Lengths
Physiology 1
Exponents, Scientific Notation, and Metric System
Exponents
1,000 = 103 (thousand)
1,000,000 = 106 (million)
1,000,000,000 = 109 (billion)
1,000,000,000,000 = 1012 (trillion)
0.001 = 10-3 (one-thousandth)
0.000001 = 10-6 (one-millionth)
0.000000001 = 10-9 (one-billionth)
0.000000000001 = 10-12 (one-trillionth)
Scientific Notation
5,100 = 5.1 x 103
0.0051 = 5.1 x 10-3
2,500,000 = 2.5 x 106
0.0000025 = 2.5 x 10-6
Dimensions and Distances
one meter (m) = 39.370 inches
one inch (in) = 0.0254 meters
one centimeter (cm) = 0.3937 inches
one inch = 2.540 centimeters
centimeters = meters x 10-2
meters = centimeters x 102
millimeters (mm) = meters x 10-3
meters = millimeters x 103
millimeters = centimeters x 10-1
centimeters = millimeters x 101
microns (µm) = meters x 10-6
meters = microns x 106
nanometers (nm) = meters x 10-9
meters = nanometers x 109
angstroms (Ǻ) = meters x 10-10
meters = angstroms x 1010
Weights
one pound (lb) = 16 ounces
ounces (oz) = pounds / 16
kilogram (kg) = 2.205 pounds
one pound = 0.4536 kilograms
grams (g) = kilograms x 10-3
kilograms = grams x 103
milligrams (mg) = grams x 10-3
grams = milligrams x 103
micrograms (µg) = grams x 10-6
grams = micrograms x 106
nanograms (ng) = grams x 10-9
grams = nanograms x 109
picograms (pg) = grams x 10-12
grams = picograms x 1012
Volumes
one gallon (gal) = 4 quarts (qt) = 8 pints (p) = 16 cups (c)
one cup =16 tablespoons (tbsp) = 48 teaspoons (tsp)
one gallon = 8.336 pounds of water
one quart = 2.084 pounds of water
one liter (l) = 0.2642 gallons
one gallon = 3.785 liters
one liter = 1.057 quarts
one quart = 0.9464 liters
milliliters (ml) = liters x 10-3
liters = milliliters x 103
microliters (µl) = liters x 10-6
liters = microliters x 106
Temperatures
oF = degrees Fahrenheit; oC = degrees Celsius; oK = degrees Kelvin
oF = (oC x 1.8) + 32
oC = (oF - 32) x 5/9
oK = oC + 273.15
oC = oK - 273.15
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