High School Quizbowl Packet Archive

 2018 Paul M. Dorman High School Cavalier ChallengeQuestions written and edited by the Academic Team at the University of South Carolina [Eric Douglass (Head Editor), Bryn Douglass, Thomas Elgin, Julian Rachele, John Huylu, Ajay Patel, Anna Mancino, Josh Clardy, Robert Earl Lawson, Chris King] and Jonathen Settle (Science Editor)Round 1Tossups:1. This group was responsible for attacking a prison and releasing over 700 inmates in Bauchi in 2010. Members of this group use the Sambisa Forest as a hideout. Founded by Mohammed Yusuf, this group rejected a 2013 proposal by Goodluck Jonathan to grant amnesty in exchange for disarmament, and it is led by Abubakar Sekau. For 10 points, name this Nigerian Islamic sectarian movement that kidnapped hundreds of schoolgirls in 2014.ANSWER: Boko Haram2. The Targowica (tar-go-veet-sah) Confederation was formed after one of these events and was destroyed by the Ko?ciuszko (kos-kee-uhs-koh) Uprising, prompting another of these events. The liberum veto, a parliamentary procedure of the Grand Sejm (same), is often blamed for causing these events. Hitler’s blitzkrieg has been called “Fourth” of, for 10 points, what 1772, 1793 and 1795 events which saw Austria, Prussia, and Russia gain all the lands belonging to a country that has its capital at Warsaw.ANSWER: Partitions of Poland [accept any answers describing a splitting up of Poland; prompt on “Poland”]3. A movie named for one of these objects sees Captain Anderson steal one of these things, prompting Johnny Gray to go on an adventure to save his love from Union troops. Guy Hanes meets the evil Bruno Anthony in one of these objects in another movie. A bandit fires his gun at the camera in a 1903 movie about an event involving one of these things. For 10 points, name these modes of transportation that are featured in Buster Keaton’s The General, a Hitchcock film about strangers on one, and an early film about a great robbery on one of these objects.ANSWER: trains [or reasonable equivalents including locomotives]4. One type of this tissue mostly found in the neck and around thoracic blood vessels contains the protein thermogenin that produces heat instead of ATP from oxidative phosphorylation. Bioelectrical impedance analysis can be used to estimate amounts of this tissue in the body. A highly vascularized type of this tissue appears in all whales, dolphins and seals. Yellow bone marrow is primarily composed of this tissue, which is removed in liposuction. For 10 points, name this type of tissue the accumulation of which can lead to obesity. ANSWER: adipose tissue (accept body fat; accept white adipose tissue or white fat; accept brown adipose tissue or brown fat; anti-prompt on “blubber”)5. In this work, a man begs a French tourist to cease throwing coins to desperate children because it reminds him of diving for crumbs. Madame Schachter is gagged after repeatedly yelling that she sees a fire in this novel. The main figure looks at himself at this work’s end and sees the eyes of a corpse. The main figure’s father Chlomo dies in this work, in which Dr. Mengele chooses who lives and dies. For 10 points, name this memoir of life in Buchenwald and Auschwitz by Eli Wiesel, the first work in a trilogy that included Dawn and Day.ANSWER: Night6. Charles King of this country resigned after a League of Nations investigation revealed the shipment of slaves from this country to the Fernando Po plantations. A president of this country called himself the “Convivial Cannibal from the Downcoast Hinterlands” and was William Tubman. The True Whigs are a party in this country, which was once ruled by Samuel Doe and Jerry Rawlings, who was charged with trading in blood diamonds. For 10 points, name this African country that was founded through the efforts of the American Colonization Society as a haven for slaves.ANSWER: Liberia7. One school in this state is known as the “cradle of coaches” for being the alma mater of, among others, Ara Parseghian (Air-uh Par-see-gun), Paul Dietzel, and Weeb Ewbank. Two teams in this state play for the Steel Tire trophy. “Hang on Sloopy” is notably played by a marching band in this state in a stadium called the Horseshoe. That football team in this state was once coached by Jim Tressel and is currently coached by Urban Meyer. For 10 points, name this state that is the home of the Bearcats and the Buckeyes.ANSWER: Ohio8. Abner defected to this man during a conflict between this man’s followers and those of Ishbosheth. His son was defeated in the Forest of Ephraim and had a feud regarding Tamar. He was the son of Jesse, and his son died after getting his hair