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The Geography of North America, 2e (Hardwick)

Chapter 15 California

Chapter 16 The Pacific Northwest

1) Mediterranean climates are prevalent in which part of North America?

A) On the lower slopes of low lying mountain ranges in the Atlantic Periphery region.

B) In parts of the Coast Ranges where the normal lapse rate is dominant.

C) Along the west coast in what is today known as the state of California.

D) In parts of coastal Oregon where maritime air dominates in both summer and winter months.

2) Which of the following is the water-control project that takes water from the Owens Valley and sends it to Los Angeles?

A) The California Aqueduct. B) The Hetch Hetchy Project.

C) The Central Valley Project. D) The Los Angeles Water Project.

3) Which term (originally applied to the Los Angeles area) is used by geographers to define and discuss an ethnic enclave located outside the city's downtown?

A) An ethnoburb B) A barrio C) An exurb D) Multiple nuclei

4) The primary direction of movement along the San Andreas Fault is what?

A) Horizontal B) Vertical C) Oblique D) Normal

5) If you were traveling from Monterey on the California Coast to visit Yosemite National Park, on the eastern side of the state, what three major land forms would you pass through? (in order)

A) The Klamath Mountains, the Cascade Range and the Modoc Plateau.

B) The Transverse Ranges, the Mojave Desert and the Great Basin.

C) The Coast Ranges, the Central Valley and the Sierra Nevadas.

D) The Central Valley, the Sierra Nevadas and the Great Basin.

6) The highest peak in the lower 48 states is located where?

A) The Sierra Nevadas B) The Rocky Mountains C) The Cascade Range D) The Tehachapi Mountains

7) Mount Shasta and Mount Lassen in the far northeastern part of California, were formed by what process?

A) The transformative motion of the North American plate against the Pacific plate.

B) The divergence of the North American plate and the Juan de Fuca plate.

C) The subduction of the Juan de Fuca plate beneath the North American plate.

D) The convergence of the North American Plate against the Pacific plate.

8) According to the text, the name California comes from what?

A) The name comes from a mythical land in Spanish romance novel "Las Sergas de Esplandián" or "The Adventures of Esplandián".

B) A tribute to the Infante de Isla California who funded many of the Christian missions.

C) The name comes from a knight the 11th century Old French Poem, the "La Chanson de Roland" or "The Song of Roland".

D) The name comes from the Native American Wiyot word for "Golden Land.

9) Why does the text say there is a greater density and cultural diversity of Native Americans living in California, than in the rest of North America, prior to European contact?

A) A greater number of tribal conflicts caused groups to split and become isolated.

B) The mild climate and rich diversity of resources.

C) Past periods of disease forced isolation between many groups that led to cultural uniqueness.

D) The flat terrain and lack of wetlands in the Central Valley drew many Native American immigrants from the surrounding Aztec, Mayan, Great Basin and Puget Sound tribes.

10) The Spanish Mission system had two main purposes, to convert the native population to Catholicism and to what?

A) To use natives as slave labor in agriculture.

B) To catalog native tribes and their languages.

C) As a trading post between native tribes and Spanish merchants.

D) As a place for natives to go when they are sick or injured.

11) What was the capital of Spanish California?

A) Sacramento B) Sonoma C) Monterey D) Los Angeles

12) What was the main economic engine of Spanish California?

A) Gold mining B) Cattle ranching C) Wheat farming D) Ocean Fishing

13) About how long was California a part of Mexico before it became a U.S. state?

A) 25 years B) 50 years C) 100 years D) 200 years

14) In 1900, which was the city with a larger population, San Francisco or Los Angeles?

A) Los Angeles had a larger population

B) San Francisco had a larger population

C) Both cities had about the same population

D) Los Angeles wasn't founded until after 1900

15) The Dust Bowl and the Great Depression brought many of what group immigrants to California?

A) Chinese B) African-American C) Okie D) Mexican

16) Which of the following agricultural crops is grown in California, but nowhere else in the United States?

A) Dates and figs B) Tomatoes and cotton C) Lettuce and almonds D) Strawberries and plums

17) One of the weaknesses of California's massive agricultural economy is what?

A) Its reliance on underpaid migrant labor from Latin America.

