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QuestionsDirect Democracy(also known as Pure DemocracyIndirect Democracy(also known as Representative Democracy)DictatorshipOligarchyAutocracyTheocracyCharacteristicsPeople represent themselves (act on their own) and vote directly for new laws and public policyRepresentatives of the people are elected to act in the majority of the voters’ best interests and make decisions on their behalf A single person or small (unelected) group has absolute power (and does not submit to the rule of law)State is ruled by a small elite, dominant clan or clique within the society (authority is usually based on wealth, royalty, education, or military power)Government is ruled by one person having unlimited powerPeople believe the ruler is a god or that religious leaders should run the government)Who has authority?Citizens govern themselves – all have direct participation in the decision making of the gov’tPerson who is elected by the citizens to be their representative for a set period of time1 ruler or small groupunelected group1 self-appointed personOne who people believe to be a god or religious clergyHow are leaders chosen?assembly (town) meeting or electionsLeaders and officials are elected by the citizensBy force - Leader is not elected by the peopleNot elected by the people - authority is usually based on wealth, royalty, education, or military powerRuler is either born into leadership or is self-appointed (through the use of force/violence)Whomever is believed to have a personal connection with society’s religion/belief; it’s based on their religious status Do leaders have to follow the same laws as everyone else?YesYesNo – Leader IS the lawNoNoYesExamples of this type of gov’t.Greece, SwitzerlandU.S., Canada, Israel, India, United Kingdom, Great Britain, and most European nationsCuba, Pakistan, Iraq, Syria under Assad, Nazi Germany, Soviet Union, Fascist Italy, Philippines, Nigeria, Zaire, Argentina, MexicoChina, South Africa (till 1989), Ancient SpartaVatican City in Italy, North Korea, Iran, Taliban (Afghanistan)AdvantagesCitizens have more freedomsEvery member of society has an equal say in every decision and has the power to vote on all issues and decisionsFaster process Citizens have more freedoms (civil liberties) and a voice in who they want as their leaderSeparation of powers between the branches of gov’t.System of checks and balancesFree electionsMost common form of government in the world(efficient system of gov’t - representatives are more knowledgeable of the laws/policies)Strong leadership/Gov’tRuler IS the law – does not have to submit to the rule of lawRuling group controls the militaryDecisions can be made and applied quicklyPeople look up to the leadersTraditions of the country are keptDriven by religious theoryUnity and Patriotism among the citizensWell-organizedDisadvantagesNo separation of powers or checks and balancesDifficult to maintain when a population becomes too largeCitizens may not be as knowledgeable of the laws/policiesMajority rules – under-representation of minoritiesRisk of corruption and inefficiency (if the wrong leaders/officials are elected)May use force to keep controlDissent not allowed; your life is in the hands of one individualCitizens do not have the right to choose their own leadersLittle to no attention to public opinion or individual rightsPeople of influence have the powerDespotism (domination through threat of punishment and violence)Leaders make all the decisions – little/no input from the peopleIndividual rights are usually ignoredCan result in discriminationFear of god is used to control the peopleNo room for change - whatever religious doctrine they follow is believed to be the only truth and lawPunishments against those who denounce God are often inhumane and cruelCensorship – no freedomOther interesting factsOriginated in Greece in 5th Century BCOriginated in Athens, GreeceAlso considered federal republicsOriginated in Europe in 19th Century ADOriginated in Greece, Rome in 10th Century BCMeans “rule by gods”First employed in the 1st Century AD by Joseph FlaviusMostly practiced by Jews ................
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