caught in a tree. He rose to power following God’s loss of favor for Saul. He was the father of the rebellious Absalom and is believed to be the author of much of the book of Psalms. For 10 points, name this second King of Israel, the father of Solomon and slayer of Goliath.ANSWER: King David9. This scientist used a primitive electrometer to discover that torbernite ore caused the air around it to conduct electricity, leading to the eventual discovery of two new elements. This chemist pioneered the use of mobile X-ray units and used radon for sterilization purposes. President Harding presented a gram of radium to this person to help with research, and this chemist named an element after her native country to bring attention to its lack of independence; that element is polonium. For 10 points, name this chemist, the first to win two Nobel Prizes in two different fields. ANSWER: Marie Sklodowska Curie (prompt on “Curie”)10. This was the home state of a character who kills a rival named Spitz. This state was also the location of a novel that saw a doctor bound to the corpse of a dead man, Frank Norris’ McTeague. The original home of Buck from Call of the Wild, this state is the location of Jim Casy’s murder after Casy tries to organize a farm workers’ strike. At the end of that novel in this state, Rose of Sharon nurses a starving. For 10 points, name this state that is the ultimate destination of the Joad family in John Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath.ANSWER: California11. The Secret Army Organization opposed this leader’s policies regarding a department of his country. He was succeeded as head of the Provisional Government by Félix Gouin and was associated with the “politics of grandeur.” He led his country to become the fourth nuclear power, vetoed Britain’s attempt to join the Common Market, and accepted Algerian independence in 1962. For 10 points, name this man who founded France’s Fifth Republic, led the Free French during World War II, and was president of France from 1959-1969.ANSWER: Charles de Gaulle12. In one painting, one of these objects is inscribed as producing “a companion in pleasure and balm in sorrow.” In that painting, a girl’s reflection can be seen above one of these objects. One object of this type is located just to the left of the hip of a man on the right side of Holbein’s The Ambassadors. An old blind man in tatters holds one of these objects while sitting cross-legged in a Blue Period painting. For 10 points, name these objects, which a girl is learning to use in a lesson in a painting by Jan Vermeer and an old man plays in a Picasso painting, types of which include virginals, lutes, and guitars.ANSWER: musical instruments [or lutes; or harpsichords; or virginals; or guitars; or The Harpsichord Lesson; or The Old Guitarist; or The Music Lesson]13. A dream in this novel sees the world devastated by germs that cause insanity in which the insane believe themselves to be mentally healthy, resulting in anarchy. One character is forced to read the story of Lazarus while Svidrigailov (Svi-dree-gay-lov) eavesdrops the evening before the main character visits Porfiry Petrovich. The prostitute Sonya travels to Siberia with the main character at the end of this work. For 10 points, name this novel in which Raskolnikov murders an old pawnbroker, a work by Fyodor Dostoevsky. ANSWER: Crime and Punishment [or Prestupleniye i Nakazaniye]14. This country inspired a piece that opens with a “Prelude a la Nuit” and includes a dance from this country that was taught to the composer by his mother. In addition to a rhapsody by Maurice Ravel and a capriccio by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, a man from this country composed a piece that includes the first movement “At the Generalife” (hen-er-al-eef-ay) and is about Nights in the Gardens of [this country]. The home of Manuel de Falla, for 10 points, name this country that was the inspiration for its countryman Isaac Albeniz’s piano suite Iberia.ANSWER: Spain15. A study of this condition saw the use of “linguistic camouflage” by women with this condition. In an experiment known the Sally-Anne test, which was conducted by Simon Baron-Cohen, children with this condition couldn’t identify the location of a ball that a doll had lost. Andrew Wakefield published a discredited study associating the MMR vaccine with this disease. For 10 points, Hans Asperger studied what spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders which can cause abnormal communication and social interaction?ANSWER: Autism spectrum disorder16. Later in this man’s life, Ferdinand Ward swindled him of his fortune. His General