MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING IN CORRECTIONS

U.S. Department of Justice National Institute of Corrections

MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING IN CORRECTIONS

A Comprehensive Guide to Implementing MI in Corrections

U.S. Department of Justice National Institute of Corrections

320 First Street, NW Washington, DC 20534

Morris L. Thigpen Director

Thomas J. Beauclair Deputy Director Robert Brown

Chief, Academy Division Michael Guevara Project Manager

National Institute of Corrections

MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING IN CORRECTIONS

A Comprehensive Guide to Implementing MI in Corrections

Bradford Bogue Anjali Nandi February 2012 NIC Accession Number 025556

This document was prepared under cooperative agreement number 07C70GJS5 from the National Institute of Corrections, U.S. Department of Justice. Points of view or opinions stated in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice.

Acknowledgments

The authors wish to recognize and express our appreciation for several sources of support and guidance that enabled us to write this book. First, the creators of motivational interviewing (MI), William Miller and Stephen Rollnick, whose work continues to illuminate and inspire us in so many ways. Second, the ongoing community of practice within the Motivational Interviewing Network of Trainers provided us continual practical guidance and humility; there are so many gifted people who are learning, sharing, and training MI that it is an honor to be a part of this group. Finally, the National Institute of Corrections (NIC) and the steering group listed below provided constant support for this project. These individuals reviewed innumerable draft chapters and first-cut videos to give us extremely helpful feedback at various points throughout the development of this document.

Motivational Interviewing in Corrections: A Comprehensive Guide to Implementing MI in Corrections

NIC Steering Group

Melissa Alexander, Ph.D. Bryan D. Bell David Bonaiuto Gary Christensen, Ph.D. Brian Coco Gene Cotter Elizabeth Craig Avani Gudrun Dilger Carl ?ke Farbring Cynthia Fix Matthew Gaskell

Ray Gingerich Ali Hall Lisa Hansen Terry Marshall William R. Miller, Ph.D. John Morris Michele A. Packard, Ph.D. Alma Villalobos Scott T. Walters, Ph.D. Carl Wicklund Wilburn C. (Dub) Wright

Acknowledgments iii

CONTENTS

Acknowledgments ....................................................................................................................... iii Chapter 1: What Is Motivational Interviewing? ............................................................................. 1

A Brief History of Motivational Interviewing ...........................................................................1 Where Can Motivational Interviewing Fit Into Corrections? .................................................2 Organization and Design of This Guide ................................................................................5 Endnotes .................................................................................................................................8 Chapter 2: How Motivational Interviewing Is Learned ................................................................ 13 Process of Learning MI .........................................................................................................14 Organizational Culture and How It Affects Learning MI .....................................................17 Endnotes ...............................................................................................................................18 Chapter 3: Supervising and Coaching To Support Implementation ........................................... 21 Supervising MI ......................................................................................................................21 Coaching MI ........................................................................................................................23 Providing Quality Assurance ................................................................................................26 Conclusion ...........................................................................................................................26 Endnotes ...............................................................................................................................27 Chapter 4: Assessing Motivational Interviewing Skills ................................................................ 29 Coaching Based on Feedback From Skills Assessments ....................................................29 Skills Assessed in MI Evaluation ...........................................................................................30 History of MI Skill Assessment ...............................................................................................30 Strategies for MI Evaluation .................................................................................................39 Endnotes ...............................................................................................................................43

Contents v

Chapter 5: Planning To Help Individuals Develop MI Skills in a Correctional Setting ........................................................................................... 45 Introducing MI to Newly Recruited Staff ..............................................................................46 Communities of Practice .....................................................................................................50 Introducing MI to Established Staff Who Are Not Interested in Learning MI .......................52 Introducing MI to Established Staff Who Are Interested in Learning MI ..............................53 Conclusion ...........................................................................................................................58 Endnotes ...............................................................................................................................58

Glossary .................................................................................................................................. 63

vi Motivational Interviewing in Corrections: A Comprehensive Guide to Implementing MI in Corrections

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