Name:



Earth & Space Science

Final Exam Review Packet

Date of Exam:____________________________

Time of Exam:____________________________

Classroom: C218

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Name____________________________ Block_______

Date_____________________________ Earth Science

FINAL EXAM: Study Guide

NATURE OF SCIENCE (CH.1)

List what each branch of the Earth Science studies:

1. Geology-

2. Astronomy-

3. Meteorology-

4. Oceanography-

Describe the following areas of the earth:

5. Hydrosphere-

6. Lithosphere-

7. Asthenosphere-

8. Atmosphere-

9. Biosphere-

METRIC MEASUREMENT

10. International System of Units (SI)-

Define the following words. Then, list the basic metric unit of measurement for each.

Distance –

Mass –

Volume –

Temperature -

SCIENTIFIC METHOD (CH. 1)

11.Hypothesis-

Label the diagram below using the steps of the scientific method:

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CHEMISTRY (CH. 3)

18. Atom-

19. Element-

20. Atomic Mass-

21. Atomic Number-

22. Proton-

23. Neutron-

24. Electron-

25. Valence Electron-

Label the atomic #, atomic mass, and symbol.

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In the periodic cell for Boron: how many protons? ____________

How many electrons? ___________

How many neutrons? ____________

Draw an atom model for Boron.

26. Covalent Bond-

27. Ionic Bond-

MINERALS AND ROCKS (CH. 4,5,6)

28. Mineral-

Mineral Properties – Describe these mineral characteristics:

Cleavage-

Fracture-

Hardness-

Luster-

Streak-

Color-

29. Clastic-

30. Lithification-

Define each rock group. Then list and describe the specific types of each rock group.

31. Igneous Rock –

a. ___________________

b. ___________________

32. Sedimentary Rock –

a. ____________________

b. ____________________

c. ____________________

33. Metamorphic Rock –

a. _______________________

b. ______________________

Draw and label ALL parts of the Rock Cycle:

WEATHERING, SOILS, AND MASS MOVEMENT (CH. 7&8)

Define chemical and mechanical weathering. Then list and describe the specific types of each weathering group.

34. Chemical Weathering-

a. ___________________

b. ___________________

c. ___________________

35. Mechanical Weathering-

a. ___________________

b. ___________________

c. ___________________

d. ___________________

36. Delta-

37. Soil-

Label the soil profile with topsoil, subsoil, weathered bedrock, and bedrock. Briefly describe each horizon.

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Define mass movement. Then describe the specific types of each mass movement.

38. Mass Movement-

Creep –

Slump -

Landslide -

Mudflow -

Avalanche -

Rock Fall –

THE ATMOSPHERE (CH 11)

Label the diagram of the atmosphere using Mesosphere, Troposphere, Stratosphere, Ozone Layer, and Thermosphere. Briefly state what happens in each layer.

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39. Conduction-

40. Convection-

41. Radiation-

42. Ozone-

a. Natural causes of ozone depletion-

b. Human impact on ozone depletion-

43. Dew Point-

44. Relative Humidity-

45. Water Cycle-

46. Barometer-

CLIMATE (CH. 14)

47. Climate -

48. What causes climates?

49. Greenhouse Effect –

50. Global Warming -

a. Natural causes of global warming –

b. Human impact on global warming -

PLATE TECTONICS (CH. 17)

51. Continental Drift-

52. What is the evidence for Pangaea?

53. Sea Floor Spreading-

54. Subduction-

55. Theory of Plate Tectonics-

56. Convergent Boundary(what happens to Earth/what is formed?)-

57. Divergent Boundary(what happens to Earth/what is formed?)-

58. Transform Boundary(what happens to Earth/what is formed?)-

VOLCANOES (CH 18)

Define and draw the three types of volcanoes. What erupts out of each?

59. Cinder cone Volcano-

60. Composite Volcano-

61. Shield Volcano-

62. Hot Spot-

63. Ring of Fire-

EARTHQUAKES (CH 19)

64. Epicenter-

65. Focus-

Define and draw the three types of faults. What happens at each?

66. Normal Fault-

67. Reverse Fault-

68. Strike-slip Fault-

69. Primary Wave-

70. Secondary Wave-

71. Surface Wave-

72. Seisomogram-

73. Seismometer-

74. Magnitude-

75. Richter Scale-

76. Tsunami-

EARTH RESOURCES (CH. 25,26)

77. Natural Resources -

78. Renewable Resources (give an example)-

79. Nonrenewable Resources (give an example) –

80. Fossil Fuel -

81. List and describe alternative energy sources below –

a. ___________________-

b. ___________________-

c. ___________________-

d. ___________________-

e. ___________________-

f. ___________________-

82. Where is the best location for alternative energy production?

83. List ways to conserve energy resources.(Provide 3 examples)

ASTRONOMY (CH 28,29,30,31)

Label the season diagram using Summer Solstice, Winter Solstice, Autumnal Equinox, and Vernal Equinox.

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84. Astronomical Unit-

85. Lunar Eclipse-

86. Solar Eclipse-

87. Gas Giant Planet-

88. Terrestrial Planet-

89. Asteroid-

90. Comet-

91. Meteorite-

92. Meteoroid-

93. Sun Spots -

94. Solar Winds -

95. Solar Flare -

100. Constellation -

101. Black Holes -

102. Describe how the Sun will change during its lifetime and how it will end up -

103. Big Bang Theory-

List the planets of our solar system in order from the Sun.

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