Order 11 expelled Jews from Kentucky, Tennessee, and Mississippi to crackdown on illegal cotton trade. While dying of throat cancer, he agreed to let Mark Twain publish his memoirs. He forced the surrender of Fort Donelson, and his administration was plagued by the Credit Mobilier and Whiskey Ring scandals. For 10 points, name this general who succeeded Andrew Johnson as president and received Robert E. Lee’s surrender at Appomattox.ANSWER: Ulysses S. Grant17. Any one of these things can be decomposed into a product of disjoint cycles, and the symmetric group of a set is the set of these things on the original set. Every one of these can be represented as a non-unique product of transpositions, and every one of these is either even or odd. The number of these objects on a set of n elements is equal to n factorial, and the number of these things when choosing k objects from a set of n objects is n factorial over quantity n minus k factorial. For 10 points, give this mathematical construct, an ordered arrangement of elements of a set, which is contrasted with combinations.ANSWER: permutations18. A “navel” located at a temple here marked the center of the universe and is where two eagles released by a deity met. At this location, an individual ate the pelanos cake and drank from the spring of Cassotis. Ethylene gas has been explained as a cause of a trancelike state that resulted in this place’s most well known presence. This place was where Apollo killed Python, and a medium sitting on a tripod would speak to those seeking prophecy here. For 10 points, name this location in Greece that was the site of an oracle.ANSWER: Delphi [accept Oracle at Delphi; prompt on “oracle”] 19. While traveling to France in this work, one character shakes a bear in a tree branch before shooting it. One character in this work worships Benamuckee. The main character discovers that a Brazilian plantation he owns has become profitable. Based on Alexander Selkirk, its protagonist places a notches in a cross inscribed “September 1, 1659.” The site of a footprint terrifies the protagonist in this work. For 10 points, name this novel in which the title character meets Friday while surviving on a remote island, a work by Daniel Defoe.ANSWER: Robinson Crusoe20. The equipartition theorem says that each quadratic mode of a system contributes a thermal energy of one half times Boltzmann’s constant times this quantity. Carnot efficiency is one minus the ratio of two values for this quantity, and the Carnot cycle itself consists of two adiabats and two paths where this quantity is constant. It varies directly with volume according to Charles’s law. The average kinetic energy of a gas is proportional to this quantity that is constant along isotherms. Kelvins are used as a unit of, for 10 points, what quantity measured by thermometers?ANSWER: temperatureTiebreakerIn this man’s work The Sand Reckoner, this man laid out calculations for the number of grains of sand that could fit in the universe. This man also developed a device that used simple rotational physics to extract water and light materials from bodies of water. At the onset of a Roman invasion, this man apocryphally created a heat ray using parabolic mirrors. For 10 points, name this ancient Greek mathematician, who shouted “Eureka!” after discovering the principle of buoyancy.ANSWER: Archimedes of SyracuseBonuses:1. Note to moderator: do not read aloud the entire answerline to the first part of this bonus. This literary location is where the protagonist’s uncle, Mr. Reed, died several years ago, and the protagonist faints after being sent to this room by the maids Bessie and Miss Abbot. For 10 points each:[10] Name this room at Gateshead in which the protagonist of an 1847 novel is sent after getting into a fight with her cousin John. ANSWER: Red Room from Jane Eyre [or reasonable equivalents, such as “Red Chamber”][10] This is the title character who faints in the red room. She ultimately falls in love with Mr. Rochester in a novel written by Charlotte Bronte.ANSWER: Jane Eyre [accept either answer][10] While staying at Lowood, this girl encourages Jane Eyre after Jane is punished by Mr. Brocklehurst. She dies of consumption during a typhus epidemic at the school and is buried in an unmarked grave. ANSWER: Helen Burns [accept either underlined name]2. Name the following about the Five Pillars of Islam. For 10 points each:[10] The first pillar, Shahadah, states this belief, along with Muhammad being the prophet of God. ANSWER: There is no God but God [accept reasonable equivalents][10] The pillar of prayer in Islam is given this name. This pillar states that Muslims must