AP Human Geography



APHG Reading Guide Chapter 11 - Agriculture Field Note: Changing GreensWhy are cattle ranchers in South Dakota now growing soybeans?How has the demand for organic goods changed over the last 20 or so years? (think about how, where, and why)Key Question 1: What is agriculture, and where did agriculture begin? (352-360)Define Agriculture – Levels of Economic ActivityDefinitionExamplesThrough the classification of economic activities into sectors and then the analysis of the % of the population employed in each sector, what can be revealed about a country?What was the significance of the First (Neolithic) Agricultural Revolution? Explain the relationship between plant and animal domestication and agricultural practice.What is subsistence agriculture? In what regions of today’s world does it still prevail? Describe shifting agriculture and provide one specific type.How does shifting agriculture influence the land use and human settlement patterns? How did colonization by European powers change farming patterns?Key Question 2: How did agriculture change with industrialization? (360 – 364)Describe the Second Agricultural Revolution. How did it differ from the First Agricultural Revolution? How did it relate it to the Industrial Revolution?1432Discuss Von Thünen’s Model of Farming. Include the activities occurring within each ring and why that is the case. Relate Von Thünen’s Model to soil quality and climate changes.Describe the Third Agricultural Revolution. Why is it also identified as the Green Revolution?Identify 2 locations (and their crops) that have already been significantly impacted by the Third Agricultural Revolution.The Green Revolution has not been without controversy. Identify major arguments for both sides of the issue. SupportersDetractorsWhat are GMOs? How are they viewed worldwide?How have shifts from subsistence agriculture to commercial agriculture impacted rural life? (provide 3 specific examples)Key Question 3: What imprint does agriculture make on the cultural landscape? (364- 369)What is the cadastral system? The pattern of land ownership seen in the landscape reflects the cadastral system. Complete the table below describing each of the four survey systems.Survey SystemDescriptionLocationsrectangulartownship-and-rangemetes and boundslong-lotHow are property ownership patterns influenced by rules of property inheritance?Distinguish between dispersed and nucleated settlements. Identify and describe the five (5) village forms shown below.Village TypeDescription and location(s)ABCDEWhat do the sizes, forms, functions, materials and spacing of rural dwellings (and settlements) reveal about a region and its culture? Key Question 4: What is the global pattern of agriculture and agribusiness? (370 -380)Define commercial agriculture:What is monoculture?Give 3 specific examples of how Figure 11.6 (World Climates) directly impacts Figure 11.17 (World Agriculture).Provide 3 conclusions that can be drawn about the patterns of world agriculture by studying Figure 11.7 (p374-375)?How did plantation agriculture impact the economies of Middle and South America, Africa and South Asia? What are the two most significant contemporary cash crops? Why?How does coffee exemplify the colonial legacy’s impact on present day agricultural activities?Looking at the Figure 11.17, explain any Thünian patterns you see. What has allowed this to happen on a national or global scale as opposed to just the local scale?What are the three types of subsistence agriculture?What type of cash crops are particularly difficult to map and why?Describe at least 3 examples of how the environment has been impacted by commercial agriculture:Assess the impact on North American agricultural practices as a result of AgribusinessExpansion of cities ................
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