
? Runs, jumps, gallops and
may be able to skip
? Cuts on a line with scissors
? Uses complex manipulative type
toys (connecting blocks, puzzles)
? Holds and uses crayons, markers, pencils in
correct pencil grasp and in a preferred hand
? Draws recognizable representations such
as people, trees, letters and numbers
? Copies designs, shapes,
words and numbers
4
Supported by funds from the Office of Child Development and Early Learning, jointly overseen by the Departments of Human Services and Education.
This publication is available in alternative media on request.
Penn State is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer, and is committed to providing
employment opportunities to minorities, women, veterans, individuals with disabilities, and
other protected groups. Nondiscrimination:
Claudia C. Mincemoyer, Ph.D.,
Better Kid Care Program Director
343 North Science Park Road Suite 208
State College, PA 16803
? 2015 The Pennsylvania State University
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