pray five times per day facing Mecca.ANSWER: Salat[10] This pillar of Islam refers to required charity in the presence of an excess of wealth. There are five principles to this pillar, one of which is that the giver must declare to God his intention to give charity.ANSWER: Zakat3. Drinking too much of this substance causes hyponatremia, a condition where sodium levels in the blood drop too low. For 10 points:[10] Name this chemical with pH equal to 7 that is often called the “universal solvent.”ANSWER: water [or H2O][10] One molecule of water can have 4 of these intermolecular forces, which give water its high boiling point. These forces are also responsible for protein secondary structure and holding DNA base pairs together.ANSWER: hydrogen bonds [or H bonds][10] When solidified, water creates cages around nonpolar gases like methane and these crystalline solids similar to ice are formed. The methane variety of these substances found in deep water and permafrost regions may pose a serious environmental threat.ANSWER: clathrate [or hydrate; or clathrate hydrate] 4. Odin hung himself from the roots of this tree for nine days in order to discover the secrets of runes. For 10 points each:[10] Name this tree, usually described as an ash tree, which unites the nine worlds of Norse Cosmology.ANSWER: Yggdrasil[10] In Norse Mythology, this world is the world of fire, and is usually described as being ruled by Surtr, the giant who will slay Freyr during Ragnarok. ANSWER: Muspelheim[10] Muspelheim and this other world were the two primordial realms that the other realms emerged from. While Muspelheim was a realm of fire and heat, this world was a realm of ice and cold.ANSWER: Niflheim 5. In this story, an unnamed narrator suffers from postpartum depression and is prescribed the “rest cure.” For 10 points each:[10] Name this American short story in which the narrator goes mad while trapped in a room. She thinks she sees a woman in the title decorative material and rips it up.ANSWER: “The Yellow Wallpaper”[10] This proto-feminist author wrote “The Yellow Wallpaper.” She wrote about a utopian feminist society in her novel Herland.ANSWER: Charlotte Perkins Gilman [or Charlotte Perkins Stetson][10] This other proto feminist wrote about Mrs. Mallard’s death upon seeing her husband after thinking he was dead in her “Story of an Hour.” She also wrote about Edna Pontellier’s affair with Alcee Arobin in her novel The Awakening.ANSWER: Kate Chopin [or Katherine O’Flaherty]6. A seated lone woman sits next to a vase and stares into the skyline in this artist’s Room in Brooklyn, and another of his works shows patrons in a diner that advertises Phillies cigars. For 10 points each:[10] Identify this American artist who captured scenes of loneliness in urban life in such works as Nighthawks.ANSWER: Edward Hopper[10] John Singer Sargent depicted a lone woman in this depiction of Virginie Gautreau. This painting was originally controversial for showing the right strap of the title figure’s black gown slipping from her right shoulder.ANSWER: Madame X[10] This painter ridiculed Sargent’s painting An Interior in Venice as being “smudge everywhere.” He also depicted a lone woman in his Arrangement in Grey and Black No. 1, which is better known as the artist’s “mother.” ANSWER: James McNeill Whistler7. Approximately 400,000 people were forced to live in this 1.3 square mile location, and the historian Emanuel Ringelblum attempted to accurately chronicle the atrocities committed here in his “Oneg Shabbat.” For 10 points each:[10] Name this city sector whose residents revolted in 1943 to avoid being deported to the Treblinka extermination camp. ANSWER: Warsaw Ghetto [prompt on “Warsaw”; prompt on “ghetto”][10] The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising started following the visit of this chief of the S.S. to the Ghetto. One of the chief planners of the Holocaust, he oversaw the construction of the extermination camps. ANSWER: Heinrich Himmler[10] Also called Operation Hummingbird, Himmler helped organize this 1934 purge, in which several members of the S.A. were killed in order to solidify Hitler’s power. Ernst R?hm, the leader of the S.A., was killed in this event. ANSWER: Night of the Long Knives8. This grouping of organisms was only defined in 1990, and its members are all single-celled organisms. For 10 points each:[10] Name this domain, which includes Pyrococcus furiosus, whose members were once lumped together with those of the domain Bacteria.ANSWER: Archaea [or Archaebacteria][10] Pyrococcus furiosus is a notable example of this kind of organism, which thrives in habitats that would be unlivable for