B) The amount of farms starting to become unusable for agriculture because of the overuse of pesticides.

C) Too much farmland has been used for industrial farming and cannot be used for organic farms.

D) The extinction of native species, due to loss of habitat, has resulted in certain plant eating insects and animals no longer having natural predators.

18) What 1969 disaster in Southern California prompted the organization of the first Earth Day in 1970?

A) The 100th death in Los Angeles due to air pollution. B) A trash dump catching fire.

C) An off-shore oil spill. D) A massive river fish kill.

19) The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and fighting in the South Pacific led to the establishment of what industry in California?

A) The Entertainment Industry B) The Petroleum Industry

C) The Defense Industry D) The Forestry Industry

20) Santa Clara County and the City of San Jose are centers of what industry?

A) Oil refining B) High technology

C) Ranching D) Tourism

21) The concentration of high-technology firms in Silicon Valley is primarily related to what factor?

A) The region was ideally located to attract and retain a highly educated workforce

B) The fame of the Los Alamos labs.

C) The Silicon Valley was protected by massive shore defenses after WWII.

D) The power grid for California was centered around the Silicon Valley.

22) The predominantly African American suburbs of Inglewood and Baldwin Park near Los Angeles are examples of what?

A) Microdistrict B) Ethnoburbs

C) Boomburb D) Penurbia

23) In the Southern California conurbation most non-Anglo ethnic groups live in what area?

A) Near the center of Los Angeles B) Near the coast

C) In suburban areas D) Away from the coast

E) Both C and D

24) Divisions between northern California and southern California are exacerbated by conflict over what resource?

A) Oil B) Water C) Money D) Gold

25) Which of the following are two major industries in San Diego County?

A) Tourism and the U.S. Navy B) High technology and commercial manufacturing.

C) Fruit agriculture and wine D) Import/export and computer manufacturing.

26) Which of the following best defines a rain shadow?

A) The shadow on the moon that lets you know rain is coming.

B) The dark streaks of rain failing from under a cloud when seen from a distance. Looks like a misty shadow.

C) The lack of precipitation on the side of a mountainous area that faces away from prevailing winds

D) The side of the mountain that gets a higher percentage of rain that faces toward the prevailing winds.

27) Which of the following is a name for the Pacific Northwest that was coined my novelist Ernest Callenbach?

A) Ecotopia B) Cascadia C) Pacifica D) Eutopia

28) Which primary cultural characteristics are usually associated with the Pacific Northwest?

A) Ethnocentrism and love for high technology and coffee.

B) Resilience and a desire to exploit the natural wealth of the region.

C) Independence and concern for the natural environment.

D) Isolationism and a sense of nationalistic pride.

29) Where did most immigrants who travelled along the Oregon Trail end up settling?

A) California B) The Willamette Valley C) The Columbia Plateau D) Vancouver Island

30) In the Pacific Northwest orographic precipitation usually occurs where?

A) On the western side of mountain ranges B) On the eastern side of mountain ranges

C) In valleys between mountain ranges D) Near the coast

31) The first major wave of American settlement in Oregon's Willamette Valley was set into motion by which of the following?

A) Dawes Act B) Donation Land Claims Act

C) Homestead Act D) Expulsion Act

32) Most indigenous groups in the Pacific Northwest relied on what as their primary source of food?

A) Agriculture B) Hunting

C) Fishing and marine resources D) Gathering seeds, fruits, and berries.

33) Who were the first European explorers to visit the Pacific Northwest?

A) Russian B) French C) British D) Spanish

34) Prior to 1846, what country shared governance of the Oregon Territory with the United States?

A) The French B) The Russians C) The British D) The Spanish

35) During the early 19th century, most British settlers to the Pacific Northwest were what?

A) British loyalists who had fled to Canada during the Revolutionary War.

B) Employees of the Hudson's Bay Company

C) Independent hunters and trappers trading with the native tribes

D) Irish immigrants fleeing the British takeover of Northern Ireland.

36) Why did the number of settlers to the Pacific Northwest increase dramatically after 1880?

A) The completion of transcontinental railroads in the United States and Canada

B) The completion of the Panama Canal

C) Steamships drastically reduced the travel time over sailing ships.

