Chapter 8



Chapter 8

A New Nation

Study Guide

1. Washington established several precedents. Explain what a precedent is

and give one example.

2. Explain the cabinet:

State Department

________________(1st Secretary of State)

_________________________________(explain what it does)

_______ Department

Henry Knox- 1st Secretary of _________ _________________________________(explain what it does)

Treasury Department

________________(1st Secretary of Treasury)

Handles all the financial matters of the United States

Justice Department

________________(1st Attorney General)

_________________________________(explain what it does)

3. What part of government created the Executive Departments?

4. The U.S. had a huge national debt and it was __________ _________’s( what man) challenge to solve the economic crisis.

His plan was:

1.

2.

3.

4. Why did Southern states dislike Hamilton’s economic plan to pay off the nation’s debt?

Section 2 – Early Challenges

7. The Whiskey Rebellion happened in _________(year) in western PA.

This rebellion was a reaction by _____________(group) refusal to pay

the federal tax that was the idea of ____________ _______________.

8. Indians challenged the U.S. in the western territories.

U.S. general _____________ _____________ was defeated by Indian

leader Little Turtle of the __________(tribe) in ________(year) along the

Wabash River.

In ______(year) U.S. general Anthony Wayne defeated Indian leader

_________ ___________ at the Battle of __________ ___________ in

present day Ohio. Following the battle Indians were forced to sign the

Treaty of _____________. In this treaty the Indians gave up much of

present day ___________(state).

9. At this time Britain and France went to war and this divided the

American people. Famous men like Hamilton and Adams supported the

___________(country), while men like Jefferson supported the

__________(country).

Washington tried to keep the U.S. out of the war by issuing the Proclamation of Neutrality. These were the two main points:

1.

2.

The foreigner that threaten American neutrality was__________ _________. He was trying to…………………………………………………………

10. Explain the parts of the following treaties:

Jay’s Treaty—this was negotiated with __________

_______(country).

Americans dislike the treaty because:

1.

2.

Pinckney’s Treaty—negotiated with ___________(country).

This treaty gave Americans use of the _________________ River and access to trade in __________ _____________.

11. When Washington left office he warned the U.S. against

1. involvement in foreign alliances

2. ?____________________________(fill this in)

Section 3 – The First Political Parties

12. In Washington’s cabinet the two men who began to take opposing

views were ______________ and _______________( last names will do).

13. The first two political parties were the Federalists and the

Democratic-Republicans, or simply called the _______________.

14. Understand and study the chart on p.269.

15. Which political party believed in implied powers?

16. Implied powers is the belief that ………………………………………

17. 1796 Election – list the Presidential and Vice Presidential Candidates for each party

Federalist—(President) (Vice President)-

Democratic-Republican—(President) (Vice President)-

18. The results of the 1796 election was :

____________- President

____________- Vice President

This occurred because the Constitution stated that……………………..

19. The major international incident that happened during the Adams presidency was the ____ _________ with France. This incident involved the French foreign minister, ___________ ___ _______________. He demanded a bribe before any negotiations would start. When the American diplomats refused both sides…………………………

20. During this incident Adams faced criticism. To deal with this he encouraged Congress to pass the Alien and Sedition Acts. This is what those acts said:

Alien Act- this was directed against _________________(group), and it gave the President power to ……………………….

Sedition Act- this act directed against anyone trying to weaken the government. This act made it a crime to write,__________ or __________ and criticisms of the government that was either false, scandalous or ________________.

21. As a part of these two acts the Congress also passed the __________________ Act that lengthened the time period it took to become a citizen of the U.S. It was changed from ______years to _______years, this was meant to discourage them.

22. Opposition to these acts were first stated in the ___________&____________ _________________ that said the state could declare acts of Congress unconstitutional. This was the beginning of the states rights movement. The two authors of these statements were __________ & _______________.

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