most other organisms.ANSWER: extremophile [or hyperthermophile][10] Extremophiles found near hydrothermal vents convert compounds of this element into energy via chemosynthesis. This element is found in the side chains of methionine and cysteine.ANSWER: sulfur9. He was the runner-up for Time magazine’s Person of the Year. For 10 points each:[10] Name the former director of the FBI who is currently the special counsel in charge of investigating Russian involvement in the 2016 presidential election.ANSWER: Robert Mueller[10] This man worked as Donald Trump’s campaign manager in 2016. He was indicted in 2017 due to alleged involvement in money laundering regarding Russia.ANSWER: Paul Manafort[10] President Trump openly disagreed with this man, the Attorney General, over his decision to recuse himself from the Russia investigation. He had formerly been a U.S. Senator from Alabama.ANSWER: Jeff Sessions10. King James I’s dislike for this product resulted in him writing a “counterblaste” to it in 1604. For 10 points each:[10] Name this agricultural product. Pierre Abraham Lorillard was the founder of a company that processed this cash crop, which was important to colonial Virginia.ANSWER: Tobacco[10] This man died during a massacre at his farm at Bermuda Hundred. The son-in-law of Powhatan, he helped stabilize Virginia’s economy by introducing West Indian tobacco seeds there in 1612.ANSWER: John Rolfe [10] One member of this family became the president of the American Tobacco Company in 1890, and later invested in a power company that bears his name. A university formerly known as Trinity College is named for this family.ANSWER: Duke11. This work was most notably translated from the original Persian by Edward Fitzgerald beginning in the late 1850’s. For 10 points each:[10] Identify this collection of quatrains that contains the lines “Ah, my beloved, fill the cup that clears” and states “a jug of wine, a loaf of bread, and thou.”ANSWER: the Rubaiyat[10] While he worked in astronomy and mathematics during the Islamic Golden Age, today this Persian polymath is most remembered for being the author of the Rubaiyat.ANSWER: Omar Khayyam[10] The Rubaiyat describes a “moving finger” that performs this action and then, having done it, “moves on.”ANSWER: Writes [or word forms; or other reasonable equivalents]12. This philosopher wrote the three “Critiques” and had a rivalry with David Hume. For 10 points each:[10] Name this German who authored Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals.ANSWER: Immanuel Kant[10] In Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, Kant introduced this idea, which states that one should act only by maxims that one would wish to be universal laws.ANSWER: Categorical Imperative[10] In his essay “What is (this thing),” Kant responds by saying this thing is “Man’s emergence from his self-incurred immaturity.”ANSWER: Enlightenment13. A function used to count these numbers can be well approximated by x over the natural log of x. For 10 points each:[10] Name this set of numbers whose members can be found using the sieve of Eratosthenes.ANSWER: prime numbers[10] No prime number has this property, which describes numbers whose divisors sum to a total greater than the original number.ANSWER: abundance [or word forms][10] This type of prime number, named for a Frenchman, is of the form 2 to the n minus one where, interestingly, the exponent has to be prime as well. ANSWER: Mersenne prime14. Name the following about items not normally viewed as musical instruments being used in pieces, for 10 points each.[10] Johann Strauss the Younger composed a polka for this instrument, which is played in Morse Code in Edgar Varese’s Ionization. Its best known use in music is its namesake chorus in the opera Il Trovatore.ANSWER: anvil[10] In the aforementioned Ionization, Edgar Varese also used this noise making machine as an instrument, which he claimed was a “symphonic genuflection to the fire department.” Shostakovich’s Second Symphony uses one of these machines to rouse a factory.ANSWER: sirens [prompt on “alarm” or other similar answers][10] This American composer basically made a career of incorporating unorthodox instruments into his music, such as using 12 radio receivers in his Imaginary Landscape No. 4. He used no instruments at all in his 4’33 (four minutes, thirty three seconds).ANSWER: John Cage15. Answer the following questions about the arguably most influential album of the past decade: Kidz Bop 26. For 10 points each:[10] Name this Grammy award winning band of “Ain’t it Fun” whose scandalous lyric "You can ring anybody's bell to get what you want” was changed to “You