D) Both B and C

37) What city in the Pacific Northwest has become a center for settlement of immigrants from Hong Kong?

A) Portland, Oregon B) Seattle, Washington

C) Vancouver, British Columbia D) Olympia, Washington

38) The large agricultural valley in western Oregon, which was the primary destination for early settlers coming to the region via the Oregon Trail is called what?

A) The Frasier Valley B) The Santa Clara Valley

C) The Willamette Valley D) The Central Valley

39) What North American region has become the leading center for the production of "microbrew" beers?

A) The Pacific Northwest B) California C) The Intermontane D) Megalopolis

40) Prior to WWII, what factor limited the development of large-scale industry in the Pacific Northwest?

A) The lack of power plants prevented the expansion needed.

B) With the lack of population on the Pacific Northwest, there was no demand for finished goods.

C) Its isolation from the rest of North America and difficulty of transporting goods.

D) With the adult U.S. population depleted in the Pacific Northwest after WWI, there was a lack of workers available.

41) The Quincy Library Group became famous for creating a plan for the management of what resource?

A) Forests B) Water C) Oil D) Gold

42) One factor that has made the Pacific Northwest an attractive region for high technology companies is what?

A) Attractive natural environments B) Low cost of living

C) Abundance of workers D) Established, technology-oriented universities.

43) Economic recessions have a particularly strong impact on demand for what product from the Pacific Northwest?

A) Timber B) Salmon C) Computers D) Airplanes

44) Most land in British Columbia and Alaska is too cold, rainy, or rugged for commercial farming, except for what region?

A) Willamette Valley B) Fraser Valley C) Rogue Valley D) Columbia Valley

45) What is the largest city in southeastern Alaska?

A) Valdez B) Sitka C) Juneau D) Anchorage

46) What factor made Victoria and Vancouver different than other cities in British Columbia and led them to become the two largest cities in the province?

A) Victoria and Vancouver were the two largest forts in B.C. and so drew a large population early.

B) Most other cities in B.C. can only be reached by air or water travel.

C) Victoria and Vancouver were two major trading ports and the commerce with Asia and Russia drew settlers.

D) Both A and C

47) What city, is associated with grunge rock and was originally founded as a logging center?

A) Seattle B) Portland C) Victoria D) Vancouver

48) The cities of Longview and Richland, in Washington, are unique because of what?

A) They are both centers for the nuclear energy industry.

B) They were both preplanned cities.

C) They were both towns owned by private corporations.

D) They are both owned and run by Native American tribes, while remaining part of the United States.

49) What innovative environmental policy did Oregon put into practice to limit and protect its natural environment from unbridled growth?

A) Urban growth boundaries B) City limits

C) Road tolls D) Wildlife conservation areas

50) To the east of the Cascades, the "Palouse" or "Inland Empire" is known for growing what crops?

A) Blueberries, Oats, and grapes B) Wheat, apples, and grapes

C) Wheat, blueberries, and pears D) Pears, apples, and oats

ANSWER 3 OF THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS

USE 3-5 SENTENCES FOR EACH ANSWER

-Explain the relationship between topography and climate in the Pacific Northwest. Where are there high levels of precipitation? What about low levels? What explains this variation?

-Explain why Russian Old Believers left their homelands? in western Russia and how they ended up in the Pacific Northwest. What were the push and pull factors involved?

-Compare and contrast the environmental and social problems created by the forestry with those problems cause by population growth. What are the similarities and differences between these issues?

-How did WWII impact the economy of the Pacific Northwest?

-The Pacific Northwest has become an increasingly popular destination for tourists. Describe three places you would visit on a trip to the region and what attractions you would visit or activities you would participate in.

-Why does California have the largest and most extensive system of water projects in the world?

-If few prospectors got rich during the California gold rush got rich, why is it considered one of the most influential events in California history? What impacts did the gold rush have on the landscape of California?

-Describe at least three factors that led to the tremendous growth of California's population and economy since 1850.

-Though relatively small, explain the direct economic impact of California's entertainment industry on revenue generation.

-Explain the relationship between California's landforms, climates and vegetation. How do the landforms and climates interact to create the patterns of ecosystems seen today?

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