can ring anybody’s cell to get what you want.”ANSWER: Paramore[10] Name this One Direction song that was given the Kidz Bop treatment by changing the lyric “She told me in the morning she don’t feel the same about us in her bones” to “She told me in the hallway.”ANSWER: “Story of My Life”[10] Kidz Bop’s version of this artist’s “Sing” explored the intoxicating qualities of karaoke by changing the lyric “I’m meant to drive home, but I’ve drunk all of it now” to “I’m meant to drive home, but I’ve sung all of it now.”ANSWER: Ed Sheeran16. The unequal treaties were among the contributors to the “Century of Humiliation” for China. For 10 points each:[10] This first of the unequal treaties was between China and Great Britain. It ended the First Opium War and resulted in China ceding Hong Kong. It was named for a city in east-central China that was the site of a horrific massacre at the hands of Japanese soldiers in late 1937/early 1938.ANSWER:Treaty of Nanking [or Treaty of Nanjing][10] One response to the foreign humiliation of China was this 1900 rebellion, which attempted to throw all foreigners out of China. The Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists was involved in this revolt.ANSWER: Boxer Rebellion[10] Weakened by the Century of Humiliation, the Qing dynasty was overthrown in the 1911 Chinese Revolution. Name the last emperor of China who abdicated in 1911 and later was installed as the head of the Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo.ANSWER: Henry Puyi [or P’u-i; or Xuantong]17. This location was visited soon after its author encountered a leopard, lion, and she-wolf. For 10 points each:[10] Name this location visited by Dante in the Divine Comedy that includes nine circles and has an entrance with the inscription, “Abandon hope, all ye who enter here.”ANSWER: Inferno [or Hell; prompt on “underworld”][10] Two answers required. In the Second Circle of the Inferno, Dante meets these lovers. One was the brother of Gianciotto and the other was Gianciotto’s wife. Gianciotto killed both of these lovers due to their affair.ANSWER: Paolo and Francesca[10] One resident of the Inferno is the giant Nimrod, who was the builder of this structure and thus rebellious against God. For his work on this structure, he is condemned to speak nonsense for eternity.ANSWER: Tower of Babel18. The word “lakkupippu” (lah-coo-pee-poo) in this language designates a popular licorice treat that fell under controversy due to its resemblance to tobacco pipes. For 10 points each:[10] Identify this Baltic language of the Uralic language family, from which is derived the word “sauna.”ANSWER: Finnish [or Suomi][10] At the beginning of the 19th century, the Finnish language did not have official status, as this neighboring nation’s language was used in education and government. The Finnish constitution of 2000 gave this language equal status with Finnish.ANSWER: Swedish [or Svenska][10] These residents of northern Finland, Sweden, and Norway speak three languages, which are mutually unintelligible. Their languages were once forbidden in Scandinavian schools, and the longtime basis for their livelihoods was reindeer herding.ANSWER: Sami [or Same; or Sabme; or Lapplanders] 19. Bosons have integer values of this quantity whose operator is represented using Pauli matrices. For 10 points each:[10] Identify this intrinsic form of angular momentum that has up and down states. The quantum number of this quantity is conventionally represented with the letter S.ANSWER: spin[10] The Pauli exclusion principle states that no two of these particles with the same spin may occupy the same position simultaneously. Electrons are examples of these particles that, unlike bosons, have half integer spin.ANSWER: fermions[10] Because oxygen gas exists in this spin state, it is paramagnetic and can be trapped between the poles of a magnet. Phosphorescence involves a transition from one of these states to a singlet state. ANSWER: triplet state20. Name some overseas Dutch territories in the Caribbean Sea, for 10 points each:[10] Willemstad is the capital of this territory, found roughly 40 miles north of Venezuela, whose Laraha citrus trees produce the oranges used to make a namesake liqueur.ANSWER: Curacao[10] About 70 miles west of Curacao is this island, with capital at Oranjestad. The main language of this island is Papiamento, which is serviced by Queen Beatrix Airport.ANSWER: Aruba[10] Aruba, this island, and Curacao are the three islands that make up the ABC Islands. Known for its flamingo population, its capital is Kralendijk.ANSWER: Bonaire ................
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